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Du S, Wang X, Zhou Z, Zhang T, Kamran M, Ding C. Controlling Factors and Predictive Models of Total Mercury and Methylmercury Accumulation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) from Mercury-Contaminated Paddy Soils. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 111:5. [PMID: 37349509 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03766-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
It is urgent to detect the major controlling factors and establish predictive models of mercury (Hg) accumulation in rice. A pot trial was conducted, exogenous Hg was added to 19 paddy soils at 4 concentration levels in this study. The major controlling factors of total Hg (THg) in brown rice were soil THg, pH and organic matter (OM) content, while those of methylmercury (MeHg) in brown rice were soil MeHg and OM. THg and MeHg in brown rice could be well predicted by soil THg, pH and clay content. The data from previous studies were collected to validate the predictive models of Hg in brown rice. The predicted values of Hg in brown rice were within the twofold prediction intervals of the observations, which demonstrated the predictive models in this study were reliable. The results could provide theoretical foundation for the risk assessment of Hg in paddy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Hunan Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xingxiang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan, 335211, China
| | - Zhigao Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Taolin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Changfeng Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Lv W, Zhan T, Abdelhafiz MA, Feng X, Meng B. Selenium-amended biochar mitigates inorganic mercury and methylmercury accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118259. [PMID: 34600068 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rice, as a dominant crop in China and Asia, can be a major route of methylmercury (MeHg) exposure for humans in inland China, especially in those living in mercury (Hg) polluted areas. Soil is the most prominent MeHg accumulation source for rice grains. The development of management practices to reduce MeHg in rice grains is crucial. This study explored the mitigation effect of biochar (BC) and sodium selenite-amended biochar (BC + Se) on MeHg production in paddy soil and accumulation in rice. Mercury-contaminated soil was treated with 1% and 5% of both BC and BC + Se. Soil MeHg concentration slightly increased under 1% BC/BC + Se compared to control soil but decreased at the rate of 5%. Moreover, soil phytoavailable MeHg (P-MeHg) diminished as the amount of Se-amended BC increased. BC + Se effectively mitigated MeHg accumulation in rice grains. The highest average contents of MeHg and inorganic Hg (IHg) in rice seeds were found in the control samples, followed by the 1%-BC, 5%-BC, 1%-BC + Se, and 5%-BC + Se samples. Under the 5%-BC + Se treatment, rice MeHg levels were reduced significantly (94%) compared to the control, and P-MeHg concentrations in soil were lower than all the other experimental groups throughout the rice-growing season. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of BC + Se in reducing MeHg and IHg accumulation in rice and could be employed for remediation of Hg polluted paddies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Lv
- School of Geography and Resources, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550018, China
| | - Tianli Zhan
- Institute of Mountain Resources of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Mahmoud A Abdelhafiz
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Xinbin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Bo Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
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Rizwan M, Ali S, Rehman MZU, Rinklebe J, Tsang DCW, Tack FMG, Abbasi GH, Hussain A, Igalavithana AD, Lee BC, Ok YS. Effects of selenium on the uptake of toxic trace elements by crop plants: A review. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2020.1796566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Zia ur Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Wuppertal, Germany
- Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, University of Sejong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daniel C. W. Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Filip M. G. Tack
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ghulam Hasan Abbasi
- Department of Soil Science, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Byung Cheon Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hyun HR, Yoon H, Lyou ES, Kim JJ, Kwon SY, Lee TK. Short-Term Legacy Effects of Mercury Contamination on Plant Growth and nifH-Harboring Microbial Community in Rice Paddy Soil. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 82:932-941. [PMID: 33624137 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg), which is formed in rice paddy soil, exhibits strong neurotoxicity through bioaccumulation in the food chain. A few groups of microorganisms drive both mercury methylation and nitrogen fixation in the rhizosphere. Little is known about how the shifted soil microbial community by Hg contamination affects nitrogen fixation rate and plant growth in paddy soil. Here, we examined how stimulated short-term Hg amendment affects the nitrogen fixing microbial community and influences plant-microbe interactions. Soil was treated with low (0.2 mg/kg) and high (1.1 mg/kg) concentrations of Hg for 4 weeks; then, rice (Oryza sativa) was planted and grown for 12 weeks. The nitrogen-fixation rate and rice growth were measured. The diversity and structure of the microbial community were analyzed by sequencing the nifH gene before and after rice cultivation. Hg treatments significantly decreased the nitrogen fixation rate and dry weight of the rice plants. The structure of the nifH-harboring community was remarkably changed after rice cultivation depending on Hg treatments. Iron- or sulfate-reducing bacteria, including Desulfobacca, Desulfoporosimus, and Geobacter, were observed as legacy response groups; their abundances increased in the soil after Hg treatment. The high abundance of those groups were maintained in control, but the abundance drastically decreased after rice cultivation in the soil treated with Hg, indicating that symbiotic behavior of rice plants changes according to the legacy effects on Hg contamination. These results suggested that Hg contamination can persist in soil microbial communities, affecting their nitrogen-fixation ability and symbiosis with rice plants in paddy soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Rim Hyun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakwon Yoon
