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Majeed M, Nagabhushanam K, Arumugam S, Chadalavada N, Seepana J, Annamalai T, Murali A, Prakasan P, Mundkur L. Probiotic Weizmannia coagulans MTCC 5856 as adjunct therapy in children's acute diarrhea-a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Front Pediatr 2024; 11:1338126. [PMID: 38269290 PMCID: PMC10806110 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1338126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Acute diarrhea in children is generally managed by replacing the lost fluid with oral rehydration solution (ORS). Probiotic supplementation has been reported to reduce the severity of diarrhea. In the present study, we investigated the effect of Weizmannia coagulans (Bacillus coagulans) MTCC 5856, along with ORS on acute diarrhea of all causes in non-hospitalized children. Methods A total of 110 children of ages between 1 and 10 were enrolled in a double-blind placebo-controlled study and were randomly allocated to receive W. coagulans MTCC 5856 (4 × 108 spores, N = 54) + ORS and zinc (Zn) or a placebo (N = 56) + ORS and (Zn) for 5 days. The consistency of the stool, mean duration of diarrhea in hours, mean diarrhea frequency per day, and the dehydration status were collected as efficacy endpoints. Safety was evaluated by the occurrence of adverse events. Results The mean age of the children was 5.55 ± 2.57 years (61 boys and 49 girls). The mean duration of diarrhea was 51.31 ± 20.99 h in the W. coagulans MTCC 5856 group and 62.74 ± 24.51 h in the placebo (p = 0.011) group. The frequency of diarrhea was lower in children supplemented with the probiotic, but the difference was not statistically significant. The perceived efficacy score and dehydration status improved significantly in the W. coagulans MTCC 5856 group compared with the placebo group. No adverse events were recorded. Conclusion The results of the study suggest that W. coagulans MTCC 5856 could be supplemented along with ORS and zinc to reduce the duration of diarrhea in non-hospitalized children. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier CTRI/2022/06/043239.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Majeed
- Research and Development, Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, India
- Research and Development, Sabinsa Corporation, East Windsor, NJ, United States
| | | | - Sivakumar Arumugam
- Research and Development, Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Jyotsna Seepana
- Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College and Government General Hospital (old RIMSGGH), Srikakulam, India
| | - Thumjaa Annamalai
- Department of Pediatrics, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College & Hospital (AVMCH), Pondicherry, India
| | - Avinash Murali
- Research and Development, Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, India
| | - Priji Prakasan
- Research and Development, Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, India
| | - Lakshmi Mundkur
- Research and Development, Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, India
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Chen Z, Tang Z, Li W, Deng X, Yu L, Yang J, Liu J, Cheng Y, Huang W, Guo X, Shan J, Zhou D, Zeng W, Bai Y, Fan H. Weizmannia coagulans BCF-01: a novel gastrogenic probiotic for Helicobacter pylori infection control. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2313770. [PMID: 38334087 PMCID: PMC10860349 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2313770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The widespread prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, particularly in China, contributes to the development of gastrointestinal diseases. Antibiotics have limitations, including adverse reactions and increased antibiotic resistance. Therefore, identification of novel gastrogenic probiotics capable of surviving the acidic gastric environment and effectively combating H. pylori infection has potential in restoring gastric microbiota homeostasis. Five novel strains of human gastrogenic Weizmannia coagulans (BCF-01-05) were isolated from healthy gastric mucosa and characterized using 16S rDNA identification. Acid resistance, H. pylori inhibition, and adherence to gastric epithelial cells were evaluated in in-vitro experiments and the molecular mechanism explored in in-vivo experiments. Among the gastric-derived W. coagulans strains, BCF-01 exhibited the strongest adhesion and H. pylori inhibition, warranting further in-vivo safety evaluation. Through 16S rRNA sequencing of a mouse model, BCF-01 was determined to significantly restore H. pylori-associated gastric dysbiosis and increase the abundance of potential probiotic bacteria. Furthermore, BCF-01 enhanced mucosal tight junction protein expression and inhibited the TLR4-NFκB-pyroptosis signaling pathway in macrophages, as demonstrated by qRT-PCR and western blotting.These findings highlight the potential of BCF-01 in the prevention and control of H. pylori infection. Specifically, treatment with BCF-01 effectively restored gastric microecology and improved H. pylori-mediated mucosal barrier destruction while reducing inflammation through inhibition of the TLR4-NFκB-pyroptosis signaling pathway in macrophages. BCF-01 is a promising alternative to traditional triple therapy for H. pylori infections, offering minimal side effects with high suitability for high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyu Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wendan Li
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshi Deng
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jixiang Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunshui Cheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanwen Huang
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Shan
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daixuan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Inst. of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weisen Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Inst. of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongying Fan
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical, Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Pazos-Rojas LA, Cuellar-Sánchez A, Romero-Cerón AL, Rivera-Urbalejo A, Van Dillewijn P, Luna-Vital DA, Muñoz-Rojas J, Morales-García YE, Bustillos-Cristales MDR. The Viable but Non-Culturable (VBNC) State, a Poorly Explored Aspect of Beneficial Bacteria. Microorganisms 2023; 12:39. [PMID: 38257865 PMCID: PMC10818521 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Many bacteria have the ability to survive in challenging environments; however, they cannot all grow on standard culture media, a phenomenon known as the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. Bacteria commonly enter the VBNC state under nutrient-poor environments or under stressful conditions. This review explores the concept of the VBNC state, providing insights into the beneficial bacteria known to employ this strategy. The investigation covers different chemical and physical factors that can induce the latency state, cell features, and gene expression observed in cells in the VBNC state. The review also covers the significance and applications of beneficial bacteria, methods of evaluating bacterial viability, the ability of bacteria to persist in environments associated with higher organisms, and the factors that facilitate the return to the culturable state. Knowledge about beneficial bacteria capable of entering the VBNC state remains limited; however, beneficial bacteria in this state could face adverse environmental conditions and return to a culturable state when the conditions become suitable and continue to exert their beneficial effects. Likewise, this unique feature positions them as potential candidates for healthcare applications, such as the use of probiotic bacteria to enhance human health, applications in industrial microbiology for the production of prebiotics and functional foods, and in the beer and wine industry. Moreover, their use in formulations to increase crop yields and for bacterial bioremediation offers an alternative pathway to harness their beneficial attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Abisaí Pazos-Rojas
- Faculty of Stomatology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla (BUAP), Puebla 72570, Mexico; (L.A.P.-R.); (A.R.-U.)
