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Bajt O, Mavrič B, Milačič R, Ščančar J, Zuliani T, Lipej L. Bioaccumulation of organotin compounds in the marbled electric ray (Torpedo marmorata) in the northern Adriatic Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 204:116511. [PMID: 38820978 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Organotin compounds (OTC), tri-, di- and monobutyl tin, were determined in the tissues of marbled electric ray (Torpedo marmorata) in the Adriatic Sea. Marbled electric ray specimens were provided by local fishermen from three localities in the northern Adriatic: area close to the shipyard in Seča, the natural protected area Strunjan Nature Reserve and along the west Istrian coast. To assess the concentration of OTC in the environment, sediment samples were also analysed. After an adequate extraction of OTC from both matrices, their concentrations were determined by GC-ICP-MS. The results indicate that the accumulation of TBT (tributyltin) and DBT (dibutyltin) in the marbled electric ray is related to the possible pollution sources, since their total concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the area close to the shipyard (up to 69 μg Sn kg-1, w.w.) in comparison to the other two areas less affected by direct pollution (up to 7 μg Sn kg-1, w.w.). TBT concentrations ranged from 2 to 42 μg Sn kg-1, w.w., DBT concentrations were in the range from 2 to 22 μg Sn kg-1, w.w., and MBT concentrations were mostly below the detection limit with the highest up to 4 μg Sn kg-1, w.w. The proportion of the three determined congener concentrations in sediment samples indicate a temporally older pollution with these compounds, with prevailing DBT and MBT concentrations up to 30 μg Sn kg-1, w.w., and much lower TBT concentrations up to 7 μg Sn kg-1, w.w. According to our results, marbled electric ray could be considered as an ideal bioindicator of environmental pollution due to its ecological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Bajt
- National Institut of Biology, Marine biology station, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia.
| | - Borut Mavrič
- National Institut of Biology, Marine biology station, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia
| | - Radmila Milačič
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Ščančar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tea Zuliani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lovrenc Lipej
- National Institut of Biology, Marine biology station, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia
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Lipizer M, Berto D, Cermelj B, Fafandjel M, Formalewicz M, Hatzianestis I, Ilijanić N, Kaberi H, Kralj M, Matijevic S, Molina Jack ME, Parinos C, Tronczynski J, Giani M. Trace metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Eastern Mediterranean sediments: Concentration ranges as a tool for quality control of large data collections. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114181. [PMID: 36308819 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the status of marine pollution at regional and sub-regional scales requires the use of comparable and harmonized data provided by multiple institutions, located in several countries. Standardized data management and quality control are crucial for supporting a coherent evaluation of marine pollution. Taking the Eastern Mediterranean Sea as a case study, we propose an approach to improve the quality control procedures used for sediment pollution data, thus supporting a harmonized environmental assessment. The regional ranges of contaminant concentrations in sediments were identified based on an in-depth literature review, and the lowest measured concentrations were evaluated to determine the "background concentrations" of chemical substances not yet targeted in the Mediterranean Sea. In addition, to verify the suitability of the approach for validating large data collections provided by multiple sources, the determined ranges were used to validate a regional dataset available through EMODnet data infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lipizer
- OGS, National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics, Trieste, Italy.
| | - D Berto
- ISPRA, Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Chioggia, Italy.
| | - B Cermelj
- NIB, National Institute of Biology, Piran, Slovenia.
| | - M Fafandjel
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Center for Marine Research, Rovinj, Croatia.
| | - M Formalewicz
- ISPRA, Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Chioggia, Italy.
| | - I Hatzianestis
- HCMR, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece.
| | - N Ilijanić
- Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - H Kaberi
- HCMR, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece
| | - M Kralj
- OGS, National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics, Trieste, Italy.
| | - S Matijevic
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Split, Croatia.
| | - M E Molina Jack
- OGS, National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics, Trieste, Italy.
| | - C Parinos
- HCMR, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece.
| | - J Tronczynski
- Ifremer, CCEM Contamination Chimique des Écosystèmes Marins, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - M Giani
- OGS, National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics, Trieste, Italy.
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Zhang F, Xu Z, Xu X, Liang L, Chen Z, Dong X, Luo K, Dinis F, Qiu G. Terrestrial mercury and methylmercury bioaccumulation and trophic transfer in subtropical urban forest food webs. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134424. [PMID: 35351481 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the "lungs of the city", urban forests can improve air quality by absorbing air pollutants, becoming hotspots for mercury (Hg) pollution from anthropogenic activities. However, the bioaccumulation and transfer of Hg in the urban forest food web are unclear. In this study, total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations, as well as the stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) in organisms with different trophic levels (TLs) were investigated in a mid-subtropical urban forest of the Changpoling Forest Park (CFP) in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, southwestern China. The results showed that THg and MeHg among all taxa ranged from 5.6 to 1267 ng g-1 and 0.046-692 ng g-1, respectively. MeHg% (% of Hg present as MeHg) at different TLs exhibited a wide range of 5.0-69% on average. Both THg and MeHg increased with the TLs from plants to nestling birds, indicating distinct biomagnification through the food web of grasses/pine needles - grasshoppers/caterpillars/katydids/mantis - spiders/songbird nestlings. The trophic magnification slope (TMS) of THg and MeHg were 0.18 ± 0.05 and 0.37 ± 0.08, respectively, suggesting both of them significantly increase along food webs. These findings improve the understanding of biogeochemical Hg cycles in terrestrial food webs and highlight the impacts of terrestrial MeHg on nestling birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fudong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Zhidong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Xiaohang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Longchao Liang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China.