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun Lyou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ju Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chun-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Yun Kwon
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kwon Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
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Lei P, Tang C, Wang Y, Wu M, Kwong RWM, Jiang T, Zhong H. Understanding the effects of sulfur input on mercury methylation in rice paddy soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146325. [PMID: 33725612 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur could be introduced into paddy soils via dry or wet deposition, irrigation, and fertilization, which subsequently impacts the production of methylmercury (MeHg), a bioaccumulative neurotoxicant. However, effects of sulfur input on MeHg production are variable, possibly due to the multiple effects of sulfur on Hg mobility and/or microbial Hg methylators, leading to uncertainties in predicting MeHg risk. To address that, we explored the effects of different types and amounts of sulfur as well as concentrations of ambient sulfate on Hg methylation in paddy soils, and elucidated the mechanisms by quantifying changes in (1) Hg mobility and (2) microbial Hg methylators (e.g., sulfate-reducing bacteria, SRB). Our results indicated that MeHg levels increased by 40-86% and 30-96% in soils under various types (i.e., 200 mg kg-1 elemental sulfur, ammonium sulfate, sulfur-coated urea and potassium sulfate (K2SO4)) and different amounts (i.e., 100, 200 and 400 mg kg-1 K2SO4) of sulfur input. The enhanced MeHg production could be explained by increased Hg mobility but not changes in microbial Hg methylators. Besides, sulfate input increased MeHg levels (89-240%) in soils with low ambient sulfate levels (<100 mg kg-1) but had no effect on high-sulfate soils (>380 mg kg-1). These could be explained by the diverse responses of Hg mobility and microbial Hg methylators to sulfate input at different ambient sulfate levels. Our study opens the "black box" of Hg methylation under sulfur input, which would help reduce uncertainties in predicting MeHg risk in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - MengJie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | | | - Tao Jiang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå SE-90183, Sweden
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Environmental and Life Science Program (EnLS), Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
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Mercury Biodecontamination from Milk by using L. acidophilus ATCC 4356. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.4.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Food and water contaminations with heavy metals have been increasing due to the environmental pollution. Decontamination of mercury as one of the most toxic heavy metals seems necessary. The aim of this study is to use L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 to reduce the mercury amount in milk. All possible process variables (including contact time, bacterial count, mercury concentration, temperature, contact time and shaking rate) were screening by Plackett Burman design for determination of main effects. Then main effects (contact time, as well as Hg and biomass concentration) were studied in 5 levels with response surface methodology to reach maximal bioremoval efficiency. The highest decontamination efficiency (72%) was achieved in the presence of 80 μg/L of initial Hg concentration, 1 × 1012 CFU of L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 in the 4th day. Finally, the capacity of this bacterium for Mercury bioremoval was determined at different Hg initial concentrations by using the isotherm models of Langmuir and Freundlich. The results showed the higher correlation coefficient in Langmuir model so, Mercury absorptions obey Langmuir isotherm model. This study indicated that in the case of milk contamination to Hg, as reported in some countries, one of the solutions for metal decontamination could be the bioremoval by lactobacillus as natural valuable biosorbents as an environmental friendly technology.
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Zhao L, Meng B, Feng X. Mercury methylation in rice paddy and accumulation in rice plant: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110462. [PMID: 32179234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The bioavailability and toxicity of mercury (Hg) are dependent on its chemical speciation, in which methylmercury (MeHg) is the most toxic compound. Inorganic Hg can be transformed into MeHg in anaerobic conditions. Subsequent accumulation and biomagnification in the food chain pose a potential threat to human health. Previous studies have confirmed that paddy soil is an important site for MeHg production, and rice fields are an important source of MeHg in terrestrial ecosystems. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is recently confirmed as a potential bioaccumulator plant of MeHg. Understanding the behaviour of Hg in rice paddies is important, particularly the mechanisms involved in Hg sources, uptake, toxicity, detoxification, and accumulation in crops. This review highlights the issue of MeHg-contaminated rice, and presents the current understanding of the Hg cycling in the rice paddy ecosystem, including the mechanism and processes of Hg species accumulation in rice plants and Hg methylation/demethylation processes in rice paddies and the primary controlling factors. The review also identified various research gaps in previous studies and proposes future research objectives to reduce the impact of Hg-contamination in rice crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- School of Management Science, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, 550025, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, PR China
| | - Bo Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, PR China.
| | - Xinbin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, PR China.
