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Xu C, Ni L, Li S, Du C, Sang W, Jiang Z. Quorum sensing regulation in Microcystis aeruginosa: Insights into AHL-mediated physiological processes and MC-LR production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170867. [PMID: 38340844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a widespread regulatory mechanism in Gram-negative bacteria, primarily involving the secretion of N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) to facilitate population density sensing. However, the existence of QS in blue-green algae, a subset of photoautotrophic Gram-negative bacteria forming high-density communities in water blooms, remains elusive. This study delves into the unexplored realm of QS in Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) by investigating AHL-related regulatory mechanisms and their impact on various physiological processes. Utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and biosensors, a hitherto unknown long-chain AHL exhibiting a mass-to-charge ratio of 318 was identified in sterile M. aeruginosa cultures. Our investigation focused on discerning correlations between AHL activity fluctuations and key parameters such as microcystin (MC-LR) production, algal density, photosynthesis, buoyancy, and aggregation. Furthermore, the AHL extract was introduced during the logarithmic stage of M. aeruginosa cultures to observe the response in physiological processes. The results revealed that AHL, functioning as an autoinducer (AI), positively influenced algal growth and photosynthesis, as evidenced by the upregulated photosynthetic conversion efficiency of PSI and chlorophyll synthesis gene (psbA). AI also played a crucial role in altering surface characteristics through the synthesis of polysaccharides and proteins in EPS, subsequently promoting cell aggregation. Concomitantly, AI upregulated mcyD, enhancing the synthesis of MC-LR. Notably, our investigation pinpointed the initiation of QS in Microcystis at a density of approximately 1.22 × 10^7 cells/mL. This groundbreaking evidence underscores the regulatory role of AI in governing the physiological processes of growth, aggregation, buoyancy, and MC-LR production by activating pertinent gene expressions. This study significantly expands the understanding of QS in AHL, providing crucial insights into the regulatory networks operating in blue-green algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shiyin Li
- College of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cunhao Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenlu Sang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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Wu D, Deng L, Wang T, Du W, Yin Y, Guo H. Aging process does not necessarily enhance the toxicity of polystyrene microplastics to Microcystis aeruginosa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163608. [PMID: 37087009 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution in aquatic systems has attracted increasing attention in recent years. MPs will inevitably encounter aging process in the environment. However, research on the effects of aged MPs on freshwater ecosystems remains limited. This study compared the properties of pristine and aged polystyrene (PS) MPs of different sizes (20 nm, 200 nm, 2000 nm) and determined the effects of aging on the toxicity of PS MPs to typical freshwater cyanobacteria, Microcystis aeruginosa. Aging process induced significant changes to the properties of the MPs, especially their microstructures and surface functional groups. Aging process also influenced zeta potential, which could further affect stability and toxicity of PS MPs. After 96 h exposure, increase of algal growth and photosynthetic activity was observed in the treatment of pristine 200 nm, aged 20 nm and aged 200 nm PS MPs. In addition, pristine 20 nm, pristine 200 nm, pristine 2000 nm, aged 20 nm and aged 200 nm PS MPs were adsorbed on algal cell surface, which could influence the cell permeability. Pristine PS MPs promoted microcystin synthesis and release, which could do harm to drinking water safety and freshwater ecosystems. However, there was no significant increase in aged PS MPs treatments. Furthermore, the increased 13C content of algal cells in all pristine PS MPs treatments indicated that M. aeruginosa assimilated more CO2 and generate more energy to resist the stress of pristine PS MPs when compared with aged PS MPs. These results indicate that aging process did not necessarily enhance the toxicity and biological risk of PS MPs to freshwater ecosystems. Findings of this study fill the knowledge gap in understanding the effects and risks of aged MPs on freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenchao Du
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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3
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The inhibition mechanism and death mode of Microcystis aeruginosa induced by the continuous pressure of artemisinin sustained-release microspheres (ASMs). ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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4
