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Liu G, Tu C, Li Y, Yang S, Wang Q, Wu X, Zhou T, Luo Y. Rapidly reducing cadmium from contaminated farmland soil by novel magnetic recyclable Fe 3O 4/mercapto-functionalized attapulgite beads. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 351:124056. [PMID: 38677464 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Reducing cadmium (Cd) content from contaminated farmland soils remains a major challenge due to the difficulty in separating commonly used adsorbents from soils. This study synthesized novel millimeter-sized magnetic Fe3O4/mercapto-functionalized attapulgite beads (MFBs) through a facile one-step gelation process incorporating alginate. The MFBs inherit the environmental stability of alginate and enhance its mechanical strength by hybridizing Fe3O4 and clay mineral components. MFBs can be easily separated from flooded soils by magnets. When applied to 12 Cd-polluted paddy soils and 14 Cd-polluted upland soils, MFBs achieved Cd(II) removal rates ranging from 16.9% to 62.2% and 9.8%-54.6%, respectively, within a 12-h period. The MFBs predominantly targeted the exchangeable and acid soluble, and reducible fractions of Cd, with significantly enhanced removal efficiencies in paddy soils compared to upland soils. Notably, MFBs exhibited superior adsorption performance in soils with lower pH and organic matter (OM) content, where the bioavailability and mobility of Cd are heightened. The reduction of Cd content by MFBs is a sustainable and safe method, as it permanently removes the bioavailable Cd from soil, rather than temporarily reducing its bioavailability. The functional groups such as -SH, -OH, present in attapulgite and alginate of MFBs, played a crucial role in Cd(II) adsorption. Additionally, attapulgite and zeolite provided a porous matrix structure that further enhanced Cd(II) adsorption. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggested that both chemical precipitation and surface complexation contributed to Cd(II) removal. The MFBs maintained 87.6% Cd removal efficiency after 5 regeneration cycles. The surface of the MFBs exposed new adsorption sites and increased the specific surface area during multiple cycles with Cd-contaminated soil. This suggests that MFBs treatment with magnetic retrieval is a potentially effective pathway for the rapid removal of Cd from contaminated farmland soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chen Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qihao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xinyou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Anbuganesan V, Vishnupradeep R, Bruno LB, Sharmila K, Freitas H, Rajkumar M. Combined Application of Biochar and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Improves Heavy Metal and Drought Stress Tolerance in Zea mays. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1143. [PMID: 38674552 PMCID: PMC11053748 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Plants are often exposed to multiple stresses, including heavy metals (HM) and drought, which limit the plant growth and productivity. Though biochar or plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been widely used for alleviating HM or drought stress in plants, the study of the effects of combined treatment with biochar and PGPR under simultaneous HM and drought stress is limited. This study investigated individual and combined effects of groundnut shell biochar (GS-BC) and PGPR Bacillus pseudomycoides strain ARN7 on Zea mays growth, physiology, and HM accumulation, along with their impact on soil enzymes under HM (Ni and Zn), drought, or HM+drought stress. It was observed that even under HM+drought stress, Z. mays growth, total chlorophyll, proteins, phenolics, and relative water contents were increased in response to combined GS-BC and ARN7 treatment. Furthermore, the combined treatment positively influenced plant superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase activities, while reducing electrolyte leakage and phenolics, malondialdehyde, and proline under HM, drought, or HM+drought stress. Interestingly, the combined GS-BC and ARN7 treatment decreased HM accumulation and the bioaccumulation factor in Z. mays, highlighting that the combined treatment is suitable for improving HM phytostabilization. Additionally, GS-BC increased soil enzymatic activities and ARN7 colonization irrespective of HM and drought stress. As far as we know, this study is the first to illustrate that combined biochar and PGPR treatment could lessen the adverse effects of both HM and drought, suggesting that such treatment can be used in water-deficient HM-contaminated areas to improve plant growth and reduce HM accumulation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadivel Anbuganesan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (V.A.); (R.V.); (L.B.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Ramasamy Vishnupradeep
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (V.A.); (R.V.); (L.B.B.); (K.S.)
| | - L. Benedict Bruno
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (V.A.); (R.V.); (L.B.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Krishnan Sharmila
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (V.A.); (R.V.); (L.B.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Helena Freitas
- Centre for Functional Ecology—Science for People & the Planet, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Mani Rajkumar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; (V.A.); (R.V.); (L.B.B.); (K.S.)
