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Yuan Y, Zhu C, Wang Y, Sun J, Feng J, Ma Z, Li P, Peng W, Yin C, Xu G, Xu P, Jiang Y, Jiang Q, Shu G. α-Ketoglutaric acid ameliorates hyperglycemia in diabetes by inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis via serpina1e signaling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn2879. [PMID: 35507647 PMCID: PMC9067931 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn2879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we found that α-ketoglutaric acid (AKG) stimulates muscle hypertrophy and fat loss through 2-oxoglutarate receptor 1 (OXGR1). Here, we demonstrated the beneficial effects of AKG on glucose homeostasis in a diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model, which are independent of OXGR1. We also showed that AKG effectively decreased blood glucose and hepatic gluconeogenesis in DIO mice. By using transcriptomic and liver-specific serpina1e deletion mouse model, we further demonstrated that liver serpina1e is required for the inhibitory effects of AKG on hepatic gluconeogenesis. Mechanistically, we supported that extracellular AKG binds with a purinergic receptor, P2RX4, to initiate the solute carrier family 25 member 11 (SLC25A11)-dependent nucleus translocation of intracellular AKG and subsequently induces demethylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27) in the seprina1e promoter region to decrease hepatic gluconeogenesis. Collectively, these findings reveal an unexpected mechanism for control of hepatic gluconeogenesis using circulating AKG as a signal molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yexian Yuan
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Canjun Zhu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Yongliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jinlong Feng
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Zewei Ma
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Penglin Li
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Wentong Peng
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Cong Yin
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Guli Xu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Pingwen Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yuwei Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
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Guo L, Chen S, Ou L, Li S, Ye ZN, Liu HF. Disrupted Alpha-Ketoglutarate Homeostasis: Understanding Kidney Diseases from the View of Metabolism and Beyond. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:1961-1974. [PMID: 35783031 PMCID: PMC9248815 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s369090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is a key intermediate of various metabolic pathways including tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, anabolic and catabolic reactions of amino acids, and collagen biosynthesis. Meanwhile, AKG also participates in multiple signaling pathways related to cellular redox regulation, epigenetic processes, and inflammation response. Emerging evidence has shown that kidney diseases like diabetic nephropathy and renal ischemia/reperfusion injury are associated with metabolic disorders. In consistence with metabolic role of AKG, further metabolomics study demonstrated a dysregulated AKG level in kidney diseases. Intriguingly, earlier studies during the years of 1980s and 1990s indicated that AKG may benefit wound healing and surgery recovery. Recently, interests on AKG are arising again due to its protective roles on healthy ageing, which may shed light on developing novel therapeutic strategies against age-related diseases including renal diseases. This review will summarize the physiological and pathological properties of AKG, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms, with a special emphasis on kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shihua Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liping Ou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shangmei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Nan Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhen-Nan Ye; Hua-Feng Liu, Email ;
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, People’s Republic of China
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Stücker O, Pons C, Neuzillet Y, Laemmel E, Lebret T. Effects of adenosine monophosphate used in combination with L-arginine on female rabbit corpus cavernosum tissue. Sex Med 2014; 2:1-7. [PMID: 25356295 PMCID: PMC4184609 DOI: 10.1002/sm2.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sexual dysfunction is significantly more prevalent in women than in men. However, to date, no satisfactory oral treatment is yet available. Aim The aim of this study was to study the effects of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) alone or its combination with L-Arginine on the relaxation of the female rabbit corpus cavernosum. Methods Cylinder strips from the corporal body of the excised clitoris from female New Zealand White rabbits were incubated in Krebs solution. Phenylephrine (PE) precontraction was achieved, then the drugs AMP and L-Arginine were administered either independently or in sequential combinations to the strips under precontracted conditions. Main Outcome Measures Contraction percentages were compared. Results When precontraction was induced by PE 8 μM or 20 μM, AMP was shown to induce relaxation up to 25% in a dose-dependent manner. The relaxation induced by L-Arginine reached 15.6% at 5.10−4 M vs. 16.5% at AMP 5.10−4 M under the same experimental conditions. Nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine strongly inhibited the relaxing effect provoked by AMP, suggesting that the action mechanism of this nucleotide is related to the NO pathway. The combination of L-Arginine at 5.10−4 M with AMP at different doses ranging from 5.10−4 M to 10−3 M significantly amplified the relaxing response up to 40.7% and 58%, respectively. