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Zhang R, Huang T, Wen G, Tian X, Tang Z. Removal of ammonium and manganese from surface water using a MeO x filter system as a pretreatment process. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:1302-1312. [PMID: 34709999 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.2000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Residual aluminium from the coagulation-sedimentation process in the treatment of surface water can decrease the catalytic activity of a manganese co-oxide filter film (MeOx) used for ammonium and manganese removal. To solve this problem, a MeOx filter was used as a pretreatment process to filtrate source water directly before the coagulation and sedimentation treatment. The removal performance and the mechanism of change in the activity of MeOx were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the MeOx filter removed ammonium and manganese from surface water sources effectively, and its manganese removal activity was enhanced. The characteristics of MeOx were investigated via SEM, EDS, XPS, and the BET surface area. Analysis of the experimental results showed that the increase in the content of Al under this condition was much lower than that under treatment with the coagulation-sedimentation process. After long-term operation, the amount and surface area of MeOx coated on the filter sand increased significantly, leading to an increase in the catalytic activity. However, in cold water, the catalytic activity of MeOx decreased, and more Mn(II) was obtained on the surface of MeOx. Thus, the morphology of MeOx changed. Fortunately, when water temperature increases, the removal activity can recover immediately. By inactivating microorganisms and comparing the removal performance with that under other conditions, the MeOx activity of the pretreatment process is preserved effectively and no strengthening measures are required. This study will provide a new strategy for the use of the MeOx catalytic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Zhang
- School of Urban Planning and municipal engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangcheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
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Zhou J, Kong Y, Wu M, Shu F, Wang H, Ma S, Li Y, Jeppesen E. Effects of Nitrogen Input on Community Structure of the Denitrifying Bacteria with Nitrous Oxide Reductase Gene (nosZ I): a Long-Term Pond Experiment. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:454-464. [PMID: 35118509 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-01971-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Excessive nitrogen (N) input is an important factor influencing aquatic ecosystems and has received increasing public attention in the past decades. It remains unclear how N input affects the denitrifying bacterial communities that play a key role in regulating N cycles in various ecosystems. To test our hypothesis-that the abundance and biodiversity of denitrifying bacterial communities decrease with increasing N-we compared the abundance and composition of denitrifying bacteria having nitrous oxide reductase gene (nosZ I) from sediments (0-20 cm) in five experimental ponds with different nitrogen fertilization treatment (TN10, TN20, TN30, TN40, TN50) using quantitative PCR and pyrosequencing techniques. We found that (1) N addition significantly decreased nosZ I gene abundance, (2) the Invsimpson and Shannon indices (reflecting biodiversity) first increased significantly along with the increasing N loading in TN10-TN40 followed by a decrease in TN50, (3) the beta diversity of the nosZ I denitrifier was clustered into three groups along the TN concentration levels: Cluster I (TN50), Cluster II (TN40), and Cluster III (TN10-TN30), (4) the proportions of Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria in the high-N treatment (TN50) were significantly lower than in the lower N treatments (TN10-TN30). (5) The TN concentration was the most important factor driving the alteration of denitrifying bacteria assemblages. Our findings shed new light on the response of denitrification-related bacteria to long-term N loading at pond scale and on the response of denitrifying microorganisms to N pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Jining, China
| | - Yong Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Jining, China
| | - Mengmeng Wu
- Shandong Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - Fengyue Shu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Jining, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Shuonan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, China
- Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation (EKOSAM), Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Mersin, Turkey
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Lazarenko NS, Golovakhin VV, Shestakov AA, Lapekin NI, Bannov AG. Recent Advances on Membranes for Water Purification Based on Carbon Nanomaterials. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:915. [PMID: 36295674 PMCID: PMC9606928 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12100915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Every year the problem of water purification becomes more relevant. This is due to the continuous increase in the level of pollution of natural water sources, an increase in the population, and sharp climatic changes. The growth in demand for affordable and clean water is not always comparable to the supply that exists in the water treatment market. In addition, the amount of water pollution increases with the increase in production capacity, the purification of which cannot be fully handled by conventional processes. However, the application of novel nanomaterials will enhance the characteristics of water treatment processes which are one of the most important technological problems. In this review, we considered the application of carbon nanomaterials in membrane water purification. Carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, graphite, graphene oxide, and activated carbon were analyzed as promising materials for membranes. The problems associated with the application of carbon nanomaterials in membrane processes and ways to solve them were discussed. Their efficiency, properties, and characteristics as a modifier for membranes were analyzed. The potential directions, opportunities and challenges for application of various carbon nanomaterials were suggested.
