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Lv P, Shi X, Wang Q, Zhong Y, Guo Y, Chen J. Boosting algicidal efficiency of Alteromonas sp. FDHY-CJ against Skeletonema costatum through fermentation optimization. Protist 2024; 175:126006. [PMID: 38118390 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2023.126006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Algicidal bacteria exhibit promising potential against harmful algal blooms (HABs); however, their application has been limited due to their limited algicidal activity. This study demonstrates the enhanced algicidal activity of Alteromonas sp. FDHY-CJ bacteria against harmful Skeletonema costatum using a 5 L fermenter. Utilizing this refined framework increased the OD600 value and algal cell mortality by 6.50 and 2.88 times, respectively, compared to non-optimized culture cultivated in a flask using marine broth 2216E medium. The mechanism of action involves significant inhibition of algal photosynthetic efficiency with concurrent degradation of photosynthetic pigments. Relative to the non-optimized group, the optimized bacterial treatment led to a significant increase in H2O2 and MDA (malondialdehyde) by 19.54 and 4.22-fold, respectively, and resulted in membrane damage. The culture optimization procedure yielded effectual algicidal substances capable of considerably reducing the severity of S. costatum HABs through cell membrane disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Lv
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; College of Advanced manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang 362200, China
| | - Xinguo Shi
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; College of Advanced manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang 362200, China
| | - Yuying Zhong
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; College of Advanced manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang 362200, China
| | - Yisong Guo
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- Technical Innovation Service Platform for High Value and High Quality Utilization of Marine Organism, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Products Waste, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fuzhou Industrial Technology Innovation Center for High Value Utilization of Marine Products, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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Hanif M, Munir N, Abideen Z, Dias DA, Hessini K, El-Keblawy A. Enhancing tomato plant growth in a saline environment through the eco-friendly synthesis and optimization of nanoparticles derived from halophytic sources. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:118830-118854. [PMID: 37922085 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30626-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Using green synthesis methods to produce halophytic nanoparticles presents a promising and cost-effective approach for enhancing plant growth in saline environments, offering agricultural resilience as an alternative to traditional chemical methods. This study focuses on synthesizing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles derived from the halophyte Withania somnifera, showcasing their potential in ameliorating tomato growth under salinity stress. The biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles was initially optimized (i.e., salt concentration, the amount of plant extract, pH, and temperature) using a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) together with UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to comprehensively characterize the biosynthesized ZnO NPs. The central composite design (CCD) based response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) by adjusting salt concentration, plant extract, pH, and temperature. The ZnO NPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). FT-IR showed an absorption peak of ZnO between 400 and 600 cm-1, while SEM showed irregular shapes ranging between 1.3 and 6 nm. The data of EDX showed the presence of Zn (77.52%) and O (22.48%) levels, which exhibited the high purity synthesized ZnO under saline conditions. Introducing ZnO nanoparticles to tomato plants resulted in a remarkable 2.3-fold increase in shoot length in T23 (100 mg/L ZnO nanoparticles + 50 mM NaCl). There was an observable increase in foliage at T2 (20 mg L-1 ZnO) and T23 (100 mg L-1 ZnO-NPs + 50 mM NaCl). Tomato plants treated with T2 (20 mg L-1 ZnO) and T23 (100 mg L-1 ZnO-NPs + 50 mM NaCl) improved root elongation compared to the control plant group. Both fresh and dry leaf masses were significantly improved in T1 (10 mg L-1 ZnO) by 7.1-fold and T12 (10 mg L-1 ZnO-NPs + 100 mM NaCl) by 0.8-fold. The concentration of Zn was higher in T12 (10 mg L-1 ZnO NPs + 100 mM NaCl) among all treatments. Our findings prove that utilizing ZnO nanoparticles under saline conditions effectively promotes tomato plants' growth, thereby mitigating the negative impacts of salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hanif
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Neelma Munir
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zainul Abideen
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Daniel Anthony Dias
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health, CASS Food Research Centre, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, 3125, Australia
| | - Kamel Hessini
