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Asif M, Nocilla KA, Ngo L, Shah M, Smadi Y, Hafeez Z, Parnes M, Manson A, Glushka JN, Leach FE, Edison AS. Role of UDP-Glycosyltransferase ( ugt) Genes in Detoxification and Glycosylation of 1-Hydroxyphenazine (1-HP) in Caenorhabditis elegans. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:590-599. [PMID: 38488606 PMCID: PMC11022241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans is a useful model organism to study the xenobiotic detoxification pathways of various natural and synthetic toxins, but the mechanisms of phase II detoxification are understudied. 1-Hydroxyphenazine (1-HP), a toxin produced by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, kills C. elegans. We previously showed that C. elegans detoxifies 1-HP by adding one, two, or three glucose molecules in N2 worms. Our current study evaluates the roles that some UDP-glycosyltransferase (ugt) genes play in 1-HP detoxification. We show that ugt-23 and ugt-49 knockout mutants are more sensitive to 1-HP than reference strains N2 or PD1074. Our data also show that ugt-23 knockout mutants produce reduced amounts of the trisaccharide sugars, while the ugt-49 knockout mutants produce reduced amounts of all 1-HP derivatives except for the glucopyranosyl product compared to the reference strains. We characterized the structure of the trisaccharide sugar phenazines made by C. elegans and showed that one of the sugar modifications contains an N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in place of glucose. This implies broad specificity regarding UGT function and the role of genes other than ogt-1 in adding GlcNAc, at least in small-molecule detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad
Zaka Asif
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Kelsey A. Nocilla
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Li Ngo
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Man Shah
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Yosef Smadi
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Zaki Hafeez
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Michael Parnes
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Allie Manson
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - John N. Glushka
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Franklin E. Leach
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Arthur S. Edison
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
- Complex
Carbohydrate Research Center, University
of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
- Institute
of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Novel α-Amylase Inhibitor Hemi-Pyocyanin Produced by Microbial Conversion of Chitinous Discards. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050283. [PMID: 35621934 PMCID: PMC9171587 DOI: 10.3390/md20050283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Amylase inhibitors (aAIs) have been applied for the efficient management of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to search for potential aAIs produced by microbial fermentation. Among various bacterial strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa TUN03 was found to be a potential aAI-producing strain, and shrimp heads powder (SHP) was screened as the most suitable C/N source for fermentation. P. aeruginosa TUN03 exhibited the highest aAIs productivity (3100 U/mL) in the medium containing 1.5% SHP with an initial pH of 7–7.5, and fermentation was performed at 27.5 °C for two days. Further, aAI compounds were investigated for scaled-up production in a 14 L-bioreactor system. The results revealed a high yield (4200 U/mL) in a much shorter fermentation time (12 h) compared to fermentation in flasks. Bioactivity-guided purification resulted in the isolation of one major target compound, identified as hemi-pyocyanin (HPC) via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Its purity was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. HPC demonstrated potent α-amylase inhibitory activity comparable to that of acarbose, a commercial antidiabetic drug. Notably, HPC was determined as a new aAI. The docking study indicated that HPC inhibits α-amylase by binding to amino acid Arg421 at the biding site on enzyme α-amylase with good binding energy (−9.3 kcal/mol) and creating two linkages of H-acceptors.
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of an Extract from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Its Purified Product 1-Hydroxyphenazine on RAW264.7 Cells. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:2762-2773. [PMID: 34043026 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to discuss the effects of an extract from the culture medium of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) 2016NX1 (chloroform extract of P. aeruginosa, CEPA) and its purified product 1-hydroxyphenazine on RAW264.7 cell inflammation. Cell viability was evaluated by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. TNF-α production was determined by an ELISA method. The effects of CEPA and its purified product 1-hydroxyphenazine on cell morphology were investigated using an inverted microscope. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to determine mRNA expression levels. CEPA and 1-hydroxyphenazine had no obvious toxicity to cells when their concentrations were no more than 20 μg ml-1 and 5 μg ml-1, respectively. Both CEPA and 1-hydroxyphenazine suppressed the secretion of TNF-α and significantly reduced the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Both CEPA and 1-hydroxyphenazine inhibited M1 cell polarization after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. The results in this article lay a good foundation for the biopharmaceutical applications of CEPA and 1-hydroxyphenazine in the future. CEPA and 1-hydroxyphenazine had certain anti-inflammatory activity, and inhibited LPS-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation. Our findings suggest that CEPA and 1-hydroxyphenazine are potential chemicals with anti-inflammatory activity.
