1
|
Zou YT, Li JY, Chai JY, Hu YS, Zhang WJ, Zhang Q. The impact of the P2X7 receptor on the tumor immune microenvironment and its effects on tumor progression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 707:149513. [PMID: 38508051 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a significant global health concern, and finding effective methods to treat it has been a focus of scientific research. It has been discovered that the growth, invasion, and metastasis of tumors are closely related to the environment in which they exist, known as the tumor microenvironment (TME). The immune response interacting with the tumor occurring within the TME constitutes the tumor immune microenvironment, and the immune response can lead to anti-tumor and pro-tumor outcomes and has shown tremendous potential in immunotherapy. A channel called the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) has been identified within the TME. It is an ion channel present in various immune cells and tumor cells, and its activation can lead to inflammation, immune responses, angiogenesis, immunogenic cell death, and promotion of tumor development. This article provides an overview of the structure, function, and pharmacological characteristics of P2X7R. We described the concept and components of tumor immune microenvironment and the influence immune components has on tumors. We also outlined the impact of P2X7R regulation and how it affects the development of tumors and summarized the effects of drugs targeting P2X7R on tumor progression, both past and current, assisting researchers in treating tumors using P2X7R as a target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Zou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| | - Jun-Yi Chai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| | - Yu-Shan Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| | - Wen-Jun Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China.
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Orthopedics Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang X, Yu Q, Bai X, Li X, Sun Y, Peng X, Zhao R. The role of the purinergic ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor in common digestive system cancers. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024; 33:271-281. [PMID: 37942897 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of digestive malignancies has increased in recent years, including colorectal cancer (CRC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pancreatic cancer. Advanced stages of these cancers are prone to metastasis, which seriously reduce the standard of living of patients and lead to decline in the survival rate of patients. So far there are no good specific drugs to stop this phenomenon. It is very important and urgent to find new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Purinergic ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor (P2X7R) is ATP-gated and nonselective ion channel receptor involved in many inflammatory processes and cancer progression. P2X7R is present in many cancer cells and promotes or inhibits cancer development through signal transduction. Studies have presented that P2X7R plays a role in the proliferation and migration of digestive system cancers, such as CRC, HCC and pancreatic cancer. Therefore, P2X7R may serve as a biomarker or therapeutic target for digestive system cancers. This paper describes the structure and function of P2X7R, and mainly reviews the research progress on the role of P2X7R in CRC, HCC and pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Qingqing Yu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Bai
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yanli Sun
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Peng
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Ronglan Zhao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year project of Shandong Province, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li X, Wang J, Guo Z, Ma Y, Xu D, Fan D, Dai P, Chen Y, Liu Q, Jiao J, Fan J, Wu N, Li X, Li G. Copper metabolism-related risk score identifies hepatocellular carcinoma subtypes and SLC27A5 as a potential regulator of cuproptosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:15084-15113. [PMID: 38157255 PMCID: PMC10781498 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Dysregulated copper metabolism has been noticed in many types of cancer including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, a comprehensive understanding about this dysregulation still remains unclear in HCC. METHODS A set of bioinformatic tools was integrated to analyze the expression and prognostic significance of copper metabolism-related genes. A related risk score, termed as CMscore, was developed via univariate Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression. Pathway enrichment analyses and tumor immune cell infiltration were further investigated in CMscore stratified HCC patients. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify potential regulator of cuproptosis. RESULTS Copper metabolism was dysregulated in HCC. HCC patients in the high-CMscore group showed a significantly lower overall survival (OS) and enriched in most cancer-related pathways. Besides, HCC patients with high CMscore had higher expression of pro-tumor immune infiltrates and immune checkpoints. Moreover, cancer patients with high CMscore from two large cohorts exhibited significantly prolonged survival time after immunotherapy. WGCNA and subsequently correlation analysis revealed that SLC27A5 might be a potential regulator of cuproptosis in HCC. In vitro experiments revealed that SLC27A5 inhibited cell proliferation and migration of HCC cells and could upregulate FDX1, the key regulator of cuproptosis. SIGNIFICANCE The CMscore is helpful in clustering HCC patients with distinct prognosis, gene mutation signatures, and sensitivity to immunotherapy. SLC27A5 might serve as a potential target in the induction of cuproptosis in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jinping Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Zongliang Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yong Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Dawei Xu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Daguang Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Peng Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- College of Management, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiongwen Liu
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, Henan, China
| | - Jinke Jiao
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, Henan, China
| | - Jinhan Fan
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, Henan, China
| | - Ningxue Wu
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, Henan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Guoyin Li
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, Henan, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Center for Teacher Professional Ability Development, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shannxi, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ai Y, Wang H, Liu L, Qi Y, Tang S, Tang J, Chen N. Purine and purinergic receptors in health and disease. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e359. [PMID: 37692109 PMCID: PMC10484181 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purines and purinergic receptors are widely distributed throughout the human body. Purine molecules within cells play crucial roles in regulating energy metabolism and other cellular processes, while extracellular purines transmit signals through specific purinergic receptors. The ubiquitous purinergic signaling maintains normal neural excitability, digestion and absorption, respiratory movement, and other complex physiological activities, and participates in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and death. Pathological dysregulation of purinergic signaling can result in the development of various diseases, including neurodegeneration, inflammatory reactions, and malignant tumors. The dysregulation or dysfunction of purines and purinergic receptors has been demonstrated to be closely associated with tumor progression. Compared with other subtypes of purinergic receptors, the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) exhibits distinct characteristics (i.e., a low affinity for ATP, dual functionality upon activation, the mediation of ion channels, and nonselective pores formation) and is considered a promising target for antitumor therapy, particularly in patients with poor response to immunotherapy This review summarizes the physiological and pathological significance of purinergic signaling and purinergic receptors, analyzes their complex relationship with tumors, and proposes potential antitumor immunotherapy strategies from tumor P2X7R inhibition, tumor P2X7R overactivation, and host P2X7R activation. This review provides a reference for clinical immunotherapy and mechanism investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Ai