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Butsat W, Somdee T, Somdee T. A novel actinomycete Streptomyces enissocaesilis exhibiting algicidal activity against the toxic cyanobacterium Phormidium angustissimum. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:66897-66911. [PMID: 37099114 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27179-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms that occur in freshwater can produce hazardous cyanotoxins as contaminants that threaten ecosystems, aquatic organisms, and human health. In the present study, the actinobacterium Streptomyces enissocaesilis, strain M35, isolated from soils, exhibited the strongest algicidal activity against the toxic cyanobacterium Phormidium angustissimum TISTR 8247. To improve the P. angustissimum removal efficiency of strain M35, the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources were determined as starch and yeast extract, respectively. Response surface methodology (RSM) using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) revealed that the optimal independent parameters among the culture medium conditions for enhancing the algicidal activity of strain M35 were 21.5 g/L starch, 0.57 g/L yeast extract, and a pH value of 8.00. The Phormidium sp. removal efficiency increased notably from 80.8 to 94.4% under the optimum conditions. In a batch experiment, the removal of P. angustissimum in an internal airlift loop (IAL) bioreactor containing immobilized strain M35 on a plastic medium indicated a high anti-Phormidium activity of 94.8%, whereas in a continuous system, strain M35 exhibited a removal efficiency of 85.5%. This study revealed that this actinobacterium could potentially be utilized to remove the toxic cyanobacterium Phormidium from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weeraput Butsat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Protein and Proteomics Research Centre for Commercial and Industrial Purposes, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Somdee
- Faculty of Public Health, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Theerasak Somdee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
- Protein and Proteomics Research Centre for Commercial and Industrial Purposes, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Preethi PS, Vickram S, Das R, Hariharan NM, Rameshpathy M, Subbaiya R, Karmegam N, Kim W, Govarthanan M. Bioprospecting of novel peroxidase from Streptomyces coelicolor strain SPR7 for carcinogenic azo dyes decolorization. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136836. [PMID: 36243089 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Peroxidase (POX) is a heme-containing oxidoreductase, its voluminous immuno-diagnostic and bioremediatory intuitions have incited optimization and large scale-generation from novel microbial repertoires. Azo dyes are the most detrimental classes of synthetic dyes and they are the common ecotoxic industrial pollutants in wastewater. In addition, azo dyes are refractory to degradation owing to their chemical nature, comprising of azoic linkages, amino moieties with recalcitrant traits. Moreover, they are major carcinogenic and mutagenic on humans and animals, whereby emphasizing the need for decolorization. In the present study, a novel POX from Streptomyces coelicolor strain SPR7 was investigated for the deterioration of ecotoxic dyestuffs. The initial medium component screening for POX production was achieved using, One Factor at a Time and Placket-Burman methodologies with starch, casein and temperature as essential parameters. In auxiliary, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was recruited and followed by model validation using Back propagation algorithm (BPA). RSM-BPA composite approach prophesied that combination of starch, casein, and temperature at optimal values 2.5%, 0.035% and 35 °C respectively, has resulted in 7 folds enhancement of POX outturn (2.52 U/mL) compared to the unoptimized media (0.36 U/mL). The concentrated enzyme decolorized 75.4% and 90% of the two azo dyes with lignin (10 mM), respectively. Hence, this investigation confirms the potentiality of mangrove actinomycete derived POX for elimination of noxious azo dyes to overcome their carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects on humans and aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sai Preethi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sree Sastha Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chembarambakkam, 600 123, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundaram Vickram
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raja Das
- School of Advanced Science, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N M Hariharan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sree Sastha Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chembarambakkam, 600 123, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Rameshpathy
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - R Subbaiya
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Copperbelt University, Riverside, Jambo Drive, P. O. Box, 21692, Kitwe, Zambia
| | - N Karmegam
- PG and Research Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Woong Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M Govarthanan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Mahmoud GAE, Bashandy SR. Nitrogen, Amino Acids, and Carbon as Control Factors of Riboflavin Production by Novosphingobium panipatense-SR3 (MT002778). Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:1577-1589. [PMID: 33675404 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02376-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
By increasing the environmental pollution, crop losses, and side effects of chemically synthesized vitamins; new vitamin sources should be included. Through this study, we introduce novel riboflavin bacterial producer Novosphingobium panipatense-SR3 (MT002778) and tested various nutritional factors with interactions effects on the production abilities. Yeast extract, maltose, and glycine were the best nitrogen, carbon, and amino acid sources for enhancing the production, respectively. The interaction between the previous factors with three concentrations of each (+, 0, -) studied statistically using Box-Behnken statistical quadric design 13- run. The perfect interaction increases the production to 497.12 mg/l (predicted 489.45 mg/l) using 30 g/l maltose, 10 g/l yeast extract, and 1 g/l glycine. The F and P- values of the tested model of riboflavin and OD600 indicating significant results with probability ≤ 0.05. Also, the evaluating statistical parameter coefficient (R2) was 0.994 of riboflavin and 0.992 of OD600 with adjusted R2 value 0.976, and 0.967, respectively, which indicated that the whole variations were explained highly by the statistical model. The novel producer proved its high riboflavin production ability especially under the optimized conditions comparing with previous producers and represents a new high-speed riboflavin producer that could utilize in the industrial process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shymaa Ryhan Bashandy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
