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van Doorn ECH, Amesz JH, Sadeghi AH, de Groot NMS, Manintveld OC, Taverne YJHJ. Preclinical Models of Cardiac Disease: A Comprehensive Overview for Clinical Scientists. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2024; 15:232-249. [PMID: 38228811 PMCID: PMC11116217 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-023-00707-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
For recent decades, cardiac diseases have been the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Despite significant achievements in their management, profound understanding of disease progression is limited. The lack of biologically relevant and robust preclinical disease models that truly grasp the molecular underpinnings of cardiac disease and its pathophysiology attributes to this stagnation, as well as the insufficiency of platforms that effectively explore novel therapeutic avenues. The area of fundamental and translational cardiac research has therefore gained wide interest of scientists in the clinical field, while the landscape has rapidly evolved towards an elaborate array of research modalities, characterized by diverse and distinctive traits. As a consequence, current literature lacks an intelligible and complete overview aimed at clinical scientists that focuses on selecting the optimal platform for translational research questions. In this review, we present an elaborate overview of current in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo and in silico platforms that model cardiac health and disease, delineating their main benefits and drawbacks, innovative prospects, and foremost fields of application in the scope of clinical research incentives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa C H van Doorn
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Translational Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorik H Amesz
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Translational Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amir H Sadeghi
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja M S de Groot
- Translational Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Yannick J H J Taverne
- Translational Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Lab, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Stempien A, Josvai M, Notbohm J, Zhang J, Kamp TJ, Crone WC. Influence of Remodeled ECM and Co-culture with iPSC-Derived Cardiac Fibroblasts on the Mechanical Function of Micropatterned iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2024:10.1007/s13239-024-00711-8. [PMID: 38448643 DOI: 10.1007/s13239-024-00711-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In native heart tissue, functions of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) include synthesis, remodeling, and degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) as well as secreting factors that regulate cardiomyocyte (CM) function. The influence of direct co-culture and CF-derived ECM on CM mechanical function are not fully understood. METHODS Here we use an engineered culture platform that provides control over ECM geometry and substrate stiffness to evaluate the influence of iPSC-CFs, and the ECM they produce, on the mechanical function of iPSC-CMs. Mechanical analysis was performed using digital image correlation to quantify maximum contractile strain, spontaneous contraction rate, and full-field organization of the contractions. RESULTS When cultured alone, iPSC-CFs produce and remodel the ECM into fibers following the underlying 15° chevron patterned ECM. The substrates were decellularized and confirmed to have highly aligned fibers that covered a large fraction of the pattern area before reseeding with iPSC-CMs, alone or in co-culture with iPSC-CFs. When seeded on decellularized ECM, larger maximum contractile strains were observed in the co-culture condition compared to the CM Only condition. No significant difference was found in contractile strain between the Matrigel and decellularized ECM conditions; however, the spontaneous contraction rate was lower in the decellularized ECM condition. A methodology for quantifying alignment of cell contraction across the entire field of view was developed based on trajectories approximating the cell displacements during contraction. Trajectory alignment was unaltered by changes in culture or ECM conditions. CONCLUSIONS These combined observations highlight the important role CFs play in vivo and the need for models that enable a quantitative approach to examine interactions between the CFs and CMs, as well as the interactions of these cells with the ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stempien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - M Josvai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J Notbohm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - T J Kamp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - W C Crone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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Subramanian D, Tjahjono N, Hernandez PA, Varner VD, Petroll WM, Schmidtke DW. Fabrication of Micropatterns of Aligned Collagen Fibrils. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:2551-2561. [PMID: 38277615 PMCID: PMC11001481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Many tissues in vivo contain aligned structures such as filaments, fibrils, and fibers, which expose cells to anisotropic structural and topographical cues that range from the nanometer to micrometer scales. Understanding how cell behavior is regulated by these cues during physiological and pathological processes (e.g., wound healing, cancer invasion) requires substrates that can expose cells to anisotropic cues over several length scales. In this study, we developed a novel method of fabricating micropatterns of aligned collagen fibrils of different geometry onto PDMS-coated glass coverslips that allowed us to investigate the roles of topography and confinement on corneal cell behavior. When corneal cells were cultured on micropatterns of aligned collagen fibrils in the absence of confinement, the degree of cell alignment increased from 40 ± 14 to 82 ± 5% as the size of the micropattern width decreased from 750 to 50 μm. Although the cell area (∼2500 μm2), cell length (∼160 μm), and projected nuclear area (∼175 μm2) were relatively constant on the different micropattern widths, cells displayed an increased aspect ratio as the width of the aligned collagen fibril micropatterns decreased. We also observed that the morphology of cells adhering to the surrounding uncoated PDMS was dependent upon both the size of the aligned collagen fibril micropattern and the distance from the micropatterns. When corneal cells were confined to the micropatterns of aligned collagen fibrils by a Pluronic coating to passivate the surrounding area, a similar trend in increasing cell alignment was observed (35 ± 10 to 89 ± 2%). However, the projected nuclear area decreased significantly (∼210 to 130 μm2) as the micropattern width decreased from 750 to 50 μm. The development of this method allows for the deposition of aligned collagen fibril micropatterns of different geometries on a transparent and elastic substrate and provides an excellent model system to investigate the role of anisotropic cues in cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Subramanian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