- Department of OncologyHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Hengyi Wang
- Department of Infectious DiseasesHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Lu Liu
- School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Yulin Qi
- Department of OphthalmologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Shiyun Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceHospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduChina
| | - Nianzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and EngineeringCollege of Biomedical EngineeringChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang Y, Qiao C, Li Q, Zhu X, Zhao R, Peng X. Research Progress in the Relationship Between P2X7R and Cervical Cancer. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:823-834. [PMID: 35799022 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01022-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common and serious tumors in women. Finding new biomarkers and therapeutic targets plays an important role in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cervical cancer. Purinergic ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor (P2X7R) is a purine ligand cation channel, activated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Studies have shown that P2X7R plays an important role in a variety of diseases and cancers. More and more studies have shown that P2X7R is also closely related to cervical cancer; therefore, the role of P2X7R in the development of cervical cancer deserves further discussion. The expression level of P2X7R in uterine epithelial cancer tissues was lower than that of the corresponding normal tissues. P2X7R plays an important role in the apoptotic process of cervical cancer through various mechanisms of action, and both antagonists and agonists of P2X7R can inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer cells, while P2X7R is involved in the antitumor effect of Atr-I on cervical cancer cells. This review evaluates the current role of P2X7R in cervical cancer in order to develop more specific therapies for cervical cancer. In conclusion, P2X7R may become a biomarker for cervical cancer screening, and even a new target for clinical treatment of cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Tang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Cuicui Qiao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaodi Zhu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Ronglan Zhao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Peng
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kaur J, Dora S. Purinergic signaling: Diverse effects and therapeutic potential in cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1058371. [PMID: 36741002 PMCID: PMC9889871 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1058371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Regardless of improved biological insights and therapeutic advances, cancer is consuming multiple lives worldwide. Cancer is a complex disease with diverse cellular, metabolic, and physiological parameters as its hallmarks. This instigates a need to uncover the latest therapeutic targets to advance the treatment of cancer patients. Purines are building blocks of nucleic acids but also function as metabolic intermediates and messengers, as part of a signaling pathway known as purinergic signaling. Purinergic signaling comprises primarily adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine (ADO), their analogous membrane receptors, and a set of ectonucleotidases, and has both short- and long-term (trophic) effects. Cells release ATP and ADO to modulate cellular function in an autocrine or paracrine manner by activating membrane-localized purinergic receptors (purinoceptors, P1 and P2). P1 receptors are selective for ADO and have four recognized subtypes-A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Purines and pyrimidines activate P2 receptors, and the P2X subtype is ligand-gated ion channel receptors. P2X has seven subtypes (P2X1-7) and forms homo- and heterotrimers. The P2Y subtype is a G protein-coupled receptor with eight subtypes (P2Y1/2/4/6/11/12/13/14). ATP, its derivatives, and purinoceptors are widely distributed in all cell types for cellular communication, and any imbalance compromises the homeostasis of the cell. Neurotransmission, neuromodulation, and secretion employ fast purinergic signaling, while trophic purinergic signaling regulates cell metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, invasion, and immune response during tumor progression. Thus, purinergic signaling is a prospective therapeutic target in cancer and therapy resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanchit Dora
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lu G, Du R, Feng B, Wang J, Zhang F, Pei J, Wang Y, Shang Y. A Novel Gene Signature Associated with Inflammatory Responses and Immune Status Assists in Prognosis and Intervention for Patients with HCC. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:6729-6743. [PMID: 36536645 PMCID: PMC9759026 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s390113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor growth depends on tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, which are regulated by inflammation and immune responses. However, the roles of inflammation and immune status in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of an inflammatory response- related gene signature associated with immune status, which may provide insight into new treatment options for HCC patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Differentially expressed genes associated with inflammation were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Gene Expression Omnibus, and the Molecular Signatures Database. An inflammation-associated prognostic gene signature was constructed and validated using TCGA and the International Cancer Genome Consortium datasets, respectively, using LASSO Cox regression analysis. Log-rank was performed to compare the overall survival of low- and high-risk score cohorts. Immune cell infiltration and immune-related functions were analyzed using single-sample gene enrichment analysis. The structures of the drugs identified by the prognostic model were predicted using PubChem. The drugs sensitivity of bleomycin, simvastatin and zoledronate detected by CCK8 colorimetric assay. The mRNA levels of 7 genes in HCC after drug treatment analyzed via qRT-PCR. RESULTS Inflammation-associated genes, including ITGA5, MEP1A, P2RX4, RIPK2, SLC7A1 and SRI, were identified and found to be associated with the prognosis of HCC. We further found that the high-risk patients experienced poor prognosis, which was observed to be an independent and significant risk factor for prognosis. Moreover, we observed elevated expression levels in multiple immune cell types and immune function. Lastly, we validated that bleomycin, simvastatin and zoledronate could regulate these genes in HCC. CONCLUSION The inflammatory-response-associated gene signature could predict the prognosis and the immunological status of HCC patients. Additionally, bleomycin, simvastatin and zoledronate may represent potential drug candidates that could inhibit these genes. This may constitute a new approach for the treatment of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Du
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianlin Wang
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengrui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianming Pei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, National Key Discipline of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulong Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang L, Yao B, Yang J, Tian Z, He J. Construction of a novel cuproptosis-related gene signature for predicting prognosis and estimating tumor immune microenvironment status in papillary thyroid carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1131. [PMID: 36333684 PMCID: PMC9635208 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10175-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cuproptosis, a new form of programmed cell death, has been recently reported to be closely related to tumor progression. However, the significance of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of the CRG signature in prognosis prediction and immunotherapeutic effect estimation in patients with PTC. METHODS RNA-seq data and the corresponding clinical information of patients with PTC were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Comprehensive analyses, namely, consensus clustering, immune analyses, functional enrichment, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator-multivariate Cox regression, and nomogram analysis, were performed to identify new molecular subgroups, determine the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) status of the identified subgroups, and construct a clinical model. Independent verification cohort data and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to validate the expression of specific prognosis-related and differentially expressed CRGs (P-DECRGs). RESULTS In the TCGA database, 476 patients with PTC who had complete clinical and follow-up information were included. Among 135 CRGs, 21 were identified as P-DECRGs. Two molecular subgroups with significantly different disease-free survival and TIME statuses were identified based on these 21 P-DECRGs. The differentially expressed genes between the two subgroups were mainly associated with immune regulation. The risk model and nomogram were constructed based on four specific P-DECRGs and validated as accurate prognostic predictions and TIME status estimation for PTC by TCGA and GEO verification cohorts. Finally, the qPCR results of 20 PTC and paracancerous thyroid tissues validated those in the TCGA database. CONCLUSIONS Four specific P-DECRGs in PTC were identified, and a clinical model based on them was established, which may be helpful for individualized immunotherapeutic strategies and prognostic prediction in patients with PTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Wang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province China
