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Ren Y, Jia Z, Liu Y, Liang C, Zhang X, Xu D, Ye N. Elevated pCO 2 alleviates the toxic effects of polystyrene nanoparticles on the marine microalga Nannochloropsis oceanica. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:164985. [PMID: 37364831 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Concerns about the environmental effects of nanoplastics on marine ecosystems are increasing. Ocean acidification (OA) has also become a global environmental problem. Plastic pollution occurs concomitantly with anthropogenic climate stressors such as OA. However, the combined effects of NP and OA on marine phytoplankton are still not well understood. Therefore, we have investigated the behavior of ammonia (NH2) polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NP) in f/2 medium under 1000 μatm pCO2 and discussed the toxicity of PS NP (100 nm; 0.5 and 1.5 mg/L) on Nannochloropsis oceanica under long and short-term acidification (LA and SA; pCO2 ~ 1000 μatm). We observed PS NP suspended in pCO2 1000 μatm f/2 medium aggregated to a size greater than nanoscale (1339.00 ± 76.10 nm). In addition, we found that PS NP significantly inhibited the growth of N. oceanica at two concentrations, which also produced oxidative stress. Whereas, the growth of algal cells under the coupling of acidification and PS NP was significantly better than that of single PS NP exposure. This indicated that acidification significantly alleviated the toxic effects of PS NP on N. oceanica, and long-term acidification can even promote the growth of N. oceanica under low-density NP. To further understand the mechanism, we analyzed a comparative transcriptome. The results showed that PS NP exposure inhibited the expression of genes involved in the TCA cycle. The acidification was possibly reflected in ribosomes and corresponding processes, which alleviated the negative effects of PS NP on N. oceanica by promoting the synthesis of related enzymes and proteins. This study provided a theoretical basis for assessing the damage of NP to marine phytoplankton under OA. We propose that future studies evaluating the toxicology of NP to marine ecology should consider the changing ocean climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Ren
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhihua Jia
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengwei Liang
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Naihao Ye
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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Zheng X, Zhang L, Jiang C, Li J, Li Y, Liu X, Li C, Wang Z, Zheng N, Fan Z. Acute effects of three surface-modified nanoplastics against Microcystis aeruginosa: Growth, microcystin production, and mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158906. [PMID: 36150599 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As plastic pollution continues to increase and plastic waste is shredded to form smaller plastic particles, there is growing concern about the potential impact of nanoplastics (NPs) on freshwater ecosystems. In this work, the effects of three surface-modified NPs, including polystyrene (PS), PS-NH2, and PS-COOH, on the growth, photosynthetic activity, oxidative damage, and microcystins (MCs) production/release of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) were investigated. Results indicated that all three NPs significantly inhibited the growth of M. aeruginosa after a 96 h exposure, and the growth inhibition followed the order of PS-NH2 > PS > PS-COOH (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, all three NPs at the concentration of 100 mg/L significantly increased the content of intra-MCs (115 %, 147 %, and 121 % higher than the control, respectively) and extra-MCs (142 %, 175 %, and 151 % higher than the control, respectively) after a 96 h exposure (p < 0.05). Moreover, our findings also suggested that the potential mechanisms of surface-modified PS NPs on M. aeruginosa growth and MCs production/release were associated with physical constraints, photosynthetic activity obstruct, and oxidative damage. Our findings provided direct evidence for different kinds of surface modifications of PS NPs on freshwater algae and improve the understanding of the potential risk of NPs in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liangliang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jue Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanyao Li
- Laboratory of Industrial Water and Ecotechnology, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Xianglin Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chengwei Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zeming Wang
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan 250102, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan 250102, China
| | - Zhengqiu Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Senousy HH, Khairy HM, El-Sayed HS, Sallam ER, El-Sheikh MA, Elshobary ME. Interactive adverse effects of low-density polyethylene microplastics on marine microalga Chaetoceros calcitrans. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137182. [PMID: 36356803 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is broadly utilized worldwide, increasing more dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the majority ends up in the aquatic environment as microplastics. The influence of polyethylene microplastics (LDPE-MPs) on aquatic ecosystems still needs further investigation, especially on microalgae as typical organisms represented in all aquatic systems and at the base of the trophic chain. Thereby, the biological and toxicity impacts of LDPE-MPs on Chaetoceros calcitrans were examined in this work. The results revealed that LDPE-MPs had a concentration-dependent adverse effect on the growth and performance of C. calcitrans. LDPE-MPs contributed the maximum inhibition rates of 85%, 51.3%, 21.49% and 16.13% on algal growth chlorophyll content, φPSII and Fv/Fm, respectively. The total protein content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities were significantly increased at 25 mg L-1 LDPE-MPs by 1.37, 3.52, 2.75 and 1.84 folds higher than those of the controls to sustain the adverse effects of LDPE-MPs. Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and monosaccharides contents of C. calcitrans were improved under low concentration of LDPE-MPs, which could facilitate the adsorption of MPs particles on the microalgae cell wall. This adsorption caused significant physical damage to the algal cell structure, as observed by SEM. These results suggest that the ecological footprint of MPs may require more attention, particularly due to the continuing breakdown of plastics in the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda H Senousy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Hanan M Khairy