| | - Nathaniel Tjahjono
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
| | - Paula A. Hernandez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, 75390
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, 75390
| | - Victor D. Varner
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, 75390
| | - W. Matthew Petroll
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, 75390
| | - David W. Schmidtke
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, TX, 75390
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De Lange WJ, Farrell ET, Hernandez JJ, Stempien A, Kreitzer CR, Jacobs DR, Petty DL, Moss RL, Crone WC, Ralphe JC. cMyBP-C ablation in human engineered cardiac tissue causes progressive Ca2+-handling abnormalities. J Gen Physiol 2023; 155:e202213204. [PMID: 36893011 PMCID: PMC10038829 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Truncation mutations in cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMyBP-C) are common causes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Heterozygous carriers present with classical HCM, while homozygous carriers present with early onset HCM that rapidly progress to heart failure. We used CRISPR-Cas9 to introduce heterozygous (cMyBP-C+/-) and homozygous (cMyBP-C-/-) frame-shift mutations into MYBPC3 in human iPSCs. Cardiomyocytes derived from these isogenic lines were used to generate cardiac micropatterns and engineered cardiac tissue constructs (ECTs) that were characterized for contractile function, Ca2+-handling, and Ca2+-sensitivity. While heterozygous frame shifts did not alter cMyBP-C protein levels in 2-D cardiomyocytes, cMyBP-C+/- ECTs were haploinsufficient. cMyBP-C-/- cardiac micropatterns produced increased strain with normal Ca2+-handling. After 2 wk of culture in ECT, contractile function was similar between the three genotypes; however, Ca2+-release was slower in the setting of reduced or absent cMyBP-C. At 6 wk in ECT culture, the Ca2+-handling abnormalities became more pronounced in both cMyBP-C+/- and cMyBP-C-/- ECTs, and force production became severely depressed in cMyBP-C-/- ECTs. RNA-seq analysis revealed enrichment of differentially expressed hypertrophic, sarcomeric, Ca2+-handling, and metabolic genes in cMyBP-C+/- and cMyBP-C-/- ECTs. Our data suggest a progressive phenotype caused by cMyBP-C haploinsufficiency and ablation that initially is hypercontractile, but progresses to hypocontractility with impaired relaxation. The severity of the phenotype correlates with the amount of cMyBP-C present, with more severe earlier phenotypes observed in cMyBP-C-/- than cMyBP-C+/- ECTs. We propose that while the primary effect of cMyBP-C haploinsufficiency or ablation may relate to myosin crossbridge orientation, the observed contractile phenotype is Ca2+-mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem J. De Lange
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Emily T. Farrell
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jonathan J. Hernandez
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alana Stempien
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Caroline R. Kreitzer
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Derek R. Jacobs
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dominique L. Petty
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Richard L. Moss
- Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Wendy C. Crone
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - J. Carter Ralphe
- Departments of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Gisone I, Cecchettini A, Ceccherini E, Persiani E, Morales MA, Vozzi F. Cardiac tissue engineering: Multiple approaches and potential applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:980393. [PMID: 36263357 PMCID: PMC9574555 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.980393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The overall increase in cardiovascular diseases and, specifically, the ever-rising exposure to cardiotoxic compounds has greatly increased in vivo animal testing; however, mainly due to ethical concerns related to experimental animal models, there is a strong interest in new in vitro models focused on the human heart. In recent years, human pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) emerged as reference cell systems for cardiac studies due to their biological similarity to primary CMs, the flexibility in cell culture protocols, and the capability to be amplified several times. Furthermore, the ability to be genetically reprogrammed makes patient-derived hiPSCs, a source for studies on personalized medicine. In this mini-review, the different models used for in vitro cardiac studies will be described, and their pros and cons analyzed to help researchers choose the best fitting model for their studies. Particular attention will be paid to hiPSC-CMs and three-dimensional (3D) systems since they can mimic the cytoarchitecture of the human heart, reproducing its morphological, biochemical, and mechanical features. The advantages of 3D in vitro heart models compared to traditional 2D cell cultures will be discussed, and the differences between scaffold-free and scaffold-based systems will also be spotlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Gisone
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Cecchettini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Ceccherini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Persiani
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Federico Vozzi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Federico Vozzi,
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Stempien A, Josvai M, de Lange WJ, Hernandez JJ, Notbohm J, Kamp TJ, Valdivia HH, Eckhardt LL, Maginot KR, Ralphe JC, Crone WC. Identifying Features of Cardiac Disease Phenotypes Based on Mechanical Function in a Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Model. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:873531. [PMID: 35620470 PMCID: PMC9127198 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.873531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is characterized by an arrhythmogenic mechanism involving disruption of calcium handling. This genetic disease can lead to sudden death in children and young adults during physical or emotional stress. Prior CPVT studies have focused on calcium handling, but mechanical functionality has rarely been investigated in vitro. In this research we combine stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes from a CPVT patient (RyR2-H2464D mutation) and a healthy familial control with an engineered culture platform to evaluate mechanical function of cardiomyocytes. Substrates with Young's modulus ranging from 10 to 50 kPa were used in conjunction with microcontact printing of ECM proteins into defined patterns for subsequent attachment. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was used to evaluate collections of contracting cells. The amplitude of contractile strain was utilized as a quantitative indicator of functionality and disease severity. We found statistically significant differences: the maximum contractile strain was consistently higher in patient samples compared to control samples on all substrate stiffnesses. Additionally, the patient cell line had a statistically significantly slower intrinsic contraction rate than the control, which agrees with prior literature. Differences in mechanical strain have not been previously reported, and hypercontractility is not a known characteristic of CPVT. However, functional changes can occur as the disease progresses, thus this observation may not represent behavior observed in adolescent and adult patients. These results add to the limited studies of mechanical function of CPVT CMs reported in literature and identify functional differences that should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stempien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - M Josvai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - W J de Lange