| | - Xian Dong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Kang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; Ailaoshan Station for Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Studies, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jingdong, 676200, China
| | - Faustino Dinis
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Guangle Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
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Baró-Camarasa I, Marmolejo-Rodríguez AJ, O'Hara TM, Castellini JM, Murillo-Cisneros DA, Martínez-Rincón RO, Elorriaga-Verplancken FR, Galván-Magaña F. Mercury maternal transfer in two placental sharks and a yolk-sac ray from Baja California Sur, Mexico. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 179:113672. [PMID: 35512518 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Total mercury (THg) concentrations were measured in muscle and liver of two placental viviparous sharks, the Pacific sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon longurio) and the brown smooth-hound (Mustelus henlei); as well as in the muscle, liver, and yolk of the yolk-sac viviparous speckled guitarfish (Pseudobatos glaucostigmus) in Baja California Sur. The aim was to determine which factors could be involved in maternal transfer and resultant maternal and embryonic THg concentration. Higher THg concentrations were found in pregnant females compared to embryos paired tissues. THg concentrations of embryo tissues decreased with total length (TL), except for the muscle of the Pacific sharpnose shark. THg concentrations of embryo muscle was positively related to THg concentration in the muscle of pregnant females. Embryos TL, muscle THg concentration of pregnant females, percentage of THg concentration in embryos, along with the reproductive strategy are relevant factors required to improve our understanding of THg concentration in embryo tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isis Baró-Camarasa
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico
| | - Ana J Marmolejo-Rodríguez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico
| | - Todd M O'Hara
- Bilingual Laboratory of Toxicology, Dept. of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, C.P. 4461, TX, USA; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Alaska Fairbanks, C.P. 99775, AK, USA
| | - J Margaret Castellini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Alaska Fairbanks, C.P. 99775, AK, USA
| | - Daniela A Murillo-Cisneros
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Planeación Ambiental y Conservación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico
| | - Raúl O Martínez-Rincón
- CONACYT-Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico
| | | | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23096, Mexico.
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5
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Dissolved Gaseous Mercury (DGM) in the Gulf of Trieste, Northern Adriatic Sea. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10050587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Continuous dissolved gaseous mercury (DGM) measurements were performed during the summer months (May to September 2019) in the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea), a well-studied contaminated site due to releases of mercury from the former mercury mine Idrija in Slovenia. Continuous DGM data were regularly checked by the discrete manual method to assure traceability and comparability of the results and used for the calculation of the upward flux of Hg(0) between the water and the air compartment, using the gas exchange model applied in previous studies in the Mediterranean Sea. DGM concentrations measured by continuous and discrete methods showed good agreement, 68.7 and 73.5 ng·m−3, respectively. The diurnal DGM variability examined by sorting the DGM concentrations in 24 1-h intervals was extremely low (68.3–69.2 ng·m−3). Various environmental parameters measured at oceanographic buoy Vida, and the nearby stations were used to determine the relationship between DGM and the individual environmental parameters. The correlation with the oxygen saturation was pronounced during the July high DGM event (R2 = 0.70, p < 0.05), and the gradient between the bottom and surface temperature was correlated with both DGM peaks in June and July (R2 = 0.42 and R2 = 0.43, p < 0.05). Transport from the more polluted northern part of the Gulf was determined as the most probable source of both high DGM events. The computed average annual Hg(0) flux across the water–air interface (5.13 ng·m−2·h−1) was lower than those reported in recent studies. We assume that for an appropriate assessment of the Hg evasion flux and of the temporal DGM variability in such heterogeneously polluted coastal areas, both spatial and temporal coverage are required.
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Romero-Romero S, García-Ordiales E, Roqueñí N, Acuña JL. Increase in mercury and methylmercury levels with depth in a fish assemblage. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133445. [PMID: 34968522 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite their remoteness, deep-sea species bioaccumulate mercury, mostly in the form of the neurotoxin methylmercury (MeHg). Although the concentration of MeHg in the water column is known to increase with depth down to a maximum found at the base of the permanent thermocline, the knowledge of the relationship between MeHg content in marine species and their depth of occurrence is limited. We analyzed total mercury (THg) and MeHg concentrations in 25 species of fish inhabiting the Avilés Submarine Canyon and its adjacent shelf (Cantabrian Sea, North-East Atlantic) between 50 and 1868 m depth. THg concentrations ranged from 0.03 μg g-1 in wet weight (ww) in Chauliodus sloani and 4.0 μg g-1 ww in Coryphaenoides guentheri. 65% of the species analyzed exceeded 0.5 μg g-1 ww of MeHg, the maximum level for safe consumption recommended by FAO/WHO. THg and MeHg contents in muscle tissue increased with the depth of occurrence of fish and was influenced by their habitat so that demersal species had higher THg content than pelagic species inhabiting the same depth. MeHg accounted for an average 76 ± 3.9% of THg (mean ± SD), which is lower than that reported for other fish communities and can be explained by the high concentration of Hg present in sediments of the Nalón estuary, which discharges right off the Avilés Canyon head. The % of THg as MeHg was also strongly correlated with δ15N values, confirming that MeHg can be an indicator of the trophic identity of a species within the food web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Romero-Romero
- Área de Ecología, Dpto. de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, Universidad de Oviedo, Catedrático Rodrigo Uría s/n, 33071, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Efrén García-Ordiales
- ISYMA Research Group, Mining, Energy and Materials Engineering School, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Nieves Roqueñí
- ISYMA Research Group, Mining, Energy and Materials Engineering School, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - José Luis Acuña
- Área de Ecología, Dpto. de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, Universidad de Oviedo, Catedrático Rodrigo Uría s/n, 33071, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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7
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Kljaković-Gašpić Z, Tičina V. Mercury and selenium levels in archive samples of wild Atlantic bluefin tuna from the Mediterranean Sea. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131402. [PMID: 34323802 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study examined total mercury (THg) and selenium (Se) levels in archive samples (white and red muscles, liver, gills) of the wild Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT) (Thunnus thynnus) (n = 18) captured in the central Adriatic Sea. The influence of fish size, age, and tissue type on element distribution was examined. There were significant differences in THg and Se levels, and Se:THg molar ratios among tissues. THg levels were highest in liver and lowest in gills (liver > red muscle > white muscle > gills), while Se levels were also highest in liver but lowest in white muscle (liver > red muscle > gills > white muscle). Se:THg molar ratios were highest in gills (22-82), intermediate in liver (11-29) and red muscle (7-36), and lowest in white muscle (1.7-7.6). Concentrations of THg in all tissues and Se in liver and caudal muscle were positively correlated with tuna age and size, while the Se:THg molar ratio in gills and all white muscles was negatively correlated with tuna age and size, indicating that the protective role of Se against THg is reduced in older specimens. The selenium health benefit values (HBVSe) were above zero in all tissues, indicating a small excess of Se after Hg sequestration. However, since the obtained HBVSe for edible tissues were near zero (0.01-0.04), and more than 70% of white muscle samples and all red muscle samples exceeded the EU regulatory limit for THg in fish muscle, it would be advisable to limit their intake in adults to one meal per month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorana Kljaković-Gašpić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Vjekoslav Tičina
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, PO Box 500, 21000, Split, Croatia.