- Monterrey Institute of Technology, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64700, Mexico; (A.C.-S.); (A.L.R.-C.); (D.A.L.-V.)
| | - Alma Cuellar-Sánchez
- Monterrey Institute of Technology, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64700, Mexico; (A.C.-S.); (A.L.R.-C.); (D.A.L.-V.)
| | - Ana Laura Romero-Cerón
- Monterrey Institute of Technology, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64700, Mexico; (A.C.-S.); (A.L.R.-C.); (D.A.L.-V.)
| | - América Rivera-Urbalejo
- Faculty of Stomatology, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla (BUAP), Puebla 72570, Mexico; (L.A.P.-R.); (A.R.-U.)
| | - Pieter Van Dillewijn
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain;
| | - Diego Armando Luna-Vital
- Monterrey Institute of Technology, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64700, Mexico; (A.C.-S.); (A.L.R.-C.); (D.A.L.-V.)
| | - Jesús Muñoz-Rojas
- Ecology and Survival of Microorganisms Group, Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Ecology (LEMM), Center for Research in Microbiological Sciences, Institute of Sciences, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla (BUAP), Puebla 72570, Mexico;
| | - Yolanda Elizabeth Morales-García
- Ecology and Survival of Microorganisms Group, Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Ecology (LEMM), Center for Research in Microbiological Sciences, Institute of Sciences, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla (BUAP), Puebla 72570, Mexico;
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla (BUAP), Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - María del Rocío Bustillos-Cristales
- Ecology and Survival of Microorganisms Group, Laboratory of Microbial Molecular Ecology (LEMM), Center for Research in Microbiological Sciences, Institute of Sciences, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla (BUAP), Puebla 72570, Mexico;
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Majeed M, Nagabhushanam K, Mundkur L, Paulose S, Divakar H, Rao S, Arumugam S. Probiotic modulation of gut microbiota by Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 in healthy subjects: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33751. [PMID: 37335737 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics are known to rebalance the gut microbiota in dysbiotic individuals, but their impact on the gut microbiome of healthy individuals is seldom studied. The current study is designed to assess the impact and safety of Bacillus coagulans (Weizmannia coagulans) microbial type culture collection 5856 (LactoSpore®) supplementation on microbiota composition in healthy Indian adults. METHODS The study participants (N = 30) received either LactoSpore (2 billion colony-forming units/capsule) or placebo for 28 days. The general and digestive health were assessed through questionnaires and safety by monitoring adverse events. Taxonomic profiling of the fecal samples was carried out by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The bacterial persistence was enumerated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Gut health, general health, and blood biochemical parameters remained normal in all the participants. No adverse events were reported during the study. Metataxonomic analysis revealed minimal changes to the gut microbiome of otherwise healthy subjects and balance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes was maintained by LactoSpore. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria like Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Megasphaera, and Ruminococcus showed an increase in probiotic-supplemented individuals. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed highly variable numbers of B. coagulans in feces before and after the study. CONCLUSION The present study results suggest that LactoSpore is safe for consumption and does not alter the gut microbiome of healthy individuals. Minor changes in a few bacterial species may have a beneficial outcome in healthy individuals. The results reiterate the safety of B. coagulans microbial type culture collection 5856 as a dietary supplement and provide a rationale to explore its effect on gut microbiome composition in individuals with dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Majeed
- Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Sabinsa Corporation, East Windsor, NJ
| | | | | | - Shaji Paulose
- Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Hema Divakar
- Divakars Speciality Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudha Rao
- Genotypic Technology Private Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Majeed M, Nagabhushanam K, Paulose S, Arumugam S, Mundkur L. The effects of Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 on functional gas and bloating in adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33109. [PMID: 36862903 PMCID: PMC9982755 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiome dysbiosis is a major cause of abdominal gas, bloating, and distension. Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 (LactoSpore) is a spore-forming, thermostable, lactic acid-producing probiotic that has numerous health benefits. We evaluated the effect of Lacto Spore on improving the clinical symptoms of functional gas and bloating in healthy adults. METHODS Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study at hospitals in southern India. Seventy adults with functional gas and bloating with a gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS) indigestion score ≥ 5 were randomized to receive B coagulans MTCC 5856 (2 billion spores/day, N = 35) or placebo (N = 35) for 4 weeks. Changes in the GSRS-Indigestion subscale score for gas and bloating and global evaluation of patient's scores from screening to the final visit were the primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes were Bristol stool analysis, brain fog questionnaire, changes in other GSRS subscales, and safety. RESULTS Two participants from each group withdrew from the study and 66 participants (n = 33 in each group) completed the study. The GSRS indigestion scores changed significantly (P < .001) in the probiotic group (8.91-3.06; P < .001) compared to the placebo (9.42-8.43; P = .11). The median global evaluation of patient's scores was significantly better (P < .001) in the probiotic group (3.0-9.0) than in the placebo group (3.0-4.0) at the end of the study. The cumulative GSRS score, excluding the indigestion subscale, decreased from 27.82 to 4.42% (P < .001) in the probiotic group and 29.12 to 19.33% (P < .001) in the placebo group. The Bristol stool type improved to normal in both the groups. No adverse events or significant changes were observed in clinical parameters throughout the trial period. CONCLUSIONS Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 may be a potential supplement to reduce gastrointestinal symptoms in adults with abdominal gas and distension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Majeed
- Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Karnataka, India
- Sabinsa Corporation, NJ
| | | | | | | | - Lakshmi Mundkur
- Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, Karnataka, India
- * Correspondence: Lakshmi Mundkur, Sami-Sabinsa Group Limited, 19/1& 19/2, I Main, II Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, Karnataka 560 058, India (e-mail: )
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Styková E, Nemcová R, Maďar M, Bujňáková D, Mucha R, Gancarčíková S, Requena Domenech F. Antibiofilm Activity of Weissella spp. and Bacillus coagulans Isolated from Equine Skin against Staphylococcus aureus. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:2135. [PMID: 36556500 PMCID: PMC9787530 DOI: 10.3390/life12122135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of Weissella cibaria, Weissella hellenica and Bacillus coagulans, isolated from equine skin, against biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus CCM 4223 and clinical isolate methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Non-neutralized cell-free supernatants (nnCFS) of tested skin isolates completely inhibited the growth and biofilm formation of S. aureus strains and caused dispersion of the 24 h preformed biofilm in the range of 21-90%. The majority of the pH-neutralized cell-free supernatants (nCFS) of skin isolates inhibited the biofilm formation of both S. aureus strains in the range of 20-100%. The dispersion activity of B. coagulans nCFS ranged from 17 to 77% and was significantly lower than that of nnCFS, except for B. coagulans 3T27 against S. aureus CCM 4223. Changes in the growth of S. aureus CCM 4223 in the presence of catalase- or trypsin-treated W. hellenica 4/2D23 and W. cibaria 4/8D37 nCFS indicated the role of peroxides and/or bacteriocin in their antimicrobial activities. For the first time, the presence of the fenD gene, associated with biosurfactants production, was detected in B. coagulans. The results of this study showed that selected isolates may have the potential for the prevention and treatment of biofilm-forming S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Styková
- Clinic of Horses, University Veterinary Hospital, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Radomíra Nemcová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marián Maďar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Dobroslava Bujňáková
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Rastislav Mucha
- Institute of Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Soňa Gancarčíková
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia
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Shi Q, Yang C, Zhang B, Chen D, Lu F, Zhao H. Bacillus coagulans Alleviates Intestinal Damage Induced by TiO2 Nanoparticles in Mice on a High-Fat Diet. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213368. [PMID: 36359981 PMCID: PMC9655532 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are generally added in considerable amounts to food as a food additive. Oral exposure to TiO2 NPs could induce intestinal damage, especially in obese individuals with a high-fat diet. The probiotic Bacillus coagulans (B. coagulans) exhibits good resistance in the gastrointestinal system and is beneficial to intestinal health. In this study, B. coagulans was used to treat intestinal damage caused by TiO2 NPs in high-fat-diet mice via two intervention methods: administration of TiO2 NPs and B. coagulans simultaneously and administration of TiO2 NPs followed by that of B. coagulans. The intervention with B. coagulans was found to reduce the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. A 16S rDNA sequencing analysis revealed that B. coagulans had increased the diversity of gut microbiota and optimized the composition of gut microbiota. Fecal metabolomics analysis indicated that B. coagulans had restored the homeostasis of sphingolipids and amino acid metabolism. The intervention strategy of administering TiO2 NPs followed by B. coagulans was found to be more effective. In conclusion, B. coagulans could alleviate intestinal damage induced by TiO2 NPs in high-fat-diet mice TiO2B. coagulans. Our results suggest a new avenue for interventions against intestinal damage induced by TiO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingying Shi
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 9 TEDA 13th Street, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 9 TEDA 13th Street, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Bingjie Zhang
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 9 TEDA 13th Street, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Dongxiao Chen
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 9 TEDA 13th Street, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Fuping Lu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 9 TEDA 13th Street, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Huabing Zhao
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 9 TEDA 13th Street, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300450, China
- Correspondence:
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Muñoz Pabon KS, Hoyos Concha JL, Solanilla Duque JF. Quinoa extruded snacks with probiotics: Physicochemical and sensory properties. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.935425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of probiotic foods has grown rapidly, and these are generally found in dairy matrices where their growth is favored. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a new probiotic snack made from quinoa and added with spore-forming probiotic bacteria in two concentrations of 0.3 and 0.35%. The probiotic was added by spraying, after the extrusion process, together with salt and oil, at 70°C under dry conditions. Bacterial viability, resistance to simulated gastric juice, physical, chemical, and sensory tests were then evaluated during 120 days of storage at room temperature (20°C) and compared to a controlled snack without probiotic. The probiotic Bacillus coagulans was tested for the molecular identification and inhibition of pathogenic bacteria. Viability assessment was remained above 107 CFU/g of snacks. The intestinal tract simulation resistance test showed a viability of 70%. The physicochemical and sensory properties evaluated had no significant changes during storage time compared to control snack. The results of the taxonomic analysis indicate that the analyzed strain has, on average, 98% identity in 98% of its length belonging to Bacillus coagulans and Bacillus badius species. The probiotic showed inhibition against pathogenic bacteria. The new snack with probiotic is stable during storage.