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Egypt
| | - Heba S El-Sayed
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Egypt
| | - Eman R Sallam
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Sheikh
- Botany & Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa E Elshobary
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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4
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Shi Y, Shen A, Shao L, He P. Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on growth, photosynthesis, and photosynthesis-related gene expression in Microcystis flos-aquae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:87446-87455. [PMID: 35810242 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21663-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of plants on algae offers a new and promising alternative method for controlling harmful algal blooms. Previous studies showed that anti-algal effects might be obvious from extracts of fallen leaves from terrestrial plants, which had great potential for cyanobacterial control in field tests. To investigate the anti-algal activities and main algicidal mechanisms of Ginkgo biloba fallen leaves extracts (GBE) on Microcystis flos-aquae, the cell density, photosynthetic fluorescence, and gene expression under different concentrations of GBE treatments were tested. GBE (3.00 g L-1) showed a strong inhibitory effect against M. flos-aquae with an IC50 (96h) of 0.79 g L-1. All the inhibition rates of maximal quantum yield (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield (Fq'/Fm'), and maximal relative electron transfer rate (rETRmax) were more than 70% at 96 h at 3.00 g L-1 and more than 90% at 6.00 g L-1. Further results of gene expression of the core proteins of PSII (psbD), limiting enzyme in carbon assimilation (rbcL), and phycobilisome degradation protein (nblA) were downregulated after exposure. These findings emphasized that photosynthetic damage is one of the main toxic mechanisms of GBE on M. flos-aquae. When exposed to 12.00 g L-1 GBE, no significant influence on the death rate of zebrafish or photosynthetic activity of the three submerged plants was found. Therefore, appropriate use of GBE could control the expansion of M. flos-aquae colonies without potential risks to the ecological safety of aquatic environments, which means that GBE could actually be used to regulate cyanobacterial blooms in natural waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Shi
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
- Aquatic Ecology & Water Quality Management Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anglu Shen
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Shao
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China.
- Marine Scientific Research Institute, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China.
- Water Environment & Ecology Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peimin He
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
- Marine Scientific Research Institute, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
- Water Environment & Ecology Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai, 201306, People's Republic of China
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5
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Zhao G, Hong Y, Li L, Zhang H, Xu R, Hao Y. Selection and characterization of plant-derived alkaloids with strong antialgal inhibition: growth inhibition selectivity and inhibitory mechanism. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 117:102272. [PMID: 35944959 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, researches on microalgae inhibition with plant-derived active substances have attracted much attention. In this study, the inhibition of six plant-derived alkaloids (neferine, isoliensinine, linensinine, nuciferine, capsaicin, and hordenine) on bloom-forming cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa were investigated. The results showed that neferine and nuciferine had stronger inhibition on the growth of M. aeruginosa compared with the other four alkaloids, and the relative inhibition rate reached 91.27% and 88.70% at the concentration of 4.5 mg/L after 7 d of exposure, respectively. Different from neferine, nuciferine has no inhibition on Chlorella sp. and Tetradesmus obliquus. It also increased the diversity and species homogeneity of phytoplankton in the environmental water samples. Nuciferine decreased the contents of chlorophyll a and β-carotene in M. aeruginosa with the extension of treatment time, which was 59.40% and 31.90% of the control at the concentration of 1.04 mg/L after 48 h, respectively. After 48 h of nuciferine exposure, the values of fluorescence parameters including maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), actual quantum yield of PSII (Yield), non-photochemical quenching (qN and NPQ), and electron transport rates (ETR) of M. aeruginosa cells were significantly decreased and photosynthetic capacity was weakened. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbic acid (ASA), and glutathione (GSH) in the cells were significantly reduced, and the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malonaldehyde (MDA) contents continued to accumulate, causing severe oxidative damage. Therefore, the good biological safety and strong specific inhibition of nuciferine makes it have great application prospects in the inhibition of cyanobacteria blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangpu Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Hong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Lihua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongkai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuan Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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6