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Ibrahim S, Ahmad Z, Manzoor MZ, Mujahid M, Faheem Z, Adnan A. Optimization for biogenic microbial synthesis of silver nanoparticles through response surface methodology, characterization, their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and catalytic potential. Sci Rep 2021; 11:770. [PMID: 33436966 PMCID: PMC7804320 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80805-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver is a poisonous but precious heavy metal that has widespread application in various biomedical and environmental divisions. Wide-ranging usage of the metal has twisted severe environmental apprehensions. Henceforth there is a cumulative call for the progress of modest, low-cost and, the ecological method for remediation of silver. In the present study, Bacillus cereus was isolated from contaminated soil. Various experimental factors like the amount of AgNO3, inoculum size, temperature, time, and pH were improved by using central composite design (CCD) grounded on response surface methodology (RSM). Optimized values for AgNO3 (1 mM) 10 ml, inoculum size (Bacillus cereus) 8.7 ml, temperature 48.5 °C, time 69 h, and pH 9 showed in the form of optimized ramps. The formed nanoparticles stayed characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometer, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Fourier transform infra-red spectrometry, particle size analyzer, and X-ray diffraction. The particle size ranges from 5 to 7.06 nm with spherical form. The antimicrobial effectiveness of synthesized nanoparticles was tested contrary to five multidrug resistant microbial strains, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Porteus mirabilis by disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum lethal concentrations were detected by the broth macro dilution method. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) was used to check the free radical scavenging ability of biogenic silver nanoparticles. Similarly, anti-radical activity was checked by 2,2'-Azino-Bis-3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid (ABTS) with varying time intervals. Catalytic potential of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Zahoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Mujahid
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zahra Faheem
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Adnan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Combination of matrix solid phase dispersion and response surface evaluation for simultaneous detections of multiple bioactive constituents of traditional Chinese medicine formula: Using Baoyuan Capsule as an example. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 190:113495. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Gao N, Zhang J, Pan Z, Zhao X, Ma X, Zhang H. Biodegradation of Atrazine by Mixed Bacteria of Klebsiella variicola Strain FH-1 and Arthrobacter sp. NJ-1. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 105:481-489. [PMID: 32914331 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02966-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to enhance the biodegradability of atrazine with FH-1 and NJ-1 alone by selecting the mixing ratio, optimizing the culture medium and conditions. The results showed that FH-1 and NJ-1 have the best biodegradation effect on atrazine being mixed in a volume ratio of 3:2. In a single factor experiment, sucrose and NH4Cl provided carbon and nitrogen sources for the mixed bacteria. Subsequently, composition of fermentation medium was further optimized using Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology. Based on the results, growth of mixed bacteria and biodegradation of atrazine performed best effects with a biodegradation rate of 85.6% when sucrose and NH4Cl amounts were 35.30 g/L and 10.28 g/L. The optimal medium condition was 10% inoculum of mixed bacteria, with initial atrazine concentration of 50 mg/L, neutral or weakly alkaline pH value, 30°C. The biodegradation rate reached 97.4%, 11.8% higher than the unoptimized condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zequn Pan
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xiulan Ma
- College of Resource and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Mohanty SS, Kumar A. Response surface methodology mediated optimization of Indanthrene Blue RS by a novel isolated bacterial strain Bacillus flexus TS8. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:569-578. [PMID: 31556198 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The enhanced decolorization and detoxification of Indanthrene Blue RS dye, under aerobic conditions, by a novel isolated anthraquinone-degrading bacterium, Bacillus flexus TS8, has been presented in this paper. The optimal decolorization conditions were determined by response surface methodology based on Box-Behnken design. The results indicated that the strain TS8 possessed the highest decolorization efficacy at pH 10.26, temperature 30.97 ºC and an inoculum size of 10.48% (v/v). It also revealed that about 98.01% of 100 mg/L of Indanthrene Blue RS could be decolorized within 24 hr under these optimized conditions. The subsequent degradation of the dye and the formation of metabolites were studied using analytical techniques such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, and ESI/LC-MS analysis. The UV-Vis analysis of the colorless bacterial cells demonstrated that Bacillus sp. TS8 possessed this decolorizing activity through biodegradation. The degraded products obtained from ESI/LC-MS analysis were identified as 1-hydroxyanthracene-9, 10-dione (m/z-224), 1, 4-di-hydroxyanthracene-9, 10-dione (m/z-240), and phthalic acid (m/z-168). This study investigated the highest decolorization efficacy of strain TS8 to be utilized in the biological treatment of wastewaters containing anthraquinone dyes. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Enhanced decolorization of anthraquinone dye wastewater. Ninety-eight percentage of dye decolorization was obtained within 24 hr. Optimization of process parameters through the response surface methodology. ESI/LC-MS analysis identified phthalic acid as the end product of Indanthrene Blue RS degradation. Degradation pathway for Indanthrene Blue RS is outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sambita Mohanty