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Ribeiro Dos Santos P, de Souza Leite L, Daniel LA. Performance of biological activated carbon (BAC) filtration for the treatment of secondary effluent: A pilot-scale study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 302:114026. [PMID: 34731715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the adsorption capability for organic compounds, granular activated carbon (GAC) can also serve as a good media for the growth of microbial communities in biofilters. Despite its potential, the application of BAC filtration for municipal wastewater treatment has been little addressed in the literature. In this context, this paper aimed to investigate BAC filtration as a post-treatment of anaerobic effluent in pilot scale and its performance in removing organic matter and turbidity. Removal efficiencies during the biofilters run times and along biofilters depth were also evaluated. Three BAC filters were evaluated under different operating conditions of filtration rates (from 13 to 32 m d-1) and empty bed contact time (EBCT) (from 45 to 112 min) during 170 days. The lowest filtration rate (13 m d-1) presented the best performance in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal (68.2 ± 4.0%), leading to mean DOC effluent concentration of 6.8 ± 0,9 mg L-1. The BAC reached the stability of biological activity from the 63rd day of operation, however, the adsorption process was still occurring contributing to DOC removal. These DOC removals were higher than those results reported in the literature for BAC filters treating drinking water and municipal wastewater. The DOC removal efficiencies were maintained during the filter run times, showing the robustness of the system even after the interference caused by the backwashing process. BAC filtration was also capable of removing turbidity, with removal efficiencies between 84.5 ± 3.6% and 70.63 ± 6.8% depending on the filtration rate. The results indicated the capability of BAC systems to remove efficiently organic carbon and turbidity from effluents with high organic content, mean of 23.97 (±3.96) mg.L-1, and also valuable support to determine adequate operating parameters for BAC filters application in secondary effluent treatment, such as filtration rate (13 m d-1), EBCT (112 min), and detailed backwashing procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-59, São Carlos - São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Luan de Souza Leite
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-59, São Carlos - São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Daniel
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-59, São Carlos - São Paulo, Brazil
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Ren Z, Fu X, Zhang G, Li Y, Qin Y, Wang P, Liu X, Lv L. Study on performance and mechanism of enhanced low-concentration ammonia nitrogen removal from low-temperature wastewater by iron-loaded biological activated carbon filter. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 301:113859. [PMID: 34597949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to strengthen the treatment of low-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater at low temperature, iron-loaded activated carbon (Fe-AC) with ultrasonic impregnation method was used as the filter material of biofilter process. The performance and mechanism of ammonia nitrogen removal from simulated secondary wastewater by iron-loaded biological activated carbon filter (Fe-BACF) were studied at 10 °C. The characterization results showed that iron was loaded on the surface of AC in the form of Fe2O3, and the specific surface area, total pore volume, pore size and alkaline functional group content of Fe-AC were obviously increased. After the formation of biofilm on the surface of filter media, the average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen by Fe-BACF (97.9%) was significantly higher than that of conventional BACF (87.8%). The improved surface properties increased the number and metabolic activity of microorganisms, and promoted the secretion of EPS on the surface of Fe-BAC. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed that the existence of Fe optimized the bacterial community structure on the surface of Fe-BAC, with the increase of the abundances of psychrophilic bacteria and ammonia nitrogen removal bacteria. The mechanism of enhanced ammonia nitrogen removal by Fe-BACF was the joint action of many factors, among which the main causal relationship was that modification of iron could optimize the number and category of microorganisms on Fe-BAC surface by improving the surface properties, thus improving the biological nitrogen removal ability. Results of this study provided a practical way for the treatment of low ammonia nitrogen wastewater in cold regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Fu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Yuyou Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China
| | - Longyi Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, PR China.