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Du S, Wang X, Zhang T, Ding C. Kinetic characteristics and predictive models of methylmercury production in paddy soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 253:424-428. [PMID: 31325887 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mercury (Hg) methylation process is important for the management of paddy soils contaminated by Hg. In this work, samples of eighteen paddy soils with varying soil properties were spiked with inorganic Hg and subjected to a 90 d flooding period. Soil pH and redox potential (Eh) were measured in situ at intervals, and soils were sampled for the analysis of methylmercury (MeHg). The Hg methylation efficiency increased with flooding time and reached a relatively steady state at 30 d of incubation, ranging from 0.08% to 2.52%, and was significantly correlated with the in situ soil pH and Eh. The Elovich equation could adequately describe the kinetic production of MeHg. MeHg production was well predicted by the in situ soil pH and Eh of flooded soils, in addition to the organic matter content of air-dried soil samples and flooding time. The two predictive models explained 78% and 68% of the variability of the Hg methylation efficiency. The results suggested that the methylation of inorganic Hg in paddy soils after flooding can be predicted as a function of routinely measured soil properties and flooding time, a correlation that can be utilized to improve understanding of the extent of Hg methylation and the management of Hg-contaminated paddy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingxiang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Ecological Experimental Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan 335211, China
| | - Taolin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Changfeng Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Xu X, Yan M, Liang L, Lu Q, Han J, Liu L, Feng X, Guo J, Wang Y, Qiu G. Impacts of selenium supplementation on soil mercury speciation, and inorganic mercury and methylmercury uptake in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 249:647-654. [PMID: 30933762 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Rice grain is known to accumulate methylmercury (MeHg) and has been confirmed to be the major pathway of MeHg exposure to residents in mercury (Hg) mining areas in China. Selenium (Se) supplementation has been proven to be effective in mitigating the toxicity of Hg. To understand how Se supplementation influences soil Hg speciation, a wide range of Se (0-500 mg/kg) was applied to Hg polluted paddy soils in this study, which decreased MeHg concentration in soil from 2.95 ± 0.36 to 0.69 ± 0.16 μg/kg (or 77%). After Se addition, humic acid state Hg (F4) was transformed into strong-complexed state Hg (F5), indicating that Hg bound up to the non-sulfur functional groups of humic acid (non-RSH) was released and reabsorbed by strong binding Se functional group (F5). As a result, inorganic Hg (IHg) was reduced by >48%, 18%, and 80% in root, stem, and grain, respectively, however, the reduction was not apparent in leaf. Substantial reductions were also found for MeHg in grain and root, but not in stem and leaf. Soil is suggested to be the main source of both MeHg and IHg in rice grain. Such a finding may provide an idea for improving Hg-polluted paddies through controlling soil IHg and MeHg. Further research on the molecular structure of the strong-complexed Hg in F5 should be conducted to elucidate the mechanism of Hg-Se antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Min Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | | | - Qinhui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | | | - Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xinbin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Jianyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- College of Food Safety, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Guangle Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
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Xing Y, Wang J, Xia J, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Du Y, Wei W. A pilot study on using biochars as sustainable amendments to inhibit rice uptake of Hg from a historically polluted soil in a Karst region of China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 170:18-24. [PMID: 30508751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We studied the addition of two biochars (rice shell biochar (RSB) and wheat straw biochar (WSB)) to soil at doses of 24-72 t/ha on the dynamics of pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), sulfate, Fe(III), and Fe(II), as well as on mercury (Hg) mobility in the pore water of a polluted paddy soil, throughout the rice-growing season. The effect of biochar addition to soil on rice biomass and Hg accumulation was also investigated. The key results showed that the addition of RSB or WSB to soil improved significantly the biomass of aboveground tissues of rice plants, particularly at higher dose treatments, compared with the control. The RSB treatment noticeably decreased Hg concentration in the pore water compared to the control, throughout the rice-growing season, and this decrease was likely due to the decreased Hg mobility by the RSB by promoting the level of sulfate in the pore water, which might be reduced to sulfide to combine with Hg to form Hg sulfides. The extent of Hg concentration reduction in the pore water was less pronounced in the WSB treatments relative to the RSB treatments. Addition of RSB to soil at doses of 24-72 t/ha decreased significantly Hg contents in the stalk, bran, hull and polish rice of rice plants compared to the non-treated rice (control), particularly Hg content in the polished rice was below the Chinese safety level (< 20 ng g-1, GB2762-2012). The WSB treatments showed limited effects on rice tissues Hg. Biochar (RSB) may offer a promising method for managing the risk of Hg in paddy field by inhibiting rice Hg uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xing
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550002, PR China
| | - Jianxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China.
| | - Jicheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Zhenmei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550002, PR China
| | - Yonghang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550002, PR China
| | - Ying Du
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550002, PR China
| | - Wanli Wei
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550002, PR China
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Bachand PAM, Kraus TEC, Stumpner EB, Bachand SM, Stern D, Liang YL, Horwath WR. Mercury sequestration and transformation in chemically enhanced treatment wetlands. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 217:496-506. [PMID: 30439661 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) pollution is a concern to human and wildlife health worldwide, and management strategies that reduce Hg inputs to aquatic systems are of broad interest. Using a replicated field-scale study in California's Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, we tested the effectiveness of chemically enhanced treatment wetlands (CETWs) under two coagulation treatments, polyaluminum chloride (Al treatment) and ferric sulfate (Fe treatment), in their initial removal and longer-term sequestration of Hg compared to untreated control wetlands. The primary mechanism for Hg removal by CETWs was the transfer of Hg from filtered forms to insoluble particulate forms and enhanced settling of particles. CETWs resulted in total Hg annual load removals of 63 ng m-2 yr-1 (71%) and 54 ng m-2 yr-1 (54%) for the Al and Fe treatments, respectively. Control wetlands removed significantly less at 13 ng m-2 yr-1 (14%). Load removals indicate that Fe treatment wetlands more effectively reduced filtered and total methylmercury (MeHg) exports, while Al treatment wetlands more effectively reduced particulate MeHg and total Hg exports. These differences in Hg species load reductions possibly indicate different mechanisms of Hg sequestration; current data suggest more effective floc formation and particle settling was likely responsible for the Al treatment behavior, while either preferential MeHg sequestration or methylation suppression was potentially responsible for Fe treatment behavior. Differences in Hg sequestration behavior post-coagulation between the flocs formed by different coagulants indicate the importance of in-situ studies and the need for careful selection of coagulant treatment depending on the Hg species requiring remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamara E C Kraus
- U.S. Geological Survey California Water Science Center, 6000 J Street Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA, 95819, USA.
| | - Elizabeth B Stumpner
- U.S. Geological Survey California Water Science Center, 6000 J Street Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA, 95819, USA.
| | | | - Dylan Stern
- Bachand & Associates, 231 G St., Ste. 28, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Delta Stewardship Council, 980 Ninth Street Ste 1500, Sacramento, CA 95814, USA.
| | - Yan Ling Liang
- Bachand & Associates, 231 G St., Ste. 28, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, 1 Shields Avenue, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - William R Horwath
- Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, 1 Shields Avenue, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Ferrah N. Comparative study of mercury(II) species removal onto naked and modified magnetic chitosan flakes coated ethylenediaminetetraacetic-disodium: kinetic and thermodynamic modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:24923-24938. [PMID: 29931644 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2553-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This comparative study investigates pre-concentration/separation procedure for the magnetic solid phase extraction of Hg(II) species by a new green materials: naked magnetic chitosan flakes coated Fe3O4 micro-particles (NMCFs) and magnetic chitosan flakes coated Fe3O4 micro-particles embedded ethylenediaminetetraacetic-disodium (MCFs-EDTA-Na2) in a batch process. The sorption procedure was optimized by using model solutions containing mercury(II) ions in chloride medium. The influence of experimental parameters like pH, time reaction, initial Hg(II) concentration, and ionic strength was investigated. The SEM micrograph indicates a good dispersion of magnetite micro-particles onto chitosan flakes. The FTIR spectrum reveals that EDTA-Na2 moieties have been successfully cross-linked onto magnetic chitosan flakes. Vibration magneto-metric measurements confirm the paramagnetic (without remanence) behavior of NMCFs and MCFs-EDTA-Na2. The experimental sorption data show that Hg(II) ions extraction yield decreases in acidic medium in both NMCFs and MCFs-EDTA-Na2. The found optimum pH values are near 4.5 using NMCFs and 4.7 when the Hg(II) ion sorption occurs onto MCFs-EDTA-Na2 micro-particles. The results also showed that Hg(II) ion sorption kinetic was very fast at the initial stage of contact time. The maximal sorption capacity was found to be 454 ± 13 mg g-1, under optimum conditions, using NMCFs and 495 ± 14 mg g-1 when MCFs-EDTA-Na2 was used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nacer Ferrah
- University Center of Naâma, BP 66, 45000, Naâma, Algeria.