| | - Baiyu Yao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province China
| | - Jiapeng Yang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province China
| | - Zhong Tian
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province China
| | - Jingni He
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chethikkattuveli Salih AR, Asif A, Samantasinghar A, Umer Farooqi HM, Kim S, Choi KH. Renal Hypoxic Reperfusion Injury-on-Chip Model for Studying Combinational Vitamin Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:3733-3740. [PMID: 35878885 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Renal ischemic-reperfusion injury decreases the chances of long-term kidney graft survival and may lead to the loss of a transplanted kidney. During organ excision, the cycle of warm ischemia from the donor and cold ischemia is due to storage in a cold medium after revascularization following organ transplantation. The reperfusion of the kidney graft activates several pathways that generate reactive oxygen species, forming a hypoxic-reperfusion injury. Animal models are generally used to model and investigate renal hypoxic-reperfusion injury. However, these models face ethical concerns and present a lack of robustness and intraspecies genetic variations, among other limitations. We introduce a microfluidics-based renal hypoxic-reperfusion (RHR) injury-on-chip model to overcome current limitations. Primary human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells and primary human endothelial cells were cultured on the apical and basal sides of a porous membrane. Hypoxic and normoxic cell culture media were used to create the RHR injury-on-chip model. The disease model was validated by estimating various specific hypoxic biomarkers of RHR. Furthermore, retinol, ascorbic acid, and combinational doses were tested to devise a therapeutic solution for RHR. We found that combinational vitamin therapy can decrease the chances of RHR injury. The proposed RHR injury-on-chip model can serve as an alternative to animal testing for injury investigation and the identification of new therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arun Asif
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si, Jeju-do 63243, Republic of Korea.,BioSpero Inc., Jeju Science Park, Jeju-si, Jeju-do 63243 Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Anupama Samantasinghar
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si, Jeju-do 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Umer Farooqi
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si, Jeju-do 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejoong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82, Gumi-ro 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13620, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Choi
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, 102 Jejudaehak-ro, Jeju-si, Jeju-do 63243, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rossi C, Salvati A, Distaso M, Campani D, Raggi F, Biancalana E, Tricò D, Brunetto MR, Solini A. The P2X7R-NLRP3 and AIM2 Inflammasome Platforms Mark the Complexity/Severity of Viral or Metabolic Liver Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137447. [PMID: 35806450 PMCID: PMC9267345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
P2X7R-NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes activate caspase-1 and the release of cytokines involved in viral-related liver disease. Little is known about their role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis (NASH). We characterized the role of inflammasomes in NAFLD, NASH, and HCV. Gene expression and subcellular localization of P2X7R/P2X4R-NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome components were examined in histopathological preparations of 46 patients with biopsy-proven viral and metabolic liver disease using real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. P2X7R, P2X4R, and Caspase-1 are two- to five-fold more expressed in patients with NAFLD/NASH associated with chronic HCV infection than those with metabolic damage only (p ≤ 0.01 for all comparisons). The AIM2 inflammasome is 4.4 times more expressed in patients with chronic HCV infection, regardless of coexistent metabolic abnormalities (p = 0.0006). IL-2, a cytokine playing a pivotal role during chronic HCV infection, showed a similar expression in HCV and NASH patients (p = 0.77) but was virtually absent in NAFLD. The P2X7R-NLRP3 complex prevailed in infiltrating macrophages, while AIM2 was localized in Kupffer cells. Caspase-1 expression correlated with elastography-based liver fibrosis (r = 0.35, p = 0.02), whereas P2X7R, P2X4R, NRLP3, Caspase-1, and IL-2 expression correlated with circulating markers of disease severity. P2X7R and P2X4R play a major role in liver inflammation accompanying chronic HCV infection, especially when combined with metabolic damage, while AIM2 is specifically expressed in chronic viral hepatitis. We describe for the first time the hepatic expression of IL-2 in NASH, so far considered a peculiarity of HCV-related liver damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rossi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.R.); (M.D.); (F.R.)
| | - Antonio Salvati
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, I-56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Mariarosaria Distaso
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.R.); (M.D.); (F.R.)
| | - Daniela Campani
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesco Raggi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.R.); (M.D.); (F.R.)
| | - Edoardo Biancalana
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (D.T.)
| | - Domenico Tricò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (D.T.)
| | - Maurizia Rossana Brunetto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (D.T.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.B.); (A.S.); Tel.: +39-050-996857 (M.R.B.); +39-050-993482 (A.S.); Fax: +39-050-553235 (A.S.)
| | - Anna Solini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.R.); (M.D.); (F.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.B.); (A.S.); Tel.: +39-050-996857 (M.R.B.); +39-050-993482 (A.S.); Fax: +39-050-553235 (A.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
A comprehensive review of Artificial Intelligence and Network based approaches to drug repurposing in Covid-19. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113350. [PMID: 35777222 PMCID: PMC9236981 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional drug discovery and development is tedious and time-taking process; because of which it has failed to keep the required pace to mitigate threats and cater demands of viral and re-occurring diseases, such as Covid-19. The main reasons of this delay in traditional drug development are: high attrition rates, extensive time requirements, and huge financial investment with significant risk. The effective solution to de novo drug discovery is drug repurposing. Previous studies have shown that the network-based approaches and analysis are versatile platform for repurposing as the network biology is used to model the interactions between variety of biological concepts. Herein, we provide a comprehensive background of machine learning and deep learning in drug repurposing while specifically focusing on the applications of network-based approach to drug repurposing in Covid-19, data sources, and tools used. Furthermore, use of network proximity, network diffusion, and AI on network-based drug repurposing for Covid-19 is well-explained. Finally, limitations of network-based approaches in general and specific to network are stated along with future recommendations for better network-based models.
