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Rosner A, Ballarin L, Barnay-Verdier S, Borisenko I, Drago L, Drobne D, Concetta Eliso M, Harbuzov Z, Grimaldi A, Guy-Haim T, Karahan A, Lynch I, Giulia Lionetto M, Martinez P, Mehennaoui K, Oruc Ozcan E, Pinsino A, Paz G, Rinkevich B, Spagnuolo A, Sugni M, Cambier S. A broad-taxa approach as an important concept in ecotoxicological studies and pollution monitoring. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:131-176. [PMID: 37698089 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic invertebrates play a pivotal role in (eco)toxicological assessments because they offer ethical, cost-effective and repeatable testing options. Additionally, their significance in the food chain and their ability to represent diverse aquatic ecosystems make them valuable subjects for (eco)toxicological studies. To ensure consistency and comparability across studies, international (eco)toxicology guidelines have been used to establish standardised methods and protocols for data collection, analysis and interpretation. However, the current standardised protocols primarily focus on a limited number of aquatic invertebrate species, mainly from Arthropoda, Mollusca and Annelida. These protocols are suitable for basic toxicity screening, effectively assessing the immediate and severe effects of toxic substances on organisms. For more comprehensive and ecologically relevant assessments, particularly those addressing long-term effects and ecosystem-wide impacts, we recommended the use of a broader diversity of species, since the present choice of taxa exacerbates the limited scope of basic ecotoxicological studies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of (eco)toxicological studies, focusing on major aquatic invertebrate taxa and how they are used to assess the impact of chemicals in diverse aquatic environments. The present work supports the use of a broad-taxa approach in basic environmental assessments, as it better represents the natural populations inhabiting various ecosystems. Advances in omics and other biochemical and computational techniques make the broad-taxa approach more feasible, enabling mechanistic studies on non-model organisms. By combining these approaches with in vitro techniques together with the broad-taxa approach, researchers can gain insights into less-explored impacts of pollution, such as changes in population diversity, the development of tolerance and transgenerational inheritance of pollution responses, the impact on organism phenotypic plasticity, biological invasion outcomes, social behaviour changes, metabolome changes, regeneration phenomena, disease susceptibility and tissue pathologies. This review also emphasises the need for harmonised data-reporting standards and minimum annotation checklists to ensure that research results are findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR), maximising the use and reusability of data. The ultimate goal is to encourage integrated and holistic problem-focused collaboration between diverse scientific disciplines, international standardisation organisations and decision-making bodies, with a focus on transdisciplinary knowledge co-production for the One-Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Rosner
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, PO 2336 Sha'ar Palmer 1, Haifa, 3102201, Israel
| | - Loriano Ballarin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, Padova, I-35121, Italy
| | - Stéphanie Barnay-Verdier
- Sorbonne Université; CNRS, INSERM, Université Côte d'Azur, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging Nice, 28 avenue Valombrose, Nice, F-06107, France
| | - Ilya Borisenko
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Embryology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya embankment 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Laura Drago
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/B, Padova, I-35121, Italy
| | - Damjana Drobne
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, Ljubljana, 1111, Slovenia
| | - Maria Concetta Eliso
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, 80121, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Zoya Harbuzov
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, PO 2336 Sha'ar Palmer 1, Haifa, 3102201, Israel
- Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, Department of Marine Biology, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Koushy Ave., Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Annalisa Grimaldi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant, Varese, 3-21100, Italy
| | - Tamar Guy-Haim
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, PO 2336 Sha'ar Palmer 1, Haifa, 3102201, Israel
| | - Arzu Karahan
- Middle East Technical University, Institute of Marine Sciences, Erdemli-Mersin, PO 28, 33731, Turkey
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Maria Giulia Lionetto
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, via prov. le Lecce -Monteroni, Lecce, I-73100, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina, 61, Palermo, I-90133, Italy
| | - Pedro Martinez
- Department de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig de Lluís Companys, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Kahina Mehennaoui
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, Belvaux, L-4422, Luxembourg
| | - Elif Oruc Ozcan
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Cukurova University, Balcali, Saricam, Adana, 01330, Turkey
| | - Annalisa Pinsino
- National Research Council, Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, Palermo, 90146, Italy
| | - Guy Paz
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, PO 2336 Sha'ar Palmer 1, Haifa, 3102201, Israel
| | - Baruch Rinkevich
- Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, PO 2336 Sha'ar Palmer 1, Haifa, 3102201, Israel
| | - Antonietta Spagnuolo
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, 80121, Italy
| | - Michela Sugni
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Sébastien Cambier
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41, rue du Brill, Belvaux, L-4422, Luxembourg
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Rocha GS, de Palma Lopes LF, Espíndola ELG. Copper and cadmium, isolated and in the mixture, impact the Neotropical freshwater Calanoida copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi: A short-term approach with environmental concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 105:104326. [PMID: 38000686 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Metal discharges in aquatic ecosystems are of concern since they affect different trophic levels, altering the functioning of the aquatic food chain. The metals can interact among them and with other pollutants, resulting in complex mixtures whose effects on biota are unpredictable. The impacts of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd), isolated and combined, on the freshwater copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi were assessed in acute and sub-chronic exposures. Species sensitivity distribution (SSD) curves were constructed for both metals. In the acute tests antagonism was observed in mortality, while in sub-chronic, mortality was not affected; however, the eggs produced and percentage of viable eggs were significantly altered. Our data suggest that egg production can be a detoxification route in N. iheringi under Cu and mixture exposure. From the SSD curves, N. iheringi was the most sensitive Brazilian species for Cu and the second most sensitive for Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giseli Swerts Rocha
- NEEA/CRHEA, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400, Parque Arnold Schmidt, CEP 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Laís Fernanda de Palma Lopes
- NEEA/CRHEA, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400, Parque Arnold Schmidt, CEP 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- NEEA/CRHEA, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense, 400, Parque Arnold Schmidt, CEP 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Rajewicz W, Romano D, Schmickl T, Thenius R. Daphnia's phototaxis as an indicator in ecotoxicological studies: A review. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 265:106762. [PMID: 38000135 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Animal-based sensors have been increasingly applied to many water monitoring systems and ecological studies. One of the staple organisms used as living sensors for such systems is Daphnia. This organism has been extensively studied and, with time, used in many toxicological and pharmaceutical bioassays, often used for exploring the ecology of freshwater communities. One of its behaviours used for evaluating the state of the aquatic environment is phototaxis. A disruption in the predicted behaviour is interpreted as a sign of stress and forms the basis for further investigation. However, phototaxis is a result of complex processes counteracting and interacting with each other. Predator presence, food quality, body pigmentation and other factors can greatly affect the predicted phototactic response, hampering its reliability as a bioindicator. Therefore, a holistic approach and meticulous documentation of the methods are needed for the correct interpretation of this behavioural indicator. In this review, we present the current methods used for studying phototaxis, the factors affecting it and proposed ways to optimise the reliability of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donato Romano
- BioRobotics Institute, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, 56025, Italy; Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Piazza Martiri della Libertá 33, Pisa, 56127, Italy
| | - Thomas Schmickl
- University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Ronald Thenius
- University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, Graz, 8010, Austria
