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Zhang J, Qu Y, Qi Q, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Tong YW, He Y. The bio-chemical cycle of iron and the function induced by ZVI addition in anaerobic digestion: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 186:116405. [PMID: 32932096 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Zero-valent iron (ZVI) is known to be an additive in facilitating waste treatment and improving biogas production in anaerobic digestion (AD) systems. This review concentrates on the chemical cycle of iron as well as the function of the iron cycle in the removal of four kinds of pollutants: organic carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus, which are commonly encountered in waste treatment. In recent studies, the addition of ZVI to an AD system promoted the in-situ production of CH4 from CO2, enabling carbon capture through biotechnology. Additionally, using iron-carbon microbial electrolytic cells in AD systems in order to accelerate electron transport, as well as specific pollutant degradation mechanisms, are illustrated in the present study. Particularly, the main factors affecting the removal efficiency of contaminants in a ZVI-AD system such as pH, VFA/ Alkalinity (ALK), oxidation-reduction potential and particle size are reviewed. According to the above characteristics, combined with technical model and economic analyses, an AD system based on ZVI was considered to be an economical, efficient and carbon-neutral pollutant treatment technology. Accordingly, Iron-based AD is suggested to be a promising and sustainable approach orientated to a circular economy, which may be applied to many waste treatments fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yiyuan Qu
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiuxian Qi
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pengshuai Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yaobin Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, China
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yiliang He
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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2
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Wang T, Lv N, Pan X, Li C, Zhu G. Process performance and microbial community functional structure in a thermophilic anaerobic baffled reactor coupled with biocatalysed electrolysis. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:1535-1545. [PMID: 30355017 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1540664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the performances of a conventional anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and an ABR combined with microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) for enhancing degradation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were evaluated in 55°C. The ABR-MECs system achieved a total chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of 97.2% and a methane yield of 236 ± 5 mL g-1 CODremoved at organic loading rate (OLR) of 6.9 kg COD m-3 d-1, which were higher than those of the ABR with 77.6% and 207 ± 5 mL g-1 CODremoved, respectively, at OLR of 5.1 kg COD m-3 d-1. The pyrosequencing analysis confirmed that the introduction of MECs into ABR was conducive to establishing stable functional communities of syntrophic fatty acids oxidizing bacteria (SFOB), exoelectrogens and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, such as Syntrophobacter (5.4%), Thermodesulfovibrio (2.0%), Methanobacterium (43.8%), Methanolinea (20.4%). The content of unclassified bacteria increased from 12.4% in the ABR system to 52.3% in the ABR-MECs system. In contrast, the proportion of aceticlastic methanogens decreased from 50.1% in the ABR to 24.5% in the ABR-MECs system. The improved performance of the thermophilic ABR-MECs system resulted from phase separation, wide ecological niche and intensification of methanogenesis process via functional microbes, which significantly enhanced the degradation of propionic acid and acetic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gefu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
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Wang T, Zhu G, Li C, Zhou M, Wang R, Li J. Anaerobic digestion of sludge filtrate using anaerobic baffled reactor assisted by symbionts of short chain fatty acid-oxidation syntrophs and exoelectrogens: Pilot-scale verification. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115329. [PMID: 31785560 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The growing amount of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plant is an emerging challenge in China. The efficient anaerobic digestion of sludge filtrate generated from hydrothermally pretreated sewage sludge can promote the disposal of sewage sludge. Herein, a pilot-scale anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) assisted by symbionts of short chain fatty acid-oxidation syntrophs (SFAS) and exoelectrogens was developed to improve its stability and efficiency for filtrate treatment. The results demonstrated that the symbionts of exoelectrogens and SFAS, which were enriched by introduction of electrodes in the ABR system, promoted the degradation of butyric, propionic and acetic acids. Therefore, the COD removal efficiency increased from 74.1% to 86.6% and the methane content increased from 81.5% to 92.2% with methane production rising from 241 to 282 mL/g CODremoved. Furthermore, the economic evaluation indicated that the energy consumption of electrodes was 0.600 kWh/m3 of sludge filtrate, the net energy profited from increased methane was 2.344 kWh/m3 of sludge filtrate. These results confirmed that the ABR system assisted by symbionts of SFAS and exoelectrogens was feasible for treatment of sludge filtrate in terms of both technical and economic level through pilot-scale verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China
| | - Gefu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Chunxing Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mingdian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Yu Y, Huang F, He Y, Wang F, Lv Y, Xu Y, Zhang Y. Efficient degradation of sulfamethoxazole by catalytic wet peroxide oxidation with sludge-derived carbon as catalysts. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:870-877. [PMID: 30139300 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1512657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a commonly used antibiotic for both human and animals. The frequent detection of SMX in natural water bodies and sediment has become an issue of great environmental concern due to its potential risk to induce antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria. In the present work, the catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) was investigated to remove SMX with sludge-derived carbon (SC) as a cheap alternative catalyst. Different acids were used to modify SC. It was found that SC modified with sulphuric acid (SC-H2SO4) demonstrated the best catalytic activity. The removal efficiency of SMX and TOC was 97.7% and 65.7%, respectively, after 260 min, at pH 5 with a dosage of 220 mg/L H2O2. The effects of temperature, initial pH and H2O2 dosage were also investigated. The study demonstrated that the increase of temperature could significantly improve the degradation of SMX from 10.0% at 20°C to 94.7% at 60°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yide He
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqing Wang
