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Zhang Q, Wang L, Wu Q. Occurrence and combined exposure of phthalate esters in urban soil, surface dust, atmospheric dustfall, and commercial food in the semi-arid industrial city of Lanzhou, Northwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 354:124170. [PMID: 38759748 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
A total of 138 samples including urban soil, surface dust, atmospheric dustfall, and commercial food were collected from the semi-arid industrial city of Lanzhou in Northwest China, and 22 phthalate esters (PAEs) were analyzed in these samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the pollution characteristics, potential sources, and combined exposure risks of PAEs. The results showed that the total concentration of 22 PAEs (Ʃ22PAEs) presented surface dust (4.94 × 104 ng/g) ≫ dustfall (1.56 × 104 ng/g) ≫ food (2.14 × 103 ng/g) ≫ urban soil (533 ng/g). Di-n-butyl phthalate (DNBP), di-isobutyl phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-isononyl phthalate/di-isodecyl phthalate were predominant in the environmental media and commercial food, being controlled by priority (52.1%-65.5%) and non-priority (62.1%) PAEs, respectively. Elevated Ʃ22PAEs in the urban soil and surface dust was found in the west, middle, and east of Lanzhou. Principal component analysis indicated that PAEs the urban soil and surface dust were related with the emissions of products containing PAEs, atmosphere depositions, and traffic and industrial emissions. PAEs in the foods were associated with the growth and processing environment. The health risk assessment of United States Environmental Protection Agency based on the Chinese population exposure parameters indicated that the total exposure dose of 22 PAEs was from 0.111 to 0.226 mg/kg/day, which were above the reference dose (0.02 mg/kg/day) and tolerable daily intake (TDI, 0.05 mg/kg/day) for DEHP (0.0333-0.0631 mg/kg/day), and TDI (0.01 mg/kg/day) for DNBP (0.0213-0.0405 mg/kg/day), implying that the exposure of PAEs via multi-media should not be ignored; the total non-carcinogenic risk of six priority PAEs was below 1 for the three environmental media (1.21 × 10-5-2.90 × 10-3), while close to 1 for food (4.74 × 10-1-8.76 × 10-1), suggesting a potential non-carcinogenic risk of human exposure to PAEs in food; the total carcinogenic risk of BBP and DEHP was below 1 × 10-6 for the three environmental media (9.13 × 10-10-5.72 × 10-7), while above 1 × 10-4 for DEHP in food (1.02 × 10-4), suggesting a significantly carcinogenic risk of human exposure to DEHP in food. The current research results can provide certain supports for pollution and risk prevention of PAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
| | - Qianlan Wu
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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2
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Huang C, Gong X, Qin Y, Zhang L, Cai Y, Feng S, Zhang Y, Zhao Z. Risk assessment of China's Eastern Route of the South-to-north Water Diversion Project from the perspective of Phthalate Esters occurrence in the impounded lakes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134511. [PMID: 38772103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are widely utilized and can accumulate in lacustrine ecosystems, posing significant ecological and human health hazards. Most studies on PAEs focus on individual lakes, lacking a comprehensive and systematic perspective. In response, we have focused our investigation on characteristic lakes situated along the Eastern Route of the South-to-north Water Diversion Project (SNWDP-ER) in China. We have detected 16 PAE compounds in the impounded lakes of the SNWDP-ER by collecting surface water samples using solid-phase extraction followed by gas chromatography analysis. The concentration of PAEs were found to between 0.80 to 12.92 μg L-1. Among them, Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was the most prevalent, with mean concentration of 1.56 ± 0.62 μg L-1 (48.44%), followed by Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), 0.64 ± 1.40 μg L-1 (19.87%). Spatial distribution showed an increasing trend in the direction of water flow. Retention of DEHP and DIBP has led to increased environmental risks. DEHP, Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) etc. determined by agriculture and human activities. Additionally, Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and DIBP mainly related to the use of agricultural products. To mitigate the PAEs risk, focusing on integrated management of the lakes, along with the implementation of stringent regulations to control the use of plasticizes in products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xionghu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China