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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Enhancement of Antibacterial Activity of Paludifilum halophilum and Identification of N-(1-Carboxy-ethyl)-phthalamic Acid as the Main Bioactive Compound. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4805706. [PMID: 32104693 PMCID: PMC7038168 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4805706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the combined effect of fermentation parameters and enhance the production of cellular biomass and antibacterial compounds from Paludifilum halophilum SMBg3 using the response surface methodology (RSM). Eight variables were screened to assess the effects of fermentation parameters on growth and metabolite production by Taguchi experimental design. Among these, the initial pH, temperature, and the percentage of MgSO4·7H2O in the medium were found to be most influential. The Box-Behnken design was applied to derive a statistical model for the optimization of these three fermentation parameters. The optimal parameters were initial pH: 8.3, temperature growth: 44°C, and MgSO4·7H2O: 1.6%, respectively. The maximum yield of biomass and metabolite production were, respectively, 11 mg/mL dry weight and 15.5 mm inhibition zone diameter against Salmonella enterica, which were in agreement with predicted values. The bioactive compounds were separated by the thick-layer chromatography technique and analyzed by GC/MS, NMR (1D and 2D), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). In addition to several fatty acids, N-(1-carboxy-ethyl)-phthalamic acid was identified as the main antibacterial compound. This element exhibited a potent activity against the ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica CIP 8039 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value range of 12.5-25 μg/mL. Results demonstrated that P. halophilum strain SMBg3 is a promising resource for novel antibacterial production due to its high-level yield potential and the capacity for large-scale fermentation.
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Erandapurathukadumana Sreedharan H, Harilal CC, Pradeep S. Response surface optimization of prodigiosin production by phthalate degrading Achromobacter denitrificans SP1 and exploring its antibacterial activity. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 50:564-571. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1712659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Selvanesan Pradeep
- Division of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Ashraf N, Ahmad F, Jing Jie C, Tuo Di Z, Feng-Zhu Z, Yin DC. Optimization of Enterobacter cloacae mediated synthesis of extracellular silver nanoparticles by response surface methodology and their characterization. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2019.1636915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Ashraf
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Fiaz Ahmad
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Chen Jing Jie
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Zhang Tuo Di
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Feng-Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Da-Chuan Yin
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
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Optimization of fermentation conditions through response surface methodology for enhanced antibacterial metabolite production by Streptomyces sp. 1-14 from cassava rhizosphere. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206497. [PMID: 30427885 PMCID: PMC6241123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces species 1-14 isolated from cassava rhizosphere soil were evaluated for their antibacterial efficacy against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense race 4 (FOC4). Of the 63 strains tested, thirteen exhibited potent antibacterial properties and were further screened against eight fungal pathogens. The strain that showed maximum inhibition against all of the test pathogens was identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as Streptomyces sp. 1-14, was selected for further studies. Through the propagation of Streptomyces sp. 1-14 in soil under simulated conditions, we found that FOC4 did not significantly influence the multiplication and survival of Streptomyces sp. 1-14, while indigenous microorganisms in the soil did significantly influence Streptomyces sp. 1-14 populations. To achieve maximum metabolite production, the growth of Streptomyces 1-14 was optimized through response surface methodology employing Plackett-Burman design, path of steepest ascent determinations and Box-Behnken design. The final optimized fermentation conditions (g/L) included: glucose, 38.877; CaCl2•2H2O, 0.161; temperature, 29.97°C; and inoculation amount, 8.93%. This optimization resulted in an antibacterial activity of 56.13% against FOC4, which was 12.33% higher than that before optimization (43.80%). The results obtained using response surface methodology to optimize the fermentation medium had a significant effect on the production of bioactive metabolites by Streptomyces sp. 1-14. Moreover, during fermentation and storage, pH, light, storage temperature, etc., must be closely monitored to reduce the formation of fermentation products with reduced antibacterial activity. This method is useful for further investigations of the production of anti-FOC4 substances, and could be used to develop bio-control agents to suppress or control banana fusarium wilt.