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that AMP induces a relaxing effect on the female rabbit corpora. They also show that L-Arginine and AMP can potentiate each other and that a synergistic effect can be obtained by their combined use. Because only slight differences exist between both sexes in response to NO donors and/or nucleotide purines or in their use together, it is very likely that close biochemical mechanisms, although not to the same degree and not quite similar, are involved in the engorgement of the penis and the clitoris of New Zealand White rabbits. Stücker O, Pons C, Neuzillet Y, Laemmel E, and Lebret T. Original research-sexual medicine: Effects of adenosine monophosphate used in combination with L-Arginine on female rabbit corpus cavernosum tissue. Sex Med 2014;2:1–7.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yann Neuzillet
- Department of Urology, Hôpital Foch, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) Suresnes, France
| | - Elisabeth Laemmel
- Laboratoire Etude Microcirculation, Université Denis Diderot Paris, France
| | - Thierry Lebret
- Department of Urology, Hôpital Foch, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) Suresnes, France
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Idzko M, Ferrari D, Riegel AK, Eltzschig HK. Extracellular nucleotide and nucleoside signaling in vascular and blood disease. Blood 2014; 124:1029-37. [PMID: 25001468 PMCID: PMC4133480 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-09-402560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotides and nucleosides-such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine-are famous for their intracellular roles as building blocks for the genetic code or cellular energy currencies. In contrast, their function in the extracellular space is different. Here, they are primarily known as signaling molecules via activation of purinergic receptors, classified as P1 receptors for adenosine or P2 receptors for ATP. Because extracellular ATP is rapidly converted to adenosine by ectonucleotidase, nucleotide-phosphohydrolysis is important for controlling the balance between P2 and P1 signaling. Gene-targeted mice for P1, P2 receptors, or ectonucleotidase exhibit only very mild phenotypic manifestations at baseline. However, they demonstrate alterations in disease susceptibilities when exposed to a variety of vascular or blood diseases. Examples of phenotypic manifestations include vascular barrier dysfunction, graft-vs-host disease, platelet activation, ischemia, and reperfusion injury or sickle cell disease. Many of these studies highlight that purinergic signaling events can be targeted therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Idzko
- Department of Pneumology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Davide Ferrari
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of General Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; and
| | - Ann-Kathrin Riegel
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Organ Protection Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
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Qi AD, Harden TK, Nicholas RA. Is GPR17 a P2Y/leukotriene receptor? examination of uracil nucleotides, nucleotide sugars, and cysteinyl leukotrienes as agonists of GPR17. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 347:38-46. [PMID: 23908386 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.207647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The orphan receptor GPR17 has been reported to be activated by UDP, UDP-sugars, and cysteinyl leukotrienes, and coupled to intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization and inhibition of cAMP accumulation, but other studies have reported either a different agonist profile or lack of agonist activity altogether. To determine if GPR17 is activated by uracil nucleotides and leukotrienes, the hemagglutinin-tagged receptor was expressed in five different cell lines and the signaling properties of the receptor were investigated. In C6, 1321N1, or Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably expressing GPR17, UDP, UDP-glucose, UDP-galactose, and cysteinyl leukotriene C4 (LTC4) all failed to promote inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation, whereas both UDP and UDP-glucose promoted marked inhibition (>80%) of forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation in C6 and CHO cells expressing the P2Y14 receptor. Likewise, none of these compounds promoted accumulation of inositol phosphates in COS-7 or human embryonic kidney 293 cells transiently transfected with GPR17 alone or cotransfected with Gαq/i5, which links Gi-coupled receptors to the Gq-regulated phospholipase C (PLC) signaling pathway, or PLCε, which is activated by the Gα12/13 signaling pathway. Moreover, none of these compounds promoted internalization of GPR17 in 1321N1-GPR17 cells. Consistent with previous reports, coexpression experiments of GPR17 with cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLTR1) suggested that GPR17 acts as a negative regulator of CysLTR1. Taken together, these data suggest that UDP, UDP-glucose, UDP-galactose, and LTC4 are not the cognate ligands of GPR17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Dong Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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DuBose DR, Wolff SC, Qi AD, Naruszewicz I, Nicholas RA. Apical targeting of the P2Y(4) receptor is directed by hydrophobic and basic residues in the cytoplasmic tail. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 304:C228-39. [PMID: 23054062 PMCID: PMC3566436 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00251.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The P2Y(4) receptor is selectively targeted to the apical membrane in polarized epithelial cell lines and has been shown to play a key role in intestinal chloride secretion. In this study, we delimit a 23 amino acid sequence within the P2Y(4) receptor C-tail that directs its apical targeting. Using a mutagenesis approach, we found that four hydrophobic residues near the COOH-terminal end of the signal are necessary for apical sorting, whereas two basic residues near the NH(2)-terminal end of the signal are involved to a lesser extent. Interestingly, mutation of the key hydrophobic residues results in a basolateral enrichment of the receptor construct, suggesting that the apical targeting sequence may prevent insertion or disrupt stability of the receptor at the basolateral membrane. The signal is not sequence specific, as an inversion of the 23 amino acid sequence does not disrupt apical targeting. We also show that the apical targeting sequence is an autonomous signal and is capable of redistributing the normally basolateral P2Y(12) receptor, suggesting that the apical signal is dominant over the basolateral signal in the main body of the P2Y(12) receptor. The targeting sequence is unique to the P2Y(4) receptor, and sequence alignments of the COOH-terminal tail of mammalian orthologs reveal that the hydrophobic residues in the targeting signal are highly conserved. These data define the novel apical sorting signal of the P2Y(4) receptor, which may represent a common mechanism for trafficking of epithelial transmembrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ross DuBose
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Millholland MG, Mishra S, Dupont CD, Love MS, Patel B, Shilling D, Kazanietz MG, Foskett JK, Hunter CA, Sinnis P, Greenbaum DC. A host GPCR signaling network required for the cytolysis of infected cells facilitates release of apicomplexan parasites. Cell Host Microbe 2013; 13:15-28. [PMID: 23332153 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Following intracellular replication, the apicomplexan parasites Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii cause host cell cytolysis to facilitate parasite release and disease progression. Parasite exit from infected cells requires the interplay of parasite-derived proteins and host actin cytoskeletal changes; however, the host proteins underlying these changes remain obscure. We report the identification of a Gα(q)-coupled host-signaling cascade required for the egress of both P. falciparum and T. gondii. Gα(q)-coupled signaling results in protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated loss of the host cytoskeletal protein adducin and weakening of the cellular cytoskeleton. This cytoskeletal compromise induces catastrophic Ca(2+) influx mediated by the mechanosensitive cation channel TRPC6, which activates host calpain that proteolyzes the host cytoskeleton allowing parasite release. Reinforcing the feasibility of targeting host proteins as an antiparasitic strategy, mammalian PKC inhibitors demonstrated activity in murine models of malaria and toxoplasmosis. Importantly, an orally bioavailable PKC inhibitor prolonged survival in an experimental cerebral malaria model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie G Millholland
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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G protein-coupled receptors for energy metabolites as new therapeutic targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2012; 11:603-19. [PMID: 22790105 DOI: 10.1038/nrd3777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are activated by intermediates of energy metabolism - such as fatty acids, saccharides, lactate and ketone bodies - have recently been discovered. These receptors are able to sense metabolic activity or levels of energy substrates and use this information to control the secretion of metabolic hormones or to regulate the metabolic activity of particular cells. Moreover, most of these receptors appear to be involved in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases such as diabetes, dyslipidaemia and obesity. This Review summarizes the functions of these metabolite-sensing GPCRs in physiology and disease, and discusses the emerging pharmacological agents that are being developed to target these GPCRs for the treatment of metabolic disorders.