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Chen Y, Yang W, Zou Y, Wu Y, Mao W, Zhang J, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Wang B, Wu P. Quantification of the effect of biochar application on heavy metals in paddy systems: Impact, mechanisms and future prospects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168874. [PMID: 38029988 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) has shown great potential in remediating heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) contamination in paddy fields. Variation in feedstock sources, pyrolysis temperatures, modification methods, and application rates of BC can result in great changes in its effects on HM bioavailability and bioaccumulation in soil-rice systems and remediation mechanisms. Meanwhile, there is a lack of application guidelines for BC with specific properties and application rates when targeting rice fields contaminated with certain HMs. To elucidate this topic, this review focuses on i) the effects of feedstock type, pyrolysis temperature, and modification method on the properties of BC; ii) the changes in bioavailability and bioaccumulation of HMs in soil-rice systems applying BC with different feedstocks, pyrolysis temperatures, modification methods, and application rates; and iii) exploration of potential remediation mechanisms for applying BC to reduce the mobility and bioaccumulation of HMs in rice field systems. In general, the application of Fe/Mn modified organic waste (OW) derived BC for mid-temperature pyrolysis is still a well-optimized choice for the remediation of HM contamination in rice fields. From the viewpoint of remediation efficiency, the application rate of BC should be appropriately increased to immobilize Cd, Pb, and Cu in rice paddies, while the application rate of BC for immobilizing As should be <2.0 % (w/w). The mechanism of remediation of HM-contaminated rice fields by applying BC is mainly the direct adsorption of HMs by BC in soil pore water and the mediation of soil microenvironmental changes. In addition, the application of Fe/Mn modified BC induced the formation of iron plaque (IP) on the root surface of rice, which reduced the uptake of HM by the plant. Finally, this paper describes the prospects and challenges for the extension of various BCs for the remediation of HM contamination in paddy fields and makes some suggestions for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wentao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Yuzheng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuhong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenjian Mao
- Guizhou Environment and Engineering Appraisal Center, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Pan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Geological Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Abhishek K, Shrivastava A, Vimal V, Gupta AK, Bhujbal SK, Biswas JK, Singh L, Ghosh P, Pandey A, Sharma P, Kumar M. Biochar application for greenhouse gas mitigation, contaminants immobilization and soil fertility enhancement: A state-of-the-art review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158562. [PMID: 36089037 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rising global temperature, pollution load, and energy crises are serious problems, recently facing the world. Scientists around the world are ambitious to find eco-friendly and cost-effective routes for resolving these problems. Biochar has emerged as an agent for environmental remediation and has proven to be the effective sorbent to inorganic and organic pollutants in water and soil. Endowed with unique attributes such as porous structure, larger specific surface area (SSA), abundant surface functional groups, better cation exchange capacity (CEC), strong adsorption capacity, high environmental stability, embedded minerals, and micronutrients, biochar is presented as a promising material for environmental management, reduction in greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions, soil management, and soil fertility enhancement. Therefore, the current review covers the influence of key factors (pyrolysis temperature, retention time, gas flow rate, and reactor design) on the production yield and property of biochar. Furthermore, this review emphasizes the diverse application of biochar such as waste management, construction material, adsorptive removal of petroleum and oil from aqueous media, immobilization of contaminants, carbon sequestration, and their role in climate change mitigation, soil conditioner, along with opportunities and challenges. Finally, this review discusses the evaluation of biochar standardization by different international agencies and their economic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Abhishek
- Department of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of Bihar, Patna, India
| | | | - Vineet Vimal
- Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Orissa, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Gupta
- Department of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of Bihar, Patna, India
| | - Sachin Krushna Bhujbal
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Department of Ecological Studies & International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India
| | - Lal Singh
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pooja Ghosh
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226 001, India; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248 007, Uttarakhand, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prabhakar Sharma
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir 803116, Bihar, India.
| | - Manish Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440020, Maharashtra, India.