| | - Yongjiu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shaoyuan Feng
- College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Youliang Zhang
- College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Zhonghua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Wang X, Hu Z, Jin Y, Yang M, Zhang Z, Zhou X, Qiu S, Zou X. Exploring the relationships between exposure levels of bisphenols and phthalates and prostate cancer occurrence. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134736. [PMID: 38815394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
We established an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneously analyzing the metabolites of bisphenols and phthalates in urine to identify the associations between these exposure levels and prostate cancer (PCa) based on a case-control study. After purifying urine samples with SPE, 18 metabolites were separated on a C18 column, and MS detection was performed. The UPLC-MS/MS method has been proven effective at evaluating bisphenol and phthalate exposure (0.020-0.20 μg/L of the limits of detection, 71.8 %∼119.4 % of recoveries, 0.4 %∼8.2 % of precision). Logistic regression explored the association between exposure level and PCa in 187 PCa cases and 151 controls. The detection rates of bisphenol A (BPA) and most phthalate metabolites were 100 % ranging from 0.06-46.74 and 0.12-899.92 μg/g creatinine, respectively, while the detection rates of other bisphenols and mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) are low, ranging from 0 % to 21.85 %. Correlation analysis of the metabolite levels indicated that the exposure sources of BPA, di-ethyl phthalate (DEP), and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were different, and that the exposure sources of di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) and di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP) may differ between two groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that BPA (OR<0.45 vs ≥1.43 =10.02) and DEHP exposure (OR<21.75 vs ≥45.42 =48.26) increased the risk of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zifan Hu
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuming Jin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Mi Yang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xianghong Zhou
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology and Center of Biomedical Big Data, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland.
| | - Xiaoli Zou
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Guo R, Liang X, Su M, Yao B, Yan S, Han Y, Cui J. Occurrence, migration and health risks of fluorescent whitening agents and phthalates in bottled water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134631. [PMID: 38901257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The occurrence and health risks of fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) in bottled water were reported for the first time. FWA184 and FWA393 were the most frequently detected FWAs, with mean concentrations of 3.99-17.00 ng L-1. Phthalates (PAEs) such as dibutyl phthalate (DBP), di-iso-butyl phthalate (DiBP), and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) were prevalent in bottled water, with mean levels of 40.89-716.66 ng L-1, and their concentrations in bottled water were much higher than those of FWAs. FWAs and PAEs in bottles and caps were extracted using organic solvent, and the correlation analysis showed that FWA393 and DEHP most likely originated from bottles, while bottle caps were the main sources of DBP and DiBP. The calculated risk quotients (RQs) of target substances and all age groups were considerably lower than the threshold of 0.1, indicating that consuming bottled water containing these plastic additives was unlikely to pose health risks for people of all ages. However, RQ values for underage people were several times higher than those for adults and hence cannot be neglected; therefore, special attention should be paid to understand the potential risks posed by the exposure to these plastic additives during early life stages, especially the infant stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyao Guo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention Biotechnology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xiaoge Liang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention Biotechnology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Mengfei Su
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention Biotechnology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Bo Yao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention Biotechnology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China.