Collapse
|
12
|
Rao R, Shah S, Bhattacharya D, Toukam DK, Cáceres R, Pomeranz Krummel DA, Sengupta S. Ligand-Gated Ion Channels as Targets for Treatment and Management of Cancers. Front Physiol 2022; 13:839437. [PMID: 35350689 PMCID: PMC8957973 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.839437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligand-gated ion channels are an ionotropic receptor subtype characterized by the binding of an extracellular ligand, followed by the transient passage of ions through a transmembrane pore. Ligand-gated ion channels are commonly subcategorized into three superfamilies: purinoreceptors, glutamate receptors, and Cys-loop receptors. This classification is based on the differing topographical morphology of the receptors, which in turn confers functional differences. Ligand-gated ion channels have a diverse spatial and temporal expression which implicate them in key cellular processes. Given that the transcellular electrochemical gradient is finely tuned in eukaryotic cells, any disruption in this homeostasis can contribute to aberrancies, including altering the activity of pro-tumorigenic molecular pathways, such as the MAPK/ERK, RAS, and mTOR pathways. Ligand-gated ion channels therefore serve as a potential targetable system for cancer therapeutics. In this review, we analyze the role that each of the three ligand-gated ion channel superfamilies has concerning tumor proliferation and as a target for the treatment of cancer symptomatology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel A. Pomeranz Krummel
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Soma Sengupta
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xia GQ, Cai JN, Wu X, Fang Q, Zhao N, Lv XW. The mechanism by which ATP regulates alcoholic steatohepatitis through P2X4 and CD39. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 916:174729. [PMID: 34973190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease caused by chronic excessive drinking has become one of the most common types of liver disease. Alcohol-induced inflammatory immune responses play a central role in the development of alcohol-associated steatohepatitis. The content and expression of ATP and P2X4 in the livers of alcoholic steatohepatitis mice are significantly increased. The content of ATP increased by 20 percent and the expression of P2X4 receptor protein was 1.3 times higher than that in the livers of normal mice. Treatment with 5-BDBD, a P2X4 receptor-specific inhibitor, significantly reduced alcohol-induced liver inflammation and lipid deposition. In RAW264.7 cell experiments, 5-BDBD inhibited the expression of P2X4 and alleviated alcohol-induced inflammation, while the CD39-specific inhibitor POM-1 reduced extracellular ATP degradation and promoted the expression of P2X4, thereby exacerbating inflammation. After treatment with 5-BDBD, P2X4 receptor protein expression decreased by 0.2 times and after treatment with POM-1, P2X4 receptor protein expression increased by 0.1 times compared to the alcohol-stimulated group. In addition, inhibition of P2X4 expression in RAW264.7 cells reduced calcium influx in RAW264.7 cells. P2X4 may induce the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes by mediating calcium influx, thus exacerbating the inflammatory response, and inhibition of P2X4 expression can effectively block this process. Conclusion: These results suggest that the ATP-P2X4 signaling pathway promotes the inflammatory response in alcoholic steatohepatitis and that CD39 may play a protective role in regulating P2X4 expression by hydrolyzing ATP. In conclusion, the CD39 and ATP-P2X4 signaling pathways may be potential therapeutic targets for alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing Xia
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Jun-Nan Cai
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Qian Fang
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Xiong-Wen Lv
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
An Q, Yue G, Yang X, Lou J, Shan W, Ding J, Jin Z, Hu Y, Du Q, Liao Q, Xie R, Xu J. Pathophysiological Role of Purinergic P2X Receptors in Digestive System Diseases. Front Physiol 2022; 12:781069. [PMID: 35002763 PMCID: PMC8740087 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.781069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
P2X receptors (P2XRs) are trimeric, non-selective cation channels activated by extracellular ATP and widely distributed in the digestive system. P2XRs have an important role in the physiological function of the digestive system, such as neurotransmission, ion transports, proliferation and apoptosis, muscle contraction, and relaxation. P2XRs can be involved in pain mechanisms both centrally and in the periphery and confirmed the association of P2XRs with visceral pain. In the periphery, ATP can be released as a result of tissue injury, visceral distension, or sympathetic activation and can excite nociceptive primary afferents by acting at homomeric P2X(3)R or heteromeric P2X(2/3)R. Thus, peripheral P2XRs, and homomeric P2X(3) and/or heteromeric P2X(2/3)R in particular, constitute attractive targets for analgesic drugs. Recently studies have shown that P2XRs have made significant advances in inflammation and cancer. P2X7R mediates NLRP3 inflammasome activation, cytokine and chemokine release, T lymphocyte survival and differentiation, transcription factor activation, and cell death. The P2X7R is a potent stimulant of inflammation and immunity and a promoter of cancer cell growth. This makes P2X7R an appealing target for anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer therapy. It is believed that with the further study of P2XRs and its subtypes, P2XRs and its specific antagonists will be expected to be widely used in the treatment of human digestive diseases in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qimin An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Gengyu Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaoxu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Weixi Shan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jianhong Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhe Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yanxia Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qiushi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Barbonari S, D'Amore A, Palombi F, De Cesaris P, Parrington J, Riccioli A, Filippini A. RELEVANCE OF LYSOSOMAL Ca2+ SIGNALLING MACHINERY IN CANCER. Cell Calcium 2022; 102:102539. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
16
|
Cheng N, Zhang L, Liu L. Understanding the Role of Purinergic P2X7 Receptors in the Gastrointestinal System: A Systematic Review. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:786579. [PMID: 34987401 PMCID: PMC8721002 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.786579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The role of purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is of interest due to its involvement in inflammation and mediating immune cell responses. P2X7R is particularly implicated in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the extent of the actions of P2X7R in the gastrointestinal (GI) system under physiological and pathophysiological conditions remains to be elucidated. This systematic review aimed to identify, summarize and evaluate the evidence for a critical role of P2X7R in the GI system. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase and Scopus with search terms pertained to P2X7R in the GI system in disease or physiological state, including “P2X7 or P2X7 receptor or purinergic signaling” in combination with any of the terms “intestine or colon or gut or gastrointestinal,” “pathology or inflammation or disease or disorder,” and “physiology or expression.” Titles and abstracts were screened for potentially eligible full texts, and animal and human studies published in English were included in this study. Data were extracted from papers meeting inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was not feasible given the study diversity. Results: There were 48 papers included in this review. We identified 14 experimental colitis models, three sepsis models and one ischemia-reperfusion injury model. Among them, 11 studies examined P2X7R in GI infections, six studies on immune cell regulation, four studies on GI inflammation, two studies on GI malignancies, three studies involving intestinal injury due to various causes, two studies on ATP-activated P2X7R in the GI system and two studies on metabolic regulation. Conclusion: Evidence supports P2X7R mediating inflammation and immune cell responses in GI inflammation, infections and injury due to IBD and other challenges to the intestinal wall. P2X7R inhibition by gene knockout or by application of P2X7R antagonists can reduce tissue damage by suppressing inflammation. P2X7R is also implicated in GI malignancies and glucose and lipid homeostasis. P2X7R blockade, however, did not always lead to beneficial outcomes in the various pathological models of study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Cheng