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Arcanjo C, Trémolet G, Duflot A, Giusti-Petrucciani N, Coulaud R, Xuereb B, Forget-Leray J, Boulangé-Lecomte C. The copepod Eurytemora affinis as a relevant species to assess estuarine sediment toxicity: Effects on gene expression and swimming behavior. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122482. [PMID: 37660773 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Compared to freshwater ecosystems, the health status of estuarine waters remains little studied despite their importance for many species. They represent a zone of interest for Human settlements that make them the final sink of pollution in both the water column and sediment. Once in sediments, pollutants could represent a threat to benthic as well as pelagic estuarine species through resuspension events. In the Seine estuary, the copepod Eurytemora affinis has been previously presented as a relevant species to assess resuspended sediment contamination through fitness-related effects at the individual level. The aim of the present study was to use E. affinis copepods to assess estuarine sediment-derived elutriates toxicity at environmental concentrations of particles using a molecular (i.e. transcriptomics) and a behavioral approach. Two sites along the Seine estuary were sampled. The analysis of sediments reveals that both sites have the same granulometric composition and close contamination profiles with the detection of PCBs, PAHs and pyrethroid insecticides. The transcriptomic analysis reveals that exposure to elutriates from both sites triggers the dysregulation of genes involved in biological function as defense response, immunity, ecdysone pathway or neurotoxicity with 66% and 36% of shared genes at the highest concentration for Tancarville and Fatouville. This analysis also reveals a higher count of dysregulated genes in the Fatouville site compared to the Tancarville (271 vs 148) despite their close contamination profile. These results emphasize the molecular approach sensitivity to assess environmental matrix toxicity with E. affinis. The analysis of the swimming behavior of E. affinis did not highlight significant effects after elutriate exposure. However, our strategy to assess E. affinis swimming behavior allows the discrimination of basal swimming behavior i.e. dark/light velocity changes and strong thigmotaxis behavior. Thus, it represents a promising standardized tool to assess copepods swimming behavior in ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Arcanjo
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Gauthier Trémolet
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Aurélie Duflot
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Nathalie Giusti-Petrucciani
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Romain Coulaud
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Benoit Xuereb
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Joëlle Forget-Leray
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France
| | - Céline Boulangé-Lecomte
- Université Le Havre Normandie, Normandie Univ, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre, F-76600, Le Havre, France.
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de Palma Lopes LF, Rocha GS, de Medeiros JF, Montagner CC, Espíndola ELG. The acute effects of fipronil and 2,4-D, individually and in mixture: a threat to the freshwater Calanoida copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:80335-80348. [PMID: 37294488 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The magnitude of copepods' responses to pesticides, individually and in mixture, is little understood. The aims of this study were to evaluate: (i) the effects of the pesticides fipronil and 2,4-D, individually and in mixture, on the freshwater copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi; and (ii) the survival and the feeding rate of copepods after the exposure. Acute toxicity tests using the commercial formulations of fipronil and 2,4-D, individually and in mixture, were performed. The LC10-48h, LC20-48h, and LC50-48h of fipronil to N. iheringi were 2.38 ± 0.48, 3.08 ± 1.14, and 4.97 ± 3.30 μg L-1, respectively. For 2,4-D the LC10-48h, LC20-48h, and LC50-48h were 371.18 ± 29.20, 406.93 ± 53.77, and 478.24 ± 107.77 mg L-1, respectively. Morphological damages on the copepods exposed to pesticides were observed at all concentrations. Fungal filaments covering dead organisms were presented at the treatment highest concentration (R5:7.43 ± 2.78 μg L-1 fipronil). The mixture of the pesticides presented synergistic effects on the mortality of N. iheringi. Post-exposure tests showed no difference between the treatments and the control on the mortality and on the feeding rate for 4 h. However, since delayed toxicity of pesticides can occur, longer post-exposure tests using N. iheringi should be tested. N. iheringi is a key species in the aquatic Brazilian ecosystem and showed sensitivity to fipronil and 2,4-D; thus, more studies with this species assessing other responses are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Fernanda de Palma Lopes
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil.
| | - Giseli Swerts Rocha
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Jéssyca Ferreira de Medeiros
- LQA, Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Cassiana Carolina Montagner
- LQA, Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Evaldo Luiz Gaeta Espíndola
- NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil
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Heuschele J, Lode T, Konestabo HS, Titelman J, Andersen T, Borgå K. Drivers of copper sensitivity in copepods: A meta-analysis of LC50s. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113907. [PMID: 35901590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Copper is both an essential trace element and a potent pesticide. The use of copper as an antifoulant has increased in the last decades in line with the expanding aquaculture and shipping industries. In aquatic environments, it also affects non-target taxa. One of which are copepods, which constitute the central link in the marine food web. Despite their ecological importance, there are no systematic reviews of the lethal concentration range and drivers of copper toxicity in this taxon. Here, we combined literature data from 31 peer-reviewed articles recording the Lethal Concentration 50 (LC50) for copper in copepods and the experiments' respective environmental, developmental, and taxonomic parameters. The LC50 is a traditional endpoint for toxicity testing used in standardized toxicity testing and many ecological studies. In total, we were able to extract 166 LC50 entries. The variability in the metadata allowed for a general analysis of the drivers of copper sensitivity in copepods. Using a generalized additive modeling approach, we find that temperature increases copper toxicity when above approximately 25℃. Counter to our expectations; salinity does not influence copper sensitivity across copepod species. Unsurprisingly, nauplii are more susceptible to copper exposure than adult copepods, and benthos-associated harpacticoids are less sensitive to copper than pelagic calanoids. Our final model can predict sensible specific-specific copper concentrations for future experiments, thus giving an informed analytical approach to range testing in future dose-response experiments. Our model can also potentially improve ecological risk assessment by accounting for environmental differences. The approach can be applied to other toxicants and taxa, which may reveal underlying patterns otherwise obscured by taxonomic and experimental variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Heuschele
- AQUA, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Kristine Bonnevies hus, 0371 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Torben Lode
- AQUA, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Kristine Bonnevies hus, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Sjursen Konestabo
- AQUA, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Kristine Bonnevies hus, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Josefin Titelman
- AQUA, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Kristine Bonnevies hus, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- AQUA, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Kristine Bonnevies hus, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Katrine Borgå
- AQUA, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Kristine Bonnevies hus, 0371 Oslo, Norway
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Andrade VS, Gutierrez MF, Gagneten AM. Effect of rainfall runoff from agricultural areas and seasonal crop practices on zooplankton community in Pampean streams, Argentina. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:41713-41724. [PMID: 35098456 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extreme climatic events are considered one of the main consequences of climate change. In the Pampas region, Argentina, an intensification of rainfall is expected during the periods of maximum agrochemical application. This study assesses the main factors determining the zooplankton community attributes in three streams belonging to the agricultural Pampas region, Argentina, and the effect of rainfall and seasonal crop practices on the zooplankton community composition. Sampling campaigns were performed before and after three rainfall events during two seasonal crop practices: (1) soybean chemical fallow-sowing and corn vegetative growth-flowering, (2) soybean vegetative growth-grain filling and corn sowing. The runoff in agricultural areas affected the zooplankton community attributes and composition. The biological oxygen demand, turbidity, and conductivity were the main water quality variables affecting the zooplankton community attributes. The increase of these variables after rainfall or during pre-emergence crop practices favoured the zooplankton groups most tolerant to eutrophication such as Bdelloidea, Chydoridae, Moinidae, and Sididae. Factors such as rainfall and seasonal crop practices must be considered in environmental monitoring design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Soledad Andrade
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Humanidades Y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, 3000, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Nat. Route 168, Km 0, Santa Fe, 3000, Argentina.