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Wu D, Zhang J, Du W, Yin Y, Guo H. Toxicity mechanism of cerium oxide nanoparticles on cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and their ecological risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:34010-34018. [PMID: 35031986 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18090-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The extensive application of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs), a type of rare earth nanomaterial, led to pollution into aquatic environments. Cyanobacteria, a significant component of freshwater ecosystems, can interact with CeO2 NPs. However, little attention has been paid as to whether CeO2 NPs will have adverse effects on cyanobacteria. In the present study, Microcystis aeruginosa (FACHB-942) was exposed to different concentrations (0, 1, 10, and 50 mg/L) of CeO2 NPs. Results showed 50 mg/L CeO2 NPs inhibited algal growth (11.48% ± 5.76%), suppressed photosynthesis and induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after 72 h exposure. The toxicity mechanism is the adsorption of CeO2 NPs on cell surface, the ROS formation and the intracellular Ce. Additionally, the intracellular microcystins (MCs) content was significantly induced (11.84% ± 1.47%) by 50 mg/L CeO2 NPs, while no significance was found in 1 and 10 mg/L CeO2 NP treatments. Results indicated high concentrations of CeO2 NPs could be toxic to algae through the adverse effects on algal growth and photosynthesis. Moreover, the promoted MCs production could also pose a threat to freshwater ecosystems due to the possible release into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenchao Du
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science, University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science, University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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7
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Wei S, Zhuang G, Cheng L, Wang S. The proliferation rule of Microcystis aeruginosa under different initial pH conditions and its influence on the pH value of the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:13835-13844. [PMID: 34599447 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16719-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the characteristics of the proliferation process of Microcystis aeruginosa and its changes to environmental pH values under different initial pH values and different initial inoculation densities. The results showed that although the initial pH value or the initial inoculation density was different, the pH values of the culture systems fluctuated up and down throughout the proliferation of M. aeruginosa, both on a daily and hourly time scale, and then tended to stabilize around the same value of 10.0 at the end of proliferation. The optimal pH value for the proliferation of M. aeruginosa was 9.55. This study creatively proposes that the period when the environmental pH value starts to rise rapidly toward 9.0 could be selected as an early warning period for a cyanobacterial outbreak, and the environmental pH value could be adjusted to below 8.0 to delay the outbreak. These results provide a scientific basis for further understanding the mechanism of cyanobacterial blooms and formulating pH-based control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Wei
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanjie Zhuang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Lirijian Cheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoubing Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Wang X, Huang K, Gao J, Szeto YT, Jiang C, Zhu J, Zhang J, Liu J. Effects on photosynthetic and antioxidant systems of harmful cyanobacteria by nanocrystalline Zn-MOF-FA. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 792:148247. [PMID: 34147792 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) constitute new class of materials recently used by researchers in the field of controlling cyanobacteria. However, the use of MOFs in combination with allelochemicals for cyanobacteria inhibition had not been investigated before. The present study is aimed towards the investigation of the effect and mechanism of cyanobacteria inhibition by combining MOF with allelochemical (ferulic acid, FA) for the first time. In this study, the results showed that the synergistic effect of Zn2+ and FA from Zn-MOF-FA could inhibit cyanobacteria to a greater extent than the corresponding dosage of Zn2+ and FA. The inhibition ratio of Microcystis aeruginosa has been found to be more than 50% when the Zn-MOF-FA concentration exceeds 2 mg·L-1 after four days exposure. Zn-MOF-FA at 1 mg·L-1 did not completely inhibit M. aeruginosa, and the inhibition effect has been of only temporary type. The inhibitory effect of Zn-MOF-FA on algae has mainly been attributed to the hindrance of electron transfer and energy capture in the photosynthetic system and the oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiong Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Kaiwen Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, PR China; School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jingsi Gao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Yim Tong Szeto
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Chengchun Jiang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jia Zhu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China; Shenzhen Water (Group) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518031, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jianqiang Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials of Guangdong Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China.