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Tlemcen University, Box 119, Tlemcen, Algeria.
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Yin D, He T, Yin R, Zeng L. Effects of soil properties on production and bioaccumulation of methylmercury in rice paddies at a mercury mining area, China. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 68:194-205. [PMID: 29908739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rice paddy soil is recognized as the hotspot of mercury (Hg) methylation, which is mainly a biotic process mediated by many abiotic factors. In this study, effects of key soil properties on the production and bioaccumulation of Hg and methylmercury (MeHg) in Hg-contaminated rice paddies were investigated. Rice and soil samples were collected from the active Hg smelting site and abandoned Hg mining sites (a total of 124 paddy fields) in the Wanshan Mercury Mine, China. Total Hg (THg) and MeHg in soils and rice grains, together with sulfur (S), selenium (Se), organic matter (OM), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), mineral compositions (e.g., SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3) and pH in soils were quantified. The results showed that long-term Hg mining activities had resulted in THg and MeHg contaminations in soil-rice system. The newly-deposited atmospheric Hg was more readily methylated relative to the native Hg already in soils, which could be responsible for the elevated MeHg levels in soils and rice grains around the active artificial Hg smelting site. The MeHg concentrations in soils and rice grains showed a significantly negative relationship with soil N/Hg, S/Hg and OM/Hg ratio possibly due to the formation of low-bioavailability Hg-S(N)-OM complexes in rhizosphere. The Hg-Se antagonism undoubtedly occurred in soil-rice system, while its role in bioaccumulation of MeHg in the MeHg-contaminated rice paddies was minor. However, other soil properties showed less influence on the production and bioaccumulation of MeHg in rice paddies located at the Wanshan Mercury Mine zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Yin
- The Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, China; College of Resources and Environments, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tianrong He
- The Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, China.
| | - Runsheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Lingxia Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Karst Environment and Geohazard Prevention, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, China
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Zhang Y, Liu YR, Lei P, Wang YJ, Zhong H. Biochar and nitrate reduce risk of methylmercury in soils under straw amendment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 619-620:384-390. [PMID: 29156259 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that incorporating crop straw into soils, which is being widely encouraged in many parts of the world, could increase net methylmercury (MeHg) production in soils and MeHg accumulation in crops. We explored the possibility of mitigating the risk of increased MeHg levels under straw amendment by transforming straw into biochar (BC). Greenhouse and batch experiments were conducted, in which soil MeHg concentrations, MeHg phytoavailability and accumulation in rice, dynamics of sulfate, nitrate and abundances of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) were compared in 'Control' (Hg contaminated soil), 'Straw' (soil with 1% rice straw), 'Straw+BC' (soil with 1% straw and 1% biochar), and 'Straw+BC+N' (soil with 1% straw, 1% biochar and 0.12% nitrate). Our results indicate that straw amendment increased MeHg concentrations in soils (28-136% higher) and rice plants (26% higher in grains, 'Straw' versus 'Control'), while co-application of biochar with straw reduced grain MeHg levels (60% lower, 'Straw+BC' versus 'Straw'). This could be mainly attributed to the reduced MeHg availability to rice plants (phytoavailability, extraction rates of MeHg by ammonium thiosulfate) under biochar amendment (64-99% lower, 'Straw+BC' versus 'Straw'). However, biochar amendment enhanced soil MeHg levels (5-75% higher, 'Straw+BC' versus 'Control'). Interestingly, nitrate addition helped reduce soil MeHg concentrations (11-41% lower, 'Straw+BC+N' versus 'Straw+BC') by facilitating nitrate reduction while inhibiting SRB activities. Subsequently, addition of nitrate with biochar, compared with biochar alone, further reduced grain MeHg levels by 34%. Therefore, straw biochar together with nitrate could possibly be effective in mitigating the risk of MeHg under straw amendment. Furthermore, the results evidence the impacts of straw management on the risk posed by MeHg in soils and emphasize the necessity to carefully consider the straw management policy in Hg-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu-Rong Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Pei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yong-Jie Wang
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Environmental and Life Science Program (EnLS), Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