| | - Shuwen Yan
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yonghui Han
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention Biotechnology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Jiansheng Cui
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Pollution Prevention Biotechnology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
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5
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Abbasi F, De-la-Torre GE, KalantarHormozi MR, Schmidt TC, Dobaradaran S. A review of endocrine disrupting chemicals migration from food contact materials into beverages. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141760. [PMID: 38537710 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
A significant and pressing issue revolves around the potential human exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which pose a substantial risk primarily through contaminated beverages. However, a comprehensive review for comparison of the migration rates of EDCs into these matrixes is currently lacking. This study reviews the beverages contamination with EDCs, including phthalates (PAEs), bisphenol A (BPA), hormone-like compounds, elements, and other organic EDCs. Also, the EDCs migration into milk and other dairy products, coffee, tea, and cold beverages related to their release from contact materials, preparation components, and storage conditions are briefly summarized. The data illustrates that besides the contamination of raw materials, the presence of EDCs associated with the type of food contact materials (FCMs)and their migration rate is increased with acidity, temperature, and storage time. The highest concentration of PAEs was detected from plastic and synthetic polymer films, while BPA strongly leaches from epoxy resins and canned metal. Furthermore, the presence of elements with endocrine disrupting characteristics was confirmed in cold beverages, soft drinks, hot drink and milk. Moreover, hormone-like compounds have been found to be released from coffee preparation components. Despite the few data about the migration rate of other EDCs including UV-stabilizers, surfactants, and antibacterial compounds into beverages, their presence was reported into milk, coffee, and different beverages, especially in packed samples. Studies on the EDCs leaching have primarily focused on PAEs and BPA, while other compounds require further investigation. Regardless, the possible risk that EDCs pose to humans through beverage consumption cannot be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Abbasi
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | | | | | - Torsten C Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. ¨ 5, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. ¨ 5, Essen, 45141, Germany
| | - Sina Dobaradaran
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. ¨ 5, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitatsstr. ¨ 5, Essen, 45141, Germany; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
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6
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Guo W, Zhang Z, Zhu R, Li Z, Liu C, Xiao H, Xiao H. Pollution characteristics, sources, and health risks of phthalate esters in ambient air: A daily continuous monitoring study in the central Chinese city of Nanchang. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141564. [PMID: 38417490 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the atmospheric pollution caused by phthalate esters (PAEs) has been increasing due to the widespread use of PAE-containing materials. Existing research on atmospheric PAEs lacks long-term continuous observation and samples from cities in central China. To investigate the pollution characteristics, sources, and health risks of PAEs in the ambient air of a typical city in central China, daily PM2.5 samples were collected in Nanchang from November 2020 to October 2021. In this study, the detection and quantification of six significant PAE contaminants, namely diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), were accomplished using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The results revealed that the concentrations of DEP, DnBP, DEHP, and DnOP were relatively high. Higher temperatures promote the volatilization of PAEs, leading to an increase in the gaseous and particulate PAE concentrations in warm seasons and winter pollution scenarios. The results of principal component analysis show that PAEs mainly come from volatile products and polyvinylchloride plastics. Using positive matrix factorization analysis, it is shown that these two sources contribute 67.0% and 33.0% in atmosphere PAEs, respectively. Seasonally, the contribution of volatile products to both gaseous and particulate PAEs substantially increases during warm seasons. The residents in Nanchang exposed to PAEs have a negligible non-cancer risk and a potential low cancer risk. During the warm seasons, more PAEs are emitted into the air, which will increase the toxicity of PAEs and their impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- School of Water Resources and environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of the Causes and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Ziyue Zhang
- School of Water Resources and environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of the Causes and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Renguo Zhu
- School of Water Resources and environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of the Causes and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Zicong Li
- School of Water Resources and environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of the Causes and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- School of Water Resources and environmental Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of the Causes and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Hongwei Xiao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Huayun Xiao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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7