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Ni L, Wu H, Du C, Li X, Li Y, Xu C, Wang P, Li S, Zhang J, Chen X. Effects of allelochemical artemisinin in Artemisia annua on Microcystis aeruginosa: growth, death mode, and microcystin-LR changes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:45253-45265. [PMID: 33861424 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of an allelochemical artemisinin extracted from Artemisia annua (A. annua) on cell growth, death mode, and microcystin-LR (MC-LR) changes of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa), a series of morphological and biochemical characteristics were studied. The results showed that artemisinin could inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa and reduce the content of phycobiliprotein. Under the allelopathy of artemisinin, algae cells deformed due to swelling, which caused cell membranes to rupture and cell contents to leak. FDA/PI double-staining results showed that 15.10-94.90% of algae cells experienced the death mode of necrosis-like. Moreover, there were 8.35-14.50% of algae cells undergoing programmed cell death, but their caspase-3-like protease activity remained unchanged, which may mean that algae cells were not experiencing caspase-dependent apoptosis under artemisinin stress. Attacked by artemisinin directly, both intracellular and extracellular MC-LR increased sharply with the upregulation of mcyB, mcyD, and mcyH. The upregulation multiple of mcyH suggested that M. aeruginosa could accelerate transportation of algal toxin under adverse conditions of artemisinin. Artemisinin not only can inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa but it also causes the accelerated release and increase of microcystin-LR. These imply that the application of artemisinin should be reconsidered in practical water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hanqi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Cunhao Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Xianglan Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Chu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, MOE, School of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China.
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Water Conservancy Department, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xuqing Chen
- Cyanobacteria Management Office, Wuxi, 214071, China
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10
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Wu D, Wang T, Wang J, Jiang L, Yin Y, Guo H. Size-dependent toxic effects of polystyrene microplastic exposure on Microcystis aeruginosa growth and microcystin production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 761:143265. [PMID: 33257060 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to increasingly severe microplastic pollution in freshwaters, the interaction between these contaminants and cyanobacteria warrants study. In this study, we expose the freshwater cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa to different sizes (1 μm and 100 nm) of polystyrene (PS) microplastics of 5 mg/L. Results indicate 1 μm microplastics promote algal growth (12.42% ± 0.94%) at 96 h, and have greater potential to aggregate on algal cell surfaces and inhibit photosynthesis. But no significance was observed in 100 nm microplastics treatment on algal growth and photosynthetic activity after 96 h exposure. Especially, 1 μm microplastics increased the content of intracellular microcystins (MCs) (18.42% ±0.33%) after 72 h and inhibit MCs release (23.87% ±8.79%) at 72 h, while 100 nm PS microplastics promote MCs production only at 48 h (14.83% ± 7.07%). Results indicate that smaller size does not necessarily mean greater toxicity, 1 μm microplastics showing more adverse effects than 100 nm microplastics to M. aeruginosa, improving understanding of the toxicity of microplastics in freshwater ecosystems, and challenging the conventionally held belief that smaller microplastics are more toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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11
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Antimicrobial Effect and the Mechanism of Diallyl Trisulfide against Campylobacter jejuni. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10030246. [PMID: 33801353 PMCID: PMC7999961 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10030246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is an important foodborne pathogen causing campylobacteriosis. It can infect humans through the consumption of contaminated chicken products or via the direct handling of animals. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is a trisulfide compound from garlic extracts that has a potential antimicrobial effect on foodborne pathogens. This study investigated the antimicrobial activity of DATS on C. jejuni by evaluating the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of C. jejuni 81-168, and fourteen C. jejuni isolates from chicken carcasses. Thirteen of 14 C. jejuni isolates and 81-176 had MICs ≤ 32 μg/mL, while one isolate had MIC of 64 μg/mL. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed the disruption and shrink of C. jejuni bacterial cell membrane after the DATS treatment. A time-killing analysis further showed that DATS had a dose-dependent in vitro antimicrobial effect on C. jejuni during the 24 h treatment period. In addition, DATS also showed an antimicrobial effect in chicken through the decrease of C. jejuni colony count by 1.5 log CFU/g (cloacal sample) during the seven-day DATS treatment period. The transcriptional analysis of C. jejuni with 16 μg/mL (0.5× MIC) showed 210 differentially expression genes (DEGs), which were mainly related to the metabolism, bacterial membrane transporter system and the secretion system. Fourteen ABC transporter-related genes responsible for bacterial cell homeostasis and oxidative stress were downregulated, indicating that DATS could decrease the bacterial ability to against environmental stress. We further constructed five ABC transporter deletion mutants according to the RNA-seq analysis, and all five mutants proved less tolerant to the DATS treatment compared to the wild type by MIC test. This study elucidated the antimicrobial activity of DATS on C. jejuni and suggested that DATS could be used as a potential antimicrobial compound in the feed and food industry.