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Guzman-Cole C, García-Ojeda ME. An Upper-Division, Remote Microbiology Laboratory That Blends Virtual and Hands-on Components to Promote Student Success during the COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOLOGY EDUCATION 2022; 23:e00328-21. [PMID: 36061324 PMCID: PMC9429930 DOI: 10.1128/jmbe.00328-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 shutdown forced many institutions of higher education to shift in-person teaching to emergency remote teaching. This was particularly challenging for laboratory courses, where students are expected to learn hands-on skills needed for their career goals. Here, we describe the transformation of an upper-division microbiology laboratory to a course that seamlessly integrates online simulations with safe, hands-on experiences that can be done from home. This blended lab course helped students attain learning outcomes similar to those achieved in the in-person class. We illustrate the implementation of Unknown Portfolios to help students gain the data analysis and critical thinking skills needed to identify an unknown microorganism. Our data show that students who took these online courses mastered material as well as students who took the lab in person, demonstrating proficiency in laboratory safety skills, hands-on techniques, and theoretical class content. Last, we explore online adaptations to enhance in-person lab classes, aiming at reducing the accessibility and equity gaps inherited in many courses, as well as discussing challenges that instructors might experience in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace Guzman-Cole
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, USA
| | - Marcos E. García-Ojeda
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, Merced, California, USA
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Abstract
Kombucha is a carbonated, slightly acidic beverage traditionally produced by the fermentation of sweetened tea by a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). The microbial community of kombucha is a complex one, whose dynamics are still not fully understood; however, the emergence of culture-independent techniques has allowed a more comprehensive insight into kombucha microbiota. In recent times, advancements have been made towards the optimisation of the fermentation process, including the use of alternative substrates, defined starter cultures and the modification of fermentation parameters, with the aim of producing an innovative beverage that is improved in terms of its physiochemical, sensory and bioactive properties. The global kombucha market is rapidly increasing, with the rising popularity of the tea attributed in part to its purported health benefits, despite the lack of research in human subjects to substantiate such claims. Accordingly, the incidence of kombucha home-brewing has increased, meaning there is a requirement for individuals to recognise the potential hazards associated with fermentation and the relevant preventative measures to be undertaken to ensure the safe preparation of kombucha. The aim of this review is to provide an update regarding the current knowledge of kombucha production, microbiology, safety and marketing.
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Identification and characterization of Bacillus coagulans strains for probiotic activity and safety. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Lavrentev FV, Ashikhmina MS, Ulasevich SA, Morozova OV, Orlova OY, Skorb EV, Iakovchenko NV. Perspectives of Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 in the production of fermented dairy products. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Majeed M, Majeed S, Arumugam S, Ali F, Beede K. Comparative evaluation for thermostability and gastrointestinal survival of probiotic Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:962-971. [PMID: 33580694 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Thermal stability (D-value and pasteurization) and gastric acid resistance of spore forming and nonspore forming probiotic strains were evaluated in this study. Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 spores showed highest thermal resistance (D-value 35.71 at 90 °C) when compared with other Bacillus strains and Lactobacillus species. B. coagulans strains exhibited significantly higher resistance to simulated gastric juice (pH 1.3, 1.5, and 2.0) compared to Lactobacillus strains. It also showed high resistance to cooking conditions of chapati (whole wheat flour-based flatbread) (88.94% viability) and wheat noodles (and 94.56% viability), suggesting remarkable thermal resistance during food processing. Furthermore, B. coagulans MTCC 5856 retained 73% viability after microwave cooking conditions (300 s, at 260 °C) and 98.52% in milk and juice at pasteurization temperature (420 min, at 72 °C). Thus, B. coagulans MTCC 5856 clearly demonstrated excellent resistance to gastric acid and high temperature (90 °C), thereby suggesting its extended application in functional foods (milk, fruit juices, chapati, and wheat noodles) wherein high temperature processing is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited, 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Sabinsa Corporation, 750 Innovation Circle, Payson, UT, USA
| | - Shaheen Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited, 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Sabinsa Corporation, 750 Innovation Circle, Payson, UT, USA
| | - Sivakumar Arumugam
- Sami Labs Limited, 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Furqan Ali
- Sami Labs Limited, 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kirankumar Beede
- Sami Labs Limited, 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Ma S, Cao J, Liliu R, Li N, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W, Zhai Q. Effects of Bacillus coagulans as an adjunct starter culture on yogurt quality and storage. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:7466-7479. [PMID: 33896630 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus coagulans has been widely studied for its probiotic properties. Therefore, identifying a strain that can be used as an adjunct starter culture for yogurt production would have commercial value. In this study, 30 B. coagulans strains were isolated from vegetable samples from 11 provinces or autonomous regions in China, and their pan-genomic and phylogenetic characteristics were analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis categorized 30 strains into 4 different subphylotypes, including subtype I (11 isolates), subtype II (7 isolates), subtype III (11 isolates), and subtype IV (1 isolate). Four B. coagulans strains (B. coagulans-70, B. coagulans-78, B. coagulans-79, and B. coagulans-100) were randomly selected from each subphylotype of the phylogenetic tree as adjunct starter cultures. Compared with the other tested strains, B. coagulans-70 showed the highest count in yogurt at the end of the manufacturing period. Comparative genome analysis indicated that the different bacterial levels of B. coagulans strains in yogurt may be associated with the abundance of genes related to carbohydrate transport and metabolism (e.g., sucrose utilization). Finally, differences in texture and volatile flavor compound profiles were observed between the yogurt samples. Compared with the other groups, the addition of B. coagulans-70 exerted a positive effect on the appearance and texture of yogurt products. Volatile analysis showed increased quantities of 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, amyl alcohol, and 2-hydroxy-3-pentanone in the B. coagulans-70 group compared with control yogurts. These results above combined with the results of a sensory evaluation indicated that B. coagulans-70 is the most suitable strain for further use in functional dairy product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Jiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Ruolan Liliu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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Manzoor M, Sharma V, Singh D, Sohal JS, Aseri GK, Khare N, Vij S, Saroop J, Sharma D. Functional Pediococcus acidilactici BC1 for the revitalization of ethnic black carrot kanji of indian subcontinent. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Skin Protective Activity of LactoSporin-the Extracellular Metabolite from Bacillus Coagulans MTCC 5856. COSMETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics7040076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Probiotics and their products are increasingly used in skincare in recent years. Postbiotics are defined as any substance derived through the metabolic activity of a probiotic microorganism, which exerts a direct or indirect beneficial effect on the host. The extracellular metabolites of probiotic bacteria have antimicrobial activities, protect against acne, and improve skin condition. We studied skin protective activities of the extracellular metabolite (LactoSporin) of a spore-forming probiotic Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 in vitro. Methods: LactoSporin was evaluated for antioxidant activity by free radical scavenging activity and reactive oxygen quenching activity in human dermal fibroblast cells. Protection of fibroblasts from UV-induced apoptosis and cell death was studied by flow cytometry and neutral red uptake assays. Enzyme inhibition assays were carried out for collagenase, Elastase, and Hyaluronidase. Gene expression studies were carried out using polymerase chain reaction. Results: LactoSporin showed antioxidant activity and was found to protect skin cells from UV-induced apoptosis and cell death. LactoSporin inhibited collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase activity and upregulated the expression of hyaluronan synthase, transforming growth factor and epidermal growth factor, which are associated with extracellular matrix integrity. Conclusions: These results suggest LactoSporin is a skin protective postbiotic with wide application in cosmetic formulations.