| | - María Florencia Gutierrez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Nat. Route 168, Km 0, Santa Fe, 3000, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, 3000, Argentina
- Facultad de Bioquímica Y Ciencias Biológicas - Escuela Superior de Sanidad "Dr. Ramón Carrillo", UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, 3000, Argentina
| | - Ana María Gagneten
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Humanidades Y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, 3000, Argentina
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Barrick A, Champeau O, Butler J, Wiles T, Boundy M, Tremblay LA. Investigating the Ecotoxicity of Select Emerging Organic Contaminants Toward the Marine Copepod Gladioferens pectinatus. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:792-799. [PMID: 34918376 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine ecosystems are recipients of anthropogenic stressors released from land-based activities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ecotoxicological hazards of organic contaminants toward the estuarine copepod Gladioferens pectinatus using acute and chronic testing. Most chemicals demonstrated acute toxicity and influenced development of the copepods. Further research should be conducted to investigate these chemicals and their mixtures using long-term, multigenerational testing to characterize mechanisms of toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:792-799. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Louis A Tremblay
- Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Gutierrez MF, Ale A, Andrade V, Bacchetta C, Rossi A, Cazenave J. Metallic, metal oxide, and metalloid nanoparticles toxic effects on freshwater microcrustaceans: An update and basis for the use of new test species. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:2505-2526. [PMID: 34470080 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we performed a literature review on the metallic, metal oxide, and metalloid nanoparticles (NP) effects on freshwater microcrustaceans, specifically focusing on (i) the main factors influencing the NP toxicity and (ii) their main ecotoxicological effects. Also, given that most studies are currently developed on the standard test species Daphnia magna Straus, we analyzed (iii) the potential differences in the biological responses between D. magna and other freshwater microcrustacean, and (iv) the ecological implications of considering only D. magna as surrogate of other microcrustaceans. We found that NP effects on microcrustaceans depended on their intrinsic properties as well as the exposure conditions. Among the general responses to different NP, we identified body burial, feeding inhibition, biochemical effects, metabolic changes, and reproductive and behavioral alterations. The differences in the biological responses between D. magna and other freshwater microcrustacean rely on the morphology (size and shape), ecological traits (feeding mechanisms, life cycles), and intrinsic sensitivities. Thus, we strongly recommend the use of microcrustaceans species with different morphological, physiological, and ecological characteristics in future ecotoxicity tests with NP to provide relevant information with regulation purposes regarding the discharge of NP into aquatic environments. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Nanoparticles effects depend on intrinsic and external factors. Nanoparticles affect the morphology, physiology, and behavior. Effects on Daphnia differ from other microcrustaceans. The use of more diverse test species is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Gutierrez
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Escuela Superior de Sanidad "Dr. Ramón Carrillo" (FBCB-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Analía Ale
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Victoria Andrade
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Carla Bacchetta
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (FHUC-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jimena Cazenave
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (FHUC-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
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Arcanjo C, Trémolet G, Giusti-Petrucciani N, Duflot A, Forget-Leray J, Boulangé-Lecomte C. Susceptibility of the Non-Targeted Crustacean Eurytemora affinis to the Endocrine Disruptor Tebufenozide: A Transcriptomic Approach. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101484. [PMID: 34680879 PMCID: PMC8536038 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Copepods are zooplanktonic crustaceans ubiquitously widespread in aquatic systems. Although they are not the target, copepods are exposed to a wide variety of pollutants such as insect growth regulators (IGRs). The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular response of a non-targeted organism, the copepod Eurytemora affinis, to an IGR. Adult males and females were exposed to two sub-lethal concentrations of tebufenozide (TEB). Our results indicate a sex-specific response with a higher sensitivity in males, potentially due to a differential activation of stress response pathways. In both sexes, exposure to TEB triggered similar pathways to those found in targeted species by modulating the transcription of early and late ecdysone responsive genes. Among them were genes involved in cuticle metabolism, muscle contraction, neurotransmission, and gametogenesis, whose mis-regulation could lead to moult, locomotor, and reproductive impairments. Furthermore, genes involved in epigenetic processes were found in both sexes, which highlights the potential impact of exposure to TEB on future generations. This work allows identification of (i) potential biomarkers of ecdysone agonists and (ii) further assessment of putative physiological responses to characterize the effects of TEB at higher biological levels. The present study reinforces the suitability of using E. affinis as an ecotoxicological model.
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11
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Castaño-Sánchez A, Pereira JL, Gonçalves FJM, Reboleira ASPS. Sensitivity of a widespread groundwater copepod to different contaminants. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129911. [PMID: 33979935 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is an indispensable resource for humankind and sustainable biomes functioning. Anthropogenic disturbance threatens groundwater ecosystems globally, but to which extent groundwater organisms respond to stressors remains poorly understood. Groundwater animals are rare, with small populations, difficult to find and to breed in the lab, which poses a main challenge to the assessment of their responses to pollutants. Despite the difficulties, assessing the toxicity of a large spectrum of stressors to groundwater organisms is a priority to inform towards appropriate environmental protection of these ecosystems. We tested the sensitivity to CuSO4, diclofenac, and NaCl of a groundwater population of the copepod Diacyclops crassicaudis crassicaudis and compared its sensitivity with the model organism Daphnia magna. We ranked its sensitivity using a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) approach using the feasible data available for groundwater and surface crustaceans. Our results show that the most toxic compound was CuSO4 for which higher amount of data was recorded and wider variability in response was observed. It was followed by diclofenac, largely lacking data for groundwater-adapted organisms, and the least toxic compound was NaCl. The differential sensitivity between D. crassicaudis and D. magna was contaminant-dependent. As a general trend D. crassicaudis was always distributed in the upper part of the SSD curves together with other groundwater-adapted organisms. Our results highlight that the widespread groundwater populations of the D. crassicaudis species complex, which can be successfully breed in the lab, may provide a reasonable approach to assess the ecological effects of anthropogenic stressors in groundwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Sofia P S Reboleira
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), and Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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12
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Novel Protocol for Acute In Situ Ecotoxicity Test Using Native Crustaceans Applied to Groundwater Ecosystems. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13081132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Current standardized laboratory test protocols use model species that have limitations to accurately assess native species responses to stressors. We developed and tested a novel acute in situ protocol for testing field-collected organisms. We used Asellus aquaticus and NaCl as a reference toxicant to test for the effects of location (laboratory vs. in situ), medium (synthetic vs. field water), substrate (presence vs. absence), and protocol replicability. We further tested the protocol using groundwater-adapted isopods: Proasellus assaforensis for the effect of location, P. cavaticus of medium and P.lusitanicus of substrate. Our results showed that A.aquaticus’ lethality obtained with the novel acute in situ protocol did not significantly differ from those from laboratory testing. However, laboratory tested P.assaforensis showed a higher sensitivity, suggesting that its acclimation to laboratory conditions might have pernicious effects. A. aquaticus and P. cavaticus showed a higher mortality using synthetic medium in situ and under laboratory conditions, which overestimated the stressor’s effect. Besides, substrate use had no significant effect. The novel acute in situ protocol allows the use of native species under realistic scenarios. It is particularly well adapted for assessing the risk of groundwater ecosystems but it can be applied to a wide range of ecosystems.