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Zheng X, Yuan Y, Li Y, Liu X, Wang X, Fan Z. Polystyrene nanoplastics affect growth and microcystin production of Microcystis aeruginosa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:13394-13403. [PMID: 33180284 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10388-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics are widely distributed in freshwater environments, but few studies have addressed their effects on freshwater algae, especially on harmful algae. In this study, the effects of polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics on Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) growth, as well as microcystin (MC) production and release, were investigated over the whole growth period. The results show that PS nanoplastics caused a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on M. aeruginosa growth and a dose-dependent increase in the aggregation rate peaking at 60.16% and 46.34%, respectively, when the PS nanoplastic concentration was 100 mg/L. This caused significant growth of M. aeruginosa with a specific growth rate up to 0.41 d-1 (50 mg/L PS nanoplastics). After a brief period of rapid growth, the tested algal cells steadily grew. In addition, the increase in PS nanoplastics concentration promoted the production and release of MC. When the PS nanoplastic concentration was 100 mg/L, the content of the intracellular (intra-) and extracellular (extra-) MC increased to 199.1 and 166.5 μg/L, respectively, on day 26, which was 31.4% and 31.1% higher, respectively, than the control. Our results provide insights into the action mechanism of nanoplastics on harmful algae and the potential risks to freshwater environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yanyao Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xianglin Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiangrong Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Zhengqiu Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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13
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Zheng X, Zhang W, Yuan Y, Li Y, Liu X, Wang X, Fan Z. Growth inhibition, toxin production and oxidative stress caused by three microplastics in Microcystis aeruginosa. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111575. [PMID: 33396101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have aroused widespread concern due to their extensive distribution in aquatic environments and adverse effects on aquatic organisms. However, the underlying toxicity of different kinds of MPs on freshwater microalgae has not been examined in detail. In this study, we investigated the effects of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE) MPs on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa, as well as on its toxin production and oxidative stress. We found that all three kinds of MPs had an obvious inhibition effect on the growth of M. aeruginosa. Considering the results of antioxidant-related indicators, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and cell membrane integrity were greatly affected with exposure to PVC, PS and PE MPs. Moreover, the content of intracellular (intra-) and extracellular (extra-) microcystins (MCs) had a noticeable increase due to the presence of PVC, PS, and PE MPs. Finally, according to the comprehensive stress resistance indicators, the resistance of M. aeruginosa to three MPs followed the order: PE (3.701)> PS (3.607)> PVC (2.901). Our results provide insights into the effects of different kinds of MPs on freshwater algae and provide valuable data for risk assessment of different types of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanyao Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xianglin Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiangrong Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zhengqiu Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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14
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Wang X, Zhu X, Chen X, Lv B, Wang X, Wang D. Phenanthrene and pyrene disturbed the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa as co-cultured with Chlorella pyrenoidosa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:45957-45964. [PMID: 33067791 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10979-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Significant levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected in lakes. The competition between algae would be disturbed by PAHs resulted in variations of algal growth. For controlling the cyanobacterial blooms, it is important to understand this disturbed competition between Microcystis aeruginosa and other algae. A 6-day cultivation experiment was designed to investigate the responses of M. aeruginosa to PAHs in presence of green algae. A popular green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa was used as a representative of green algae, and phenanthrene and pyrene were selected as representatives of PAHs. The results showed that M. aeruginosa outcompeted C. pyrenoidosa under PAH contamination, and PAHs and M. aeruginosa significantly inhibited the survival of C. pyrenoidosa. PAHs disturbed the growth of algae by influencing photosynthetic pigments and phycobiliproteins, and the different alteration of Fv/Fm ratios implied that shifted algal community composition would be induced by PAHs. The Fv/Fm of the two algal mixture and individual C. pyrenoidosa was significantly negatively correlated with phenanthrene levels. However, there were no significant correlations between the Fv/Fm of M. aeruginosa and the exposure levels of phenanthrene or pyrene. Remarkably, the Fv/Fm significantly increased in M. aeruginosa at 0.15 mg L-1 pyrene, suggesting that PSII resistance to pyrene was enhanced in M. aeruginosa. Our results pointed out an increasing frequency and intensity of cyanobacterial blooms could be induced by PAHs in contaminated waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiucui Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhu Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuemei Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Baitao Lv