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Liang X, Lv Y, Zhang Z, Yi H, Liu T, Li R, Yu Z, Zhang L. Study on intestinal survival and cholesterol metabolism of probiotics. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zhou Y, Zeng Z, Xu Y, Ying J, Wang B, Majeed M, Majeed S, Pande A, Li W. Application of Bacillus coagulans in Animal Husbandry and Its Underlying Mechanisms. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10030454. [PMID: 32182789 PMCID: PMC7143728 DOI: 10.3390/ani10030454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Probiotics, a kind of feed additive, are widely used in animal husbandry and the effects are quite positive. Many strains of Bacillus spp. are currently used as probiotic dietary supplements in animal feeds. Bacillus coagulans, a probiotic with good application prospects, piqued our strong interest. In this review, information on Bacillus coagulans in scientific research and production practices is summarized. Abstract In recent decades, probiotics have attracted widespread attention and their application in healthcare and animal husbandry has been promising. Among many probiotics, Bacillus coagulans (B. coagulans) has become a key player in the field of probiotics in recent years. It has been demonstrated to be involved in regulating the balance of the intestinal microbiota, promoting metabolism and utilization of nutrients, improving immunity, and more importantly, it also has good industrial properties such as high temperature resistance, acid resistance, bile resistance, and the like. This review highlights the effects of B. coagulans in animal husbandry and its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (B.W.)
| | - Zihan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (B.W.)
| | - Yibin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (B.W.)
| | - Jiafu Ying
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (B.W.)
| | - Baikui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (B.W.)
| | - Muhammed Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka 560058, India;
- Sabinsa Corporation, East Windsor, NJ 08520, USA; (S.M.); (A.P.)
- Sabinsa Corporation, Payson, UT 84651, USA
| | - Shaheen Majeed
- Sabinsa Corporation, East Windsor, NJ 08520, USA; (S.M.); (A.P.)
- Sabinsa Corporation, Payson, UT 84651, USA
| | - Anurag Pande
- Sabinsa Corporation, East Windsor, NJ 08520, USA; (S.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Weifen Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.Z.); (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (B.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13107728728
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Mazruei Arani N, Emam-Djomeh Z, Asemi Z, Tavakolipour H, Sharafati Chaleshtori R, Alizadeh SA. Physiochemical and microbial properties of honey containing heat-resistant Bacillus coagulans T11. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Majeed A, Majeed M, Thajuddin N, Arumugam S, Ali F, Beede K, Adams SJ, Gnanamani M. Bioconversion of curcumin into calebin-A by the endophytic fungus Ovatospora brasiliensis EPE-10 MTCC 25236 associated with Curcuma caesia. AMB Express 2019; 9:79. [PMID: 31144200 PMCID: PMC6541684 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0802-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Calebin-A is a curcuminoid compound reported to be present in Curcuma longa rhizome. The current study was aimed to isolate and characterize calebin-A from Curcuma caesia rhizome and its production through biotransformation approach using endophytic fungus. C. caesia rhizomes of different ages were subjected to analysis in order to investigate the age at which maximum calebin-A content is present. HP-TLC profiles, HPLC retention times and mass spectrometry detector confirmed the occurrence of calebin-A in C. caesia rhizomes of 12 to 14 months of age but not in rhizomes younger to 12 months. Furthermore, an endophytic fungus strain, EPE-10 that was isolated from the medicinal plant C. caesia was identified as Ovatospora brasiliensis based on morphological and molecular characteristics. This strain O. brasiliensis was deposited to the culture collected centre, MTCC Chandigarh, India under the Budapest treaty and was designated with the Accession Number MTCC 25236. Biotransformation process was carried out at 37 ± 0.5 °C with shaking for 7 days after addition of 0.01% w/v curcumin. Extraction of biotransformed products was done by following partition method and the extracts obtained were analyzed using HPTLC, HPLC and LCMS. The data of the study suggested that O. brasiliensis MTCC 25236 was found to convert curcumin to calebin-A in a time dependant manner with optimum conversion at 48 h. Furthermore, O. brasiliensis MTCC 25236 was found to be positive for the Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMOs) enzyme activity which could possibly be the mechanism of this bioconversion. The results of this study for the first time indicated that the endophytic fungus identified as O. brasiliensis MTCC 25236 isolated from the C. caesia rhizome could be a possible source for naturally producing calebin-A.