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Du C, Sang W, Xu C, Jiang Z, Wang J, Fang Y, Zhu C, Wizi J, Akram MA, Ni L, Li S. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of Microcystis aeruginosa exposed to artemisinin sustained-release microspheres. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130114. [PMID: 36368067 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin sustained-release microspheres (ASMs) have been shown to inhibit Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) blooms. Previous studies have focused on inhibitory mechanism of ASMs on the physiological level of M. aeruginosa, but the algal inhibitory mechanism of ASMs has not been comprehensively and profoundly revealed. The study proposed to reveal the toxicity mechanism of ASMs on M. aeruginosa based on transcriptomics and metabolomics. After exposure to 0.2 g·L-1 ASMs for 7 days, M. aeruginosa biomass was significantly inhibited, with an inhibition rate (IR) of 47 % on day 7. Transcriptomic and metabolomic results showed that: (1) 478 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 251 differential metabolites (DMs) were obtained; (2) ASMs inhibited photosynthesis by blocking photosynthetic pigment synthesis, destroying photoreaction centers and photosynthetic carbon reactions; (3) ASMs reduced L-glutamic acid content and blocked glutathione (GSH) synthesis, leading to an imbalance in the antioxidant system; (4) ASM disrupted nitrogen metabolism and the hindered synthesis of various amino acids; (5) ASMs inhibited glyoxylate cycle and TCA cycle. This study provides an important prerequisite for the practical application of ASMs and a new perspective for the management of harmful algal blooms (HABs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunhao Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Wenlu Sang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Chu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Chengjie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Jakpa Wizi
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad Asif Akram
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China
| | - Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 210098 Nanjing, China.
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, China.
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Ni L, Li Y, Li X, Xu C, Du C, Wu H, Li S. Response of cytotoxin production ability to gene expression and cell molecular structure of Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:47209-47220. [PMID: 36732453 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25218-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the inhibitory mechanism of artemisinin sustained-release microspheres (ASMs) on Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) from the molecular level, prx, psbA, fabZ, and mcyD were studied, and the cell death mode were also explored. The results showed that expression of prx was slightly up-regulated, while the expression of psbA, fabZ, and mcyD was significantly reduced. It can infer that oxidant damage and photic damage are the main mechanisms for the algicidal effect of ASMs on M. aeruginosa. It can be seen from the changes in cell morphology and structure that microspheres stress triggers apoptosis-like cell death, and the cell membrane is intact effectively preventing the leakage of microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Moreover, the down-regulation of mcyD gene also played major role in less extracellular MC-LR than intracellular MC-LR. It was concluded that the ASMs will not cause secondary ecological hazards while killing algae cells and have good application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, MOE, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, MOE, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xianglan Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, MOE, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Chu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, MOE, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Cunhao Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, MOE, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hanqi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, MOE, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China.
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Sang W, Du C, Liu X, Ni L, Li S, Xu J, Chen X, Xu J, Xu C. Effect of artemisinin sustained-release algaecide on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and the underlying physiological mechanisms. RSC Adv 2022; 12:16094-16104. [PMID: 35733687 PMCID: PMC9150219 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00065b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of phycobiliprotein and esterase activity of Microcystis aeruginosa cells on the effect of artemisinin slow-release algaecide. We analyzed the sustained stress of artemisinin slow-release algaecide and the associated changes in density, phycobiliprotein, and esterase activity in Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) and monitored changes in the physical and chemical properties of the algae during the process. The results showed that the cumulative release concentration of artemisinin sustained-release algaecide in different media was similar. When the total amount of artemisinin was kept at 5.00–5.30 mg L−1, the effect of artemisinin on algal cells and the release amount of slow-release algicides reached a dynamic balance, and the equilibrium concentration could inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa. Artemisinin slow-release algaecide slowly released artemisinin and inhibited the content of phycobiliprotein in M. aeruginosa. The esterase activity recovered after 15 days and continued to increase. Artemisinin showed no harmful effect on M. aeruginosa and increased the metabolic activity of algal cells. M. aeruginosa may undergo programmed cell death, keeping the cell membrane structure intact. The use of micro-nano materials can increase the effect of allelochemicals on Microcystis aeruginosa. The slow release of allelopathic active substances from the algae inhibitor reduces the algal density of Microcystis aeruginosa cells. However, the enhanced metabolic activity of algal cells may be due to artemisinin causing PCD in Microcystis cells, keeping the cell membrane structure intact, thereby preventing algal cell rupture and release of a large amount of algal toxins. This study focuses on changes in algal density, phycobiliprotein and esterase activity of M. aeruginosa under the continuous stress of artemisinin sustained-release algaecide and the analysis of the physicochemical changes in the algae.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlu Sang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China