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Diao Y, Zhou L, Ji M, Wang X, Dan Y, Sang W. Immobilization of Cd and Pb in soil facilitated by magnetic biochar: metal speciation and microbial community evolution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:71871-71881. [PMID: 35606582 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20750-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of magnetic biochar from sewage sludge and rice straw for heavy metal contaminated soil remediation has greater application prospects, but its remediation mechanism was rarely considered by combining soil physicochemical properties with microbial community. In this study, the effects of magnetic sewage sludge biochar (SSB) and rice straw biochar (RSB) on Cd and Pb immobilization in paddy soil were compared and analyzed by 60-day soil incubation experiments. The results illustrated that DTPA-Cd and DTPA-Pb were reduced by 51.53% (43.07%) and 53.57% (50.47%), while the percentage of residual fraction of the BCR procedure was enhanced by 31.27% (30.78%) of Cd and 27.25% (23.22%) of Pb in the SSB (RSB) treatment, respectively. Fe was detected on both SSB and RSB surfaces, but SSB had rougher and a larger specific surface area compared to RSB. The addition of SSB and RSB in paddy soil increased soil pH and TOC content, and affected the diversity and species of soil microbial community. Compared with the CK group, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Lysobacter decreased, and the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota, Pontibacter, and Alkaliphilus increased with SSB and RSB treatments, all of which reflected the bioavailability of Cd and Pb reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinzhu Diao
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Mengyuan Ji
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padua, 35121, Padua, Italy
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yitong Dan
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wenjing Sang
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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Lu HL, Li KW, Nkoh JN, Shi YXX, He X, Hong ZN, Xu RK. Effects of the increases in soil pH and pH buffering capacity induced by crop residue biochars on available Cd contents in acidic paddy soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134674. [PMID: 35461893 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To explore the effects of the increases in pH and pH buffering capacity (pHBC) induced by crop residue biochars on the changes in soil available Cd content, six acidic paddy soils developed from different parents were amended with seeded sunflower plate biochar (SSPBC), peanut straw biochar (PSBC) and corn straw biochar (CSBC). The pH, pHBC, and available Cd of the soils were measured after laboratory incubation. The results showed that the incorporation of crop residue biochars led to the increases in soil pH and pHBC, but a decrease in soil available Cd content. The decreasing order of available Cd content was SSPBC > PSBC > CSBC and was consistent with the changes in soil pH induced by the biochars. During submerging and draining, soil pH increased first and then declined, however the content of available Cd decreased first and then increased significantly. Soil pH in the treatments with biochars showed little change during draining, which was different from the control without the biochars added. This was attributed to the enhancing effect of the biochars on soil pHBC. Also, there was a significant negative correlation between the change in available Cd content and soil pHBC during submerging/draining alternation and suggested that higher pHBC corresponded to smaller soil available Cd content. Consequently, the amount of Cd absorbed by rice was reduced, thereby reducing the potential risk of soil Cd to humans. These results can provide useful references for the remediation of Cd-contaminated paddy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Long Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ke-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jackson Nkoh Nkoh
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yang-Xiao-Xiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xian He
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Neng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ren-Kou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Gholami L, Rahimi G. The efficiency of potato peel biochar for the adsorption and immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 25:263-273. [PMID: 35579507 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2073962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the potential application of potato peel biochar (PPB) for the adsorption and immobilization of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, and Ni) in contaminated acidic soil. The addition of PPB to the soil, especially at the application rate of 8%, increased soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and organic carbon (OC). The maximum adsorption capacity of Cd, Pb, and Ni in the soil amended with PPB at the application rate of 8% was 3215.9, 4418.67, and 3508.51 mg kg-1, respectively. Compared to the control, the addition of 8% PPB to the soil decreased the soluble and exchangeable fraction of Cd, Pb, and Ni to 84.3, 90.6, and 79.1 mg kg-1, respectively. In contrast, the addition of 8% PPB to the soil increased the organically-bound and residual fractions of metals in the following order: Pb > Cd > Ni, and Cd > Pb > Ni, respectively. The results of this study showed that potato peel biochar has the potential to stabilize and reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals in contaminated acidic soil. Therefore, potato peel biochar can serve as an eco-friendly, low-cost, and efficient adsorbent to immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated acidic soils.NOVELTY STATEMENTEffect of biochar produced from potato peel on the adsorption of the heavy metals in contaminated acidic soil.Immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated acidic soil amended with potato peel biochar.Improving the chemical properties of soil amended with potato peel biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gholami
- Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Ghasem Rahimi
- Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Li L, Lv Y, Wang J, Jia C, Zhan Z, Dong Z, Liu L, Zhu X. Enhance pore structure of cyanobacteria-based porous carbon by polypropylene to improve adsorption capacity of methylene blue. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 343:126101. [PMID: 34628009 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Porous carbon obtained by co-pyrolysis of plastic and biomass has received a lot of attention due to its excellent adsorption properties, and the pore structure plays an essential role in adsorption performance, however, the pore structure is still not well understood. Herein, we synthesized cyanobacteria-based porous carbon derived from cyanobacteria and polypropylene plastic by one-step method. CPC-800-30% exhibited a high BET surface area (2140 m2/g), pore volume up to 1.44 cm3/g. PP not only improved the pore structure of porous carbon, but also enriched the types of functional groups, such as O-H, N-H, C=O, and -CH, due to dehydroxylation or amino group decreased, resulting in the hydrogen radicals increased, hence PP had positive effect for biomass during co-pyrolysis. Meanwhile, CPC-800-30% showed excellent methylene blue (MB) adsorption capacity (667 mg/g). This work provided a new strategy for enhancing porous carbon structure via using PP as additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Li
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150022, PR China.