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Meesungnoen O, Chantiratikul P, Thumanu K, Nuengchamnong N, Hokura A, Nakbanpote W. Elucidation of crude siderophore extracts from supernatants of Pseudomonas sp. ZnCd2003 cultivated in nutrient broth supplemented with Zn, Cd, and Zn plus Cd. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:2863-2874. [PMID: 33751172 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This research aimed to study siderophores secreted from Pseudomonas sp. PDMZnCd2003, a Zn/Cd tolerant bacterium. The effects of Zn and/or Cd stress were examined in nutrient broth to achieve the actual environmental conditions. Acid and alkali supernatants and liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate and butanol were carried out to obtain crude extracts containing different amounts of the metals. The bacterial growth, UV-visible spectra of the supernatants and siderophore production indicated that the production of siderophores tended to be linked to primary metabolites. Pyocyanin was produced in all treatments, while pyoverdine was induced by stress from the metals, especially Cd. FT-IR spectra showed C=O groups and sulfur functional groups that were involved in binding with the metals. LC-MS revealed that pyocyanin, 1-hydroxy phenazine, pyoverdine, and pyochelin were present in the crude extracts. S K-edge XANES spectra showed that the main sulfur species in the extracts were the reduced forms of sulfide, thiol, and disulfide, and their oxidation states were affected by coordination with Zn and/or Cd. In addition, Zn K-edge EXAFS spectra and Cd K-edge EXAFS spectra presented Zn-O and Cd-O as coordination in the first shell, in case the extracts contained less metal. Although the mix O/S ligands had chelation bonding with Zn and Cd in the other extracts. For the role of S groups in pyochelin binding with the metals, this was the first report. The results of these experiments could be extended to Pseudomonas that respond to metal contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orapan Meesungnoen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kamrieng, Kantaravichai, 44150, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Piyanete Chantiratikul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kamrieng, Kantaravichai, 44150, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Kanjana Thumanu
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Nitra Nuengchamnong
- Science Laboratory Centre, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Akiko Hokura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Denki University, Adachi, Tokyo, 120-8551, Japan
| | - Woranan Nakbanpote
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kamrieng, Kantaravichai, 44150, Mahasarakham, Thailand.
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5
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Wang S, Huang Z, Wan Q, Feng S, Xie X, Zhang R, Zhang Z. Comparative Genomic and Metabolomic Analyses of Two Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains With Different Antifungal Activities. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1841. [PMID: 32849439 PMCID: PMC7412747 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the plant rhizosphere has been widely used as an effective strain in biological control against plant disease. This bacterium promotes plant growth and protect plants against various phytopathogens through the production of phenazine metabolites. In this study, the strain P. aeruginosa Y12 with anti-Beauveria bassiana activity was isolated from the gut of housefly larvae. It was comparatively analyzed with the strain P. aeruginosa P18, which showed no anti-B. bassiana activity. Genomic and metabolomic methods were used to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the antimicrobial mechanism of Y12. After whole-genome resequencing of the two strains, a total of 7,087 non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs), 1079 insertions and deletions (InDels), 62 copy-number variations (CNVs) and 42 structural variations (SV) were found in both strains. We analyzed the differentially abundant metabolites between Y12 and P18, and identified six bioactive compounds that could be associated with the antimicrobial activity of Y12. Additionally, we found that, unlike other previously reported rhizospheric P. aeruginosa strains, Y12 could produce both phenazine-1,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC) and pyocyanin (PYO) at significantly higher concentrations than P18. As B. bassiana is an effective biological insecticide that can cause high mortality in adult houseflies but has little effect on housefly larvae, we believe that P. aeruginosa Y12, identified in housefly larvae but not in adults, were beneficial for the development of housefly larvae and could protect them from B. bassiana infection through the production of toxic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China
| | - Zhendong Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China
| | - Qing Wan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China
| | - Shuo Feng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China
| | - Xiaochen Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai'an, China
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6
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Liu TT, Ye FC, Pang CP, Yong TQ, Tang WD, Xiao J, Shang CH, Lu ZJ. Isolation and identification of bioactive substance 1-hydroxyphenazine from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its antimicrobial activity. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 71:303-310. [PMID: 32449160 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A strain named as Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2016NX1, which could produce phenazine and cereusitin, was isolated from the root of Millettia specisoa. Phenazines were extracted, isolated and purified by chloroform, thin-layer chromatography, column chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Then the purified materials were identified by analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance. The major yellow component is 1-hydroxyphenazine and the minor blue component is cereusitin A. The tests of antimicrobial activity of yellow component showed that the growth of several common plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria (such as Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Diaporthe citri, Salmonella sp., Klebsiella oxytoca) could be strongly inhibited. This study suggested that Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 2016NX1 had a significant potential for biological control of phytopathogenic fungi. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: In this study, one bioactive substance from Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2016NX1 was identified and its antimicrobial activity was verified. This study demonstrated that one bioactive substance from P. aeruginosa can strongly inhibit the growth of plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria. This study suggested that P. aeruginosa strain 2016NX1 has a significant potential for biological control of phytopathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Liu
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - F C Ye
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - C P Pang
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - T Q Yong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application and Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - W D Tang
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - J Xiao
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - C H Shang