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Zhang Y, Zhao C, Ni Z, Shao M, Han M, Huang D, Liu F. Heterologous expression and biochemical characterization of a thermostable xylulose kinase from Bacillus coagulans IPE22. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 59:542-551. [PMID: 30747439 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Xylulose kinase is an important enzyme involved in xylose metabolism, which is considered as essential biocatalyst for sustainable lignocellulosic-derived pentose utilization. Bacillus coagulans IPE22 is an ideal bacterium for refinery due to its strong ability to ferment xylose at high temperature. However, the B. coagulans xylose utilization mechanism remains unclear and the related promising enzymes need to be developed. In the present study, the gene coding for xylulose kinase from B. coagulans IPE22 (Bc-XK) was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Bc-XK has a 1536 bp open reading frame, encoding a protein of 511 amino acids (56.15 kDa). Multiple sequence alignments were performed and a phylogenetic tree was built to evaluate differences among Bc-XK and other bacteria homologs. Bc-XK showed a broad adaptability to high temperature and the enzyme displayed its best performance at pH 8.0 and 60 °C. Bc-XK was activated by Mg2+ , Mn2+ , and Co2+ . Meanwhile, the enzyme could keep activity at 60 °C for at least 180 min. KM values of Bc-XK for xylulose and ATP were 1.29 mM and 0.76 mM, respectively. The high temperature stability of Bc-XK implied that it was an attractive candidate for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | | | - Zhihua Ni
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Menghua Shao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Mengying Han
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Dawei Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Fengsong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Probiotic Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 spores exhibit excellent in-vitro functional efficacy in simulated gastric survival, mucosal adhesion and immunomodulation. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Majeed M, Majeed S, Nagabhushanam K, Arumugam S, Beede K, Ali F. Evaluation of probiotic Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 viability after tea and coffee brewing and its growth in GIT hostile environment. Food Res Int 2018; 121:497-505. [PMID: 31108774 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, probiotic functional foods have gained quite a popularity and become a preferred choice among consumers, due to their positive effects on the gut microbiota and overall health. However, it is imperative for a probiotic strain to remain live and active at the time of consumption in high enough population density, in order to provide such health benefits. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 spore stability after tea and coffee brewing and its subsequent growth in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) hostile environment. B. coagulans MTCC 5856 showed remarkable survival (94.94% and 99.76% in unroasted green coffee and tea, respectively) after brewing conditions and was able to grow in GIT hostile conditions using tea and coffee as a sole nutritional source. B. coagulans MTCC 5856 inclusion in tea and coffee after brewing did not significantly (P > .05) alter the sensory profile when compared to that without the probiotic inclusion. Moreover, B. coagulans MTCC 5856 growth was significantly (P < .05) higher when water soluble fibers were added during brewing, suggesting a synergistic property. It showed over 99% viability (P > .05) in tea and coffee powder at room temperature up to 24 months of storage. This study demonstrated the stability of the tested probiotic strain B. coagulans MTCC 5856 after tea and coffee brewing and its growth in GIT hostile environment, thereby suggesting functional probiotic use in tea and coffee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited, 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore 560 058, Karnataka, India; Sabinsa Corporation, 20 Lake Drive, East Windsor, NJ 08520, USA; Sabinsa Corporation, 750 Innovation Circle, Payson, UT 84651, USA
| | - Shaheen Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited, 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore 560 058, Karnataka, India; Sabinsa Corporation, 20 Lake Drive, East Windsor, NJ 08520, USA; Sabinsa Corporation, 750 Innovation Circle, Payson, UT 84651, USA
| | | | - Sivakumar Arumugam
- Sami Labs Limited, 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore 560 058, Karnataka, India
| | - Kirankumar Beede
- Sami Labs Limited, 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore 560 058, Karnataka, India
| | - Furqan Ali
- Sami Labs Limited, 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore 560 058, Karnataka, India.
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Majeed M, Majeed S, Nagabhushanam K, Arumugam S, Beede K, Ali F. Evaluation of thein vitrocholesterol-lowering activity of the probiotic strainBacillus coagulansMTCC 5856. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited; 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore 560 058 Karnataka India
- Sabinsa Corporation; 20 Lake Drive East Windsor NJ 08520 USA
- Sabinsa Corporation; 750 Innovation Circle Payson UT 84651 USA
| | - Shaheen Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited; 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore 560 058 Karnataka India
- Sabinsa Corporation; 20 Lake Drive East Windsor NJ 08520 USA
- Sabinsa Corporation; 750 Innovation Circle Payson UT 84651 USA
| | | | - Sivakumar Arumugam
- Sami Labs Limited; 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore 560 058 Karnataka India
| | - Kirankumar Beede
- Sami Labs Limited; 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore 560 058 Karnataka India
| | - Furqan Ali
- Sami Labs Limited; 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore 560 058 Karnataka India
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Majeed M, Nagabhushanam K, Arumugam S, Majeed S, Ali F. Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 for the management of major depression with irritable bowel syndrome: a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, multi-centre, pilot clinical study. Food Nutr Res 2018; 62:1218. [PMID: 29997457 PMCID: PMC6034030 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v62.1218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The modification of microbial ecology in human gut by supplementing probiotics may be an alternative strategy to ameliorate or prevent depression. OBJECTIVE The current study was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of the probiotic strain Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 for major depressive disorder (MDD) in IBS patients. METHOD Patients (n = 40) diagnosed for MDD with IBS were randomized (1:1) to receive placebo or B. coagulans MTCC 5856 at a daily dose of 2 × 109 cfu (2 billion spores) and were maintained to the end of double-blind treatment (90 days). Changes from baseline in clinical symptoms of MDD and IBS were evaluated through questionnaires. RESULTS Significant change (p = 0.01) in favour of the B. coagulans MTCC 5856 was observed for the primary efficacy measure Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and Irritable bowel syndrome quality of life questionnaire (IBS-QOL). Secondary efficacy measures i.e. Clinical Global Impression-Improvement rating Scale (CGI-I), Clinical Global Impression Severity rating Scale (CGI-S), Gastrointestinal Discomfort Questionnaire (GI-DQ) and Modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale (mESS) also showed significant results (p = 0.01) in B. coagulans MTCC 5856 group compared to placebo group except dementia total reaction scoring. Serum myeloperoxidase, an inflammatory biomarker was also significantly reduced (p < 0.01) when compared with the baseline and end of the study. All the safety parameters remained well within the normal clinical range and had no clinically significant difference between the screening and at the end of the study. CONCLUSION B. coagulans MTCC 5856 showed robust efficacy for the treatment of patients experiencing IBS symptoms with major depressive disorder. The improvement in depression and IBS symptoms was statistically significant and clinically meaningful. These findings support B. coagulans MTCC 5856 as an important new treatment option for major depressive disorder in IBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Sabinsa Corporation, East Windsor, NJ, USA