| | - Ying Lv
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150022, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150022, PR China
| | - Chao Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Zhaoshun Zhan
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150022, PR China
| | - Zilong Dong
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150022, PR China
| | - Lilai Liu
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150022, PR China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
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The fate of char in controlling the rate of heavy metal transfer from soil to potato. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Yuvaraj A, Thangaraj R, Karmegam N, Ravindran B, Chang SW, Awasthi MK, Kannan S. Activation of biochar through exoenzymes prompted by earthworms for vermibiochar production: A viable resource recovery option for heavy metal contaminated soils and water. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130458. [PMID: 34126688 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The industrial revolution and indiscriminate usage of a wide spectrum of agrochemicals account for the dumping of heavy metals in the environment. In-situ/ex-situ physical, chemical, and bioremediation strategies with pros and cons have been adopted for recovering metal contaminated soils and water. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement for a cost-effective and environment-friendly technique to combat metal pollution. Biochar combined with earthworms and vermifiltration is a suitable emerging technique for the remediation of metal-polluted soils and water. The chemical substances (e.g., sodium hydroxide, zinc chloride, potassium hydroxide, and phosphoric acid) have been used to activate biochar, which also faces several shortcomings. Studies reveal that extracellular enzymes have been used to activate biochar which is produced by earthworms and microbes that can alter the surface of the biochar. The present review focuses on the global scenario of metal pollution and its remediation through biochar activation using earthworms. The earthworms and biochar can produce "vermibiochar" which is capable of reducing the metal ions from contaminated water and soils. The vermifiltration can be a suitable technology for metal removal from wastewater/effluent. Thus, the biochar has a trick of producing entirely new options at a time when vermifiltration and other technologies are least expected. Further attention to the biochar-assisted vermifiltration of different sources of wastewater is required to be explored for the large-scale utilization of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananthanarayanan Yuvaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramasundaram Thangaraj
- Vermitechnology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Natchimuthu Karmegam
- Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong - Gu, Suwon, 16227, South Korea; Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong - Gu, Suwon, 16227, South Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3#, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Soundarapandian Kannan
- Cancer Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
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Dang VM, Van HT, Vinh ND, Hoa Duong TM, Hanh Nguyen TB, Nguyen TT, Ha Tran TN, Hoang TK, Tran TP, Nguyen LH, Chu MN. Enhancement of exchangeable Cd and Pb immobilization in contaminated soil using Mg/Al LDH-zeolite as an effective adsorbent. RSC Adv 2021; 11:17007-17019. [PMID: 35479705 PMCID: PMC9031545 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10530a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, experiments using zeolite and Mg/Al LDH-zeolite for immobilization of Cd and Pb ions in artificial soil were conducted. The conditions which affect Cd and Pb ion immobilization in soil were evaluated, namely soil pH (5-7), the mass ratio of adsorbents (1%, 3% and 5%), incubation time (15 days, 30 days and 45 days) and soil moisture (30%, 50% and 70%). The results indicated that the optimal soil pH, mass ratio of adsorbents, incubation time and soil moisture for immobilization of Cd and Pb ions by the adsorbent were, respectively, 7.0, 3%, 30 days and 70%. The exchangeable Cd ion content in the contaminated soil dropped from 22.17 mg kg-1 (87.65%) to 11.03 mg kg-1 (43.48%) and 6.47 mg kg-1 (26.36%) on incubation with zeolite and Mg/Al LDH-zeolite, respectively, while the exchangeable Pb content fell from 23.28 mg kg-1 (90.02%) to 14.12 mg kg-1 (54.04%) and 9.47 mg kg-1 (35.24%) using zeolite and Mg/Al LDH-zeolite as absorbents in contaminated soil, respectively. Fe-Mn oxide occluded (F2), carbonate bound (F3) and organically complexed (F4) were the main forms for immobilization of the exchangeable Cd and Pb when the zeolite and Mg/Al LDH-zeolite absorbents were separately cultivated into soil. Precipitation, co-precipitation and electrostatic attraction were the main mechanisms of exchangeable Cd and Pb immobilization onto the Mg/Al LDH-zeolite to form carbonate metals (CdCO3 and PbCO3). This was due to the surface functional groups of the adsorbent and the presence of Fe and Al oxyhydroxides, Mn oxides, and Si and O elements in the Mg/Al LDH-zeolite's constituents. The efficiency of Cd and Pb immobilization by the Mg/Al LDH-zeolite was higher than that by zeolite from 1.5 to 1.6 times. The Mg/Al LDH-zeolite showed an enhanced ability of exchangeable Cd and Pb immobilization in contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Minh Dang
- Thai Nguyen University Tan Thinh ward Thai Nguyen city Vietnam
| | - Huu Tap Van
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, TNU - University of Sciences Tan Thinh ward Thai Nguyen city Vietnam
| | - N D Vinh
- Faculty of Chemistry, TNU - University of Sciences Tan Thinh ward Thai Nguyen city Vietnam
| | - Thi Minh Hoa Duong
- Faculty of Environment, TNU - University of Agriculture and Forestry Quyet Thang ward Thai Nguyen city Vietnam
| | - Thi Bich Hanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, TNU - University of Sciences Tan Thinh ward Thai Nguyen city Vietnam
| | - Thị Tuyet Nguyen
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, TNU - University of Sciences Tan Thinh ward Thai Nguyen city Vietnam
| | - Thi Ngoc Ha Tran
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, TNU - University of Sciences Tan Thinh ward Thai Nguyen city Vietnam
| | - Trung Kien Hoang
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, TNU - University of Sciences Tan Thinh ward Thai Nguyen city Vietnam
| | - Thị Pha Tran
- Faculty of Environment, TNU - University of Agriculture and Forestry Quyet Thang ward Thai Nguyen city Vietnam
| | - Lan Huong Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment - Natural Resources and Climate Change, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI) Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Manh Nhuong Chu
- Faculty of chemistry, TNU - University of Education No. 20, Luong Ngoc Quyen Road Thai Nguyen City Vietnam
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Mansoor S, Kour N, Manhas S, Zahid S, Wani OA, Sharma V, Wijaya L, Alyemeni MN, Alsahli AA, El-Serehy HA, Paray BA, Ahmad P. Biochar as a tool for effective management of drought and heavy metal toxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129458. [PMID: 33421912 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought and heavy metal stress undesirably disturb soil fertility and plant growth. Heavy metals pose severe biological toxic effects. Biochar, a carbon rich source application ameliorates this stress by increasing the plant growth, biomass, nutrient uptake and improves gaseous exchange in drought stress. Application of biochar reduces drought stress by increasing water holding capacity of soil through modification of soil physio-chemical properties that in turn increases water availability to plants and also enhances mineral uptake and regulation of stomatal conductance. Biochar mediates the retention of moisture, nutrients, inhibits harmful bacteria, absorbs heavy metals, pesticides, prevents soil erosion, increases soil pH, improves cationic exchange and boosts soil fertility. Drought and heavy metal stress often lead to production of reactive oxygen species. However, biochar significantly modifies the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) scavenging enzymes and provides an efficient electron transferring mechanism to tackle the toxic effects of ROS in plants. Biochar is regarded as a tool for the effective management of agricultural productivity and various environmental issues. This review provides insights on the potential role of biochar in ameliorating drought and heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Mansoor
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, 180009, India
| | - Navneet Kour
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, 180009, India
| | - Sweeta Manhas
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, 180009, India
| | - Sheikh Zahid
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, 180009, India
| | - Owais Ali Wani
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, FoA Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, 180009, India
| | - Leonard Wijaya
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed A El-Serehy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bilal Ahmad Paray
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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13