| | - Cunhao Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China
| | - Xiaguo Liu
- Jiangsu Environmental Protection Group Suzhou Co., Ltd Suzhou 215000 China
| | - Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210097 China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University 1 Xikang Road Nanjing 210098 China
| | - Xuqing Chen
- Cyanobacteria Management Office Wuxi 214071 China
| | - Jian Xu
- Cyanobacteria Management Office Wuxi 214071 China
| | - Chu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China
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7
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Zhang H, Zong R, He H, Huang T. Effects of hydrogen peroxide on Scenedesmus obliquus: Cell growth, antioxidant enzyme activity and intracellular protein fingerprinting. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132185. [PMID: 34500328 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an environmental-friendly algicide and it is widely used to control algal blooms in aquatic ecosystems. However, the response of algal cell metabolic characteristics and intracellular protein profile under H2O2 stress is still not well understood. In the present study, the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus was exposed to different concentrations of H2O2 (0, 2, 6, 8 and 10 mg L-1) to evaluate the changes in algal morphological, physiological, and proteomic features to H2O2 exposure. The results showed that 8 mg L-1 of H2O2 could effectively inhibit the cell growth and photosynthetic activity of S. obliquus including chlorophyll-a content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) observed in this study indicate that cells exposure to H2O2 caused oxidative stress. The metabolic activity of S. obliquus was significantly decreased by H2O2 treatment. In terms of proteomic analysis, 251 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were successfully identified. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed significant protein enrichment in the metabolic pathways, photosynthesis, ascorbic acid, and alginate metabolism and phenylpropane biosynthesis of S. obliquus. The analysis of protein-protein interaction system shows that the pathways of photosynthesis and metabolic pathways of S. obliquus were essential to resist oxidative stress. Taking together, these results shed new lights on exploring the cell physiological metabolism and intracellular protein mechanisms of H2O2 inhibition on algal blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihan Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Rongrong Zong
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Huiyan He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
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8
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Ni L, Wu H, Du C, Li X, Li Y, Xu C, Wang P, Li S, Zhang J, Chen X. Effects of allelochemical artemisinin in Artemisia annua on Microcystis aeruginosa: growth, death mode, and microcystin-LR changes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:45253-45265. [PMID: 33861424 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of an allelochemical artemisinin extracted from Artemisia annua (A. annua) on cell growth, death mode, and microcystin-LR (MC-LR) changes of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa), a series of morphological and biochemical characteristics were studied. The results showed that artemisinin could inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa and reduce the content of phycobiliprotein. Under the allelopathy of artemisinin, algae cells deformed due to swelling, which caused cell membranes to rupture and cell contents to leak. FDA/PI double-staining results showed that 15.10-94.90% of algae cells experienced the death mode of necrosis-like. Moreover, there were 8.35-14.50% of algae cells undergoing programmed cell death, but their caspase-3-like protease activity remained unchanged, which may mean that algae cells were not experiencing caspase-dependent apoptosis under artemisinin stress. Attacked by artemisinin directly, both intracellular and extracellular MC-LR increased sharply with the upregulation of mcyB, mcyD, and mcyH. The upregulation multiple of mcyH suggested that M. aeruginosa could accelerate transportation of algal toxin under adverse conditions of artemisinin. Artemisinin not only can inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa but it also causes the accelerated release and increase of microcystin-LR. These imply that the application of artemisinin should be reconsidered in practical water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hanqi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Cunhao Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xianglan Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Chu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China.