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - J J Hernandez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - J Notbohm
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - T J Kamp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Cellular and Molecular Arrhythmia Research Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - H H Valdivia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - L L Eckhardt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Cellular and Molecular Arrhythmia Research Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - K R Maginot
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - J C Ralphe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - W C Crone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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7
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Roy Choudhury A, Großhans J, Kong D. Ion Channels in Epithelial Dynamics and Morphogenesis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092280. [PMID: 34571929 PMCID: PMC8465836 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensitive ion channels mediate the neuronal sensation of mechanical signals such as sound, touch, and pain. Recent studies point to a function of these channel proteins in cell types and tissues in addition to the nervous system, such as epithelia, where they have been little studied, and their role has remained elusive. Dynamic epithelia are intrinsically exposed to mechanical forces. A response to pull and push is assumed to constitute an essential part of morphogenetic movements of epithelial tissues, for example. Mechano-gated channels may participate in sensing and responding to such forces. In this review, focusing on Drosophila, we highlight recent results that will guide further investigations concerned with the mechanistic role of these ion channels in epithelial cells.
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Napiwocki BN, Lang D, Stempien A, Zhang J, Vaidyanathan R, Makielski JC, Eckhardt LL, Glukhov AV, Kamp TJ, Crone WC. Aligned human cardiac syncytium for in vitro analysis of electrical, structural, and mechanical readouts. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:442-452. [PMID: 32990953 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) have emerged as an exciting new tool for cardiac research and can serve as a preclinical platform for drug development and disease modeling studies. However, these aspirations are limited by current culture methods in which hPSC-CMs resemble fetal human cardiomyocytes in terms of structure and function. Herein we provide a novel in vitro platform that includes patterned extracellular matrix with physiological substrate stiffness and is amenable to both mechanical and electrical analysis. Micropatterned lanes promote the cellular and myofibril alignment of hPSC-CMs while the addition of micropatterned bridges enable formation of a functional cardiac syncytium that beats synchronously over a large two-dimensional area. We investigated the electrophysiological properties of the patterned cardiac constructs and showed they have anisotropic electrical impulse propagation, as occurs in the native myocardium, with speeds 2x faster in the primary direction of the pattern as compared to the transverse direction. Lastly, we interrogated the mechanical function of the pattern constructs and demonstrated the utility of this platform in recording the strength of cardiomyocyte contractions. This biomimetic platform with electrical and mechanical readout capabilities will enable the study of cardiac disease and the influence of pharmaceuticals and toxins on cardiomyocyte function. The platform also holds potential for high throughput evaluation of drug safety and efficacy, thus furthering our understanding of cardiovascular disease and increasing the translational use of hPSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Napiwocki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - D Lang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - A Stempien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - R Vaidyanathan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - J C Makielski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - L L Eckhardt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - A V Glukhov
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - T J Kamp
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - W C Crone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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9
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Bajpai A, Tong J, Qian W, Peng Y, Chen W. The Interplay Between Cell-Cell and Cell-Matrix Forces Regulates Cell Migration Dynamics. Biophys J 2019; 117:1795-1804. [PMID: 31706566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells in vivo encounter and exert forces as they interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and neighboring cells during migration. These mechanical forces play crucial roles in regulating cell migratory behaviors. Although a variety of studies have focused on describing single-cell or the collective cell migration behaviors, a fully mechanistic understanding of how the cell-cell (intercellular) and cell-ECM (extracellular) traction forces individually and cooperatively regulate single-cell migration and coordinate multicellular movement in a cellular monolayer is still lacking. Here, we developed an integrated experimental and analytical system to examine both the intercellular and extracellular traction forces acting on individual cells within an endothelial cell colony as well as their roles in guiding cell migratory behaviors (i.e., cell translation and rotation). Combined with force, multipole, and moment analysis, our results revealed that traction force dominates in regulating cell active translation, whereas intercellular force actively modulates cell rotation. Our findings advance the understanding of the intricacies of cell-cell and cell-ECM forces in regulating cellular migratory behaviors that occur during the monolayer development and may yield deeper insights into the single-cell dynamic behaviors during tissue development, embryogenesis, and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Tong
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
| | - Weiyi Qian
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
| | - Yansong Peng
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York.
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