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8
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Hauser-Davis RA, Amorim-Lopes C, Araujo NLF, Rebouças M, Gomes RA, Rocha RCC, Saint'Pierre TD, Dos Santos LN. On mobulid rays and metals: Metal content for the first Mobula mobular record for the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and a review on metal ecotoxicology assessments for the Manta and Mobula genera. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 168:112472. [PMID: 34004480 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study comprises the first record of a juvenile Giant Devil Ray specimen for Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil, and its metal and metalloid contents. A scientometric assessment was also performed for the Manta and Mobula genera. Only five records were found, and only As, Cd, Pb, Hg, Pt, Pd and Rh have been assessed. All studies but one concerned human consumption. A significant knowledge gap on metal and metalloid ecotoxicology for mobulid rays is noted, indicating the emergence of a new field of research that th may be applied for wildlife conservation and management in response to anthropogenic contamination. Our study is also the first to provide Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Sr, Ti, V and Zn contents for muscle, liver, brain and kidney for a mobulid ray and one of the scarce reports concerning As, Cd, Hg and Pb in muscle, liver and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4.365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil.
| | - Catarina Amorim-Lopes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Ictiologia Teórica e Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Pasteur, 458, Urca, 22290-255 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nathan Lagares Franco Araujo
- Laboratório de Ictiologia Teórica e Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Pasteur, 458, Urca, 22290-255 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Mar Urbano, Rua Sérgio Porto 23, Gávea, 22451-430 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Manasi Rebouças
- Colônia de Pescadores Z-13, Praça Coronel Eugênio Franco, Copacabana, 220070-020 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrade Gomes
- Instituto Mar Urbano, Rua Sérgio Porto 23, Gávea, 22451-430 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Christian Chávez Rocha
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Chemistry Department, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, 22451-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Dillenburg Saint'Pierre
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Chemistry Department, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, 22451-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciano Neves Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Ictiologia Teórica e Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Pasteur, 458, Urca, 22290-255 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Optimization of a Digestion Method to Determine Total Mercury in Fish Tissue by Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrophotometry. Methods Protoc 2020; 3:mps3020045. [PMID: 32585795 PMCID: PMC7359707 DOI: 10.3390/mps3020045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Several microwave-assisted digestion methods were tested at the Centro de Estudios Aplicados en Química laboratory in Quito, Ecuador, to determine the accuracy and performance efficiency of the mineralization process for the determination of total mercury in fish tissue by cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry. The use of MARSEasyPrep high-pressure vessels, low amounts of reagents (1 cm3 HNO3, 1 cm3 H2O2, and 1 cm3 HClO4), an irradiation temperature of 210 °C, and 35 min of mineralization time resulted in accurate performance, with recoveries of certified reference material DORM-4 between 90.1% and 105.8%. This is better than the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 2015.01 method, which has a reported accuracy of 81%. The repeatability precision and intermediate precision were established at three concentration levels (0.167, 0.500, and 0.833 mg·kg−1) and expressed as the percentage of the relative standard deviation ranging from 1.5% to 3.0% and 1.7% to 4.2%, respectively. Further, the method was satisfactorily applied to analyze fortified samples of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), with recoveries ranging from 98.3% to 104.3%. The instrumental limits of detection and quantification were 0.118 µg·dm−3 and 0.394 µg·dm−3, respectively.
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Jinadasa BKKK, Fowler SW. Critical review of mercury contamination in Sri Lankan fish and aquatic products. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 149:110526. [PMID: 31543477 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) in fish and aquatic products is a potential threat to human health and international trade, and guidelines of international advisory bodies are established for assessing Hg in these foods. As fish are the most consumed animal protein in Sri Lanka, this assessment summarises for the first-time total mercury concentrations in Sri Lankan marine and freshwater fish, invertebrates, aquatic plants, and fisheries products. It reveals that Hg levels in fish and other edible aquatic species are mostly below the published safety limits, except for certain top trophic level fish (swordfish, tuna, marlin). The review also highlights gaps in Sri Lankan Hg assessments such as a total lack of data for methyl‑mercury in these aquatic species and food products. This data compilation and assessment will serve as an initial baseline for comparison with results from future monitoring and research studies in Sri Lanka while adding to the world-wide Hg database.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K K K Jinadasa
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory (ACL), National Aquatic Resources Research & Development Agency (NARA), Colombo 15, Sri Lanka.