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Isci G. Assessment of phthalate esters in packaged fruit juices sold in the Turkish market and their implications on human health risk. Food Chem 2024; 435:137658. [PMID: 37804725 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the concentration of PAEs and conduct a risk assessment focusing on their potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects as endocrine-disrupting chemicals. In this research, a method of quantifying eight PAEs in fruit juice samples was established through the utilization of dispersive solid-phase extraction (dSPE) and Liquid Chromatography coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). While he method recoveries for the samples ranged from 92.21 % to 96.74 %, the RSDs for the eight analytes in the samples ranged from 4.22 % to 6.64 %. Additionally, LODs ranging from 0.34 to 1.88 ng/mL and LOQs ranging from 1.17 to 6.27 ng/mL were determined. Utilizing this methodology, the assessment of PAE concentrations was carried out in 48 fruit juice samples. The results showed that PAEs were detectable in the fruit juice samples, but all tested compounds remained below the specific migration limits set by the EU (30 mg/kg for BBP, 1.5 mg/kg for DEHP, 0.3 mg/kg for DBP, and 9 mg/kg for DINP and DIDP). Among the analyzed PAEs, DINP (26.94 ± 3.25 ng/mL), DEP (7.07 ± 7.59 ng/mL), and DEHP (3.48 ± 1.02 ng/mL) were found to be the most prevalent plasticizers in the fruit juices. Health risk assessments were conducted by calculating Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) values based on the consumption patterns of different age groups. The findings indicated that the values for DEHP, DINP, DEP, and DBP were all below 1, indicating negligible non-carcinogenic health risks associated with the consumption of fruit juices across all age groups. Moreover, the dietary intake levels of each PAE were found to be below the values established by the EFSA for TDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gursel Isci
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, 04100 Agri, Turkey.
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Shende N, Hippargi G, Gurjar S, Kumar AR, Rayalu S. Occurrence of phthalates in facemasks used in India and its implications for human exposure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:166-182. [PMID: 36242556 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2135691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers with additives are used in the manufacturing of face masks (FMs); hence, FMs could be a potential source of exposure to phthalic acid esters (PAEs). India stands second in the world in terms of the FMs usage since the beginning of Covid-19 pandemic. However, little is known about the PAEs content of FMs used in India. Some PAEs, such as DEHP and DBP are suspected endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs); hence, wearing FM may increase the risk of exposure to these EDCs. In this study, we collected 91 samples of FMs from eight Indian cities and analyzed for five PAEs viz. DMP, DEP, DBP, BBP, and DEHP. The PAEs contents in FMs ranged from 101.79 to 27,948.64 ng/g. The carcinogenic risk of N 95 with filter, N-95, and cloth masks was higher than the threshold levels. The findings indicate the need to control PAEs in FMs through regulatory actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Shende
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | | | - Suyog Gurjar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Asirvatham Ramesh Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sadhana Rayalu
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Kashfi FS, Mohammadi A, Rostami F, Savari A, De-la-Torre GE, Spitz J, Saeedi R, Kalantarhormozi M, Farhadi A, Dobaradaran S. Microplastics and phthalate esters release from teabags into tea drink: occurrence, human exposure, and health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:104209-104222. [PMID: 37697202 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Tea, the most common infusion worldwide, is usually sold in teabags due to the ease of usage. The increase in the use of plastic materials in the food packaging industry has led to an increase in released contaminants, such as microplastics (MPs) and phthalates (PAEs), in various food products including teabags. In this research, the abundance and features of MPs as well as PAEs concentration were investigated in 45 teabag samples of different Persian and German brands. The abundance of MPs in the Persian and German teabag samples was averagely 412.32 and 147.28 items/single teabag, respectively. Also, average PAEs levels in the Persian and German teabag samples were 2.87 and 2.37 mg/g, respectively. The predominant size category of MPs was related to 100-250 μm. Fibers and transparent were the dominant shape and color of detected MPs in teabags, respectively. Polyethylene (PE) and nylon were the most common MP polymer types. The most prominent PAEs congeners in teabag samples were diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP). Furthermore, MP exposure hazard through tea ingestion was analyzed for children and adults. DEHP showed the cancer risk (CR) for children and adults. The findings of this research indicated that high MPs and PAEs levels are released from teabags into tea drinks. Considering a daily drinking of a volume of 150 and 250 mL tea by children and adults, 486 and 810 MPs may enter their bodies, respectively. Thus, tea prepared with teabag-packed herbs may pose a significant health risk for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Kashfi
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Azam Mohammadi
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Rostami
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Arezou Savari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Gabriel E De-la-Torre
- Biodiversity, Environment, and Society Research Group, San Ignacio de Loyola University, Lima, Peru
| | - Jörg Spitz
- Akademie Für Menschliche Medizin GmbH, Krauskopfallee 27, 65388, Schlangenbad, Germany
| | - Reza Saeedi
- Workplace Health Promotion Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Health, Safety and Environment, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Akram Farhadi
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Sina Dobaradaran
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, Essen, Germany.
- Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141, Essen, Germany.
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Boostan 19 Alley, Imam Khomeini Street, 7514763448, Bushehr, Iran.
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10
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Khishdost M, Dobaradaran S, Goudarzi G, Takdastan A, Babaei AA. Contaminant occurrence, distribution and ecological risk assessment of phthalate esters in the Persian Gulf. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287504. [PMID: 37418450 PMCID: PMC10328224 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing population of the world, the presence of harmful compounds, especially phthalate esters (PAEs), are one of the important problems of environmental pollution. These compounds are known as carcinogenic compounds and Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) for humans. In this study, the occurrence of PAEs and the evaluation of its ecological risks were carried out in the Persian Gulf. Water samples were collected from two industrial sites, a rural site and an urban site. Samples were analyzed using magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) technique to measure seven PAEs including Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP), and Di-iso-butyl phthalate (DIBP). The BBP was not detected in any of the samples. The total concentration of six PAEs (Σ6PAEs) ranged from 7.23 to 23.7 μg/L, with a mean concentration of 13.7μg/L. The potential ecological risk of each target PAEs was evaluated by using the risk quotient (RQ) method in seawater samples, and the relative results declined in the sequence of DEHP >DIBP > DBP > DEP > DMP in examined water samples. DEHP had a high risk to algae, crustaceans and fish at all sites. While DMP and DEP showed lower risk for all mentioned trophic levels. The results of this study will be helpful for the implementation of effective control measures and remedial strategies for PAEs pollution in the Persian Gulf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Khishdost
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sina Dobaradaran
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gholamreza Goudarzi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Afshin Takdastan
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Babaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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11
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Khalili F, Shariatifar N, Dehghani MH, Yaghmaeian K, Nodehi RN, Yaseri M, Moazzen M. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in meat, poultry, fish and related product samples of Iran: a risk assessment study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2023; 21:215-224. [PMID: 37159744 PMCID: PMC10163182 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-023-00854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Meat, poultry, and seafood such as fish are a valuable source of protein, vitamins and minerals. Considering their high consumption in the human diet, it is necessary to study pollutants (such as PAHs) in them. This present study has focused on the PAHs level and probabilistic risk of health in meat, poultry, fish and related product samples by MSPE-GC/MS technique (magnetic solid-phase extraction with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). The maximum mean of 16 PAH was detected in smoked fish samples (222.7 ± 13.2 μg/kg) and the minimum mean of 16 PAH was detected in chicken (juje) kebab (112.9 ± 7.2 µg/kg μg/kg). The maximum mean of 4PAHs was detected in tuna fish (23.7 ± 2.4 µg/kg) and the minimum mean of 4PAHs was seen in grilled chicken and sausage samples (non-detected). Our results showed the 4PAHs and B[a]P were lower than the EU (European Union) standard levels (these standard levels were 30 and 5 μg/kg, respectively). Furthermore, the correlation among the type and concentrations of PAHs congeners was investigated through cluster analysis by heat map and principal component analysis. The 90th percentile ILCR (incremental lifetime cancer risk) of PAH compounds in fish, poultry, meat and related products samples was 3.39E-06, which was lower than the maximum acceptable level of risk (10-4). Finally, the highest ILCR was related to hamburger (4.45E-06). Therefore, there is no risk in consuming these foods in Iran, but it is necessary to monitor PAHs concentration in different types of foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Khalili
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nabi Shariatifar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Dehghani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Yaghmaeian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh Nodehi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Moazzen
- Department of Food Technology Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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In situ formation of deep eutectic solvents based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for the enrichment of trace phthalate esters in aqueous samples. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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13