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Danqin Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
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15
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Li N, Tong M, Glibert PM. Effect of allelochemicals on photosynthetic and antioxidant defense system of Ulva prolifera. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 224:105513. [PMID: 32504860 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ulva prolifera is a macroalgae that forms massive blooms, negatively impacting natural communities, aquaculture operations and recreation. The effects of the natural products, eugenol, β-myrcene, citral and nonanoic acid on the growth rate, antioxidative defense system and photosynthesis of Ulva prolifera were investigated as a possible control strategy for this harmful taxon. Negative effects on growth were observed with all four chemicals, due to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage to the thalli. However, the response of U. prolifera under the four chemicals stress was different at the cellular level. β-myrcene, the most effective compound in terms of growth inhibition, induced oxidative stress as shown by the damage of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and the downregulation of the glutathione-ascorbate (GSH-ASA) cycle which inhibited the antioxidative system. This chemical also inhibited photosynthesis and photoprotection mechanisms in U. prolifera, resulting in growth limitation. In contrast, U. prolifera was less affected by the second tested chemical, eugenol, and showed no significant change on photosynthetic efficiency in the presence of the chemical. The inhibition effects of the third and fourth tested chemicals, nonanoic acid and citralon, on growth and on the antioxidant defense system in U. prolifera were inferior. These results provide a potential avenue for controlling green tides in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naicheng Li
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, China
| | - Mengmeng Tong
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, China.
| | - Patricia M Glibert
- University of Maryland Center for Environment Science, Horn Point Laboratory, Cambridge, MD, 21613, USA
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16
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Wu D, Yang S, Du W, Yin Y, Zhang J, Guo H. Effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on Microcystis aeruginosa and microcystins production and release. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 377:1-7. [PMID: 31129339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to growing production and use, release of nanoparticles (NPs) into the aquatic environment may pose a hazard to ecosystem. In this study, Microcystis aeruginosa was exposed to different concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, 50, 100 mg/L) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs to assess their impact on algae. Meanwhile, the production and release of microcystins (MCs) was determined. Results showed that TiO2 NPs significantly decreased the maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, and thus inhibited the photosynthetic activity of M. aeruginosa. They also increased the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), indicating their oxidative damage on algae. Besides, TiO2 NPs at high concentrations (50 and 100 mg/L) aggregated on the algal surface and block the light, herein inhibited algae growth (16.03%±2.50% and 54.13%±0.93%) but induced the production (25.02%±1.23% and 114.43%±2.96%) and release (20.96%±13.30% and 12.10%±8.80%) of MCs. These results indicated that high concentrations of TiO2 NPs increased MCs concentration in water system, which may be harmful to aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shixiong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wenchao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jingxian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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17
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Zhao W, Zheng Z, Zhang J, Roger SF, Luo X. Allelopathically inhibitory effects of eucalyptus extracts on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 225:424-433. [PMID: 30889406 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa), as the dominant algae in eutrophic water bodies, has caused a serious harm to the local eco-environment. A biological tool, employing allelopathic inhibitory of eucalyptus to control M. aeruginosa, has been receiving tremendous attention. This work presents the results of the allelopathic inhibitory effects of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis × E.urophylla 'GLGU9') extracts of roots (ERE), stems (ESE), and leaves (ELE) on culture solutions of M. aeruginosa and its eco-physiological mechanism. The inhibitory effects of the extracts on the growth of M. aeruginosa varied greatly with ELE exhibiting the highest level of potency. Modes of action by which ELE inhibited M. aeruginosa growth were established. They involved reduction in photosynthesis, disruption of the cell membrane integrity, and inhibition of esterase activities of the cyanobacterial cells. However, ELE did not exhibit any gradients of toxicity towards zebrafish nor Washington grass plant. Species abundance and diversity in the systems remained likewise unaffected by ELE. The synergistic interaction between ELE and single-component allelochemicals (e.g., gallic acid and berberine) was ascribed to the increase in efficacy of allelochemicals in the various systems. The results of this study provide an underlying, novel, and attractive approach for controlling the growth of M. aeruginosa in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