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Gu P, Zhang Y, Xie H, Wei J, Zhang X, Huang X, Wang J, Lou X. Effect of cornstalk biochar on phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil by Beta vulgaris var. cicla L. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111144. [PMID: 32846295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination is the most common and extensive heavy metal pollution in the farmland of China. Phytoremediation is considered as a promising measure for Cd-contaminated soil remediation, but the remediation efficiency still needs to be enhanced. Biochar as an effective amendment medium is widely manufactured and studied for the soil remediation of heavy metals. In this study, a greenhouse pot trial was conducted to investigate the effects of cornstalk biochar on Cd accumulation of Beta vulgaris var. cicla L. (Beta vulgaris) in Cd contaminated soil. The Cd availability, speciation and nutrients in soil, biomass and Cd chemical forms in the Beta vulgaris root were studied to explore the mechanism that how the cornstalk biochar promoted Cd accumulation in Beta vulgaris. Biochar amendment reduced the DTPA-extractable Cd concentration and stimulated the growth of root. Compared to the Beta vulgaris without biochar treatment, the results of 5% biochar amendment showed that the root dry weight of Beta vulgaris increased to 267%, Cd accumulation in Beta vulgaris increased to 206% and the Cd concentration in leaves and roots increased by 36% and 52%, respectively. Additionally, after 5% biochar was applied to soil, the total content of organic matter-bound Cd and residual Cd increased by 38%, while the content of Fe-Mn oxides-bound Cd decreased by 40%. Meanwhile, Cd may mainly bind to the root cell wall and the ratio of NaCl-extracted Cd to HAc-extracted Cd increased to 166% with 5% biochar amendment. According to our study, Cd in soil can be removed by Beta vulgaris and phytoremediation efficiency can be improved with biochar amendment. The combination of phytoremediation and biochar amendment is a promising strategy for the Cd-contaminated soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panxue Gu
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yanming Zhang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China; SGIDI Engineering Consulting (Group) Co., Ltd, No.38, ShuiFeng Road, YangPu District, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Huanhuan Xie
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Laboratory for Air Pollution & Environmental Technology, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Empa, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
| | - Xinying Zhang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Xun Huang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xinyi Lou
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
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14
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A critical review on the biochar production techniques, characterization, stability and applications for circular bioeconomy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 28:e00570. [PMID: 33304842 PMCID: PMC7718465 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent research on remediation of toxic pollutants by biochar has been summarized. The production techniques of the biochar have been narrated. Biochar properties, stability and its environmental issues have been analysed. Applications of biochar in soil fertility and removing pollutants have been reported. The major stumbling block in biochar production is cost of production.
There is an upsurge enthusiasm for utilizing biochar produced from waste-biomass in different fields, to address the most important ecological issues. This review is focused on an overview of remediating harmful contaminants utilizing biochar. Production of biochar utilizing various systems has been discussed. Biochar has received the consideration of numerous analysts in building up their proficiency to remediate contaminants. Process parameters are fundamentally answerable for deciding the yield of biomass. Biochar derived from biomass is an exceptionally rich wellspring of carbon produced from biomass utilizing thermal combustion. Activating biochar is another particular region for the growing utilization of biochar for expelling specific contaminations. Closed-loop systems to produce biochar creates more opportunities. Decentralized biochar production techniques serve as an effective way of providing employment opportunities, managing wastes, increasing resource proficiency in circular bioeconomy. This paper also covers knowledge gaps and perspectives in the field of remediation of toxic pollutants using biochar.