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Hussain MB, Laabir M, Daly Yahia MN. A novel index based on planktonic copepod reproductive traits as a tool for marine ecotoxicology studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 727:138621. [PMID: 32498212 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Copepods are excellent bioindicators of climate change and ecosystem pollution in anthropized coastal waters. This work reviewed the results of previous studies examining changes in egg production rate (EPR), hatching success (HS), and nauplius survival rate (NSR) in natural conditions and in the presence of pollutants, including heavy metals and organic contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and persistent organic pollutants (POPs). At high concentrations, cadmium and silver induce an increase in EPR in the copepods Acartia tonsa and Acartia hudsonica, while exposure to mercury decreases EPR in adults by 50%. All three metals affect HS, with mercury inducing a stronger effect than cadmium and silver. Cadmium affects reproductive traits in Centropages ponticus, decreasing EPR and particularly HS. Furthermore, copper and chromium at high concentrations induce significant decreases in eggs per female in Notodiaptomus conifer. In terms of organic contaminant and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Eurytemora affinis is reported to be affected by naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene, and 2,3,5-trimethylnaphthalene and can thus be used in ecotoxicity studies, but only if the exposure time is high. Acartia tonsa shows significant reductions in EPR and HS at high concentrations of fluoranthene, phenanthrene, and pyrene. However, the response to Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) such as pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 1,2-dichlorobenzene (DCB) differs. In E. affinis, EPR increases with DCB, but HS falls to <1%. EPR increases when the species is exposed overnight, but HS remains low in the presence of DCB. Based on these results, we developed a novel copepod reproductive trait index (CRT-Index) for use in marine ecotoxicology surveys and tested in some simple cases. We show that copepods are good candidates as models for ecotoxicology studies, in particular using reproductive traits (EPR, HS and NSR) because of their sensitivity to a wide range or pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Bakr Hussain
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Laabir
- Marbec, University of Montpellier, IRD, Ifremer, CNRS, 34 095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Mohamed Nejib Daly Yahia
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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Dayras P, Bialais C, Ouddane B, Lee JS, Souissi S. Effects of different routes of exposure to metals on bioaccumulation and population growth of the cyclopoid copepod Paracyclopina nana. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:125926. [PMID: 32006827 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We examined effects of the three metals cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and nickel (Ni) on two subpopulations of the cyclopoid copepod Paracyclopina nana. We sought to investigate the effects of metal exposure on population growth and structure of P. nana and to understand the parameters affecting the metal bioaccumulation in copepods. A first experiment tested the hypothesis of competition between these metals in a mixture using a P. nana mass culture in 10 L beakers with the sublethal concentrations (1/3 of LC50) as determined for E. affinis. A second experiment pursued the same with a P. nana population which was adapted to a higher Cu concentration for several generations (226.9 ± 15.9 μg g-1 dw Cu in copepods) and using the proper sublethal concentrations for P. nana. After 96 h of exposure, results from the first experiment showed a decreasing population growth and instead of an increasing metal accumulation in copepods. Cd also appeared to be more accumulated when it was alone, confirming the hypothesis of metal competition in mixture. Results from the second experiment revealed less marked effects. When metal concentrations increased in the treatment it decreased in copepods, indicating depuration activity in the population already adapted to metal exposure. This paper is the first one investigating the parameters affecting the bioaccumulation capacity of P. nana in response to metals. It offers a better understanding of copepod responses to metal contamination in a complex aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dayras
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187 LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-62930, Wimereux, France.
| | - Capucine Bialais
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187 LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-62930, Wimereux, France.
| | - Baghdad Ouddane
- Université de Lille, UMR CNRS 8516, Laboratoire LASIR, Equipe Physico-Chimie de l'Environnement, F-59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
| | - Sami Souissi
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187 LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-62930, Wimereux, France.
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15
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Castaño-Sánchez A, Hose GC, Reboleira ASPS. Ecotoxicological effects of anthropogenic stressors in subterranean organisms: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125422. [PMID: 31805461 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
How anthropogenic stressors affect biodiversity is a central question in a changing world. Subterranean ecosystems and their biodiversity are particularly vulnerable to change, yet, these species are frequently neglected in analyses of global biodiversity and assessments of ecological status and risk. Are these hidden species affected by anthropogenic stressors? Do they survive outside of the current thermal limits of their ecosystems? These and other important questions can be addressed with ecotoxicological testing, relating contaminants and temperature resistance of species with measured environmental concentrations and climatic data. Ecotoxicological knowledge specific to subterranean ecosystems is crucial for establishing thresholds for their protection, but such data are both scarce and scattered. Here, we review the existing ecotoxicological studies of these impacts to subterranean-adapted species. An effort that includes 167 measured endpoints and presents a database containing experimentally derived species' tolerance data for 28 contaminants and temperature, for 46 terrestrial and groundwater species, including fungi and animals. The lack of standard data among the studies is currently the major impediment to evaluate how stressors affect subterranean-adapted species and how differently they respond from their relatives at surface. Improving understanding of ecotoxicological effects on subterranean-adapted species will require extensive analysis of physiological responses to a wide range of untested stressors, standardization of testing protocols and evaluation of exposures under realistic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Castaño-Sánchez
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Grant C Hose
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, 2109, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ana Sofia P S Reboleira
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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16
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Benamar A, Tian Y, Portet-Koltalo F, Ammami MT, Giusti-Petrucciani N, Song Y, Boulangé-Lecomte C. Enhanced electrokinetic remediation of multi-contaminated dredged sediments and induced effect on their toxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 228:744-755. [PMID: 31071561 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrokinetic (EK) remediation is often developed for metal decontamination but shows limitations for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) which are nonionic and involve low aqueous solubility. This paper reports many laboratory studies devoted to the investigations of EK efficiency on the mobility and the removal of metals, PAHs and PCBs from dredged sediments, using a mixture of chelating agent and surfactants. The results showed that increasing chelating agent concentration was favorable for both metal and PAH removal. Applying a periodic voltage gradient associated to a low concentration of additives provided the best removal of Zn, Cd and Pb and also the 16 priority PAHs. The tested fresh harbor sediment was highly resistant to metals and organics mobilization and transport because of an aged contamination, a high buffering capacity, a very low hydraulic permeability and a high organic matter content. However, experiments performed on a former sediment which was deposited many years ago provided better removal results, involving low organic matter and carbonates content. The efficiency of the EK process was also assessed by measuring the acute toxicity of the EK-treated sediment on the copepod Eurytemora affinis exposed to sediment elutriates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Benamar
- Normandie University, ULHN, LOMC UMR CNRS 6294, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, Le Havre, France.
| | - Y Tian
- Normandie University, ULHN, LOMC UMR CNRS 6294, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, Le Havre, France.
| | - F Portet-Koltalo
- Normandie University, URN, COBRA UMR CNRS 6014, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, Evreux, France.
| | - M T Ammami
- CESI, Engineering School, Civil Engineering Department, Nanterre, Paris, France.
| | - N Giusti-Petrucciani
- Normandie University, ULHN, SEBIO UMR-I 02, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, Le Havre, France.
| | - Y Song
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| | - C Boulangé-Lecomte
- Normandie University, ULHN, SEBIO UMR-I 02, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, Le Havre, France.