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Determination of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) along with probabilistic health risk assessment in fruit juice samples in Tehran, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:44833-44844. [PMID: 36701052 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25313-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) method and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) technique were used to measure 6 PAE in fruit juice samples. The mean of total phthalic acid esters (ƩPAEs) in all samples was 3.55 ± 0.66 µg/L. The mean concentration of DEHP (bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate) in samples was 0.82 ± 0.31 µg/L, which was lower than the mentioned United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) standard level in drinking water (6 μg/L for DEHP). The pineapple juice samples (4.44 ± 0.57 µg/L) and mango juice samples (2.77 ± 0. 1 µg/L) had maximum and minimum mean levels of ƩPAEs, respectively. Also, results showed that brand B (3.76 ± 0.87 µg/L) and samples in the time of expiration date (3.64 ± 0.72 µg/L) had the highest PAE levels. The rank order Chronic Daily Intake (95%) values for adults were DEHP ([Formula: see text]) > butylbenzyl phthalates (BBP) ([Formula: see text]) > diethyl phthalate (DEP) ([Formula: see text]) and for children were DEHP ([Formula: see text]) > BBP (9.07E-04) > DEP ([Formula: see text]), which were below the tolerable daily intake (TDI) value. The noncancer risk of PAEs based on the target hazard quotient (THQ) was acceptable (< 1). The results exhibited that the Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) was below the permissible limit (< [Formula: see text]). Therefore, the risk of carcinogenicity and noncarcinogenicity of PAEs in juices does not have adverse effects on human health.
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14
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Tang M, Zhou S, Huang J, Sun L, Lu H. Stress responses of sulfate-reducing bacteria sludge upon exposure to polyethylene microplastics. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 220:118646. [PMID: 35661505 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The stress responses of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) sludge to polyethylene (PE) microplastic exposure were revealed for the first time. In this study, a lab-scale sulfate-reducing up-flow sludge bed reactor was continuously operated with different concentrations of PE microplastics in the feed (20, 100, and 500 microplastic particles (MPs)/L). Exposure to low levels of PE microplastics (i.e., 20 MPs/L) had a limited effect on SRB consortia, whereas higher levels of PE microplastics imposed apparent physiological stresses on SRB consortia. Despite this, the overall reactor performance, i.e., chemical oxygen demand removal and sulfate conversion, was less affected by prolonged exposure to PE microplastics. Moreover, as the concentration of PE microplastics increased, the SRB consortia promoted the production of extracellular polymeric substances to a greater extent, especially the secretion of proteins. As a result, protective effects against the cytotoxicity of PE microplastics were provided. Batch experiments further demonstrated that leaching additives from PE microplastics (including acetyl tri-n‑butyl citrate and bisphenol A, concentrations up to 5 μg/g sludge) exerted only a minor effect on the activity of SRB consortia. Additionally, microbial community analysis revealed active and potentially efficient sulfate reducers at different operational stages. Our results provide insight into the stress responses of SRB sludge under PE microplastic exposure and suggested that SRB consortia can gradually adapt to and resist high levels of PE microplastics. These findings may promote a better understanding of the stable operation of SRB sludge systems under specific environmental stimuli for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Sining Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jiamei Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Lianpeng Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Hui Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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15