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Lu Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mahar I, Memon FH, Lee JW, Kim KH, Ahmed R, Soomro F, Rehman F, Memon AA, Thebo KH, Choi KH. Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes) for Water Purification and Antibacterial Applications. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:869. [PMID: 34832099 PMCID: PMC8623976 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11110869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, graphene oxide (GO), metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDS), boron nitride (BN), and layered double hydroxide (LDH) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely investigated as potential candidates in various separation applications because of their high mechanical strength, large surface area, ideal chemical and thermal stability, simplicity, ease of functionalization, environmental comparability, and good antibacterial performance. Recently, MXene as a new member of the 2D polymer family has attracted significant attention in water purification, desalination, gas separation, antibacterial, and antifouling applications. Herein, we review the most recent progress in the fabrication, preparation, and modification methods of MXene-based lamellar membranes with the emphasis on applications for water purification and desalination. Moreover, the antibacterial properties of MXene-based membranes show a significant potential for commercial use in water purification. Thus, this review provides a directional guide for future development in this emerging technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inamullah Mahar
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry (NCEAC), University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76060, Sindh, Pakistan; (I.M.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Fida Hussain Memon
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur 65200, Sindh, Pakistan;
- Advanced Micro Mechatronics Lab., Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (J.-W.L.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Jae-Wook Lee
- Advanced Micro Mechatronics Lab., Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (J.-W.L.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Advanced Micro Mechatronics Lab., Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (J.-W.L.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Rafique Ahmed
- Institute of Composite Science Innovation (InCSI), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China;
| | - Faheeda Soomro
- Department of Linguistics and Human Sciences, Begum Nusrat Bhutto Women University, Sukkur 65200, Sindh, Pakistan;
| | - Faisal Rehman
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, College of EME, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Peshawar Road, Rawalpindi 43701, Punjab, Pakistan;
| | - Ayaz Ali Memon
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry (NCEAC), University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76060, Sindh, Pakistan; (I.M.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Khalid Hussain Thebo
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kyung Hyun Choi
- Advanced Micro Mechatronics Lab., Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (J.-W.L.); (K.H.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dillard C, Borde C, Mohammad A, Puchois V, Jourdren L, Larsen AK, Sabbah M, Maréchal V, Escargueil AE, Pramil E. Expression Pattern of Purinergic Signaling Components in Colorectal Cancer Cells and Differential Cellular Outcomes Induced by Extracellular ATP and Adenosine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111472. [PMID: 34768902 PMCID: PMC8583864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purine nucleotide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is known for its fundamental role in cellular bioenergetics. However, in the last decades, different works have described emerging functions for ATP, such as that of a danger signaling molecule acting in the extracellular space on both tumor and stromal compartments. Beside its role in immune cell signaling, several studies have shown that high concentrations of extracellular ATP can directly or indirectly act on cancer cells. Accordingly, it has been reported that purinergic receptors are widely expressed in tumor cells. However, their expression pattern is often associated with contradictory cellular outcomes. In this work, we first investigated gene expression profiles through "RNA-Sequencing" (RNA Seq) technology in four colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines (HT29, LS513, LS174T, HCT116). Our results demonstrate that CRC cells mostly express the A2B, P2X4, P2Y1, P2Y2 and P2Y11 purinergic receptors. Among these, the P2Y1 and P2Y2 coding genes are markedly overexpressed in all CRC cells compared to the HCEC-1CT normal-like colonic cells. We then explored the cellular outcomes induced by extracellular ATP and adenosine. Our results show that in terms of cell death induction extracellular ATP is consistently more active than adenosine against CRC, while neither compound affected normal-like colonic cell survival. Intriguingly, while for the P2Y2 receptor pharmacological inhibition completely abolished the rise in cytoplasmic Ca2+ observed after ATP exposure in all CRC cell lines, Ca2+ mobilization only impacted the cellular outcome for HT29. In contrast, non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibition completely abolished the effects of extracellular ATP on CRC cells, suggesting that cAMP and/or cGMP levels might determine cellular outcome. Altogether, our study provides novel insights into the characterization of purinergic signaling in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Dillard
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U938, F-75012 Paris, France; (C.D.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (A.K.L.); (M.S.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Chloé Borde
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U938, F-75012 Paris, France; (C.D.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (A.K.L.); (M.S.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Ammara Mohammad
- Genomics Core Facility, Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France; (A.M.); (L.J.)
| | - Virginie Puchois
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U938, F-75012 Paris, France; (C.D.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (A.K.L.); (M.S.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
- Alliance for Research in Cancerology—APREC, Tenon Hospital, F-75020 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Jourdren
- Genomics Core Facility, Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France; (A.M.); (L.J.)
| | - Annette K. Larsen
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U938, F-75012 Paris, France; (C.D.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (A.K.L.); (M.S.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Michèle Sabbah
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U938, F-75012 Paris, France; (C.D.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (A.K.L.); (M.S.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Vincent Maréchal
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U938, F-75012 Paris, France; (C.D.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (A.K.L.); (M.S.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Alexandre E. Escargueil
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U938, F-75012 Paris, France; (C.D.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (A.K.L.); (M.S.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-49-28-46-44
| | - Elodie Pramil
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U938, F-75012 Paris, France; (C.D.); (C.B.); (V.P.); (A.K.L.); (M.S.); (V.M.); (E.P.)
- Alliance for Research in Cancerology—APREC, Tenon Hospital, F-75020 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gravity-Based Flow Efficient Perfusion Culture System for Spheroids Mimicking Liver Inflammation. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101369. [PMID: 34680487 PMCID: PMC8533112 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The spheroid culture system provides an efficient method to emulate organ-specific pathophysiology, overcoming the traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture limitations. The intervention of microfluidics in the spheroid culture platform has the potential to enhance the capacity of in vitro microphysiological tissues for disease modeling. Conventionally, spheroid culture is carried out in static conditions, making the media nutrient-deficient around the spheroid periphery. The current approach tries to enhance the capacity of the spheroid culture platform by integrating the perfusion channel for dynamic culture conditions. A pro-inflammatory hepatic model was emulated using a coculture of HepG2 cell line, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells for validating the spheroid culture plate with a perfusable channel across the spheroid well. Enhanced proliferation and metabolic capacity of the microphysiological model were observed and further validated by metabolic assays. A comparative analysis of static and dynamic conditions validated the advantage of spheroid culture with dynamic media flow. Hepatic spheroids were found to have improved proliferation in dynamic flow conditions as compared to the static culture platform. The perfusable culture system for spheroids is more physiologically relevant as compared to the static spheroid culture system for disease and drug analysis.