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Zheng Z, Li W, Wang Y, Zhang D, Qin W, Zhao Y. Application of glucose for improving NH 4+-N removal in micro-polluted source water by immobilized heterotrophic nitrifiers at low temperature. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130459. [PMID: 33845435 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bio-enhanced activated carbon (BEAC) filters have shown potential in source water purification. The key drawback of this system is the difficulty of the set-up at low temperature. Here, glucose was applied to help immobilize more functional heterotrophic nitrifiers and further improve NH4+-N removal by BEAC. Results showed that pre-loading glucose on granular activated carbon could achieve better immobilization efficiency with 5.12 × 108 CFU/g-DW C biomass and 3.77 mg TF/L/g-DW C dehydrogenase activity after artificial immobilization, which were separately 12.5 and 4.2 times of the control. 95-d running data at different conditions showed the superiority of both immobilization and NH4+-N removal could last and defend environment changes during relatively long period. Even at the end of operating, the abundance of targeting genus (Acinetobacter) still occupied 9.59% of microbial communities on BEAC, while this value was only 1.24% without pre-loading glucose. Biolog-ECO plate analysis found pre-loading glucose improved organic nitrogen metabolism effectively, along with carbohydrate, amino, alcohol, amine and carboxylic acid metabolism on BEAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejia Zheng
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Weiguang Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Yuqi Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Duoying Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.
| | - Wen Qin
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
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Lu Z, Li C, Jing Z, Ao X, Chen Z, Sun W. Implication on selection and replacement of granular activated carbon used in biologically activated carbon filters through meta-omics analysis. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 198:117152. [PMID: 33940501 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biologically activated carbon (BAC) filters are widely used in China and worldwide as an essential part of advanced water treatment. However, it is unclear how to properly select the granular activated carbon (GAC) used in BAC filters and to determine when GAC should be replaced. In this study, five BAC filters, each filled with a different coconut- or coal-based GAC with different physicochemical properties, were run continuously for 400 days. The structure and function of the microbial community and the quantity of specific enzymes in the BAC filters were investigated through an integrated metagenomic/metaproteomic analysis. The results indicated that GAC adsorption still played a major role in removing organic matter once the filters reached a steady-state, which was attributed to bioregeneration, and the contribution of adsorption might be relatively greater than that of biodegradation. GAC with strong adsorption capacity and high bioregeneration potential selected bacterial communities more phylogenetically closely-related than others. The iodine value could be used as an indicator of BAC performance in terms of organic matter removal in the initial stage of the filters, which is dominated by adsorption. However, it could not be used to assess performance at a later stage when adsorption and biodegradation occurred simultaneously. Pore-size distribution characteristics could be chosen as a potential better indicator compared with the current adsorption indicators, dually representing the adsorption performance and the microbial activity, and the proportion of important pore-size of GAC that is more suitable for BAC filter is suggested. GAC with strongly polar terminal groups is more conducive to the removal of ammonium-nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zedong Lu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Zibo Jing
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Xiuwei Ao
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Zhongyun Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua, Suzhou215163, China.