| | - JunLei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Saint-Fort Roger
- Department of Environmental Science, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, T3E 6K6, Canada
| | - XingZhang Luo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
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18
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Dynamics of a Soil Fungal Community in a Three-Year Green Garlic/Cucumber Crop Rotation System in Northwest China. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10051391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Wang X, Szeto YT, Jiang C, Wang X, Tao Y, Tu J, Chen J. Effects of Dracontomelon duperreanum Leaf Litter on the Growth and Photosynthesis of Microcystis aeruginosa. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2018; 100:690-694. [PMID: 29442131 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the use of Dracontomelon duperreanum leaf litter extract (DDLLE) in inhibiting the growth and photosynthesis of the algae Microcystis aeruginosa. The goal of the study was to evaluate a potential solution for cyanobacterial bloom prevention. M. aeruginosa was exposed to extract concentrations from 0.4 to 2.0 g L-1. Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) content and photosynthesis levels were assessed using pulse amplitude modulated fluorimetry phytoplankton analyzer. Results suggested that the extract could efficiently suppress M. aeruginosa growth. The content of Chl-a was only 19.0 µg L-1 and achieved 96.0% inhibition rate when exposed to 2.0 g L-1 on day 15. Growth rate in response to different extract concentrations were consistent with changes in the photosynthesis efficiency (alpha), maximal relative electron transport rate and maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (F v /F m ). Furthermore, several kinds of volatile chemicals and their concentrations in DDLLE had been identified by GC-MS, which of them play major role to suppress the growth of M. aeruginosa should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiong Wang
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yim Tong Szeto
- Diagnostix Medical Centre, Room 601, 6/F, China Insurance Group Building, 141 Des Voeux Road Central, Central, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chengchun Jiang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yi Tao
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (MARC) of Shenzhen, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianguo Tu
- Shenzhen Center for Analysis and Measurement of Material Surface, Shenzhen, 518029, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Analysis and Measurement of Material Surface, Shenzhen, 518029, Guangdong, China
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20
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Xu Z, Wang S, Wang Y, Zhang J. Growth, extracellular alkaline phosphatase activity, and kinetic characteristic responses of the bloom-forming toxic cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa, to atmospheric particulate matter (PM 2.5, PM 2.5-10, and PM >10). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:7358-7368. [PMID: 29275484 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0955-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter (APM), commonly seen and widely excited in environment, appears great enough to influence the biochemical processes in aquatic microorganisms and phytoplankton. Understanding the response of cyanobacteria to various factors is fundamental for eutrophication control. To clarify the response of cyanobacteria to APM, the effects of PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM>10 on Microcystis aeruginosa were researched. Variabilities in cell density, chlorophyll a, soluble protein, malondialdehyde, extracellular activity, and kinetic parameters of alkaline phosphatase were evaluated by lab-cultured experiments. Results showed that the PM2.5 had a slight stimulation impact on the growth and enhanced both of the 48- and 72-h extracellular alkaline phosphatase activity (APA), the affinity of alkaline phosphatase for substrate, and the 72-h maximum enzymatic reaction velocity (Vmax). Moreover, the stimulations in extracellular APA and Vmax enhanced with the increasing exposure concentrations. We also found there were no obvious distinctions on the effects of growth and alkaline phosphatase in M. aeruginosa between PM2.5-10 and PM>10 exposure groups. Obviously, inhibitory effects on growth existed in 4.0 and 8.0 mg/L PM2.5-10 and 8.0 mg/L PM>10 at 120 h. Furthermore, PM2.5-10 and PM>10 exerted inhibitory effects on the extracellular APA during the 72-h exposure. Simultaneously, the Vmax was notably inhibited and the affinity of alkaline phosphatase for substrate was more inseparable compared with control in PM2.5-10 and PM>10 treatments. Nevertheless, the inhibitors in extracellular APA and kinetic parameters were unrelated to PM2.5-10 and PM>10 exposure concentrations. Two-way ANOVA results revealed that there were significant interactions between exposure concentration and diameter of APM on the 120-h cell density, soluble protein content, APA, and 72 h APA of M. aeruginosa. These results in our study would be meaningful to further researches on relationships between APM deposition and cyanobacterial bloom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziran Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220, Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shoubing Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220, Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yuanan Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220, Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 220, Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