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Water Conservancy Department, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xuqing Chen
- Cyanobacteria Management Office, Wuxi, 214071, China
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Ni L, Li X, Xu C, Li Y, Wu H, Du C, Li S. Stress of Artemisinin Sustained-Release Granules on Photosystem II, Reactive Oxygen Species and Metabolic Activity of Microcystis aeruginosa Cells. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 107:343-350. [PMID: 34251462 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03327-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitory mechanisms of artemisinin anti-algae sustained-release granules (AASG) on algal cells at cytoplasmic level were investigated. The results showed that 0.2 g L-1 AASG could effectively inhibit the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa (M.aeruginosa). The stress of 0.2 g L-1 AASG changed the excitation energy distribution pattern of Photosystem II (PSII) of algal cells, which showed the increase of heat dissipation share and the inhibition of physiological activities related to PSII. At the same time, AASG induced a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which aggravated the membrane lipid peroxidation and caused serious damage to algae cell membrane. AASG also resulted in the decrease of esterase activity and alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) in algal cells. Results showed that AASG inhibited algal growth by exerting adverse effects on PSII, ROS and metabolic activity of M.aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xianglan Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Chu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hanqi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Cunhao Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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10
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Wu D, Wang T, Wang J, Jiang L, Yin Y, Guo H. Size-dependent toxic effects of polystyrene microplastic exposure on Microcystis aeruginosa growth and microcystin production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:143265. [PMID: 33257060 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to increasingly severe microplastic pollution in freshwaters, the interaction between these contaminants and cyanobacteria warrants study. In this study, we expose the freshwater cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa to different sizes (1 μm and 100 nm) of polystyrene (PS) microplastics of 5 mg/L. Results indicate 1 μm microplastics promote algal growth (12.42% ± 0.94%) at 96 h, and have greater potential to aggregate on algal cell surfaces and inhibit photosynthesis. But no significance was observed in 100 nm microplastics treatment on algal growth and photosynthetic activity after 96 h exposure. Especially, 1 μm microplastics increased the content of intracellular microcystins (MCs) (18.42% ±0.33%) after 72 h and inhibit MCs release (23.87% ±8.79%) at 72 h, while 100 nm PS microplastics promote MCs production only at 48 h (14.83% ± 7.07%). Results indicate that smaller size does not necessarily mean greater toxicity, 1 μm microplastics showing more adverse effects than 100 nm microplastics to M. aeruginosa, improving understanding of the toxicity of microplastics in freshwater ecosystems, and challenging the conventionally held belief that smaller microplastics are more toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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11
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Effects of Mixed Allelochemicals on the Growth of Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystin Production, Extracellular Polymeric Substances, and Water Quality. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12071861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of cyanobacteria growth by allelochemicals, which controls harmful algal blooms has been examined in many studies. The objective of this work was to compare the efficiencies of different allelochemicals and determine a mixing proportion corresponding to the highest algae inhibiting activity and smallest adverse effect. The obtained results demonstrated that artemisinin, nonanoic acid, malonic acid, and ethyl acetate inhibited algal growth more efficiently than D-menthol and lactic acid. Synergies were observed in five groups of allelochemical combinations with inhibition ratios exceeding 80%, and the concentrations of extracellular microcystin-LR in the groups with high algal inhibition ratios were lower than that in the control group on the 7th day. No changes in extracellular polymeric substances compositions were detected after treatment. The permanganate indices of the treated groups were higher than that of the control group; however, this disparity gradually decreased with time. In addition, a sharp decrease in the concentration of dissolved inorganic phosphorus was observed for all treated groups. From the obtained data, the optimal proportion of mixed allelochemicals corresponding to 3.94 mg L−1 of artemisinin, 6.27 mg L−1 of nonanoic acid, 8.2 mg L−1 of malonic acid, and 6.38 mg L−1 of ethyl acetate was suggested.