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Zhang D, Liu Y, Han Y, Zhang Y, Jia X, Li W, Li D, Jing L. Nitrate removal from low C/N wastewater at low temperature by immobilized Pseudomonas sp. Y39-6 with versatile nitrate metabolism pathways. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 326:124794. [PMID: 33550210 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For solving the challenge in nitrate removal from low C/N wastewater at low temperature, Pseudomonas sp. Y39-6 was isolated and used in nitrate removal. It showed aerobic-heterotrophic denitrification with rate of 1.77 ± 0.31 mg/L·h and unusual aerobic-autotrophic nitrate removal (rate of 0.324 mg/L·h). The aerobic-autotrophic nitrate removal mechanisms were deep investigated by analyzing the nitrate removal process and genomic information. At aerobic-autotrophic condition, the strain Y39-6 could assimilate nitrate to amino acid (NO3- + PHA + CO2 → C5H7O2N) with the carbon source from Polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (PHA) degradation and CO2 fixation. Flagella motivation, swarming activity and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production regulated Pseudomonas sp. Y39-6 forming biofilm. Carriers immobilized with Pseudomonas sp. Y39-6 were used in moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and achieved 24.83% nitrate removal at C/N < 1 and 4 °C. Results of this study provided a practical way for nitrogen removal from low C/N wastewater in cold region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoying Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yaxi Han
- School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- School of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Xuebin Jia
- School of Civil Engineering, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Donghui Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Liqiang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
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Qin W, Hammes F. Substrate Pre-loading Influences Initial Colonization of GAC Biofilter Biofilms. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:596156. [PMID: 33510720 PMCID: PMC7835318 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.596156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial community composition and stability affect pollutant removal for biological/granular activated carbon (BAC/GAC) processes. Here, we pre-loaded the organic carbon substrates sucrose, lactose, and Lysogeny Broth (LB) medium onto new GAC prior to use and then tested whether this substrate pre-loading promoted development of biofilms with high coverage that remained stable for prolonged operational periods. Temporal dynamics of the biomass and microbial community on the GAC were monitored via flow cytometry (FCM) and sequencing, respectively, in both batch and continuous-flow experiments. In comparison with the non-loaded GAC (control), the initial biofilm biomass on substrate-loaded GAC was 3–114 times higher, but the initial richness was considerably lower (only accounting for 13–28% of the control). The initial community compositions were significantly different between batch and continuous-flow column experiments, even when loaded with the same substrates. In the continuous-flow column experiments, both biomass and microbial community composition became remarkably similar to the control filters after 64 days of operation. From these findings, we conclude that substrate-loaded GAC could enhance initial colonization, affecting both biomass and microbial community composition. However, the biomass and composition did not remain stable during long-term operation due to continuous dispersal and competition from influent bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Qin
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag-Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Frederik Hammes
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag-Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Li WG, Qin W, Song Y, Zheng ZJ, Lv LY. Impact of ozonation and biologically enhanced activated carbon filtration on the composition of micropollutants in drinking water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:33927-33935. [PMID: 30003486 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2700-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A pilot-scale drinking water treatment process for Songhua River, including conventional treatment (coagulation-settlement and rapid sand filtration), ozonation, biological enhanced activated carbon (BEAC) filtration, and chlorination disinfection, was carried out in this study. To investigate the impact of ozonation and BEAC filtration on removing the composition of micropollutants in drinking water, we detected the micropollutant composition from each stage of the treatment process by non-targeted analysis using a GC-MS technique and compared the results between effluents of single BEAC and O3-BEAC processes. Aromatic compounds and esters could be abated efficiently during single BEAC filtration via biodegradation and adsorption; however, possible metabolic products (i.e., alkenes) were formed by biodegradation. Comparatively, O3-BEAC process could reduce micropollutants much more significantly than single BEAC process especially for aromatic compounds including substituted benzenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) without the formation of metabolic products through the coupling effect of oxidation, biodegradation, and adsorption, suggesting that ozonation improved the removal potential of micropollutants in the BEAC process. In addition, conventional and novel chlorinated disinfection by-products were also measured during post-chlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Guang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin, China.