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15
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Zhong Y, Igalavithana AD, Zhang M, Li X, Rinklebe J, Hou D, Tack FMG, Alessi DS, Tsang DCW, Ok YS. Effects of aging and weathering on immobilization of trace metals/metalloids in soils amended with biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:1790-1808. [PMID: 32789328 DOI: 10.1039/d0em00057d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is an effective amendment for trace metal/metalloid (TMs) immobilization in soils. The capacity of biochar to immobilize TMs in soil can be positively or negatively altered due to the changes in the surface and structural chemistry of biochar after soil application. Biochar surfaces are oxidized in soils and induce structural changes through physical and biochemical weathering processes. These changes in the biochar surface and structural chemistry generally increase its ability to immobilize TMs, although the generation of dissolved black carbon during weathering may increase TM mobility. Moreover, biochar modification can improve its capacity to immobilize TMs in soils. Over the short-term, engineered/modified biochar exhibited increased TM immobilization capacity compared with unmodified biochar. In the long-term, no large distinctions in such capacities were seen between modified and unmodified biochars due to weathering. In addition, artificial weathering at laboratories also revealed increased TM immobilization in soils. Continued collection of mechanistic evidence will help evaluate the effect of natural and artificial weathering, and biochar modification on the long-term TM immobilization capacity of biochar with respect to feedstock and synthesis conditions in contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchi Zhong
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Avanthi Deshani Igalavithana
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Ming Zhang
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. and Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, No. 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodian Li
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. and Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, No. 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany and Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Filip M G Tack
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel S Alessi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. and Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, No. 258 Xueyuan Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
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16
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Wang D, Jiang P, Zhang H, Yuan W. Biochar production and applications in agro and forestry systems: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137775. [PMID: 32213399 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a product of biomass thermochemical conversion. Its yield and quality vary significantly with the production technology and process parameters, which also affect its performance in agro and forestry systems. In this review, biochar production technologies including slow pyrolysis, fast pyrolysis, gasification, and torrefaction were compared. The yield of biochar was found to decrease with faster heating rate or more oxygen available. The benefits of biochar application to agro and forestry systems were discussed. Improvements in soil health, plant growth, carbon sequestration, and greenhouse gas mitigation are apparent in many cases, but opposite results do exist, indicating that the beneficial aspect of biochar are limited to particular conditions such as the type of biochar used, the rate of application, soil type, climate, and crop species. Limitations of current studies and future research needed on biochar are also discussed. Specifically, the relationships among biochar production technologies, biochar properties, and biochar performance in agro and forestry systems must be better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Peikun Jiang
- College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenqiao Yuan
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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17
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Zhou Y, Liu Y, Feng L, Xu Y, Du Z, Zhang L. Biochar prepared from maize straw and molasses fermentation wastewater: application for soil improvement. RSC Adv 2020; 10:14510-14519. [PMID: 35497139 PMCID: PMC9051920 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel method was applied to improve biochar properties and its soil application by introducing molasses fermentation wastewater into a maize straw pyrolysis process. In this study, maize straw biochar (MSB) was prepared from maize straw mixed with different amounts (1, 2 and 3 mL g-1 straw, v/w) of molasses fermentation wastewater which contained high organics and nitrogen contents. Characterization results indicated that the yield, carbon content, N/C, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of MSB increased gradually with the increasing dosage of fermentation wastewater. In addition, the prepared MSB was added into sandy soil with four mixing proportions (1%, 3%, 5% and 10%, w/w) to investigate its effects on plant growth, soil properties and soil catalase activity (CAT) by pot experiments. The results indicated that MSB amendments increased soil pH, soil total organic carbon (TOC) and nutrients contents (TN, TP). It was suggested that 5% biochar proportion in soil derived from maize straw with 2 mL g-1 fermentation wastewater addition was more suitable for ryegrass growth, soil fertility and CAT activity improvement. This study provides a promising way to realize the resource utilization of fermentation wastewater and agricultural wastes at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Yongze Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Li Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Yirong Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Ziwen Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China
| | - Liqiu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China
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18
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Sohail MI, Zia Ur Rehman M, Rizwan M, Yousaf B, Ali S, Anwar Ul Haq M, Anayat A, Waris AA. Efficiency of various silicon rich amendments on growth and cadmium accumulation in field grown cereals and health risk assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125481. [PMID: 31812047 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination of arable soils and its subsequent accumulation in food is one of the global issues which needs urgent attention. Field experiments were conducted to explore the impacts of ten silicon (Si) rich amendments on Cd bioavailability and accumulation by maize and wheat irrigated with sewage effluents. Results depicted that applied amendments decreased the total Cd accumulation in shoots and grains of both crops with and the maximum decrease was observed in rice husk biochar (RHB) treatment. The RHB was able to significantly decrease the translocation factor, Cd harvest and health risk indexes. All amendments differentially affected the soil pH, EC, CaCl2-extractable Si, and decreased the AB-DTPA-extractable soil Cd. Overall, suitable Si rich amendments (like RHB and CSB etc.) can be employed to mitigate the health risks associated with dietary Cd in untreated sewage irrigated fields. However, the cost-benefit analysis such Si rich amendments should be considered before final recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan Sohail
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Balal Yousaf
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University (CMU), Taiwan.