Collapse
|
20
|
Chethikkattuveli Salih AR, Hyun K, Asif A, Soomro AM, Farooqi HMU, Kim YS, Kim KH, Lee JW, Huh D, Choi KH. Extracellular Matrix Optimization for Enhanced Physiological Relevance in Hepatic Tissue-Chips. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3016. [PMID: 34503056 PMCID: PMC8434375 DOI: 10.3390/polym13173016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular microenvironment is influenced explicitly by the extracellular matrix (ECM), the main tissue support biomaterial, as a decisive factor for tissue growth patterns. The recent emergence of hepatic microphysiological systems (MPS) provide the basic physiological emulation of the human liver for drug screening. However, engineering microfluidic devices with standardized surface coatings of ECM may improve MPS-based organ-specific emulation for improved drug screening. The influence of surface coatings of different ECM types on tissue development needs to be optimized. Additionally, an intensity-based image processing tool and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) sensor may assist in the analysis of tissue formation capacity under the influence of different ECM types. The current study highlights the role of ECM coatings for improved tissue formation, implying the additional role of image processing and TEER sensors. We studied hepatic tissue formation under the influence of multiple concentrations of Matrigel, collagen, fibronectin, and poly-L-lysine. Based on experimental data, a mathematical model was developed, and ECM concentrations were validated for better tissue development. TEER sensor and image processing data were used to evaluate the development of a hepatic MPS for human liver physiology modeling. Image analysis data for tissue formation was further strengthened by metabolic quantification of albumin, urea, and cytochrome P450. Standardized ECM type for MPS may improve clinical relevance for modeling hepatic tissue microenvironment, and image processing possibly enhance the tissue analysis of the MPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rahim Chethikkattuveli Salih
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Kinam Hyun
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Arun Asif
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Afaque Manzoor Soomro
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Airport Road, Sukkur 65200, Pakistan;
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Umer Farooqi
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | | | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Dongeun Huh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Kyung Hyun Choi
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
- BioSpero, Inc., Jeju-si 63243, Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Reyna-Jeldes M, Díaz-Muñoz M, Madariaga JA, Coddou C, Vázquez-Cuevas FG. Autocrine and paracrine purinergic signaling in the most lethal types of cancer. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:345-370. [PMID: 33982134 PMCID: PMC8410929 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09785-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer comprises a collection of diseases that occur in almost any tissue and it is characterized by an abnormal and uncontrolled cell growth that results in tumor formation and propagation to other tissues, causing tissue and organ malfunction and death. Despite the undeniable improvement in cancer diagnostics and therapy, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic and preventive strategies with improved efficacy and fewer side effects. In this context, purinergic signaling emerges as an interesting candidate as a cancer biomarker or therapeutic target. There is abundant evidence that tumor cells have significant changes in the expression of purinergic receptors, which comprise the G-protein coupled P2Y and AdoR families of receptors and the ligand-gated ion channel P2X receptors. Tumor cells also exhibit changes in the expression of nucleotidases and other enzymes involved in nucleotide metabolism, and the concentrations of extracellular nucleotides are significantly higher than those observed in normal cells. In this review, we will focus on the potential role of purinergic signaling in the ten most lethal cancers (lung, breast, colorectal, liver, stomach, prostate, cervical, esophagus, pancreas, and ovary), which together are responsible for more than 5 million annual deaths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Reyna-Jeldes
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo para el Estudio del Cáncer a nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - M Díaz-Muñoz
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | - J A Madariaga
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
- Núcleo para el Estudio del Cáncer a nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - C Coddou
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile.
- Millennium Nucleus for the Study of Pain (MiNuSPain), Santiago, Chile.
- Núcleo para el Estudio del Cáncer a nivel Básico, Aplicado y Clínico, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile.
| | - F G Vázquez-Cuevas
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Querétaro, México.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Alharbi AF, Parrington J. The role of genetic polymorphisms in endolysosomal ion channels TPC2 and P2RX4 in cancer pathogenesis, prognosis, and diagnosis: a genetic association in the UK Biobank. NPJ Genom Med 2021; 6:58. [PMID: 34253731 PMCID: PMC8275681 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00221-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have implicated important roles for endolysosomal ion channels in cancer biology. We used UK Biobank data to characterise the relationships between genetic variants in two genes coding for endolysosomal ion channels-i.e. TPCN2 and P2RX4-and cancer in terms of the definition of tumour types, susceptibility, and prognosis. We investigated these relationships at both global and local levels with regard to specific types of cancer, including malignant neoplasms of the brain, breast, bronchus, lung, colon, lymphoid and haematopoietic systems, skin, ovary, prostate, rectum, thyroid gland, lip, oral cavity, pharynx, and urinary tract. Apart from rs3829241 (p value < 0.05), all the genetic variants were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. We included 468,436 subjects in the analysis and stratified them into two major cohorts: cancer-free controls (385,253) and cancer cases (83,183). For the first time, we report novel associations between genetic variants of TPCN2 and P2RX4 and cancer/cancer subtypes in the UK Biobank's population. Genotype GG in TPCN2 rs3750965 was significantly associated with a decreased risk of cancer and an increased risk of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancer and cancer recurrence in patients with prostate cancer, and genotypes GA/GG were associated with a significantly lower risk of developing various malignant neoplasms (involving melanoma, prostate, mesothelial, and soft tissues). rs35264875:TA was associated with a high risk of cancer at the global level, with subtypes of cancer at the local level (including breast, colon, prostate, and stated or presumed primary cancer of lymphoid, haematopoietic, and related tissue), and with a significantly low risk of cancer metastasis. rs72932540:GA was associated with a higher incidence of cancer/cancer subtypes (including breast, melanoma, and rectal cancer), and genotypes GA/GG were associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. The P2RX4 rs25644 allele GG was associated with a high risk of prostate cancer, whereas it was associated with a low risk of cancer recurrence in patients with prostate cancer. Genotypes GA/GG in rs28360472 were associated with an increased risk of breast, mesothelial, and soft tissue cancers but with a decreased risk of colon cancer. We also provide insights into the pathophysiological contributions made by these significant polymorphisms to cancer/cancer subtypes and their effects on expression or channel activity. Further investigations of these genetic variants could help identify novel cancer biomarkers and facilitate the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This would constitute a further step towards personalised cancer care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer F Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - John Parrington
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Khir NAM, Noh ASM, Shafin N, Ismail CAN. Contribution of P2X4 receptor in pain associated with rheumatoid arthritis: a review. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:201-213. [PMID: 33594635 PMCID: PMC8155137 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09764-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is the most common symptom reported by patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) even after the resolution of chronic joint inflammation. It is believed that RA-associated pain is not solely due to inflammation, but could also be attributed to aberrant modifications to the central nervous system. The P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) is an ATP-activated purinergic receptor that plays a significant role in the transmission of information in the nervous system and pain. The involvement of P2X4R during the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain is well-established. The attenuation of this receptor alleviates disease pathogenesis and related symptoms, including hyperalgesia and allodynia. Although some studies have revealed the contribution of P2X4R in promoting joint inflammation in RA, how it implicates pain associated with RA at peripheral and central nervous systems is still lacking. In this review, the possible contributions of P2X4R in the nervous system and how it implicates pain transmission and responses were examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Ajilah Mohamed Khir
- International Medical School, Management and Science University, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Ain’ Sabreena Mohd Noh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Nazlahshaniza Shafin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Che Aishah Nazariah Ismail