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Z J Lu
- College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin, Guangxi, China
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Subramanian P, Gurunathan J. Differential Production of Pigments by Halophilic Bacteria Under the Effect of Salt and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 190:391-409. [PMID: 31363982 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03107-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms that survive in the high salt environment have been shown to be a potential source for metabolites with pharmaceutical importance. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of 5 and 10% (w/v) NaCl on growth, biochemical changes, and metabolite production in seven moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from the salterns/mangrove area of South India. Metabolite production by Bacillus VITPS3 increased by 3.18-fold in the presence of 10% (w/v) NaCl concentration. Total phenolic and flavonoid content increased in Bacillus VITPS5 (11.3-fold) and Planococcus maritimus VITP21 (5.99-fold) whereas β-carotene content was less at higher NaCl concentrations. VITP21 and VITPS5, in response to NaCl, produced metabolites with higher (6.72- and 4.91-fold) DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. UV/visible spectrophotometry of the extracts confirmed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, and related compounds. 1H-NMR spectra indicated substantial changes in the metabolite production in response to salt concentration. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that VITP21 extracts exhibited the highest antioxidant activity compared with other extracts. The present study presents the first report on the comparative analysis of pigment production by moderate halophilic bacteria, in response to the effect of salt and their relation to radical scavenging property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathiba Subramanian
- Department of Biotechnology, School of BioScience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Jayaraman Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of BioScience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Nie H, Nie M, Wang L, Diwu Z, Xiao T, Qiao Q, Wang Y, Jiang X. Evidences of extracellular abiotic degradation of hexadecane through free radical mechanism induced by the secreted phenazine compounds of P. aeruginosa NY3. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 139:434-441. [PMID: 29709800 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of secreted extracellular phenazine compounds (PHCs) on the degradation efficiency of alkanes by P. aeruginosa NY3. Under aerobic conditions, the PHCs secreted by P. aeruginosa NY3 initiate the oxidation of alkanes outside cells, in coupling with some reducing agents, such as β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced disodium salt (NADH) or reduced glutathione (GSH). This reaction might be via free radical reactions similar to Fenton Oxidation Reaction (FOR). P. aeruginosa NY3 secretes pyocyanin (Pyo), 1-hydroxyphenazine (HPE), phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), and phenazine-1-amide (PCN) simultaneously. The cell-free extracellular fluid containing these four PHCs degrades hexadecane effectively. The observation of Electron Spin Resonance (EPR) signals of superoxide anion radical (O2-), hydroxyl radical (OH) and/or carbon free radicals (R) both in vivo and in vitro suggested the degradation of hexadecane could be via a free radical pathway. Secretion of PHCs has been found to be characteristic of Pseudomonas which is often involved in or related to the degradation of organic pollutants. Our work suggested that certain organic contaminants may be oxidized through ubiquitously extracellular abiotic degradation by the free radicals produced during bio-remediation and bio-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Nie
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Maiqian Nie
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenjun Diwu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Xiao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Qiao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Jiang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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9
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Rabel F, Sherma J. Review of the state of the art of preparative thin-layer chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1294081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fred Rabel
- ChromHELP, LLC, Woodbury, New Jersey, USA
| | - Joseph Sherma
- Department of Chemistry, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania, USA
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10
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Shanthakumar SP, Duraisamy P, Vishwanath G, Selvanesan BC, Ramaraj V, Vasantharaj David B. Broad spectrum antimicrobial compounds from the bacterium Exiguobacterium mexicanum MSSRFS9. Microbiol Res 2015; 178:59-65. [PMID: 26302848 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Clinical bacterial pathogens front a major challenge for the clinical researchers and physicians. In particular microbial pathogens like Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Klebsiella pneumonia and Salmonella enterica are apparelled with systemic machineries to bring down the human immune system as well as proliferate dramatically in a short period which in turn cause a pronounced ailment to the human health. In vitro evaluation of four purified compounds isolated from rhizosphere bacterium Exiguobacterium mexicanum tested against clinical pathogens mentioned above by disc diffusion method showed the two compounds viz., 3,6,18-trione, 9,10-dihydro-12'-hydroxyl-2methyl-5-(phenyl methyl) (5'-alpha, 10-alpha)-dihydroergotamine (C3) and dipropyl - S-propyl ester (C4) exhibit antibacterial property against all the tested pathogens. Among the four clinical pathogens tested, compound C3 has shown higher zone of inhibition against S. enterica with 17±0 mm, followed by S. flexneri with 16.5±0.7 mm, E. coli with 15±0 mm and K. pneumoniae with 14±0 mm, respectively. The compound C4 has shown higher antimicrobial activity against S. enterica with 21.5±0.7 mm zone of inhibition, followed by S. flexneri with 19.5±0.7 mm, E. coli with 17±0 mm and K. pneumoniae with 16±0 mm, these two compounds were found to be safer when subjected to rat haematological and enzymatic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Shanthakumar
- Laboratory Integrated Pest Management (IPM), M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Road, Institutional Area, Taramani, Chennai 600113, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Purushothaman Duraisamy
- Laboratory Integrated Pest Management (IPM), M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Road, Institutional Area, Taramani, Chennai 600113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganga Vishwanath
- Laboratory Integrated Pest Management (IPM), M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, III Cross Road, Institutional Area, Taramani, Chennai 600113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Benson Chellakkan Selvanesan
- Cell and Experimental Pathology, Department Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Clinical Research Centre, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, Bldg 91, fl 11, Skåne University Hospital, SE 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - B Vasantharaj David
- Scientific and Advisory Board, IIBAT, Padappai, Kanchipuram Dt, Tamil Nadu, India
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