- Sabinsa Corporation, Payson, UT, USA
- ClinWorld Private Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Shaheen Majeed
- Sabinsa Corporation, East Windsor, NJ, USA
- Sabinsa Corporation, Payson, UT, USA
| | - Furqan Ali
- Sami Labs Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Majeed M, Majeed S, Nagabhushanam K, Arumugam S, Natarajan S, Beede K, Ali F. Galactomannan from Trigonella foenum- graecum L. seed: Prebiotic application and its fermentation by the probiotic Bacillus coagulans strain MTCC 5856. Food Sci Nutr 2018; 6:666-673. [PMID: 29876118 PMCID: PMC5980318 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Health benefits of dietary fibers are currently being widely recognized. However, the assessment of dietary fiber as a prebiotic is essential and also important for the development of an improved synbiotic commercial preparation. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of galactomannan extracted from fenugreek seeds as a prebiotic fiber and also its fermentation by the probiotic strain Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856. Nondigestibility by the gastric acid and pancreatic enzyme hydrolysis of galactomannan were determined using an in vitro model mimicking the in vivo conditions. Further, anaerobic fermentation and utilization of galactomannan by the B. coagulans MTCC 5856 was investigated followed by selective inhibition of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. The galactomannan from fenugreek seeds was found to be nondigestible to gastric acid and also to pancreatic enzymatic hydrolysis. The galactomannan was fermented and utilized (71.4%) by the B. coagulans MTCC 5856, and also significant amount of short-chain fatty acids production was also observed. Furthermore, B. coagulans MTCC 5856 inhibited the E. coli ATCC 25922 growth when cocultured with galactomannan suggesting competitive fermentation of probiotic bacteria. Galactomannan exhibited prebiotic activity and also showed suitability with probiotic B. coagulans MTCC 5856 in a synbiotic combination. This study provides the first scientific evidence of galactomannan from fenugreek seeds as a prebiotic that may play an important role in modulating gut flora by acting as substrate to beneficial microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Majeed
- Sami Labs LimitedBangaloreKarnatakaIndia
- Sabinsa CorporationEast WindsorNJUSA
| | - Shaheen Majeed
- Sami Labs LimitedBangaloreKarnatakaIndia
- Sabinsa CorporationEast WindsorNJUSA
- Sabinsa CorporationPaysonUTUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Furqan Ali
- Sami Labs LimitedBangaloreKarnatakaIndia
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Vecchione A, Celandroni F, Mazzantini D, Senesi S, Lupetti A, Ghelardi E. Compositional Quality and Potential Gastrointestinal Behavior of Probiotic Products Commercialized in Italy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:59. [PMID: 29564327 PMCID: PMC5845905 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent guidelines indicate that oral probiotics, living microorganisms able to confer a health benefit on the host, should be safe for human consumption, when administered in a sufficient amount, and resist acid and bile to exert their beneficial effects (e.g., metabolic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, competitive). This study evaluated quantitative and qualitative aspects and the viability in simulated gastric and intestinal juices of commercial probiotic formulations available in Italy. Plate counting and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry were used to enumerate and identify the contained organisms. In vitro studies with two artificial gastric juices and pancreatin-bile salt solution were performed to gain information on the gastric tolerance and bile resistance of the probiotic formulations. Most preparations satisfied the requirements for probiotics and no contaminants were found. Acid resistance and viability in bile were extremely variable depending on the composition of the formulations in terms of contained species and strains. In conclusion, this study indicates good microbiological quality but striking differences in the behavior in the presence of acids and bile for probiotic formulations marketed in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Vecchione
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Celandroni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Diletta Mazzantini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sonia Senesi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Lupetti
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Emilia Ghelardi
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy,Research Center Nutraceuticals and Food for Health-Nutrafood, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy,*Correspondence: Emilia Ghelardi,
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Majeed M, Majeed S, Nagabhushanam K, Punnapuzha A, Philip S, Mundkur L. Rapid assessment of viable but non-culturable Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 in commercial formulations using Flow cytometry. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192836. [PMID: 29474436 PMCID: PMC5825061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate enumeration of bacterial count in probiotic formulation is imperative to ensure that the product adheres to regulatory standards and citation in consumer product label. Standard methods like plate count, can enumerate only replicating bacterial population under selected culture conditions. Viable but non culturable bacteria (VBNC) retain characteristics of living cells and can regain cultivability by a process known as resuscitation. This is a protective mechanism adapted by bacteria to evade stressful environmental conditions. B. coagulans MTCC 5856(LactoSpore®) is a probiotic endospore which can survive for decades in hostile environments without dividing. In the present study, we explored the use of flow cytometry to enumerate the viable count of B. coagulans MTCC 5856 under acidic and alkaline conditions, high temperature and in commercial formulations like compressed tablets and capsules. Flow cytometry (FCM) was comparable to plate count method when the spores were counted at physiological conditions. We show that VBNC state is induced in B. coagulans MTCC 5856by high temperature and acidic pH. The cells get resuscitated under physiological conditions and FCM was sensitive to detect the VBNC spores. Flow cytometry showed excellent ability to assess the viable spore count in commercial probiotic formulations of B. coagulans MTCC 5856. The results establish Flow cytometry as a reliable method to count viable bacteria in commercial probiotic preparations. Sporulation as well as existence as VBNC could contribute to the extreme stability of B. coagulans MTCC 5856.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Sabinsa Corporation, Payson, UT, United States of America