| | - Scott W Fowler
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, USA
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Cinnirella S, Bruno DE, Pirrone N, Horvat M, Živković I, Evers DC, Johnson S, Sunderland EM. Mercury concentrations in biota in the Mediterranean Sea, a compilation of 40 years of surveys. Sci Data 2019; 6:205. [PMID: 31619675 PMCID: PMC6795892 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-019-0219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean Region has a long lasting legacy of mercury mining activities and a high density of sub-marine volcanoes that has strongly contributed to its mercury budget. In the last forty years, there have been recorded increases in mercury concentrations in biota that have spurred a growing number of research activities to assess the impact of mercury pollution on human health and environment. Field investigations that quantify mercury concentrations in marine biota have led to a large amount of experimental data scattered in many peer-reviewed publications making it difficult for modelling applications and regional environmental assessments. This paper reviews existing peer-reviewed literature and datasets on mercury concentration in marine flora and fauna (Animal, Plants and Chromista Kingdoms) in the Mediterranean basin. A total of 24,465 records have been retrieved from 539 sources and included in Mercury in Mediterranean Biota (M2B). Well-defined specimens account for 24,407 observations, while a few records include generic plankton and unidentified fish species. Among all considered species, we selected Diplodus sargus, Sardina pilchardus, Thunnus thynnus and Xiphias gladius to show trends of mercury concentration against WHO and EU limits. Few notes on how M2B is intended to support the implementation of the Minamata Convention on Mercury by a user-driven Knowledge Hub are finally reported. Measurement(s) | mercury | Technology Type(s) | digital curation | Factor Type(s) | geographic location • fishing area • species • sampling time • depth • weight • tissue | Sample Characteristic - Organism | Eukaryota | Sample Characteristic - Environment | ocean biome | Sample Characteristic - Location | Mediterranean Sea • Black Sea |
Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9886004
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cinnirella
- CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende, Italy.
| | - D E Bruno
- CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende, Italy
| | - N Pirrone
- CNR-Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rende, Italy
| | - M Horvat
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - I Živković
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - D C Evers
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Portland, ME, USA
| | - S Johnson
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Portland, ME, USA
| | - E M Sunderland
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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12
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Bezerra MF, Lacerda LD, Lai CT. Trace metals and persistent organic pollutants contamination in batoids (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea): A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 248:684-695. [PMID: 30849586 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Batoids (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea; e.g. stingrays, skates, and guitarfish) comprise more than 55% of elasmobranch taxa and represent ecologically important predators in benthic and pelagic habitats. Although overexploitation and habitat degradation are the two biggest threats to batoid populations, coastal and oceanic pollution is also a pervasive potential threat. In this systematic review, we compile published scientific literature on trace metals and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) contamination in elasmobranch species of the Batoidea superorder and present contamination patterns, exposure effects, and potential human exposure risks to most reported contaminants. We found batoids to accumulate a wide range of trace metals, including mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn). Accumulation of POPs is reported for chlordanes, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), dieldrin, Heptachlor epoxide, hexachlorobenzene and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Hg levels in muscle tissue were significantly different among oceanic basins and habitats, consistent with previous global assessments of Hg oceanic background levels. Some batoid species presented Hg levels higher than large pelagic teleost fishes and comparable to sharks. Ecological traits such as, bottom feeding, upper trophic position and elasmobranch-specific physiology and metabolism are discussed as potential factors associated with Hg uptake and accumulation in batoids. Some species exceeded USEPA's maximum contamination safety limits in edible tissues for Hg, As and ΣPCBs. For most trace metals and POPs, there is a lack of studies focusing on contamination levels in batoids. We recommend future research increasing reporting on POPs and trace metals besides Hg in batoids to further investigate the role of Elasmobranch as a bioindicator for marine pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moises F Bezerra
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182-4614, USA; Graduate Group in Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Luiz D Lacerda
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, 60165-081, Brazil.
| | - Chun-Ta Lai
- Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182-4614, USA.