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gaff J, Jackaman C, Papadimitriou J, Waters S, McLean C, Price P. Immunohistochemical evidence of P2X7R, P2X4R and CaMKK2 in pyramidal neurons of frontal cortex does not align with Alzheimer's disease. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 120:104636. [PMID: 33838119 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative condition resulting in progressive cognitive decline. Pathological features include Aβ plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation and neuronal death. Purinergic receptors 7 and 4 (P2X7R and P2X4R) and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) are implicated in neuronal death. We used immunohistochemistry to investigate the distribution of these proteins in neurones from frontal cortex of donors (n = 3/group; aged 79-83 years) who died with and without AD. Neurones were identified morphologically and immunoperoxidase staining was achieved using commercial antibodies. Immunoreactive neurones were counted for each protein by 2-3 raters blinded to the diagnoses. We observed no differences in percentages of P2X7R, P2X4R or CaMKK2 positive neurones (p = 0.2-0.99), but sections from individuals with AD had marginally fewer neurones (p = 0.10). Hence P2X7R, P2X4R or CaMKK2 appear to be expressed in neurones from older donors, but expression does not associate with AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gaff
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Australia
| | - Connie Jackaman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Australia; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Australia
| | - John Papadimitriou
- Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Australia; Pathwest Laboratories, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Shelley Waters
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Australia
| | - Catriona McLean
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Victorian Brain Bank, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patricia Price
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Australia; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lin Z, Xu Q, Miao D, Yu F. An Inflammatory Response-Related Gene Signature Can Impact the Immune Status and Predict the Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:644416. [PMID: 33828988 PMCID: PMC8019928 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.644416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly heterogeneous disease, which makes the prognostic prediction challenging. As part of the active cross-talk between the tumor and the host, inflammatory response in the tumor or its microenvironment could affect prognosis. However, the prognostic value of inflammatory response-related genes in HCC remains to be further elucidated. Methods In this study, the mRNA expression profiles and corresponding clinical data of HCC patients were downloaded from the public database. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox analysis was utilized to construct a multigene prognostic signature in the TCGA cohort. HCC patients from the ICGC cohort were used for validation. Kaplan Meier analysis was used to compare the overall survival (OS) between high- and low-risk groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were applied to determine the independent predictors for OS. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis was utilized to calculate the immune cell infiltration score and immune related pathway activity. Gene set enrichment analysis was implemented to conduct GO terms and KEGG pathways. The qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were utilized to perform the mRNA and protein expression of prognostic genes between HCC tissues and normal liver tissues respectively. Results An inflammatory response-related gene signature model was constructed by LASSO Cox regression analysis. Compared with the low-risk group, patients in the high-risk group showed significantly reduced OS. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis confirmed the predictive capacity of the prognostic gene signature. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that the risk score was an independent predictor for OS. Functional analysis indicated that immune status was definitely different between two risk groups, and cancer-related pathways were enriched in high-risk group. The risk score was significantly correlated with tumor grade, tumor stage and immune infiltrate types. The expression levels of prognostic genes were significantly correlated with sensitivity of cancer cells to anti-tumor drugs. Furthermore, the expression of prognostic genes showed significant difference between HCC tissues and adjacent non-tumorous tissues in the separate sample cohort. Conclusion A novel signature constructed with eight inflammatory response-related genes can be used for prognostic prediction and impact the immune status in HCC. Moreover, inhibition of these genes may be a therapeutic alternative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Lin
- Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dan Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fujun Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang WJ. Effect of P2X purinergic receptors in tumor progression and as a potential target for anti-tumor therapy. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:151-162. [PMID: 33420658 PMCID: PMC7954979 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09761-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of tumors is a complex pathological process involving multiple factors, multiple steps, and multiple genes. Their prevention and treatment have always been a difficult problem at present. A large number of studies have proved that the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the progression of tumors. The tumor microenvironment is the place where tumor cells depend for survival, and it plays an important role in regulating the growth, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of tumor cells. P2X purinergic receptors, which depend on the ATP ion channel, can be activated by ATP in the tumor microenvironment, and by mediating tumor cells and related cells (such as immune cells) in the tumor microenvironment. They play an important regulatory role on the effects of the skeleton, membrane fluidity, and intracellular molecular metabolism of tumor cells. Therefore, here, we outlined the biological characteristics of P2X purinergic receptors, described the effect of tumor microenvironment on tumor progression, and discussed the effect of ATP on tumor. Moreover, we explored the role of P2X purinergic receptors in the development of tumors and anti-tumor therapy. These data indicate that P2X purinergic receptors may be used as another potential pharmacological target for tumor prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Zhang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 343000, Jiangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
The P2X7 receptor for extracellular ATP is a well-established mediator of tumoral development and progression both in solid cancers and hematological malignancies. The human P2X7 gene is highly polymorphic, and several splice variants of the receptor have been identified in time. P2X7 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been broadly analyzed by studies relating them to pathologies as different as infectious, inflammatory, nervous, and bone diseases, among which cancer is included. Moreover, in the last years, an increasing number of reports concentrated on P2X7 splice variants’ different roles and their implications in pathological conditions, including oncogenesis. Here, we give an overview of established and recent literature demonstrating a role for human P2X7 gene products in oncological conditions, mainly focusing on current data emerging on P2X7 isoform B and nfP2X7. We explored the role of these and other genetic variants of P2X7 in cancer insurgence, dissemination, and progression, as well as the effect of chemotherapy on isoforms expression. The described literature strongly suggests that P2X7 variants are potential new biomarkers and therapeutical targets in oncological conditions and that their study in carcinogenesis deserves to be further pursued.
Collapse
|
28
|
Pérez-Díez I, Hidalgo MR, Malmierca-Merlo P, Andreu Z, Romera-Giner S, Farràs R, de la Iglesia-Vayá M, Provencio M, Romero A, García-García F. Functional Signatures in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Sex-Based Differences in Transcriptomic Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13010143. [PMID: 33526761 PMCID: PMC7796260 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
While studies have established the existence of differences in the epidemiological and clinical patterns of lung adenocarcinoma between male and female patients, we know relatively little regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying such sex-based differences. In this study, we explore said differences through a meta-analysis of transcriptomic data. We performed a meta-analysis of the functional profiling of nine public datasets that included 1366 samples from Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. Meta-analysis results from data merged, normalized, and corrected for batch effect show an enrichment for Gene Ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways related to the immune response, nucleic acid metabolism, and purinergic signaling. We discovered the overrepresentation of terms associated with the immune response, particularly with the acute inflammatory response, and purinergic signaling in female lung adenocarcinoma patients, which could influence reported clinical differences. Further evaluations of the identified differential biological processes and pathways could lead to the discovery of new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Our findings also emphasize the relevance of sex-specific analyses in biomedicine, which represents a crucial aspect influencing biological variability in disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Pérez-Díez
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (I.P.-D.); (M.R.H.); (P.M.-M.); (Z.A.); (S.R.-G.)
- Biomedical Imaging Unit FISABIO-CIPF, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana, 46012 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Marta R. Hidalgo
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (I.P.-D.); (M.R.H.); (P.M.-M.); (Z.A.); (S.R.-G.)
| | - Pablo Malmierca-Merlo
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (I.P.-D.); (M.R.H.); (P.M.-M.); (Z.A.); (S.R.-G.)
- Atos Research Innovation (ARI), 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Zoraida Andreu
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (I.P.-D.); (M.R.H.); (P.M.-M.); (Z.A.); (S.R.-G.)
| | - Sergio Romera-Giner
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (I.P.-D.); (M.R.H.); (P.M.-M.); (Z.A.); (S.R.-G.)