| | - Shaheen Majeed
- Sabinsa Corporation, Payson, UT, United States of America
| | | | - Ardra Punnapuzha
- Biological Research Department, Sami Labs Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sheena Philip
- Biological Research Department, Sami Labs Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Lakshmi Mundkur
- Biological Research Department, Sami Labs Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- * E-mail:
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Majeed M, Nagabhushanam K, Arumugam S, Natarajan S, Majeed S, Pande A, Beede K, Ali F. Cranberry seed fibre: a promising prebiotic fibre and its fermentation by the probiotic Bacillus coagulans
MTCC 5856. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited; 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore 560 058 Karnataka India
- Sabinsa Corporation; 20 Lake Drive East Windsor NJ 08520 USA
- Sabinsa Corporation; 750 Innovation Circle Payson UT 84651 USA
| | | | - Sivakumar Arumugam
- Sami Labs Limited; 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore 560 058 Karnataka India
| | - Sankaran Natarajan
- Sami Labs Limited; 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore 560 058 Karnataka India
| | - Shaheen Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited; 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore 560 058 Karnataka India
- Sabinsa Corporation; 20 Lake Drive East Windsor NJ 08520 USA
- Sabinsa Corporation; 750 Innovation Circle Payson UT 84651 USA
| | - Anurag Pande
- Sabinsa Corporation; 20 Lake Drive East Windsor NJ 08520 USA
| | - Kirankumar Beede
- Sami Labs Limited; 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore 560 058 Karnataka India
| | - Furqan Ali
- Sami Labs Limited; 19/1, 19/2, First Main, Second Phase, Peenya Industrial Area Bangalore 560 058 Karnataka India
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Selection of Bacillus species for targeted in situ release of prebiotic galacto-rhamnogalacturonan from potato pulp in piglets. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:3605-3615. [PMID: 28204884 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8176-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that galacto-rhamnogalacturonan fibers can be enzymatically extracted from potato pulp and that these fibers have potential for exerting a prebiotic effect in piglets. The spore-forming Bacillus species are widely used as probiotics in feed supplements for pigs. In this study, we evaluated the option for further functionalizing Bacillus feed supplements by selecting strains possessing the enzymes required for extraction of the potentially prebiotic fibers. We established that it would require production and secretion of pectin lyase and/or polygalacturonase but no or limited secretion of galactanase and β-galactosidase. By screening a library of 158 Bacillus species isolated from feces and soil, we demonstrated that especially strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus mojavensis have the necessary enzyme profile and thus the capability to degrade polygalacturonan. Using an in vitro porcine gastrointestinal model system, we revealed that specifically strains of B. mojavensis were able to efficiently release galacto-rhamnogalacturonan from potato pulp under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The work thus demonstrated the feasibility of producing prebiotic fibers via a feed containing Bacillus spores and potato pulp and identified candidates for future in vivo evaluation in piglets.
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Majeed M, Nagabhushanam K, Natarajan S, Sivakumar A, Ali F, Pande A, Majeed S, Karri SK. Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 supplementation in the management of diarrhea predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: a double blind randomized placebo controlled pilot clinical study. Nutr J 2016; 15:21. [PMID: 26922379 PMCID: PMC4769834 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-016-0140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 has been marketed as a dietary ingredient, but its efficacy in diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) condition has not been clinically elucidated till date. Thus, a double blind placebo controlled multi-centered trial was planned to evaluate the safety and efficacy of B. coagulans MTCC 5856 in diarrhea predominant IBS patients. METHODS Thirty six newly diagnosed diarrhea predominant IBS patients were enrolled in three clinical centres. Along with standard care of treatment, 18 patients in group one received placebo while in group two 18 patients received B. coagulans MTCC 5856 tablet containing 2 × 10(9) cfu/day as active for 90 days. Clinical symptoms of IBS were considered as primary end point measures and were evaluated through questionnaires. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used for abdominal pain. Physician's global assessment and IBS quality of life were considered as secondary efficacy measures and were monitored through questionnaires. RESULTS Laboratory parameters, anthropometric and vital signs were within the normal clinical range during the 90 days of supplementation in placebo and B. coagulans MTCC 5856 group. There was a significant decrease in the clinical symptoms like bloating, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and stool frequency in a patient group receiving B. coagulans MTCC 5856 when compared to placebo group (p < 0.01). Similarly, disease severity also decreased and the quality of life increased in the patient group receiving B. coagulans MTCC 5856 when compared to placebo group. CONCLUSIONS The study concluded that the B. coagulans MTCC 5856 at a dose of 2 × 10(9) cfu/day along with standard care of treatment was found to be safe and effective in diarrhea predominant IBS patients for 90 days of supplementation. Hence, B. coagulans MTCC 5856 could be a potential agent in the management of diarrhea predominant IBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Majeed
- Sami Labs Limited, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, 560 058, Karnataka, India
- Sabinsa Corporation, 20 Lake Drive, East Windsor, NJ, 08520, USA
| | | | - Sankaran Natarajan
- Sami Labs Limited, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, 560 058, Karnataka, India
| | - Arumugam Sivakumar
- Sami Labs Limited, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, 560 058, Karnataka, India
| | - Furqan Ali
- Sami Labs Limited, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, 560 058, Karnataka, India
| | - Anurag Pande
- Sabinsa Corporation, 20 Lake Drive, East Windsor, NJ, 08520, USA
| | - Shaheen Majeed
- Sabinsa Corporation, 750 Innovation Circle, Payson, UT, 84651, USA
| | - Suresh Kumar Karri
- ClinWorld Private Limited, # 19/1 & 19/2, I Main, II Phase, Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore, 560 058, Karnataka, India.
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