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13
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Soulen BK, Adams DH, Roberts AP. Mercury accumulation, speciation, and temporal trends in Atlantic Stingrays (Hypanus sabinus). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 28:251-260. [PMID: 30761428 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-02014-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) deposited into aquatic sediments can be converted into the more toxic methylmercury (MeHg) by microbial activity. Atlantic stingrays (Hypanus sabinus) are an estuarine and nearshore species found in coastal regions of the western North Atlantic, occurring in multiple habitat types, and feeding mainly on benthic invertebrates. Mercury dynamics and speciation in stingrays have not been well examined. This study quantified total Hg and Hg species (Hg (II) and MeHg) in Atlantic stingrays sampled from Florida's Indian River Lagoon (IRL) from 2012 to 2013. Tissues (muscle and liver) collected from 29 stingrays were lyophilized and homogenized before being analyzed using a direct mercury analyzer. Concentrations of total Hg in muscle were positively related to stingray disk width, but concentrations in liver were not. Mean (±SD) total Hg in muscle (0.56 ± 0.30 mg/kg dw) was significantly higher than mean total Hg in liver (0.23 ± 0.19 mg/kg dw). Within liver tissue, percent MeHg (of total Hg) ranged from 31 to 99%. The ratio between total Hg in liver and total Hg in muscle was <1 for nearly all individuals, suggesting a lack of active hepatic demethylation and sequestration mechanisms. Concentrations of Hg in IRL Atlantic stingrays fall below concentrations known to result in direct toxicity to fishes; however, effects thresholds are not well understood for elasmobranchs. Comparisons of Hg concentrations in IRL Atlantic stingrays sampled previously (37 individuals in 1994) indicate that total Hg concentrations in muscle of Atlantic stingrays have decreased over the past two decades, suggesting a reduction in the bioavailable Hg in the IRL ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianne K Soulen
- Department of Biological Sciences and Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
| | - Douglas H Adams
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Indian River Field Lab, Melbourne, FL, USA
| | - Aaron P Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences and Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
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14
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Buckman KL, Lane O, Kotnik J, Bratkic A, Sprovieri F, Horvat M, Pirrone N, Evers DC, Chen CY. Spatial and taxonomic variation of mercury concentration in low trophic level fauna from the Mediterranean Sea. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:1341-1352. [PMID: 30315417 PMCID: PMC6345403 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1986-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Studies of mercury (Hg) in the Mediterranean Sea have focused on pollution sources, air-sea mercury exchange, abiotic mercury cycling, and seafood. Much less is known about methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in the lower food web. Zooplankton and small fish were sampled from the neuston layer at both coastal and open sea stations in the Mediterranean Sea during three cruise campaigns undertaken in the fall of 2011 and the summers of 2012 and 2013. Zooplankton and small fish were sorted by morphospecies, and the most abundant taxa (e.g. euphausiids, isopods, hyperiid amphipods) analyzed for methylmercury (MeHg) concentration. Unfiltered water samples were taken during the 2011 and 2012 cruises and analyzed for MeHg concentration. Multiple taxa suggested elevated MeHg concentrations in the Tyrrhenian and Balearic Seas in comparison with more eastern and western stations in the Mediterranean Sea. Spatial variation in zooplankton MeHg concentration is positively correlated with single time point whole water MeHg concentration for euphausiids and mysids and negatively correlated with maximum chlorophyll a concentration for euphausiids, mysids, and "smelt" fish. Taxonomic variation in MeHg concentration appears driven by taxonomic grouping and feeding mode. Euphausiids, due to their abundance, relative larger size, importance as a food source for other fauna, and observed relationship with surface water MeHg are a good candidate biotic group to evaluate for use in monitoring the bioavailability of MeHg for trophic transfer in the Mediterranean and potentially globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate L Buckman
- Dartmouth College, Department of Biological Sciences, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Oksana Lane
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Portland, Maine, USA
| | - Jože Kotnik
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Arne Bratkic
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- International Postgraduate School Jožef Stefan, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Analytical, Environmental, and Geo-Chemistry, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Milena Horvat
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- International Postgraduate School Jožef Stefan, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - David C Evers
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Portland, Maine, USA
| | - Celia Y Chen
- Dartmouth College, Department of Biological Sciences, Hanover, NH, USA
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15
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Manavi PN, Mazumder A. Potential risk of mercury to human health in three species of fish from the southern Caspian Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 130:1-5. [PMID: 29866535 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate mercury level in three species of fish such as Sander lucioperca, Liza aurata, and Rutilus frisii kutum. Sampling was done in the southern coasts of the Caspian Sea. The ranges of mercury level in S. lucioperca, L. aurata, and R. frisii kutum were 104.67-675.33 ppb, 60.66-175.33 ppb, and 123.33-170.33 ppb, respectively. Results revealed that the mercury level in S. lucioperca was more than the allowable limit at several sites, while it was less than the allowable limit in R. frisii kutum and L. aurata at all sampling sites. Further, the target hazard quotient (THQ) index for S. lucioperca was >1 at some sites and <1 for other species at all sites. The maximum allowable consumption for each species at the study area was measured daily and monthly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Nejatkhah Manavi
- Dept. of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Iran.
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16
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Faganeli J, Falnoga I, Horvat M, Klun K, Lipej L, Mazej D. Selenium and Mercury Interactions in Apex Predators from the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea). Nutrients 2018; 10:E278. [PMID: 29495604 PMCID: PMC5872696 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the environmental levels of selenium (Se) can moderate the bioaccumulation and toxicity of mercury (Hg) in marine organisms, their interactions were studied in seawater, sediments, plankton and the benthic (Bull ray Pteromylaeus bovinus, Eagle ray Myliobatis aquila) and the pelagic (Pelagic stingray Dasyiatis violacea) rays, as apex predators in the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea). Male and female rays showed no difference in the Se contents in muscle tissue. Pelagic species contained higher Se levels in muscle but slightly lower levels in the livers of both genders. The Hg/Se ratios in seawater dissolved and colloidal fractions, plankton and sediment were <0.5, while those in particulate matter were <1.3. In benthic ray species, a parallel increase in Se and Hg in muscle was observed, so that an increased in Hg (MeHg) bioaccumulation results in Se coaccumulation. The Hg/Se ratios (molar) in muscle and liver of pelagic and benthic rays were <1.4 and <0.7, respectively. The low levels of Hg in muscle and liver in all the ray species corresponded to low Hg/Se ratios and increases in muscle and liver to 1 at 7 µg/g, dry weight (dw) and 5 µg/g dw, respectively, i.e., about 1.6 µg/g wet weight (ww).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadran Faganeli
- Marine Biological Station, National Institute of Biology, Fornace, 41 6330 Piran, Slovenia.
| | - Ingrid Falnoga
- Department Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova, 39 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Milena Horvat
- Department Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova, 39 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Katja Klun
- Marine Biological Station, National Institute of Biology, Fornace, 41 6330 Piran, Slovenia.
| | - Lovrenc Lipej
- Marine Biological Station, National Institute of Biology, Fornace, 41 6330 Piran, Slovenia.