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Huang X, Li N, Wu Q, Long J, Luo D, Zhang P, Yao Y, Huang X, Li D, Lu Y, Liang J. Risk assessment and vertical distribution of thallium in paddy soils and uptake in rice plants irrigated with acid mine drainage. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:24912-24921. [PMID: 27662859 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7679-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to assess the influence of irritating paddy fields with acid mine drainage containing thallium (Tl) to rice plant-soil system and potential health risks for local residents. Vertical distribution of Tl, pH, organic matter (OM), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) in 24 paddy soil profiles around Yunfu pyrite mine area was investigated. Rice plant samples were collected from the corresponding soil sampling site. The results showed that Tl concentrations in paddy soils at 0-60 cm depth range from 3.07 to 9.42 mg kg-1, with a mean of 5.74 mg kg-1, which were significantly higher than the background value of soil in China (0.58 mg kg-1). On the whole, Tl contents in paddy soil profiles increased quickly with soil depth from 0 to 30 cm and decreased slowly with soil depth from 30 to 60 cm. The soil Tl content was significant negatively correlated with soil pH. The mean content of Tl in the root, stem, leaf, and rice was 4.36, 1.83, 2.74, and 1.42 mg kg-1, respectively, which exceeded the proposed permissible limits for foods and feedstuffs in Germany. The Tl content in various tissues of the rice plants followed the order root > leaf > stem (rice), which suggested that most Tl taken up by rice plants retained in the root, and a little migrated to the leaf, stem, and rice. Correlation analysis showed that Tl content in root was significant positively correlated with Tl content in leaf and rice. The ranges of hazard quotient (HQ) values were 4.08∼24.50 and 3.84∼22.38 for males and females, respectively. Males have higher health risk than females in the same age group. In childhood age groups (2 to <21 years) and adult age groups (21 to <70 years), the highest health risk level was observed in the 11 to 16 age group and 21 to 50 age group, respectively. The findings indicated that regular irrigation with Tl-bearing acid mine drainage led to considerable contamination of Tl in paddy soil and rice plant. Local government should take various measures to treat Tl contamination, especially the tailings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexia Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Waihuan Xi Road 230, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Safety and Protection in Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ning Li
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Environmental Monitoring Station, Nanning, China
| | - Qihang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Safety and Protection in Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyou Long
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Waihuan Xi Road 230, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Safety and Protection in Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dinggui Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Waihuan Xi Road 230, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality Safety and Protection in Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowu Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Waihuan Xi Road 230, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Waihuan Xi Road 230, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yayin Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Waihuan Xi Road 230, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jianfeng Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Waihuan Xi Road 230, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Shu R, Wang Y, Zhong H. Biochar amendment reduced methylmercury accumulation in rice plants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 313:1-8. [PMID: 27045620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There is growing concern about methylmercury (MeHg) accumulation in rice grains and thus enhanced dietary exposure to MeHg in Asian countries. Here, we explored the possibility of reducing grain MeHg levels by biochar amendment, and the underlying mechanisms. Pot (i.e., rice cultivation in biochar amended soils) and batch experiments (i.e., incubation of amended soils under laboratory conditions) were carried out, to investigate MeHg dynamics (i.e., MeHg production, partitioning and phytoavailability in paddy soils, and MeHg uptake by rice) under biochar amendment (1-4% of soil mass). We demonstrate for the first time that biochar amendment could evidently reduce grain MeHg levels (49-92%). The declines could be attributed to the combined effects of: (1) increased soil MeHg concentrations, probably explained by the release of sulfate from biochar and thus enhanced microbial production of MeHg (e.g., by sulfate-reducing bacteria), (2) MeHg immobilization in soils, facilitated by the large surface areas and high organosulfur content of biochar, and (3) biodilution of MeHg in rice grains, due to the increased grain biomass under biochar amendment (35-79%). These observations together with mechanistic explanations improve understanding of MeHg dynamics in soil-rice systems, and support the possibility of reducing MeHg phytoaccumulation under biochar amendment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shu
- School of Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhong
- School of Environment, Nanjing University, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China; Environmental and Life Sciences Program (EnLS), Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
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