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17
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Grazing Potential—A Functional Plankton Food Web Metric for Ecological Water Quality Assessment in Mediterranean Lakes. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11061274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Grazing potential (GP, in % day−1) was estimated for the plankton communities of 13 Greek lakes covering the trophic spectrum, in order to examine its sensitiveness in discriminating different classes of ecological water quality. Lakes with high GP values exhibited high zooplankton biomass dominated by large cladocerans or/and calanoids while lakes with low GP values had increased phytoplankton biomass and/or domination of small-bodied zooplankton indicating intensive fish predation. GP successfully distinguished among ecological water quality classes (estimated using the phytoplankton water quality index PhyCoI) indicating its potential use as a metric for ecological water quality assessment. As a next step, PhyCoI index was modified to include GP as a metric in order to enhance the phytoplankton-based ecological status classification of lakes incorporating zooplankton as a supporting factor. The PhyCoIGP successfully assessed the ecological water quality in accordance with PhyCoI classification whereas it was significantly correlated with the eutrophication proxy TSISD based on Secchi Depth. Thus, we propose to use the modified phytoplankton index PhyCoIGP for monitoring the ecological water quality of lakes.
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18
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Di Lorenzo T, Castaño-Sánchez A, Di Marzio WD, García-Doncel P, Nozal Martínez L, Galassi DMP, Iepure S. The role of freshwater copepods in the environmental risk assessment of caffeine and propranolol mixtures in the surface water bodies of Spain. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:227-236. [PMID: 30583214 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study we aimed at assessing: (i) the environmental risk posed by mixtures of caffeine and propranolol to the freshwater ecosystems of Spain; (ii) the sensitivity of freshwater copepod species to the two compounds; (iii) if the toxicity of caffeine and propranolol to freshwater copepods contributes to the environmental risk posed by the two compounds in the freshwater bodies of Spain. The environmental risk was computed as the ratio of MECs (i.e. the measured environmental concentrations) to PNECs (i.e. the respective predicted no-effect concentrations). The effects of caffeine and propranolol on the freshwater cyclopoid Diacyclops crassicaudis crassicaudis were tested both individually and in binary mixtures. Propranolol posed an environmental risk in some but not in all the surface water ecosystems of Spain investigated in this study, while caffeine posed an environmental risk to all the investigated freshwater bodies, both as single compound and in the mixture with propranolol. Propranolol was the most toxic compound to D. crassicaudis crassicaudis, while caffeine was non-toxic to this species. The CA model predicted the toxicity of the propranolol and caffeine mixture for this species. D. crassicaudis crassicaudis was much less sensitive than several other aquatic species to both compounds. The sensitivity of D. crassicaudis crassicaudis does not increase the environmental risk posed by the two compounds in the freshwater bodies of Spain, however, further testing is recommended since the effect of toxicants on freshwater copepods can be more pronounced under multiple stressors and temperature increasing due to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Di Lorenzo
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Andrea Castaño-Sánchez
- IMDEA Water Institute, Calle Punto Com 2, Edificio ZYE 2, Parque Científico Tecnológico de la Universidad de Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Walter Darío Di Marzio
- Programa de Investigación en Ecotoxicología, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján - Comisión Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICET, Argentina
| | - Patricia García-Doncel
- IMDEA Water Institute, Calle Punto Com 2, Edificio ZYE 2, Parque Científico Tecnológico de la Universidad de Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Leonor Nozal Martínez
- IMDEA Water Institute, Calle Punto Com 2, Edificio ZYE 2, Parque Científico Tecnológico de la Universidad de Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Diana Maria Paola Galassi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio 1, Coppito, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Sanda Iepure
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, José Beltrán Martínez, 2, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain; University of Gdańsk, Faculty of Biology, Department of Genetics and Biosystematics, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
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Tian Y, Boulangé-Lecomte C, Benamar A, Giusti-Petrucciani N, Duflot A, Olivier S, Frederick C, Forget-Leray J, Portet-Koltalo F. Application of a crustacean bioassay to evaluate a multi-contaminated (metal, PAH, PCB) harbor sediment before and after electrokinetic remediation using eco-friendly enhancing agents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:944-953. [PMID: 28724226 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrokinetic (EK) remediation can be a suitable technology for treating contaminated dredged harbor sediment, stored on terrestrial disposal sites. Citric acid (CA) and biosurfactants (rhamnolipids and saponin) were chosen as enhancing agents for simultaneous metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn) and PAH/PCB removal by EK because of their potential low toxicity with a view to site restoration. Three EK runs were performed using a periodic voltage (1Vcm-1) and various concentrations of agents. The best combination of CA (0.2molL-1) and saponin (0.85gL-1) did not remove high amounts of metals (4.4-15.8%) and provided only slightly better results for PAH and PCB removal (29.2% and 38.2%, respectively). The harbor sediment was highly resistant to metal and organics mobilization and transport because of an aged contamination, a high buffering capacity, a very low hydraulic permeability and a high organic matter content. The efficiency of the EK process was also assessed by measuring the acute toxicity of the EK-treated sediment on E. affinis copepods exposed to sediment elutriates. Fortunately, the use of CA and biosurfactants did not significantly impact on sediment toxicity. Some treated sediment sections, particularly those near the anode compartment, were statistically more toxic than the raw sediment. More particularly, E. affinis copepods were significantly sensitive to low pH values and oxidative conditions, to Cu, and to a lesser extent to Pb amounts. The speciation of these metals probably changed in these pH and redox conditions so that they became more easily leachable and bioavailable. In contrast, toxicity was negatively correlated to PAH and PCB amounts after EK treatment, probably due to the production of oxidized metabolites of PAHs and PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tian
- Normandie University, ULHN, LOMC UMR CNRS 6294, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 53 rue de Prony, 76600 Le Havre, France; Normandie University, URN, COBRA UMR CNRS 6014, 55 rue Saint Germain, 27000 Evreux, France.
| | - C Boulangé-Lecomte
- Normandie University, ULHN, SEBIO UMR-I 02, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France.
| | - A Benamar
- Normandie University, ULHN, LOMC UMR CNRS 6294, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, 53 rue de Prony, 76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - N Giusti-Petrucciani
- Normandie University, ULHN, SEBIO UMR-I 02, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France.
| | - A Duflot
- Normandie University, ULHN, SEBIO UMR-I 02, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France.
| | - S Olivier
- Normandie University, ULHN, SEBIO UMR-I 02, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France.
| | - C Frederick
- Normandie University, ULHN, SEBIO UMR-I 02, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France
| | - J Forget-Leray
- Normandie University, ULHN, SEBIO UMR-I 02, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France.
| | - F Portet-Koltalo
- Normandie University, URN, COBRA UMR CNRS 6014, 55 rue Saint Germain, 27000 Evreux, France.