- Atos Research Innovation (ARI), 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Farràs
- Department of Oncogenic Signalling, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain;
| | - María de la Iglesia-Vayá
- Biomedical Imaging Unit FISABIO-CIPF, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana, 46012 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Mariano Provencio
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, 28222 Madrid, Spain; (M.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Atocha Romero
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, 28222 Madrid, Spain; (M.P.); (A.R.)
| | - Francisco García-García
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; (I.P.-D.); (M.R.H.); (P.M.-M.); (Z.A.); (S.R.-G.)
- Spanish National Bioinformatics Institute, ELIXIR-Spain (INB, ELIXIR-ES), C/Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Di Virgilio F, Vultaggio-Poma V, Sarti AC. P2X receptors in cancer growth and progression. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 187:114350. [PMID: 33253643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is increasingly appreciated that ion channels have a crucial role in tumors, either as promoters of cancer cell growth, or modulators of immune cell functions, or both. Among ion channels, P2X receptors have a special status because they are gated by ATP, a common and abundant component of the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, one P2X receptor, i.e. P2X7, may also function as a conduit for ATP release, thus fuelling the increased extracellular ATP level in the tumor interstitium. These findings show that P2X receptors and extracellular ATP are indissoluble partners and key regulators of tumor growth, and suggest the exploitation of the extracellular ATP-P2X partnership to develop innovative therapeutic approaches to cancer.
Collapse
|
30
|
He J, Zhou Y, Arredondo Carrera HM, Sprules A, Neagu R, Zarkesh SA, Eaton C, Luo J, Gartland A, Wang N. Inhibiting the P2X4 Receptor Suppresses Prostate Cancer Growth In Vitro and In Vivo, Suggesting a Potential Clinical Target. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112511. [PMID: 33233569 PMCID: PMC7699771 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men, causing considerable morbidity and mortality. The P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) is the most ubiquitously expressed P2X receptor in mammals and is positively associated with tumorigenesis in many cancer types. However, its involvement in PCa progression is less understood. We hypothesized that P2X4R activity enhanced tumour formation by PCa cells. We showed that P2X4R was the most highly expressed, functional P2 receptor in these cells using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and a calcium influx assay. The effect of inhibiting P2X4R on PCa (PC3 and C4-2B4 cells) viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were examined using the selective P2XR4 antagonists 5-BDBD and PSB-12062. The results demonstrated that inhibiting P2X4R impaired the growth and mobility of PCa cells but not apoptosis. In BALB/c immunocompromised nude mice inoculated with human PC3 cells subcutaneously, 5-BDBD showed anti-tumourigenic effects. Finally, a retrospective analysis of P2RX4 expression in clinical datasets (GDS1439, GDS1746, and GDS3289) suggested that P2X4R was positively associated with PCa malignancy. These studies suggest that P2X4R has a role in enhancing PCa tumour formation and is a clinically targetable candidate for which inhibitors are already available and have the potential to suppress disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiepei He
- The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.A.C.); (A.S.); (R.N.); (S.A.Z.); (C.E.); (A.G.)
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.A.C.); (A.S.); (R.N.); (S.A.Z.); (C.E.); (A.G.)
| | - Hector M. Arredondo Carrera
- The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.A.C.); (A.S.); (R.N.); (S.A.Z.); (C.E.); (A.G.)
| | - Alexandria Sprules
- The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.A.C.); (A.S.); (R.N.); (S.A.Z.); (C.E.); (A.G.)
| | - Ramona Neagu
- The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.A.C.); (A.S.); (R.N.); (S.A.Z.); (C.E.); (A.G.)
| | - Sayyed Amin Zarkesh
- The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.A.C.); (A.S.); (R.N.); (S.A.Z.); (C.E.); (A.G.)
| | - Colby Eaton
- The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.A.C.); (A.S.); (R.N.); (S.A.Z.); (C.E.); (A.G.)
| | - Jian Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
| | - Alison Gartland
- The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.A.C.); (A.S.); (R.N.); (S.A.Z.); (C.E.); (A.G.)
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (J.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.M.A.C.); (A.S.); (R.N.); (S.A.Z.); (C.E.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)-114-2159216
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang WJ, Luo C, Pu FQ, Zhu JF, Zhu Z. The role and pharmacological characteristics of ATP-gated ionotropic receptor P2X in cancer pain. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
32
|
Purinergic Signaling in the Hallmarks of Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071612. [PMID: 32635260 PMCID: PMC7407645 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex expression of an altered state of cellular differentiation associated with severe clinical repercussions. The effort to characterize this pathological entity to understand its underlying mechanisms and visualize potential therapeutic strategies has been constant. In this context, some cellular (enhanced duplication, immunological evasion), metabolic (aerobic glycolysis, failure in DNA repair mechanisms) and physiological (circadian disruption) parameters have been considered as cancer hallmarks. The list of these hallmarks has been growing in recent years, since it has been demonstrated that various physiological systems misfunction in well-characterized ways upon the onset and establishment of the carcinogenic process. This is the case with the purinergic system, a signaling pathway formed by nucleotides/nucleosides (mainly adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine (ADO) and uridine triphosphate (UTP)) with their corresponding membrane receptors and defined transduction mechanisms. The dynamic equilibrium between ATP and ADO, which is accomplished by the presence and regulation of a set of ectonucleotidases, defines the pro-carcinogenic or anti-cancerous final outline in tumors and cancer cell lines. So far, the purinergic system has been recognized as a potential therapeutic target in cancerous and tumoral ailments.
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang WJ, Zhu ZM, Liu ZX. The role of P2X4 receptor in neuropathic pain and its pharmacological properties. Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104875. [PMID: 32407956 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NPP) is a common symptom of most diseases in clinic, which seriously affects the mental health of patients and brings certain pain to patients. Due to its pathological mechanism is very complicated, and thus, its treatment has been one of the challenges in the field of medicine. Therefore, exploring the pathogenesis and treatment approach of NPP has aroused the interest of many researchers. ATP is an important energy information substance, which participates in the signal transmission in the body. The P2 × 4 receptor (P2 × 4R) is dependent on ATP ligand-gated cationic channel receptor, which can be activated by ATP and plays an important role in the transmission of information in the nervous system and the formation of pain. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the structure and function of the P2 × 4R gene. We also discuss the pathogenesis of NPP and the intrinsic relationship between P2 × 4R and NPP. Moreover, we explore the pharmacological properties of P2 × 4R antagonists or inhibitors used as targeted therapies for NPP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China.
| | - Zheng-Ming Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China.
| | - Zeng-Xu Liu
- Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi province, 343000, China
| |
Collapse
|