| | - Darja Mazej
- Department Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova, 39 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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17
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Murillo-Cisneros DA, O'Hara TM, Castellini JM, Sánchez-González A, Elorriaga-Verplancken FR, Marmolejo-Rodríguez AJ, Marín-Enríquez E, Galván-Magaña F. Mercury concentrations in three ray species from the Pacific coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico: Variations by tissue type, sex and length. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 126:77-85. [PMID: 29421137 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Total mercury concentrations ([THg]) were determined in muscle and liver of the bat ray (Myliobatis californica), shovelnose guitarfish (Pseudobatos productus) and banded guitarfish (Zapteryx exasperata). Generalized linear models (GLM) were used to determine the effects of size and sex in [THg] and showed that both are determinants of [THg] in these species. The [THg] in both tissues significantly increased with length especially in sexually mature organisms with a steeper slope for mature male than mature female. This may relate to elasmobranchs sexual dimorphism driven variation in growth rates. Median muscle [THg] was significantly greater than liver in each ray species but there were some individuals with higher liver [THg] than muscle. There were individuals with muscle [THg] higher than the advisory thresholds of 0.2 and 0.5mgkg-1ww (2.4 and 11% of the bat ray; 2.1 and 10% of the shovelnose guitarfish; 12.6 and 45% of the banded guitarfish, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A Murillo-Cisneros
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. I.P.N. s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, Apartado Postal 592, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23000, Mexico
| | - Todd M O'Hara
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 901 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7750, USA
| | - J Margaret Castellini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 901 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7750, USA
| | - Alberto Sánchez-González
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. I.P.N. s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, Apartado Postal 592, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23000, Mexico
| | - Fernando R Elorriaga-Verplancken
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. I.P.N. s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, Apartado Postal 592, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23000, Mexico
| | - Ana J Marmolejo-Rodríguez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. I.P.N. s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, Apartado Postal 592, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23000, Mexico
| | - Emigdio Marín-Enríquez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C. Av. IPN S/N, Col. Playa Palo de Santa Rita, 23096 La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico
| | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Av. I.P.N. s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, Apartado Postal 592, La Paz, Baja California Sur C.P. 23000, Mexico.
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18
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Signa G, Mazzola A, Tramati CD, Vizzini S. Diet and habitat use influence Hg and Cd transfer to fish and consequent biomagnification in a highly contaminated area: Augusta Bay (Mediterranean Sea). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:394-404. [PMID: 28675849 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Total mercury (T-Hg) and cadmium (Cd) were measured in twenty species of fish to study their bioaccumulation patterns and trophodynamics in the Augusta Bay food web. Adult and juvenile fish were caught in 2012 in Priolo Bay, south of the Augusta harbour (Central Mediterranean Sea), which is known for the high trace element and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination level. T-Hg concentration was found to significantly increase along δ15N and from pelagic to benthic sedentary fish, revealing a marked influence of trophic position and habitat use (sensu Harmelin 1987) on T-Hg accumulation within ichthyofauna. Cd showed the opposite pattern, in line with the higher trace element (TE) excretion rates of high trophic level fish and the lower level of Cd environmental contamination. Trophic pathways were first characterised in the Priolo Bay food web using carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) and a single main trophic pathway characterised the Priolo Bay food web. Biomagnification was then assessed, including basal sources (surface sediment, macroalgae), zooplankton, benthic invertebrates and fish. T-Hg and Cd were found to biomagnify and biodilute respectively based on the significant linear regressions between log[T-Hg] and log[Cd] vs. δ15N of sources and consumers and the trophic magnification factors (TMFs) of 1.22 and 0.83 respectively. Interestingly, different Cd behaviour was found considering only the benthic pathway which leads to the predatory gastropod Hexaplex trunculus. The positive slope and the higher TMF indicated active biomagnification in this benthic food web due to the high bioaccumulation efficiency of this benthic predator. Our findings provide new evidences about the role of Priolo sediments as a sources of pollutants for the food web, representing a threat to fish and, by domino effect, to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldina Signa
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, Roma, Italy.
| | - Antonio Mazzola
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, Roma, Italy
| | - Cecilia Doriana Tramati
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, Roma, Italy
| | - Salvatrice Vizzini
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 18, Palermo, Italy; CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, Roma, Italy
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19
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Lyons K, Carlisle AB, Lowe CG. Influence of ontogeny and environmental exposure on mercury accumulation in muscle and liver of male Round Stingrays. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 130:30-37. [PMID: 28712829 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mercury tissue distribution and its dynamics are poorly understood in elasmobranchs. Total mercury was measured in liver and muscle of male Round Stingrays (Urobatis halleri) from Seal Beach, California, an anthropogenically impacted site, and from the offshore island of Santa Catalina, a less impacted site. Stable isotope analysis was also performed on the muscle and red blood cells (RBCs) of a subset of rays over a range of age classes to investigate mercury accumulation with respect to trophic ecology. Mercury in both tissues was found to be significantly greater in adults than juveniles in mainland rays; however, liver mercury accumulation drastically increased after maturity and was significantly greater in mainland adult rays than Catalina rays. There were no patterns in δ15N or δ13C with size in muscle; however, there were indications of seasonal changes in RBC δ15N, suggesting short term shifts in diet or behavior is likely linked to reproductive status as is mercury accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kady Lyons
- California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA.