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Zhao G, Wu D, Cao S, Du W, Yin Y, Guo H. Effects of CeO 2 Nanoparticles on Microcystis aeruginosa Growth and Microcystin Production. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 104:834-839. [PMID: 32306073 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between metal oxide nanoparticles and toxin-producing cyanobacteria is relatively unknown. The present work exposed Microcystis sp.7806 to different concentrations of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) (1 mg/L, 10 mg/L and 50 mg/L), and evaluated the growth, photosynthetic activity, reactive oxygen species level, and the extra-(intra-) cellular microcystin-LR (MC-LR) contents. The particle size, zeta potential and cerium ions released into the medium were analyzed. Results showed 10 mg/L NP treatment promoted algae growth but slightly inhibited the photosynthetic yield of algae, and the 50 mg/L treatment reduced algae biomass. The algal cells remarkably responded to oxidative stress at higher concentrations (10 mg/L and 50 mg/L). CeO2 NPs largely increased the intracellular MC-LR content at 50 mg/L, and significantly reduced the extracellular MC-LR content at any concentration. This demonstrates CeO2 NPs may pose an ecological risk potential during harmful algal blooms by stimulating toxin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shenglai Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenchao Du
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Ni L, Yue F, Zhang J, Rong S, Liu X, Wang Y, Wang P, Li D, Wang N, Wu H, Li S. Cell membrane damage induced by continuous stress of artemisinin sustained-release microspheres (ASMs) on Microcystis aeruginosa at different physiological stages. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:12624-12634. [PMID: 32006333 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07813-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin sustained-release microspheres (ASMs) with long-term inhibition effects (> 40 days) on harmful freshwater bloom-forming cyanobacteria have been found in previous studies, but the inhibition mechanism is not completely clear. In the present study, we examined the growth effect of ASMs on Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) cells at different physiological stages. Growth experiments indicated that M. aeruginosa of different initial densities could be inhibited immediately and chlorophyll-a content both showed significant decreases following exposure of cyanobacteria to optimal dosage of ASMs for 20 days. The algicidal mechanism of ASMs was tested through a suite of physiological parameters (membrane permeability, antioxidant enzymes activity, and lipid peroxidation). The rise of cell membrane permeability indices (intracellular protein, nucleic acid contents, and conductivity) showed that the cellular membrane structure of M. aeruginosa was attacked by ASMs directly causing the leakage of cytoplasm. Antioxidant enzyme activity was a sensitive indicator of the impacts of ASMs which showed a significant downtrend after a few days. ASMs caused a great increase in •O2- and malondialdehyde (MDA) level of the algal cells which indicated the increase in lipid peroxidation of M. aeruginosa. Irreversible membrane damage induced by ASMs via the oxidation of ROS may be an important factor responsible for the algicidal mechanism of ASMs on M. aeruginosa cells. The application of ASMs might provide a new direction to control M. aeruginosa, especially before the exponential phase according to the optimal economy and inhibition effect. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE; School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Feifei Yue
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE; School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Water Conservancy Department, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shiyi Rong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE; School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xuanyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE; School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE; School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE; School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Danye Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE; School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hanqi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE; School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China.