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20
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Boulangé-Lecomte C, Xuereb B, Trémolet G, Duflot A, Giusti N, Olivier S, Legrand E, Forget-Leray J. Controversial use of vitellogenin as a biomarker of endocrine disruption in crustaceans: New adverse pieces of evidence in the copepod Eurytemora affinis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 201:66-75. [PMID: 28974407 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the interest in the use of vitellogenin (VTG) as a biomarker of endocrine disruption in fish has led to VTG being considered as a potential tool in invertebrates. Among aquatic invertebrate models in ecotoxicology, the copepods are considered as reference species in marine, estuarine and freshwater ecosystems. In this context, we identified a VTG cDNA in Eurytemora affinis. The Ea-VTG2 cDNA is 5416bp in length with an open reading frame (ORF) of 5310bp that encodes a putative protein of 1769 amino acids residues. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the hypothesis of a VTG duplication event before the emergence of the copepod species. The analysis of the Ea-VTG2 expression by qPCR in males and females according to their reproductive stages allowed transcript basal levels to be determined. The expression pattern revealed a gradual increase of transcript levels during maturation in females. Important inter-sex differences were observed with a VTG level in males ranging from about 1900- to 6800-fold lower than in females depending on their stage. Moreover, the protein was only detected in ovigerous females. The inducibility of Ea-VTG2 by chemicals was studied in males exposed to either a model of endocrine disruptor in vertebrates i.e. 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) or a crustacean hormone i.e. Methyl Farnesoate (MF), and in males sampled from a multi-contaminated estuary. No induction was highlighted. The VTG should not be considered as an appropriate biomarker in E. affinis as previously suggested for other crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benoit Xuereb
- Normandie Univ, ULHN, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France
| | - Gauthier Trémolet
- Normandie Univ, ULHN, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France
| | - Aurélie Duflot
- Normandie Univ, ULHN, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France
| | - Nathalie Giusti
- Normandie Univ, ULHN, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France
| | - Stéphanie Olivier
- Normandie Univ, ULHN, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France
| | - Elena Legrand
- Normandie Univ, ULHN, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France
| | - Joëlle Forget-Leray
- Normandie Univ, ULHN, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE BP 1123, F-76063 Le Havre, France
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Korosi JB, Thienpont JR, Smol JP, Blais JM. Paleo-ecotoxicology: What Can Lake Sediments Tell Us about Ecosystem Responses to Environmental Pollutants? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:9446-9457. [PMID: 28763202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The development of effective risk reduction strategies for aquatic pollutants requires a comprehensive understanding of toxic impacts on ecosystems. Classical toxicological studies are effective for characterizing pollutant impacts on biota in a controlled, simplified environment. Nonetheless, it is well-acknowledged that predictions based on the results of these studies must be tested over the long-term in a natural ecosystem setting to account for increased complexity and multiple stressors. Paleolimnology (the study of lake sediment cores to reconstruct environmental change) can address many key knowledge gaps. When used as part of a weight-of-evidence framework with more traditional approaches in ecotoxicology, it can facilitate rapid advances in our understanding of the chronic effects of pollutants on ecosystems in an environmentally realistic, multistressor context. Paleolimnology played a central role in the Acid Rain debates, as it was instrumental in demonstrating industrial emissions caused acidification of lakes and associated ecosystem-wide impacts. "Resurrection Ecology" (hatching dormant resting eggs deposited in the past) records evolutionary responses of populations to chronic pollutant exposure. With recent technological advances (e.g., geochemistry, genomic approaches), combined with an emerging paleo-ecotoxicological framework that leverages strengths across multiple disciplines, paleolimnology will continue to provide valuable insights into the most pressing questions in ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B Korosi
- Department of Geography, York University , Toronto, Ontario Canada , M3J 1P3
| | - Joshua R Thienpont
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario Canada , K1N 6N5
| | - John P Smol
- Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Lab (PEARL), Department of Biology, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Jules M Blais
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario Canada , K1N 6N5
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22
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Cifoni M, Galassi DMP, Faraloni C, Di Lorenzo T. Test procedures for measuring the (sub)chronic effects of chemicals on the freshwater cyclopoid Eucyclops serrulatus. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 173:89-98. [PMID: 28107718 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study has been to describe test procedures for measuring the (sub)chronic effects of chemicals on the freshwater cyclopoid Eucyclops serrulatus. To this end we have adapted the setting of the standard full life-cycle protocol of the marine harpacticoid A. tenuiremis to E. serrulatus. We have tested the effects of 4 different diets, two temperatures and two rearing volumes on the survival, development, reproduction and population growth rates of this species. Our results have highlighted that full life-cycle tests can be run using 2 mL-glass vials, a diet consisting of a mixture of living cells of Chlorella sorokiniana and Scenedesmus quadricauda, at either 25 °C (test duration: 42 days) or 18 °C (test duration: 51 days). However, the best performance in terms of survival, development, reproducibility and population growth rates with this species was obtained at 18 °C, albeit with significantly longer test duration. Subchronic tests in 2 mL-glass vials with the mixture microalgal diet at both temperatures are available options if considered appropriate for the objectives of a given study. In particular, developmental tests from nauplius to copepodid may profitably be performed in about 11 days at 18 °C and in 6 days at 25 °C. Under the same test conditions, subchronic tests from copepodid to adult may be run in 19 days at 18 °C and in 16 days at 25 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cifoni
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio 1, Coppito, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy; Institute of Ecosystem Study - CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Diana Maria Paola Galassi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Vetoio 1, Coppito, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Cecilia Faraloni
- Institute of Ecosystem Study - CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Tiziana Di Lorenzo
- Institute of Ecosystem Study - CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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23
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Legrand E, Boulangé-Lecomte C, Restoux G, Trémolet G, Duflot A, Forget-Leray J. Individual and mixture acute toxicity of model pesticides chlordecone and pyriproxyfen in the estuarine copepod Eurytemora affinis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:5976-5984. [PMID: 28032285 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to the increase in the use of phytosanitary products during the last few decades, the importance to study the effect of pesticide mixtures has been established. In this study, we investigated the acute toxicity of two model insecticides, chlordecone (CLD) and pyriproxyfen (PXF), alone and in mixtures, in the estuarine copepod Eurytemora affinis. After 48 h of exposure, the relative LC50 were 73.24 and 131.61 μg/L for PXF and CLD, respectively. The lower concentration tested (10 μg/L) did not affect the mortality of E. affinis whatever the considered chemical compound. To understand the interaction between compounds in mixture, the results were fitted to the concentration addition, Vølund, and Hewlett models. The best fit was obtained with the Hewlett model, suggesting a synergistic effect of the mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Legrand
- Normandie Univ, ULHN, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE BP 1123, F-76063, Le Havre, France
| | | | - Gwendal Restoux
- INRA/AgroParisTech, UMR 1313 Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative, Domaine de Vilvert, 78352, Jouy-en-josas cedex, France
| | - Gauthier Trémolet
- Normandie Univ, ULHN, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE BP 1123, F-76063, Le Havre, France
| | - Aurélie Duflot
- Normandie Univ, ULHN, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE BP 1123, F-76063, Le Havre, France
| | - Joëlle Forget-Leray
- Normandie Univ, ULHN, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE BP 1123, F-76063, Le Havre, France.