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20
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Emanuela F, Giuseppe S, Stefano G, Mattia B, Mauro M. Comparison of Lindane and Carbaryl Pesticide Bioaccumulation in the Common Sole (Solea solea). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 98:656-661. [PMID: 28289805 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorines and carbamates are common pesticides predominantly employed in agriculture. Large amounts of pesticides make their way into rivers and marine habitats. They accumulate in aquatic organisms through different exposure routes and gradually move up the food chain. Since contaminant bioaccumulation in animals is affected by several factors, this work harnessed several different approaches to explore the persistence of lindane, a long banned organochlorine pesticide, and carbaryl, a newer generation pesticide, in common sole (Solea solea), a major commercial species in Adriatic fisheries. Lindane was not only more accumulated than carbaryl in sole liver, but it was also detected in greater amount in muscle tissue, the edible part (lindane, 7 ± 4 ng/g; carbaryl, <0.004 ng/g w/w). Additional assays documented a greater accumulation of lindane in adults compared with juveniles and in specimens caught offshore than in those collected close to the coast. The present findings demonstrate the different accumulation dynamics of the two pesticides to confirm the benefits derived from the replacement of organochlorine pesticides with carbamate compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frapiccini Emanuela
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Scarcella Giuseppe
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Guicciardi Stefano
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Betti Mattia
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marini Mauro
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Science (ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy.
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21
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Reichelt-Brushett AJ, Stone J, Howe P, Thomas B, Clark M, Male Y, Nanlohy A, Butcher P. Geochemistry and mercury contamination in receiving environments of artisanal mining wastes and identified concerns for food safety. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 152:407-418. [PMID: 27471051 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Artisanal small-scale gold mining (ASGM) using mercury (Hg) amalgamation has been occurring on Buru Island, Indonesia since early 2012, and has caused rapid accumulation of high Hg concentrations in river, estuary and marine sediments. In this study, sediment samples were collected from several sites downstream of the Mount Botak ASGM site, as well as in the vicinity of the more recently established site at Gogrea where no sampling had previously been completed. All sediment samples had total Hg (THg) concentrations exceeding Indonesian sediment quality guidelines and were up to 82 times this limit at one estuary site. The geochemistry of sediments in receiving environments indicates the potential for Hg-methylation to form highly bioavailable Hg species. To assess the current contamination threat from consumption of local seafood, samples of fish, molluscs and crustaceans were collected from the Namlea fish market and analysed for THg concentrations. The majority of edible tissue samples had elevated THg concentrations, which raises concerns for food safety. This study shows that river, estuary and marine ecosystems downstream of ASGM operations on Buru Island are exposed to dangerously high Hg concentrations, which are impacting aquatic food chains, and fisheries resources. Considering the high dietary dependence on marine protein in the associated community and across the Mollucas Province, and the short time period since ASGM operations commenced in this region, the results warrant urgent further investigation, risk mitigation, and community education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Reichelt-Brushett
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, Australia; School of Environment, Science and Engineering Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jane Stone
- School of Environment, Science and Engineering Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Pelli Howe
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, Australia; School of Environment, Science and Engineering Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Bernard Thomas
- School of Environment, Science and Engineering Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Malcolm Clark
- Marine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, Australia; School of Environment, Science and Engineering Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Yusthinus Male
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia
| | - Albert Nanlohy
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Pattimura University, Ambon, Indonesia
| | - Paul Butcher
- School of Environment, Science and Engineering Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, NSW, Australia; NSW Department of Primary Industries, National Marine Science Centre, PO Box 4321, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
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22
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Frenţiu T, Ponta M, Sârbu C. Prediction of the fate of Hg and other contaminants in soil around a former chlor-alkali plant using Fuzzy Hierarchical Cross-Clustering approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 138:96-103. [PMID: 26057390 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An associative simultaneous fuzzy divisive hierarchical algorithm was used to predict the fate of Hg and other contaminants in soil around a former chlor-alkali plant. The algorithm was applied on several natural and anthropogenic characteristics of soil including water leachable, mobile, semi-mobile, non-mobile fractions and total Hg, Al, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Sr, Zn, water leachable fraction of Cl(-), NO3(-) and SO4(2)(-), pH and total organic carbon. The cross-classification algorithm provided a divisive fuzzy partition of the soil samples and associated characteristics. Soils outside the perimeter of the former chlor-alkali plant were clustered based on the natural characteristics and total Hg. In contaminated zones Hg speciation becomes relevant and the assessment of species distribution is necessary. The descending order of concentration of Hg species in the test site was semi-mobile>mobile>non-mobile>water-leachable. Physico-chemical features responsible for similarities or differences between uncontaminated soil samples or contaminated with Hg, Cu, Zn, Ba and NO3(-) were also highlighted. Other characteristics of the contaminated soil were found to be Ca, sulfate, Na and chloride, some of which with influence on Hg fate. The presence of Ca and sulfate in soil induced a higher water leachability of Hg, while Cu had an opposite effect by forming amalgam. The used algorithm provided an in-deep understanding of processes involving Hg species and allowed to make prediction of the fate of Hg and contaminants linked to chlor-alkali-industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiberiu Frenţiu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, Arany Janos 11, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Michaela Ponta
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, Arany Janos 11, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Costel Sârbu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, Arany Janos 11, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Jeffree RA, Oberhansli F, Teyssie JL, Fowler SW. Maternal transfer of anthropogenic radionuclides to eggs in a small shark. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2015; 147:43-50. [PMID: 26026984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Maternal transfer of radionuclides to progeny is one of the least known sources of contamination in marine biota and more information is needed to assess its radiological significance. A radiotracer study on spotted dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula, evaluated the hypothesis that four anthropogenic radionuclides (Cobalt-60, Zinc-65, Americium-241 and Cesium-134) could be maternally transferred to eggs and each of their major components during maternal ingestion of radiolabelled food. The linear regressions between cumulative radioactivity that had been maternally ingested and the level in subsequently laid eggs were used to derive maternal-to-egg transfer factors (mTFs). These maternal transfers varied over an order of magnitude and were ranked (134)Cs > (65)Zn > (60)Co > (241)Am. This ranking was the same as their relative assimilation efficiencies in radiolabelled food consumed by adults. Among these four radionuclides the potential radiological exposure of embryos is accentuated for (65)Zn and (134)Cs due to their predominant transfer to egg yolk where they are available for subsequent absorption by the embryo as it develops prior to hatching from the egg capsule. Thus, for cartilaginous fish like shark, the potential radioecological consequences of a pulsed release of these radionuclides into the marine environment may extend beyond the temporal duration of the release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross A Jeffree
- IAEA Environment Laboratories, 4 Quai Antoine, MC 98000, Monaco.