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Amouzad Khalili M, Abedian Kenari A, Rezaei M, Mirzakhani MK. Antioxidant and Antibacterial Effects of Vitamins C and E Alone or a Combination on Microalgae (Nannochloropsis oculata) Paste Quality during Cold Storage. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2019.1683108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Amouzad Khalili
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources & Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Abdolmohammad Abedian Kenari
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources & Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Masoud Rezaei
- Department of Seafood processing, Faculty of Natural Resources & Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazem Mirzakhani
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources & Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran
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Wu D, Yang S, Du W, Yin Y, Zhang J, Guo H. Effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on Microcystis aeruginosa and microcystins production and release. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 377:1-7. [PMID: 31129339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to growing production and use, release of nanoparticles (NPs) into the aquatic environment may pose a hazard to ecosystem. In this study, Microcystis aeruginosa was exposed to different concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, 50, 100 mg/L) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs to assess their impact on algae. Meanwhile, the production and release of microcystins (MCs) was determined. Results showed that TiO2 NPs significantly decreased the maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, and thus inhibited the photosynthetic activity of M. aeruginosa. They also increased the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), indicating their oxidative damage on algae. Besides, TiO2 NPs at high concentrations (50 and 100 mg/L) aggregated on the algal surface and block the light, herein inhibited algae growth (16.03%±2.50% and 54.13%±0.93%) but induced the production (25.02%±1.23% and 114.43%±2.96%) and release (20.96%±13.30% and 12.10%±8.80%) of MCs. These results indicated that high concentrations of TiO2 NPs increased MCs concentration in water system, which may be harmful to aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shixiong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenchao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jingxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Zhu J, He Y, Wang J, Qiao Z, Wang Y, Li Z, Huang M. Impact of aeration disturbances on endogenous phosphorus fractions and their algae growth potential from malodorous river sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:8062-8070. [PMID: 28138882 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8471-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present work assessed the impact of aeration disturbances on sediment-bound phosphorus fractions and their algae growth potential from a typical malodorous river. Phosphorus was sequentially extracted by a modified version of Hedley fractionation method. It was found that the mean contents of TP was 1476.1 ± 60.3 mg/kg, consisting mainly of dilute HCl-extractable P (52.6%) and NaOH-P (19.2%). The algae growth potential tests demonstrated that algae growth had varied P-level requirements for different P speciation and NaOH-P promoted algae growth remarkably and its promoting effect was positively related to its concentration. Additionally, intermittent overlying water aeration modes were recommended, and run 1 (7.0 mg/L, 12 h) was deemed as the optimized aerated mode in terms of its relatively low ecological risk and high P retention. It was noted that NaOH-P was most affected by aeration disturbance and exhibited marked increase with the elevated dissolved oxygen (DO) level whether for intermittent overlying water or sediment aeration. This research helps to gain improved understanding of the ecological risk on sediment P, and NaOH-P is recognized as one ecologically important P fraction in the sediments considering its relatively high proportion and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yan He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhaochao Qiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Minsheng Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
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Wang S, Xu Z. Effects of Dihydroartemisinin and Artemether on the Growth, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Extracellular Alkaline Phosphatase Activity of the Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164842. [PMID: 27755566 PMCID: PMC5068738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased eutrophication in the recent years has resulted in considerable research focus on identification of methods for preventing cyanobacterial blooms that are rapid and efficient. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of dihydroartemisinin and artemether on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and to elucidate its mode of action. Variations in cell density, chlorophyll a, soluble protein, malondialdehyde, extracellular alkaline phosphatase activity (APA), and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, ETR, rapid light curves, fast chlorophyll fluorescence curves on fluorescence intensity, and relative variable fluorescence) were evaluated by lab-cultured experiments. Our results demonstrated that both dihydroartemisinin and artemether inhibited the growth of M.aeruginosa by impairing the photosynthetic center in photosystem II and reducing extracellular APA, with a higher sensitivity exhibited toward artemether. The inhibitory effects of dihydroartemisinin on M.aeruginosa increased with concentration, and the maximum growth inhibitory rate was 42.17% at 24 mg·L-1 after 120h exposure, whereas it was 55.72% at 6 mg·L-1 artemetherafter 120h exposure. Moreover, the chlorophyll fluorescence was significantly inhibited (p<0.05) after 120h exposure to 12 and 24 mg·L-1 dihydroartemisinin. Furthermore, after 120h exposure to 6 mg·L-1 artemether, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, ETR and rETRmax showed a significant decrease (p<0.01) from initial values of 0.490, 0.516, 17.333, and 104.800, respectively, to 0. One-way analysis of variance showed that 6 mg·L-1 artemether and 24 mg·L-1 dihydroartemisinin had significant inhibitory effects on extracellular APA (p<0.01). The results of this study would be useful to further studies to validate the feasibility of dihydroartemisinin and artemether treatment to inhibit overall cyanobacterial growth in water bodies, before this can be put into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoubing Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziran Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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