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Lv
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Liu X, Huang F, Yu Y, Jiang Y, Zhao K, He Y, Xu Y, Zhang Y. Determination and toxicity evaluation of the generated byproducts from sulfamethazine degradation during catalytic oxidation process. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 226:103-109. [PMID: 30921638 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sulfamethazine (SMZ), a kind of sulfonamide antibiotics, can exist for a long periods of time and has been widely detected in the environment, which could pose a potential health threat to human beings. In this study, sludge-derived carbon (SC) catalyst was modified and applied to degrade SMZ during catalytic oxidation process. Degradation products and possible transformation pathways were investigated based on data of GC-MS. The toxicity evolution of SMZ degradation after catalytic oxidation process was tested with zebrafish and microbial degradation respirometer. As a consequence, SC modified with nitric acid (SCHNO3) exhibited highly catalytic efficiency reached 92.2% SMZ conversion and 75.2% total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate after 480 min. Ten kinds of possible products were identified by GC-MS during degradation process of SMZ, indicating two possible pathways. No pronounced malformation was observed in the toxicity experiments with zebrafish until 120 h post fertilization (hpf). However, further analysis showed that zebrafish incubated with SMZ solution had higher mortality, lower hatching rate, slower spontaneous movement and shorter body length, compared with the group used normal nutrient solution, while the water after treatment had lower toxicity effects on zebrafish. The toxicity experiments with microbial degradation respirometer showed that SMZ solution had lower value of oxygen uptake, which indicated that SMZ solution had higher values of toxicity and inhibition of pharmaceutical compounds. This study provides a catalyst with low cost and high catalytic efficiency for degradation process of SMZ and gives a deeper insight into the ecotoxicity of treated water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Liu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Fei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; NanjingTech Institute for ChemEng&Environ Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 211800, China.
| | - Yongan Jiang
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yide He
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; NanjingTech Institute for ChemEng&Environ Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 211800, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; NanjingTech Institute for ChemEng&Environ Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 211800, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; NanjingTech Institute for ChemEng&Environ Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 211800, China.
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Abstract
Bio-hydrogen production (BHP) produced from renewable bio-resources is an attractive route for green energy production, due to its compelling advantages of relative high efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and lower ecological impact. This study reviewed different BHP pathways, and the most important enzymes involved in these pathways, to identify technological gaps and effective approaches for process intensification in industrial applications. Among the various approaches reviewed in this study, a particular focus was set on the latest methods of chemicals/metal addition for improving hydrogen generation during dark fermentation (DF) processes; the up-to-date findings of different chemicals/metal addition methods have been quantitatively evaluated and thoroughly compared in this paper. A new efficiency evaluation criterion is also proposed, allowing different BHP processes to be compared with greater simplicity and validity.
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Yu Y, Wei H, Yu Y, Yu L, Wang S, Sun C. Influence of calcium compounds as a compression framework on activated sludge dewaterability and calorific value. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:1025-1031. [PMID: 28402222 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1319422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium compounds have been known to be important for enhancing aggregation and dewaterability of activated sludge. In this study, the effect of calcium compounds (CaO, Ca(OH)2, CaCl2, CaSO4 and CaCO3, respectively) on sludge dewaterability and calorific value was investigated. Upon addition of CaO, Ca(OH)2, CaCl2, CaSO4 and CaCO3 (112 mg/g dry sludge) into activated sludge, after compressed filtration the moisture content of sludge was found to be 49.7%, 55.7%, 57.1%, 65.3% and 56.5%, respectively. The addition of calcium compounds altered the structure of sludge by CaCO3 and Ca(OH)2 production, which improved sludge filterability and provided frameworks and water passages during compression. Furthermore, sludge conditioned by CaO addition had better dewaterability than other calcium compounds. The heat generated from the CaO hydration and high pH might damage flocs' structure and improve dewaterability of sludge. Moreover, it was found that excess addition of calcium compounds led to low calorific value in combustion process. The study concluded that CaO is the optimal additive for sludge further dewatering by compressed filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- a Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian , People's Republic of China
- b School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing , People's Republic of China
| | - Huangzhao Wei
- a Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian , People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Yu
- a Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian , People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yu
- a Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian , People's Republic of China
| | - Sen Wang
- a Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian , People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Sun
- a Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian , People's Republic of China
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Wang T, Li C, Zhu G. Performance, process kinetics and functional microbial community of biocatalyzed electrolysis-assisted anaerobic baffled reactor treating carbohydrate-containing wastewater. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41150-41162. [PMID: 35559312 PMCID: PMC9091625 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08590k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbial electrolysis cell and dynamic model have been applied to improve methane production and achieve the optimal regulation of a thermophilic ABR system; the effective performance was due to a synergy effect of functional microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion
- Institute of Urban Environment
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xiamen 361021
- China
| | - Chunxing Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- Technical University of Denmark
- Denmark
| | - Gefu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion
- Institute of Urban Environment
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xiamen 361021
- China
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