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24
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Legrand E, Forget-Leray J, Duflot A, Olivier S, Thomé JP, Danger JM, Boulangé-Lecomte C. Transcriptome analysis of the copepod Eurytemora affinis upon exposure to endocrine disruptor pesticides: Focus on reproduction and development. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 176:64-75. [PMID: 27111276 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Copepods-which include freshwater and marine species-represent the most abundant group of aquatic invertebrates. Among them, the calanoid copepod Eurytemora affinis is widely represented in the northern hemisphere estuaries and has become a species of interest in ecotoxicology. Like other non-target organisms, E. affinis may be exposed to a wide range of chemicals such as endocrine disruptors (EDs). This study investigated the gene expression variation in E. affinis after exposure to ED pesticides-chosen as model EDs-in order to (i) improve the knowledge on their effects in crustaceans, and (ii) highlight relevant transcripts for further development of potential biomarkers of ED exposure/effect. The study focused on the reproduction function in response to ED. Copepods were exposed to sublethal concentrations of pyriproxyfen (PXF) and chlordecone (CLD) separately. After 48h, males and females (400 individuals each) were sorted for RNA extraction. Their transcriptome was pyrosequenced using the Illumina(®) technology. Contigs were blasted and functionally annotated using Blast2GO(®). The differential expression analysis between ED- and acetone-exposed organisms was performed according to sexes and contaminants. Half of the 19,721 contigs provided by pyrosequencing were annotated, mostly (80%) from arthropod sequences. Overall, 2,566 different genes were differentially expressed after ED exposures in comparison with controls. As many genes were differentially expressed after PXF exposure as after CLD exposure. In contrast, more genes were differentially expressed in males than in females after both exposures. Ninety-seven genes overlapped in all conditions. Finally, 31 transcripts involved in reproduction, growth and development, and changed in both chemical exposures were selected as potential candidates for future development of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléna Legrand
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Joëlle Forget-Leray
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Aurélie Duflot
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Stéphanie Olivier
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Thomé
- University of Liège, Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology (LEAE), Centre for Analytical Research and Technology (CART), 4000 SART-Tilman, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Michel Danger
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Céline Boulangé-Lecomte
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
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25
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Gergs A, Classen S, Strauss T, Ottermanns R, Brock TCM, Ratte HT, Hommen U, Preuss TG. Ecological Recovery Potential of Freshwater Organisms: Consequences for Environmental Risk Assessment of Chemicals. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 236:259-294. [PMID: 26423077 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-20013-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemical contaminants released into the in the environment may have adverse effects on (non-target) species, populations and communities. The return of a stressed system to its pre-disturbance or other reference state, i.e. the ecological recovery, may depend on various factors related to the affected taxon, the ecosystem of concern and the type of stressor with consequences for the assessment and management of risks associated with chemical contaminants. Whereas the effects caused by short-term exposure might be acceptable to some extent, the conditions under which ecological recovery can serve as a decision criterion in the environmental risk assessment of chemical stressors remains to be evaluated. For a generic consideration of recovery in the risk assessment of chemicals, we reviewed case studies of natural and artificial aquatic systems and evaluate five aspects that might cause variability in population recovery time: (1) taxonomic differences and life-history variability, (2) factors related to ecosystem type and community processes, (3) type of disturbance, (4) comparison of field and semi-field studies, and (5) effect magnitude, i.e., the decline in population size following disturbance. We discuss our findings with regard to both retrospective assessments and prospective risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Gergs
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, Aachen, 52074, Germany.
- Department of Environmental, Social and Spatial Change, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, Roskilde, 4000, Denmark.
| | - Silke Classen
- Research Institute for Ecosystem Analysis and Assessment (gaiac), Kackertstrasse 10, Aachen, 52072, Germany
| | - Tido Strauss
- Research Institute for Ecosystem Analysis and Assessment (gaiac), Kackertstrasse 10, Aachen, 52072, Germany
| | - Richard Ottermanns
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Theo C M Brock
- Alterra, Team Environmental Risk Assessment, Wageningen University and Research Centre, 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Toni Ratte
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Udo Hommen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Auf dem Aberg 1, Schmallenberg, 57392, Germany
| | - Thomas G Preuss
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, Aachen, 52074, Germany
- Bayer Cropscience, Alfred-Nobel-Str. 50, Monheim am Rhein, 40789, Germany
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26
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Marus EM, Elphick JR, Bailey HC. A New Toxicity Test Using the Freshwater Copepod Cyclops vernalis. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2015; 95:357-362. [PMID: 26183385 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1592-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The cladocerans Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia magna are widely used in environmental toxicity testing and the test methodologies for these species are well developed. However, copepods are a much more abundant contributor to zooplankton in many lakes, but they are not routinely used in toxicity tests. Therefore, we propose toxicity test methods for the freshwater copepod, Cyclops vernalis assessing effects on its survival and growth. A case study is presented in which the proposed test was performed with a range of concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) and used as part of a test battery to develop a site-specific water quality objective. C. vernalis was less sensitive to TDS compared to D. magna and C. dubia, but similarly sensitive to an alga, a diatom, a rotifer, a chironomid, and two fish species. No adverse effects were observed on survival or growth of C. vernalis at TDS concentrations up to 1500 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Marus
- Nautilus Environmental, 8664 Commerce Court, Burnaby, BC, V5A 4N7, Canada
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27
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Trapp J, Geffard O, Imbert G, Gaillard JC, Davin AH, Chaumot A, Armengaud J. Proteogenomics of Gammarus fossarum to document the reproductive system of amphipods. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:3612-25. [PMID: 25293947 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m114.038851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of their ecological importance, amphipod crustacea are employed worldwide as test species in environmental risk assessment. Although proteomics allows new insights into the molecular mechanisms related to the stress response, such investigations are rare for these organisms because of the lack of comprehensive protein sequence databases. Here, we propose a proteogenomic approach for identifying specific proteins of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus fossarum, a keystone species in European freshwater ecosystems. After deep RNA sequencing, we created a comprehensive ORF database. We identified and annotated the most relevant proteins detected through a shotgun tandem mass spectrometry analysis carried out on the proteomes from three major tissues involved in the organism's reproductive function: the male and female reproductive systems, and the cephalon, where different neuroendocrine glands are present. The 1,873 mass-spectrometry-certified proteins represent the largest crustacean proteomic resource to date, with 218 proteins being lineage specific. Comparative proteomics between the male and female reproductive systems indicated key proteins with strong sexual dimorphism. Protein expression profiles during spermatogenesis at seven different stages highlighted the major gammarid proteins involved in the different facets of reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Trapp
- From the ‡Irstea, Unité de Recherche MALY, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, CS70077, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France; §CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Biochim System Perturb, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, F-30207, France
| | - Olivier Geffard
- From the ‡Irstea, Unité de Recherche MALY, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, CS70077, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France;
| | - Gilles Imbert
- §CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Biochim System Perturb, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, F-30207, France
| | | | - Anne-Hélène Davin
- §CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Biochim System Perturb, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, F-30207, France
| | - Arnaud Chaumot
- From the ‡Irstea, Unité de Recherche MALY, Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, CS70077, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- §CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Biochim System Perturb, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, F-30207, France
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28
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Kulkarni D, Hommen U, Schäffer A, Preuss TG. Ecological interactions affecting population-level responses to chemical stress in Mesocyclops leuckarti. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 112:340-347. [PMID: 25048925 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Higher tiers of ecological risk assessment (ERA) consider population and community-level endpoints. At the population level, the phenomenon of density dependence is one of the most important ecological processes that influence population dynamics. In this study, we investigated how different mechanisms of density dependence would influence population-level ERA of the cyclopoid copepod Mesocyclops leuckarti under toxicant exposure. We used a combined approach of laboratory experiments and individual-based modelling. An individual-based model was developed for M. leuckarti to simulate population dynamics under triphenyltin exposure based on individual-level ecological and toxicological data from laboratory experiments. The study primarily aimed to-(1) determine which life-cycle processes, based on feeding strategies, are most significant in determining density dependence (2) explore how these mechanisms of density dependence affect extrapolation from individual-level effects to the population level under toxicant exposure. Model simulations showed that cannibalism of nauplii that were already stressed by TPT exposure contributed to synergistic effects of biotic and abiotic factors and led to a twofold stress being exerted on the nauplii, thereby resulting in a higher population vulnerability compared to the scenario without cannibalism. Our results suggest that in population-level risk assessment, it is easy to underestimate toxicity unless underlying ecological interactions including mechanisms of population-level density regulation are considered. This study is an example of how a combined approach of experiments and mechanistic modelling can lead to a thorough understanding of ecological processes in ecotoxicology and enable a more realistic ERA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devdutt Kulkarni
- Institute for Environmental Research, Biology V, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Udo Hommen
- Fraunhofer IME - Division Applied Ecology, Department Ecotoxicology, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany.