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Wen Qin
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Song
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- Research Institute of Environmental Studies at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ze-Jia Zheng
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Long-Yi Lv
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Zheng Z, Li W, Zhang D, Qin W, Zhao Y, Lv L. Effect of iron and manganese on ammonium removal from micro-polluted source water by immobilized HITLi7 T at 2 °C. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 285:121367. [PMID: 31022577 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, trace metals (Fe & Mn) were applied to enhance NH4+-N removal in source water at 2 °C, and 22.7% of initial 2.20 mg/L NH4+-N was removed by pre-treating granular activated carbon (GAC) with Fe & Mn before immobilizing Acinetobacter harbinensis HITLi7T to form biological activated carbon (BAC). Biomass and dehydrogenase activity (DHA) on this modified BAC were 2.80 × 108 CFU/g-DW C and 0.50 mg/L/g-DW C, respectively, both the highest. Additionally, 4.76 times more biomass and 9.76 times higher DHA of HITLi7T were observed in the cultivation with Fe & Mn dosing. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) measurements found Fe & Mn dosing could increase total EPS amount (44.3% higher) and polysaccharide (PS) ratio (1.50% higher) secreted by HITLi7T. According to the results of 3D-excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) fluorescence spectra and infrared spectra (FTIR) analysis, Fe and Mn promoted the secretion of tryptophan-like substances and changed functional groups COH, COC, CO and COOH, which are associated with protein and PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejia Zheng
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Duoying Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Wen Qin
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Longyi Lv
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Kamde K, Dahake R, Pandey RA, Bansiwal A. Integrated bio-oxidation and adsorptive filtration reactor for removal of arsenic from wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:1337-1348. [PMID: 29283032 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1422547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, removal of arsenic from different industrial effluent discharged using simple, efficient and low-cost technique has been widely considered. In this study, removal of arsenic (As) from real wastewater has been studied employing modified bio-oxidation followed by adsorptive filtration method in a novel continuous flow through the reactor. This method includes biological oxidation of ferrous to ferric ions by immobilized Acidothiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria on granulated activated carbon (GAC) in fixed bed bio-column reactor with the adsorptive filtration unit. Removal efficiency was optimized regarding the initial flow rate of media and ferrous ions concentration. Synthetic wastewater sample having different heavy metal ions such as Arsenic (As), Cobalt (Co), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb) and Manganese (Mn) were also used in the study. The structural and surface changes occurring after the treatment process were scrutinized using FT-IR and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. The finding showed that not only arsenic can be removed considerably in the bioreactor system, but also removing efficiency was much more (<90%) for other heavy metals in real wastewater sample. The results from TCPL test confirms that solid spent media was non-hazardous and can be safely disposed of. This study verified that combination of bio-oxidation with adsorptive filtration method improves the removal efficiency of arsenic and other heavy metal ions in wastewater sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Kamde
- a Environmental Biotechnology Division CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - Rashmi Dahake
- b Environmental Material Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - R A Pandey
- a Environmental Biotechnology Division CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - Amit Bansiwal
- b Environmental Material Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
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13
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Du J, Dong Z, Yang X, Zhao L. Facile fabrication of sodium styrene sulfonate-grafted ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer as adsorbent for ammonium removal from aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:27235-27244. [PMID: 30030758 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2750-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An adsorbent EVOH-g-SSS(H) was successfully synthesized for ammonium removal by one-step grafting SSS onto EVOH particles directly using radiation-induced grafting technique followed by protonation. The effects of adsorbed dose and monomer concentration on grafting yield were investigated. The adsorption behaviors of the EVOH-g-SSS(H) towards ammonium ions (NH4+) were discussed. The adsorption isotherm of NH4+ was a followed Langmuir model with the maximum adsorption capacity of 22.53 mg/g at optimal pH 6.5. For comparison, adsorption kinetics towards NH4+ removal by EVOH-g-SSS(H) and commercially available DIAION PK228 were studied. Both adsorbents were better obeyed pseudo-second-order mode. EVOH-g-SSS(H) for NH4+ uptake was faster than PK228 and reached equilibrium within 5 min. Column experiment showed that the column adsorption capacity of EVOH-g-SSS(H) adsorbent was 9.69 mg/g-ad at SV 10 h-1. The NH4+ concentration in outlet solution can maintain at a very low level even SV was as high as 800 h-1. The elution curve showed the EVOH-g-SSS(H) adsorbent can be regenerated using 1 M HCl. Besides, the removal percentage of NH4+ can be 97% from actual groundwater within 1 min. Such high adsorption efficiency of EVOH-g-SSS(H) makes it to be employed as an adsorbent for NH4+ removal in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifu Du