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Ahmad F, Anwar S, Firdous S, Da-Chuan Y, Iqbal S. Biodegradation of bispyribac sodium by a novel bacterial consortium BDAM: Optimization of degradation conditions using response surface methodology. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 349:272-281. [PMID: 29438823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bispyribac sodium (BS), is a selective, systemic and post emergent herbicide used to eradicate grasses and broad leaf weeds. Extensive use of this herbicide has engendered serious environmental concerns. Hence it is important to develop strategies for bioremediation of BS in a cost effective and environment friendly way. In this study a bacterial consortium named BDAM, comprising three novel isolates Achromobacter xylosoxidans (BD1), Achromobacter pulmonis (BA2), and Ochrobactrum intermedium (BM2), was developed by virtue of its potential for degradation of BS. Different culture conditions (temperature, pH and inoculum size) were optimized for degradation of BS by the consortium BDAM and the mutual interactions of these parameters were analysed using a 23 full factorial central composite design (CCD) based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimal values for temperature, pH and inoculum size were found to be 40 °C, 8 and 0.4 g/L respectively to achieve maximum degradation of BS (85.6%). Moreover, the interactive effects of these parameters were investigated using three dimensional surface plots in terms of maximum fitness function. Importantly, it was concluded that the newly developed consortium is a potential candidate for biodegradation of BS in a safe, cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiaz Ahmad
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Samina Anwar
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), PO Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sadiqa Firdous
- Department of Microbiology, Women University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Yin Da-Chuan
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience & Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Samina Iqbal
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), PO Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
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Ahsan T, Chen J, Wu Y, Irfan M. Application of response surface methodology for optimization of medium components for the production of secondary metabolites by Streptomyces diastatochromogenes KX852460. AMB Express 2017; 7:96. [PMID: 28508386 PMCID: PMC5432459 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0388-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A bioactive strain Streptomyces diastatochromogenes KX852460 was selected for the production of secondary metabolites to control the target spot disease on tobacco leaves, caused by the Rhizoctonia solani AG-3. Peanut meal, soluble starch, NaCl, yeast extract, and ammonium sulphate were identified the best ingredient for high antifungal activity of S. diastatochromogenes KX852460 against the R. solani AG-3. For the improved production of secondary metabolites, central composite design of response surface methodology was applied in submerged fermentation. The best concentrations of ingredients were peanut meal 4.88%, soluble starch 4.40%, NaCl 0.52%, yeast extract 0.47%, and ammonium sulphate 0.0360%. Study of metabolism changes in the submerged fermentation process was analyzed. Level of the reducing sugar increased, as the total sugar consumed. Amino nitrogen and total sugar decrease tendency, which indicated the growth of bacteria in submerged fermentation batch. Production of secondary and other metabolites influenced the pH of the fermentation batch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taswar Ahsan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianguang Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
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Zhao X, Wang L, Ma F, Bai S, Yang J, Qi S. Pseudomonas sp. ZXY-1, a newly isolated and highly efficient atrazine-degrading bacterium, and optimization of biodegradation using response surface methodology. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 54:152-159. [PMID: 28391924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine, a widely used herbicide, is increasing the agricultural production effectively, while also causing great environmental concern. Efficient atrazine-degrading bacterium is necessary to removal atrazine rapidly to keep a safe environment. In the present study, a new atrazine-degrading strain ZXY-1, identified as Pseudomonas, was isolated. This new isolated strain has a strong ability to biodegrade atrazine with a high efficiency of 9.09mg/L/hr. Temperature, pH, inoculum size and initial atrazine concentration were examined to further optimize the degradation of atrazine, and the synthetic effect of these factors were investigated by the response surface methodology. With a high quadratic polynomial mathematical model (R2=0.9821) being obtained, the highest biodegradation efficiency of 19.03mg/L/hr was reached compared to previous reports under the optimal conditions (30.71°C, pH7.14, 4.23% (V/V) inoculum size and 157.1mg/L initial atrazine concentration). Overall, this study provided an efficient bacterium and approach that could be potentially useful for the bioremediation of wastewater containing atrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shunwen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shanshan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Latha S, Sivaranjani G, Dhanasekaran D. Response surface methodology: A non-conventional statistical tool to maximize the throughput of Streptomyces species biomass and their bioactive metabolites. Crit Rev Microbiol 2017; 43:567-582. [PMID: 28129718 