| | - Andreas Schäffer
- Institute for Environmental Research, Biology V, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Thomas G Preuss
- Institute for Environmental Research, Biology V, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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29
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Dallas T, Drake JM. Relative importance of environmental, geographic, and spatial variables on zooplankton metacommunities. Ecosphere 2014. [DOI: 10.1890/es14-00071.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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30
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Di Lorenzo T, Di Marzio WD, Sáenz ME, Baratti M, Dedonno AA, Iannucci A, Cannicci S, Messana G, Galassi DMP. Sensitivity of hypogean and epigean freshwater copepods to agricultural pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:4643-55. [PMID: 24352541 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Widespread pollution from agriculture is one of the major causes of the poor freshwater quality currently observed across Europe. Several studies have addressed the direct impact of agricultural pollutants on freshwater biota by means of laboratory bioassays; however, as far as copepod crustaceans are concerned, the ecotoxicological research is scarce for freshwater species and almost nonexistent for the hypogean ones. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the available literature data on the sensitivity of freshwater copepods to agricultural pollutants. We also assessed the acute and chronic sensitivity of a hypogean and an epigean species, both belonging to the Crustacea Copepoda Cyclopoida Cyclopidae, to two N-fertilizers (urea and ammonium nitrate) and two herbicides (ARIANE(TM) II from Dow AgroSciences LLC, and Imazamox), widely used for cereal agriculture in Europe. According to the literature review, freshwater copepods are sensitive to a range of pesticides and N-fertilizers. Ecotoxicological studies on hypogean species of copepods account only one study. There are no standardized protocols available for acute and chronic toxicity tests for freshwater copepods, making comparisons about sensitivity difficult. From our experiments, ionized ammonia proved to be more toxic than the herbicide Imazamox, in both short and chronic bioassays. Urea was the less toxic chemical for both species. The hypogean species was more sensitive than the epigean one to all chemicals. For both species and for all tested chemicals, acute lethality and chronic lethality were induced at concentrations higher than the law limits of good water body quality in Europe, except for ionized ammonia, which provoked the chronic lethality of the hypogean species at a lower concentration. The hazardous concentration (HC) of un-ionized ammonia for 5 % of freshwater copepods, obtained by a species sensitivity distribution, was 92 μg l(-1), significantly lower than the HC computed for traditional test species from freshwater environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Di Lorenzo
- Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy,
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31
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Kulkarni D, Daniels B, Preuss TG. Life-stage-dependent sensitivity of the cyclopoid copepod Mesocyclops leuckarti to triphenyltin. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 92:1145-1153. [PMID: 23466081 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The effects of triphenyltin (TPT) on non-target aquatic groups like copepods have not yet been studied in detail. Recently, Mesocyclops leuckarti was suggested as a representative species for freshwater cyclopoid copepods to study the effects of plant protection products. We conducted 96h acute toxicity tests in the laboratory to study the effects of TPT on the different life stages of M. leuckarti. We used the recently proposed General Unified Threshold model of Survival (GUTS) to mechanistically describe the underlying toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic process for the nauplii, copepodites and adults (males and females) of M. leuckarti. Experimental results showed that nauplii were significantly more sensitive to TPT compared to the other stages. Also, the 96h LC50 values were much lower than the 48h LC50 values, suggesting that standard acute toxicity test durations for aquatic invertebrates may underestimate toxic effects with respect to compounds like TPT which have a slow mechanism of action. The GUTS analysis, which mechanistically described the toxicity of TPT to the different life stages of M. leuckarti, suggested that the differences in sensitivity were a consequence of a lower threshold of effects in the nauplii compared to a higher threshold in the later stages. This study shows the potential of using the GUTS to understand how toxic compounds interact with different life-stages. Further experiments to provide a more detailed understanding of toxicokinetics of TPT in copepods could be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devdutt Kulkarni
- Institute for Environmental Research, Biology V, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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32
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Brock TCM. Priorities to improve the ecological risk assessment and management for pesticides in surface water. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2013; 9:e64-e74. [PMID: 23610040 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.1429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This article deals with prospective and retrospective ecological risk assessment (ERA) procedures for pesticides in surface waters as carried out under European legislation (Regulation 1107/2009/EC; Directive 2009/128/EC; Directive 2000/60/EC). Priorities to improve the aquatic risk assessment and management of pesticides are discussed on basis of the following 5 theses: 1) the management of the environmental risks of pesticides in surface water requires an appropriate implementation of feedback mechanisms between prospective and retrospective ERA, 2) an appropriate ERA cannot be carried out without well-defined specific protection goals, described in terms of focal vulnerable populations and related exposure assessment goals, 3) the interaction between the assessment of exposure and eco(toxico)logical effects in ERA is at a lower level of sophistication than either assessment of exposure or assessment of effects in the field, 4) there is insufficient experimental proof that, in prospective ERA, the chronic effect assessment procedures accurately predict long-term population- and community-level impacts, and 5) multiple stress by pesticides in aquatic ecosystems cannot be ignored in ERA, but in individual water bodies, toxicity usually is dominated by a limited number of substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo C M Brock
- Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, The Netherlands.
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