| | | | | | - Scott W Fowler
- Institute Bobby, 8 Allee des Orangers, 06320, Cap d'Ail, France
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Ahmad NI, Noh MFM, Mahiyuddin WRW, Jaafar H, Ishak I, Azmi WNFW, Veloo Y, Hairi MH. Mercury levels of marine fish commonly consumed in Peninsular Malaysia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:3672-86. [PMID: 25256581 PMCID: PMC4334092 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3538-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the concentration of total mercury in the edible portion of 46 species of marine fish (n = 297) collected from selected major fish landing ports and wholesale markets throughout Peninsular Malaysia. Samples were collected in June to December 2009. Prior to analysis, the fish samples were processed which consisted of drying at 65 °C until a constant weight was attained; then, it was grounded and digested by a microwave digestion system. The analytical determination was carried out by using a mercury analysis system. Total mercury concentration among fish species was examined. The results showed that mercury concentrations were found significantly higher (p < 0.001) in demersal fish (the range was from 0.173 to 2.537 mg/kg in dried weight) compared to pelagic fish (which ranged from 0.055 to 2.137 mg/kg in dried weight). The mercury concentrations were also higher in carnivorous fish especially in the species with more predatory feeding habits. Besides, the family group of Latidae (0.537 ± 0.267 mg/kg in dried weight), Dasyatidae (0.492 ± 0.740 mg/kg in dried weight), and Lutjanidae (0.465 ± 0.566 mg/kg in dried weight) showed significantly (p < 0.001) higher mercury levels compared to other groups. Fish collected from Port Klang (0.563 ± 0.509 mg/kg in dry weight), Kuala Besar (0.521 ± 0.415 mg/kg in dry weight), and Pandan (0.380 ± 0.481 mg/kg in dry weight) were significantly higher (p = 0.014) in mercury concentrations when compared to fish from other sampling locations. Total mercury levels were significantly higher (p < 0.002) in bigger fish (body length >20 cm) and were positively related with fish size (length and weight) in all fish samples. Despite the results, the level of mercury in marine fish did not exceed the permitted levels of Malaysian and JECFA guideline values at 0.5 mg/kg methylmercury in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Izzah Ahmad
- Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
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Methylmercury exposure during early Xenopus laevis development affects cell proliferation and death but not neural progenitor specification. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2014; 47:102-13. [PMID: 25496965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a widespread environmental toxin that preferentially and adversely affects developing organisms. To investigate the impact of MeHg toxicity on the formation of the vertebrate nervous system at physiologically relevant concentrations, we designed a graded phenotype scale for evaluating Xenopus laevis embryos exposed to MeHg in solution. Embryos displayed a range of abnormalities in response to MeHg, particularly in brain development, which is influenced by both MeHg concentration and the number of embryos per ml of exposure solution. A TC50 of ~50μg/l and LC50 of ~100μg/l were found when maintaining embryos at a density of one per ml, and both increased with increasing embryo density. In situ hybridization and microarray analysis showed no significant change in expression of early neural patterning genes including sox2, en2, or delta; however a noticeable decrease was observed in the terminal neural differentiation genes GAD and xGAT, but not xVGlut. PCNA, a marker for proliferating cells, was negatively correlated with MeHg dose, with a significant reduction in cell number in the forebrain and spinal cord of exposed embryos by tadpole stages. Conversely, the number of apoptotic cells in neural regions detected by a TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) assay was significantly increased. These results provide evidence that disruption of embryonic neural development by MeHg may not be directly due to a loss of neural progenitor specification and gene transcription, but to a more general decrease in cell proliferation and increase in cell death throughout the developing nervous system.
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Šlejkovec Z, Stajnko A, Falnoga I, Lipej L, Mazej D, Horvat M, Faganeli J. Bioaccumulation of arsenic species in rays from the northern Adriatic Sea. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:22073-91. [PMID: 25470025 PMCID: PMC4284695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151222073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The difference in arsenic concentration and speciation between benthic (Pteromylaeus bovinus, Myliobatis aquila) and pelagic rays (Pteroplatytrygon violacea) from the northern Adriatic Sea (Gulf of Trieste) in relation to their size (age) was investigated. High arsenic concentrations were found in both groups with tendency of more efficient arsenic accumulation in benthic species, particularly in muscle (32.4 to 362 µg·g−1 of total arsenic). This was attributed to species differences in arsenic access, uptake and retention. In liver most arsenic was present in a form of arsenobetaine, dimethylarsinic acid and arsenoipids, whereas in muscle mainly arsenobetaine was found. The good correlations between total arsenic/arsenobetaine and size reflect the importance of accumulation of arsenobetaine with age. Arsenobetaine is an analogue of glycine betaine, a known osmoregulator in marine animals and both are very abundant in mussels, representing an important source of food for benthic species P. bovinus and M. aquila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenka Šlejkovec
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Anja Stajnko
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Ingrid Falnoga
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Lovrenc Lipej
- Marine Biology Station, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, Piran 6330, Slovenia.
| | - Darja Mazej
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Milena Horvat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Jadran Faganeli
- Marine Biology Station, National Institute of Biology, Fornače 41, Piran 6330, Slovenia.
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