| | - Muhammad Anwar Ul Haq
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Alia Anayat
- Soil & Water Testing Lab. Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aisha A Waris
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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19
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He L, Zhong H, Liu G, Dai Z, Brookes PC, Xu J. Remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils by biochar: Mechanisms, potential risks and applications in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:846-855. [PMID: 31202137 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
There are global concerns about heavy metal (HM) contamination in soils, which in turn has produced an increased demand for soil remediation. Biochar has been widely documented to effectively immobilize metals in contaminated soils and has received increasing attention for use in soil remediation. Here, we review recent progresses in understanding metal-biochar interactions in soils, potential risks associated with biochar amendment, and application of biochar in soil remediation in China. These recent studies indicate that: (1) the remediation effect depends on the characteristics of both biochar and soil and their interactions; (2) biochar applications could decrease the mobility/bioavailability of HMs in soils and HM accumulation in plants; and (3) despite its advantages, biochar applications could pose ecological and health risks, e.g., by releasing toxic substances into soils or by inhalation of biochar dust. Research gaps still exist in the development of practical methods for preparing and applying different biochars that target specific HMs. In the future, the long term effects and security of biochar applications on soil remediation, soil organisms and plant growth need to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi He
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Guangxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhongmin Dai
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Philip C Brookes
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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20
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Hong M, Zhang L, Tan Z, Huang Q. Effect mechanism of biochar's zeta potential on farmland soil's cadmium immobilization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:19738-19748. [PMID: 31090000 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05298-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In situ passivation of heavy metals by biochar mainly focuses on the effect of biochar's pH, surface oxygen-containing functional groups (OCFGs), and ash content. In this paper, starting with the measurement of biochar's electrical properties under different pyrolysis atmospheres and temperatures, the changes in the zeta potential of biochar and the consequent effects on cadmium immobilization in soil are studied. The results show that the zeta potential of biochar from the pyrolysis of high temperature (800 °C) is higher than that of biochar at low temperatures, so its electronegativity is weaker than that of biochar at low temperatures, but the protective effect on wheat is stronger than that of biochar obtained at low temperatures. The zeta potential of biochar obtained under a CO2 atmosphere was higher than that of biochar prepared under a N2 atmosphere, so its protective effect on wheat was stronger than that of biochar under N2. The reason is that biochar particles with a high zeta potential and weak electronegativity have higher cohesion and are better at in situ passivation of Cd in soils. Namely, biochar obtained at high pyrolysis temperatures (800 °C) and prepared under a CO2 atmosphere has better effect on Cd immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Hong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Limei Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongxin Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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21
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Zeng L, Lin X, Zhou F, Qin J, Li H. Biochar and crushed straw additions affect cadmium absorption in cassava-peanut intercropping system. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 167:520-530. [PMID: 30384059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) intercropped with peanut (Arachis hypogaea) has good complementary effects in time and space. In the field plot test, the land equivalent ratio (LER) of cassava-peanut intercropping system was 1.43, showing obvious intercropping yield advantage. Compared with monocropping, Cd contents in the roots of cassava and seeds of peanut were significantly reduced by 20.00% and 31.67%, respectively (p < 0.05). Under the unit area of hectare, compared with monocropping of cassava and peanut, the bioconcentration amount (BCA) of Cd in the intercropping system increased significantly by 24.98% and 25.59%, respectively (p < 0.05), and the metal removal equivalent ratio (MRER) of Cd was 1.25, indicating that the intercropping pattern had advantage in Cd removal. In the cement pool plot test, compared with the control, cassava intercropped with peanut under biochar and crushed straw additions did not only enhance the available nutrients and organic matter contents in rhizosphere soil but also promoted the crop growth and increased the content of chlorophyll (SPAD values) of plant leaves. The peanut seeds biomass under biochar and straw additions were significantly increased by 112.34% and 59.38% (p < 0.05), respectively, while the cassava roots biomass under biochar addition was significantly increased by 63.54% (p < 0.05). Applying biochar significantly decreased the content of Cd which extracted by diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA-Cd) in soil and reduced Cd uptake as well as translocation into plant tissues. The BCA of Cd of cassava under biochar addition decreased significantly by 53.87% in maturity stage (p < 0.05), thus reduced the ecological risk of Cd to crops and was of great significance to produce high quality and safe agricultural products. Besides, the crushed straw enhanced the biomass of crops, reduced Cd content in all tissues and maintained Cd uptake in the intercropping system. Therefore, it can realize the integration of ecological remediation and economic benefit of two energy plants in Cd contaminated soil after applied crushed straw in cassava-peanut intercropping system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture/South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangzhou Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Xianke Lin
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Waste Reuse in Agriculture of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture/South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Junhao Qin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture/South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangzhou Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Huashou Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture/South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangzhou Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
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