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Rittiner JE, Korboukh I, Hull-Ryde EA, Jin J, Janzen WP, Frye SV, Zylka MJ. AMP is an adenosine A1 receptor agonist. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:5301-9. [PMID: 22215671 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.291666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous receptors for ATP, ADP, and adenosine exist; however, it is currently unknown whether a receptor for the related nucleotide adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) exists. Using a novel cell-based assay to visualize adenosine receptor activation in real time, we found that AMP and a non-hydrolyzable AMP analog (deoxyadenosine 5'-monophosphonate, ACP) directly activated the adenosine A(1) receptor (A(1)R). In contrast, AMP only activated the adenosine A(2B) receptor (A(2B)R) after hydrolysis to adenosine by ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E, CD73) or prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP, ACPP). Adenosine and AMP were equipotent human A(1)R agonists in our real-time assay and in a cAMP accumulation assay. ACP also depressed cAMP levels in mouse cortical neurons through activation of endogenous A(1)R. Non-selective purinergic receptor antagonists (pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid and suramin) did not block adenosine- or AMP-evoked activation. Moreover, mutation of His-251 in the human A(1)R ligand binding pocket reduced AMP potency without affecting adenosine potency. In contrast, mutation of a different binding pocket residue (His-278) eliminated responses to AMP and to adenosine. Taken together, our study indicates that the physiologically relevant nucleotide AMP is a full agonist of A(1)R. In addition, our study suggests that some of the physiological effects of AMP may be direct, and not indirect through ectonucleotidases that hydrolyze this nucleotide to adenosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Rittiner
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina Neuroscience Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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Suzuki T, Obara Y, Moriya T, Nakata H, Nakahata N. Functional interaction between purinergic receptors: effect of ligands for A2A
and P2Y12
receptors on P2Y1
receptor function. FEBS Lett 2011; 585:3978-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Hoyle CH. Evolution of neuronal signalling: Transmitters and receptors. Auton Neurosci 2011; 165:28-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2009] [Revised: 05/09/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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The fate of P2Y-related orphan receptors: GPR80/99 and GPR91 are receptors of dicarboxylic acids. Purinergic Signal 2011; 1:17-20. [PMID: 18404396 PMCID: PMC2096567 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-004-5071-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2004] [Revised: 10/15/2004] [Accepted: 10/15/2004] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Several orphan G protein-coupled receptors are structurally close to the family of P2Y nucleotide receptors: GPR80/99 and GPR91 are close to P2Y1/2/4/6/11 receptors, whereas GPR87, H963 and GPR34 are close to P2Y12/13/14. Over the years, several laboratories have attempted without success to identify the ligands of those receptors. In early 2004, two papers have been published: One claiming that GPR80/99 is an AMP receptor, called P2Y15, and the other one showing that GPR80/99 is a receptor for α-ketoglutarate, while GPR91 is a succinate receptor. The accompanying paper by Qi et al. entirely supports that GPR80/99 is an α-ketoglutarate receptor and not an AMP receptor. The closeness of dicarboxylic acid and P2Y nucleotide receptors might be linked to the negative charges of both types of ligands and the involvement of conserved Arg residues in their neutralization.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenosine agonists are protective in numerous models of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Pericellular adenosine is generated by the hydrolysis of extracellular adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate by the ectonucleotidase CD39 and the subsequent hydrolysis of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) by the ectonucleotidase CD73. CD39 activity is protective in kidney IRI, whereas the role of CD73 remains unclear. METHODS Wild-type (WT), CD73-deficient (CD73KO), CD39-transgenic (CD39tg), and hybrid CD39tg.CD73KO mice underwent right nephrectomy and unilateral renal ischemia (18-min ischemia by microvascular pedicle clamp). Renal function (serum creatinine [SCr], micromolar per liter) and histologic renal injury (score 0-9) were assessed after 24-hr reperfusion. Treatments included a CD73 inhibitor and soluble CD73. RESULTS Compared with WT mice (n=33, SCr 81.0, score 4.1), (1) CD73KO mice were protected (n=17, SCr 48.9, score 2.0, P<0.05), (2) CD39tg mice were protected (n=11, SCr 45.6, score 1.3, P<0.05), (3) WT mice treated with CD73 inhibitor were protected (n=9, SCr 43.3, score 1.2, P<0.05), (4) CD73KO mice reconstituted with soluble CD73 lost their protection (n=10, SCr 63.8, score 3.1, P=ns), (5) WT mice treated with soluble CD73 were not protected (n=7, SCr 78.0, score 4.1), and (6) CD39tg.CD73KO mice were protected (n=8, SCr 55.5, score 0.7, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Deficiency or inhibition of CD73 protects in kidney IRI, and CD39-mediated protection does not seem to be dependent on adenosine generation. These findings suggest that AMP may play a direct protective role in kidney IRI, which could be used in therapeutic development and organ preservation. Investigating the mechanisms by which AMP mediates protection may lead to new targets for research in kidney IRI.