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Zheng Z, Zhang D, Li W, Qin W, Huang X, Lv L. Substrates removal and growth kinetic characteristics of a heterotrophic nitrifying-aerobic denitrifying bacterium, Acinetobacter harbinensis HITLi7 T at 2 °C. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 259:286-293. [PMID: 29573607 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification ability of Acinetobacter harbinensis HITLi7T at 2 °C, both the growth parameters and substrates utilization characteristics were tested and appropriated kinetic models were obtained in this study. Under the initial concentration of 5 mg/L, the maximum NH4+-N and NO3--N degradation rates were 0.076 mg NH4+-N/L/h and 0.029 mg NO3--N/L/h, respectively. At the simultaneous presence of 2.5 mg/L NH4+-N and NO3--N, the maximum nitrate removal rate increased to 0.054 mg NO3--N/L/h (1.86 folds), while a slight decrease was observed in NH4+-N removal. Two double-substrate models, Contois-Contois (1) for NH4+-N and TOC, Monod-Contois (2) for NO3--N and TOC matched well with the experimental data. The kinetic parameters were determined as μmax1 = 0.095 h-1, BA1 = 0.012 mg/L, BT1 = 0.784 g TOC/g biomass (R12 = 0.9997), and μmax2 = 0.032 h-1, KN2 = 0.375 mg/L, BT2 = 1.108 g TOC/g biomass (R22 = 0.9731) by multiple regression equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejia Zheng
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Duoying Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Weiguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Wen Qin
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaofei Huang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Longyi Lv
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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15
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Cheng Y, Li Y, Huang T, Sun Y, Shi X, Shao Y. A comparison study of the start-up of a MnO x filter for catalytic oxidative removal of ammonium from groundwater and surface water. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 65:327-334. [PMID: 29548404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As an efficient method for ammonium (NH4+) removal, contact catalytic oxidation technology has drawn much attention recently, due to its good low temperature resistance and short start-up period. Two identical filters were employed to compare the process for ammonium removal during the start-up period for ammonium removal in groundwater (Filter-N) and surface water (Filter-S) treatment. Two types of source water (groundwater and surface water) were used as the feed waters for the filtration trials. Although the same initiating method was used, Filter-N exhibited much better ammonium removal performance than Filter-S. The differences in catalytic activity among these two filters were probed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and compositional analysis. XRD results indicated that different manganese oxide species were formed in Filter-N and Filter-S. Furthermore, the Mn3p XPS spectra taken on the surface of the filter films revealed that the average manganese valence of the inactive manganese oxide film collected from Filter-S (FS-MnOx) was higher than in the film collected from Filter-N (FN-MnOx). Mn(IV) was identified as the predominant oxidation state in FS-MnOx and Mn(III) was identified as the predominant oxidation state in FN-MnOx. The results of compositional analyses suggested that polyaluminum ferric chloride (PAFC) used during the surface water treatment was an important factor in the mineralogy and reactivity of MnOx. This study provides the theoretical basis for promoting the wide application of the technology and has great practical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Yuankui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xinxin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yuezong Shao
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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Effect of trace elements and optimization of their composition for the nitrification of a heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium, Acinetobacter harbinensis HITLi7T, at low temperature. ANN MICROBIOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-017-1298-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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17