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21
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Gao YN, Ge FJ, Zhang LP, He Y, Lu ZY, Zhang YY, Liu BY, Zhou QH, Wu ZB. Enhanced toxicity to the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa by low-dosage repeated exposure to the allelochemical N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 174:732-738. [PMID: 28213307 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It has been puzzling whether and how a plant could exert a strong allelopathic inhibition to the target organisms by releasing low concentrations of allelochemicals. Plant allelochemicals have been proposed to be released continuously, however, direct evidence from specific allelochemicals is urgently required. In the present study, the toxicity of allelochemical N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine (NPN) towards the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa by two different exposure patterns was compared. One was low-dosage repeated exposure (LRE), in which 50 μg L-1 NPN was repeatedly dosed to simulate the continual release of allelochemicals, and the other one was high-dosage single exposure (HSE) as per the routine toxicity assay. The results showed a significant growth inhibition to M. aeruginosa in the LRE group, where the inhibition rate reached above 90% from day 6 to day 9. The cell-membrane damage ratio increased from 64.05% on day 5 up to 96.60% on day 9. PSII photosynthesis activity expressed as Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, NPQ and ETRmax was also thoroughly inhibited in this group. Whereas the growth and PSII photosynthesis activity of M. aeruginosa in the HSE group were inhibited initially, but recovered gradually from day 4 or 5, which was accompanied by a continuous reduction of NPN content in culture solutions. Although NPN content in the LRE group was relatively lower, it remained at a more stable level throughout the experiment. These results indicate that continual release of low-dosage allelochemicals by aquatic plants plays crucial roles in their potent inhibition against cyanobacteria. Low-dosage continual exposure pattern needs to be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y N Gao
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China
| | - F J Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - L P Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Y He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Z Y Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Y Y Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - B Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Q H Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.
| | - Z B Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
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22
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Wang S, Xu Z. Effects of Dihydroartemisinin and Artemether on the Growth, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Extracellular Alkaline Phosphatase Activity of the Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164842. [PMID: 27755566 PMCID: PMC5068738 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased eutrophication in the recent years has resulted in considerable research focus on identification of methods for preventing cyanobacterial blooms that are rapid and efficient. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of dihydroartemisinin and artemether on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and to elucidate its mode of action. Variations in cell density, chlorophyll a, soluble protein, malondialdehyde, extracellular alkaline phosphatase activity (APA), and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, ETR, rapid light curves, fast chlorophyll fluorescence curves on fluorescence intensity, and relative variable fluorescence) were evaluated by lab-cultured experiments. Our results demonstrated that both dihydroartemisinin and artemether inhibited the growth of M.aeruginosa by impairing the photosynthetic center in photosystem II and reducing extracellular APA, with a higher sensitivity exhibited toward artemether. The inhibitory effects of dihydroartemisinin on M.aeruginosa increased with concentration, and the maximum growth inhibitory rate was 42.17% at 24 mg·L-1 after 120h exposure, whereas it was 55.72% at 6 mg·L-1 artemetherafter 120h exposure. Moreover, the chlorophyll fluorescence was significantly inhibited (p<0.05) after 120h exposure to 12 and 24 mg·L-1 dihydroartemisinin. Furthermore, after 120h exposure to 6 mg·L-1 artemether, Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, ETR and rETRmax showed a significant decrease (p<0.01) from initial values of 0.490, 0.516, 17.333, and 104.800, respectively, to 0. One-way analysis of variance showed that 6 mg·L-1 artemether and 24 mg·L-1 dihydroartemisinin had significant inhibitory effects on extracellular APA (p<0.01). The results of this study would be useful to further studies to validate the feasibility of dihydroartemisinin and artemether treatment to inhibit overall cyanobacterial growth in water bodies, before this can be put into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoubing Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziran Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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