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Ishii S, Noguchi K, Yanagida K. Non-Edg family lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptors. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2009; 89:57-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2009.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Jacobson KA, Costanzi S, Joshi BV, Besada P, Shin DH, Ko H, Ivanov AA, Mamedova L. Agonists and antagonists for P2 receptors. NOVARTIS FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM 2008; 276:58-68; discussion 68-72, 107-12, 275-81. [PMID: 16805423 PMCID: PMC4321821 DOI: 10.1002/9780470032244.ch6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent work has identified nucleotide agonists selective for P2Y1, P2Y2 and P2Y6 receptors and nucleotide antagonists selective for P2Y1, P2Y12 and P2X1 receptors. Selective non-nucleotide antagonists have been reported for P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y6, P2Y12, P2Y13, P2X(2/3)/P2X3 and P2X7 receptors. For example, the dinucleotide INS 37217 (Up4dC) potently activates the P2Y2 receptor, and the non-nucleotide antagonist A-317491 is selective for P2X(2/3)/P2X3 receptors. Nucleotide analogues in which the ribose moiety is substituted by a variety of novel ring systems, including conformationally locked moieties, have been synthesized as ligands for P2Y receptors. The focus on conformational factors of the ribose-like moiety allows the inclusion of general modifications that lead to enhanced potency and selectivity. At P2Y1,2,4,11 receptors, there is a preference for the North conformation as indicated with (N)-methanocarba analogues. The P2Y1 antagonist MRS2500 inhibited ADP-induced human platelet aggregation with an IC50 of 0.95 nM. MRS2365, an (N)-methanocarba analogue of 2-MeSADP, displayed potency (EC50) of 0.4nM at the P2Y1 receptor, with >10000-fold selectivity in comparison to P2Y12 and P2Y13 receptors. At P2Y6 receptors there is a dramatic preference for the South conformation. Three-dimensional structures of P2Y receptors have been deduced from structure activity relationships (SAR), mutagenesis and modelling studies. Detailed three-dimensional structures of P2X receptors have not yet been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810, USA
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Abbracchio MP, Burnstock G, Boeynaems JM, Barnard EA, Boyer JL, Kennedy C, Knight GE, Fumagalli M, Gachet C, Jacobson KA, Weisman GA. International Union of Pharmacology LVIII: update on the P2Y G protein-coupled nucleotide receptors: from molecular mechanisms and pathophysiology to therapy. Pharmacol Rev 2006; 58:281-341. [PMID: 16968944 PMCID: PMC3471216 DOI: 10.1124/pr.58.3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 987] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been many advances in our knowledge about different aspects of P2Y receptor signaling since the last review published by our International Union of Pharmacology subcommittee. More receptor subtypes have been cloned and characterized and most orphan receptors de-orphanized, so that it is now possible to provide a basis for a future subdivision of P2Y receptor subtypes. More is known about the functional elements of the P2Y receptor molecules and the signaling pathways involved, including interactions with ion channels. There have been substantial developments in the design of selective agonists and antagonists to some of the P2Y receptor subtypes. There are new findings about the mechanisms underlying nucleotide release and ectoenzymatic nucleotide breakdown. Interactions between P2Y receptors and receptors to other signaling molecules have been explored as well as P2Y-mediated control of gene transcription. The distribution and roles of P2Y receptor subtypes in many different cell types are better understood and P2Y receptor-related compounds are being explored for therapeutic purposes. These and other advances are discussed in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Abbracchio
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Abbracchio MP, Burnstock G, Boeynaems JM, Barnard EA, Boyer JL, Kennedy C, Miras-Portugal MT, King BF, Gachet C, Jacobson KA, Weisman GA. The recently deorphanized GPR80 (GPR99) proposed to be the P2Y15 receptor is not a genuine P2Y receptor. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2005; 26:8-9. [PMID: 15629198 PMCID: PMC6905457 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2004.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Dynamic purine signaling and metabolism during neutrophil-endothelial interactions. Purinergic Signal 2005; 1:229-39. [PMID: 18404508 PMCID: PMC2096542 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-005-6323-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2004] [Revised: 03/07/2005] [Accepted: 03/23/2005] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
During episodes of hypoxia and inflammation, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) move into underlying tissues by initially passing between endothelial cells that line the inner surface of blood vessels (transendothelial migration, TEM). TEM creates the potential for disturbances in vascular barrier and concomitant loss of extravascular fluid and resultant edema. Recent studies have demonstrated a crucial role for nucleotide metabolism and nucleoside signaling during inflammation. These studies have implicated multiple adenine nucleotides as endogenous tissue protective mechanisms invivo. Here, we review the functional components of vascular barrier, identify strategies for increasing nucleotide generation and nucleoside signaling, and discuss potential therapeutic targets to regulate the vascular barrier during inflammation.
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