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Qin W, Li WG, Gong XJ, Huang XF, Fan WB, Zhang D, Yao P, Wang XJ, Song Y. Seasonal-related effects on ammonium removal in activated carbon filter biologically enhanced by heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria for drinking water treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:19569-19582. [PMID: 28681296 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To determine the potential effects of seasonal changes on water temperature and water quality upon removal of ammonium and organic carbon pollutants and to characterize the variations in microbial characteristics, a pilot-scale activated carbon filter biologically enhanced with heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria was investigated for 528 days. The results show that 69.2 ± 28.6% of ammonium and 23.1 ± 11.6% of the dissolved organic carbon were removed by the biologically enhanced activated carbon (BEAC) reactor. It is shown that higher biodegradable dissolved organic carbon enhances ammonium removal, even at low temperatures. The C/N ratio consumed by the BEAC reactor reached a steady value (i.e., 3.3) after 2 months of operation. Despite seasonal fluctuations and competition of the indigenous community, the heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria (Acinetobacter sp. HRBLi 16 and Acinetobacter harbinensis strain HITLi 7) remained relatively stable. The amount of carbon source was the most significant environmental parameter and dramatically affected the microbial community compositions in the BEAC reactor. The present study provides new insights into the application of a BEAC reactor for ammonium removal from drinking water, resisting strong seasonal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Guang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xu-Jin Gong
- School of Energy and Civil Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150028, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Fei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Biao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Duoying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Yao
- China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430063, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ju Wang
- Beijing Institute of Water, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, People's Republic of China
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18
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Zhang R, Huang T, Wen G, Chen Y, Cao X, Zhang B. Using Iron-Manganese Co-Oxide Filter Film to Remove Ammonium from Surface Water. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14070807. [PMID: 28753939 PMCID: PMC5551245 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14070807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An iron-manganese co-oxide filter film (MeOx) has been proven to be a good catalyst for the chemical catalytic oxidation of ammonium in groundwater. Compared with groundwater, surface water is generally used more widely and has characteristics that make ammonium removal more difficult. In this study, MeOx was used to remove ammonium from surface water. It indicated that the average ammonium removal efficiency of MeOx was greater than 90%, even though the water quality changed dramatically and the water temperature was reduced to about 6–8 °C. Then, through inactivating microorganisms, it showed that the removal capability of MeOx included both biological (accounted for about 41.05%) and chemical catalytic oxidation and chemical catalytic oxidation (accounted for about 58.95%). The investigation of the characterizations suggested that MeOx was formed by abiotic ways and the main elements on the surface of MeOx were distributed homogenously. The analysis of the catalytic oxidation process indicated that ammonia nitrogen may interact with MeOx as both ammonia molecules and ammonium ions and the active species of O2 were possibly •O and O2−.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Gang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Yongpan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Xin Cao
- Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
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19
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Activated Carbon, Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene: Materials and Composites for Advanced Water Purification. C — JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/c3020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Wang Z, Fei X, He S, Huang J, Zhou W. Application of light-weight filtration media in an anoxic biofilter for nitrate removal from micro-polluted surface water. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 74:1016-1024. [PMID: 27533875 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The research investigated nitrate removal from micro-polluted surface water by the single-stage process of anoxic biofilter using light-weight polystyrene beads as filtration media. In this study, sodium acetate was used as an external carbon source and the nitrate removal efficiency under different regimes of hydraulic loading rate (HLR), water temperature, and C/N ratio was studied. In addition, the effect of backwash on denitrification efficiency was investigated. The results show that the biofilter achieved a high nitrate removal efficiency in 2 weeks at water temperatures ranging between 22 and 25 °C at a C/N ratio (COD:NO3(-)-N) of 6:1. Besides, the average removal efficiency of nitrate at HLRs of 5.66, 7.07 and 8.49 m(3) m(-2) h(-1) were 87.5, 87.3 and 87.1%, respectively. The average removal efficiency of nitrate nitrogen was 13.9% at a HLR of 5.66 m(3) m(-2) h(-1) at water temperatures of 12-14 °C, then it increased to 93.7% when the C/N ratio increased to 10. It suggests that the optimal hydraulic retention time is at water temperatures of 8-10 °C. The water consumption rate of backwash was about 0.2-0.3%, and denitrification efficiency returned to the normal level in 12 h after backwash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China E-mail: ;
| | - Xiang Fei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China E-mail: ;
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China E-mail: ;
| | - Jungchen Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China E-mail: ;
| | - Weili Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China E-mail: ;
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