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2016.1271308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Among diverse actinobacteria, Streptomyces is a renowned ongoing source for the production of a large number of secondary metabolites, furnishing immeasurable pharmacological and biological activities. Hence, to meet the demand of new lead compounds for human and animal use, research is constantly targeting the bioprospecting of Streptomyces. Optimization of media components and physicochemical parameters is a plausible approach for the exploration of intensified production of novel as well as existing bioactive metabolites from various microbes, which is usually achieved by a range of classical techniques including one factor at a time (OFAT). However, the major drawbacks of conventional optimization methods have directed the use of statistical optimization approaches in fermentation process development. Response surface methodology (RSM) is one of the empirical techniques extensively used for modeling, optimization and analysis of fermentation processes. To date, several researchers have implemented RSM in different bioprocess optimization accountable for the production of assorted natural substances from Streptomyces in which the results are very promising. This review summarizes some of the recent RSM adopted studies for the enhanced production of antibiotics, enzymes and probiotics using Streptomyces with the intention to highlight the significance of Streptomyces as well as RSM to the research community and industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvanathan Latha
- a Bioprocess Technology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology , School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University , Tiruchirappalli , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Govindhan Sivaranjani
- a Bioprocess Technology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology , School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University , Tiruchirappalli , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran
- a Bioprocess Technology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology , School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University , Tiruchirappalli , Tamil Nadu , India.,b Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences , University of New Hampshire , Durham , USA
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18
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Zhao X, Wang L, Du L, Yang J, Dong J, Ma F. Optimization of culturing conditions for isolated Arthrobacter sp. ZXY-2, an effective atrazine-degrading and salt-adaptive bacterium. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04661h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The isolated strainArthrobactersp. ZXY-2 could biodegrade atrazine effectively with high salinity resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
| | - Linna Du
- Department of Agriculture and Biotechnology
- Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology
- Wenzhou 325006
- China
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
| | - Jing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin 150090
- China
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Ahsan T, Chen J, Wu Y, Irfan M, Shafi J. Screening, identification, optimization of fermentation conditions, and extraction of secondary metabolites for the biocontrol of Rhizoctonia Solani AG-3. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2016.1259016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taswar Ahsan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Jianguang Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Jamil Shafi
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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20
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Li Y, Xu Y, Liu L, Jiang X, Zhang K, Zheng T, Wang H. First evidence of bioflocculant from Shinella albus with flocculation activity on harvesting of Chlorella vulgaris biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:807-15. [PMID: 27423548 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bioflocculant from Shinella albus xn-1 could be used to harvest energy-producing microalga Chlorella vulgaris biomass for the first time. In this study, we investigated the flocculation activity and mode of strain xn-1, the characteristics of bioflocculant, the effect of flocculation conditions and optimized the flocculation efficiency. The results indicated that strain xn-1 exhibited flocculation activity through secreting bioflocculant; the bioflocculant with high thermal stability, pH stability and low molecular weight was proved to be not protein and polysaccharide, and flocculation active component was confirmed to contain triple bond and cumulated double bonds; algal pH, temperature and metal ions showed great impacts on the flocculation efficiency of bioflocculant; the maximum flocculation activity of bioflocculant reached 85.65% after the response surface optimization. According to the results, the bioflocculant from S. albus xn-1 could be a good potential in applications for high-efficiency harvesting of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yanting Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Tianling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hailei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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Phankhajon K, Somdee A, Somdee T. Algicidal activity of an actinomycete strain, Streptomyces rameus, against Microcystis aeruginosa. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 74:1398-1408. [PMID: 27685969 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An actinomycete strain (KKU-A3) with algicidal activity against Microcystis aeruginosa was isolated from soil in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand. Based on its phenotypic characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence, strain KKU-A3 was identified as Streptomyces rameus. Strain KKU-A3 also exhibited algicidal activity against the cyanobacteria Synechococcus elongatus, Cylindrospermum sp. and Oscillatoria sp. A mathematical and statistical technique was used to optimize the culture conditions and maximize its anti-Microcystis activity. The single factor experiments indicated that glucose and casein were the most effective carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, and produced the highest anti-Microcystis activity. Response surface methodology indicated that the optimum culture conditions were 19.81 g/L glucose and 2.0 g/L casein at an initial pH of 7.8 and an incubation temperature of 30 °C. The anti-Microcystis activity increased from 82% to 95% under optimum conditions. In an internal airlift loop bioreactor, the removal of M. aeruginosa KKU-13 by the bacterium was investigated in batch and continuous flow experiments. In the batch experiment, KKU-A3 displayed maximum anti-Microcystis activity of 95% at day 7, whereas in the continuous flow experiment, KKU-A3 displayed maximum anti-Microcystis activity of 95% at day 10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchariya Phankhajon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand E-mail:
| | - Anchana Somdee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand E-mail:
| | - Theerasak Somdee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand E-mail:
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Szlag DC, Sinclair JL, Southwell B, Westrick JA. Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins Occurrence and Removal from Five High-Risk Conventional Treatment Drinking Water Plants. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:2198-220. [PMID: 26075379 PMCID: PMC4488698 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7062198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An environmental protection agency EPA expert workshop prioritized three cyanotoxins, microcystins, anatoxin-a, and cylindrospermopsin (MAC), as being important in freshwaters of the United States. This study evaluated the prevalence of potentially toxin producing cyanobacteria cell numbers relative to the presence and quantity of the MAC toxins in the context of this framework. Total and potential toxin producing cyanobacteria cell counts were conducted on weekly raw and finished water samples from utilities located in five US states. An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) was used to screen the raw and finished water samples for microcystins. High-pressure liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector (HPLC/PDA) verified microcystin concentrations and quantified anatoxin-a and cylindrospermopsin concentrations. Four of the five utilities experienced cyanobacterial blooms in their raw water. Raw water samples from three utilities showed detectable levels of microcystins and a fourth utility had detectable levels of both microcystin and cylindrospermopsin. No utilities had detectable concentrations of anatoxin-a. These conventional plants effectively removed the cyanobacterial cells and all finished water samples showed MAC levels below the detection limit by ELISA and HPLC/PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Szlag
- Chemistry Department, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA.
| | - James L Sinclair
- Office of Groundwater and Drinking Water, Technical Support Center, USEPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA.
| | - Benjamin Southwell
- Environmental Analysis Laboratory, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste. Marie, MI 49783, USA.
| | - Judy A Westrick
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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Cai G, Zheng W, Yang X, Zhang B, Zheng T. Combination of uniform design with artificial neural network coupling genetic algorithm: an effective way to obtain high yield of biomass and algicidal compound of a novel HABs control actinomycete. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:75. [PMID: 24886410 PMCID: PMC4051378 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-13-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling harmful algae blooms (HABs) using microbial algicides is cheap, efficient and environmental-friendly. However, obtaining high yield of algicidal microbes to meet the need of field test is still a big challenge since qualitative and quantitative analysis of algicidal compounds is difficult. In this study, we developed a protocol to increase the yield of both biomass and algicidal compound present in a novel algicidal actinomycete Streptomyces alboflavus RPS, which kills Phaeocystis globosa. To overcome the problem in algicidal compound quantification, we chose algicidal ratio as the index and used artificial neural network to fit the data, which was appropriate for this nonlinear situation. In this protocol, we firstly determined five main influencing factors through single factor experiments and generated the multifactorial experimental groups with a U15(155) uniform-design-table. Then, we used the traditional quadratic polynomial stepwise regression model and an accurate, fully optimized BP-neural network to simulate the fermentation. Optimized with genetic algorithm and verified using experiments, we successfully increased the algicidal ratio of the fermentation broth by 16.90% and the dry mycelial weight by 69.27%. These results suggested that this newly developed approach is a viable and easy way to optimize the fermentation conditions for algicidal microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tianling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of MOE for Coast and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, No, 422, Siming Nan Road, Xiamen 361005, China.
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