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Khalili F, Shariatifar N, Dehghani MH, Yaghmaeian K, Nodehi RN, Yaseri M, Arabameri M. The analysis and probabilistic health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cereal products. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:31099-31109. [PMID: 35000169 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The analysis and probabilistic health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cereal products were done by using magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) method and gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC/MS). The results of method showed LOQ and LOD of PAHs compounds were 0.105-0.180 and 0.035-0.060 µg/kg, and the recorded values were 4.3-12.1 and 6.1-20.3% for repeatability and reproducibility with an estimated recovery of 94.4-103.4%. In this study, we analyzed kind of bread (Barbari, Sangak, Baguette, Taftoon, Lavash), macaroni, lasagna, and cooked rice that mean of total PAHs were 98.2, 121.7, 134.9, 166.3, 176.3, 176.2, 130.1, and 248.3 μg/kg, respectively. Further, the correlation between the type and amount of 16 PAHs with cereal products samples evaluated with multivariate principal component analysis and heat map visualization. The highest incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) was found in cooked rice (7.80E-6), while the lowest ILCR was found in Lasagna (2.35E-07). In conclusion, the PAHs content in the tested products were in low health risk ranges (1 × 10-6 < ILCR < 1 × 10-4), and all of the cereal products sold in Tehran are considered safe for consumers. Therefore, cereal products should be regularly evaluated and monitored by regulatory agencies to reduce contaminants in these high-consumption products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Khalili
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nabi Shariatifar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hadi Dehghani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Yaghmaeian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh Nodehi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Arabameri
- Food Safety Research Center (Salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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16
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Moazzen M, Shariatifar N, Arabameri M, Hosseini H, Ahmadloo M. Measurement of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Baby Food Samples in Tehran, Iran With Magnetic-Solid-Phase-Extraction and Gas-Chromatography/Mass-Spectrometry Method: A Health Risk Assessment. Front Nutr 2022; 9:833158. [PMID: 35252309 PMCID: PMC8891379 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.833158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Baby food is one of the most sensitive foods available, which is closely monitored for carcinogens. In this study, 16 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds were evaluated by using the method of magnetic-solid-phase-extraction and gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry (MSPE/GC-MS). The recovery, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) of PAH compounds were 93.4–101.6%, 0.06–1.12, and 0.18–3.38 μg/kg, respectively. The results indicated the mean of total PAHs in all samples was 3.73 ± 0.8 μg/kg, and the mean of Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was 0.29 ± 0.14 μg/kg that were lower than the USA-Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) standard level (1 μg/kg, BaP in baby foods). In addition, our results showed that mixed five cereal-based baby food had a maximum mean of ΣPAHs (5.06 ± 0.68 μg/kg) and mixed wheat and date-based baby food had a minimum mean of ΣPAHs (3.03 ± 0.41 μg/kg). The carcinogenic risk due to PAH in the tested baby foods sold in Iran was adequately low, and all examined products were safe for consumers. Therefore, it can be said that the consumption of baby foods does not pose a threat to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Moazzen
- Department of Food Technology Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nabi Shariatifar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Nabi Shariatifar
| | - Majid Arabameri
- Food Safety Research Center (salt), School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hedayat Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ahmadloo
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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17
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Zhang Z, Mei X, He Z, Xie X, Yang Y, Mei C, Xue D, Hu T, Shu M, Zhong W. Nicotine metabolism pathway in bacteria: mechanism, modification, and application. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:889-904. [PMID: 35072735 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11763-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine is a harmful pollutant mainly from the waste of tobacco factories. It is necessary to remove nicotine via high efficient strategies such as bioremediation. So far, an increasing number of nicotine degrading strains have been isolated. However, their degrading efficiency and tolerance to high content nicotine is still not high enough for application in real environment. Thus, the modification of nicotine metabolism pathway is obligated and requires comprehensive molecular insights into whole cell metabolism of nicotine degrading strains. Obviously, the development of multi-omics technology has accelerated the mechanism study on microbial degradation of nicotine and supplied more novel strategy of strains modification. So far, three pathways of nicotine degradation, pyridine pathway, pyrrolidine pathway, and the variant of pyridine and pyrrolidine pathway (VPP pathway), have been clearly identified in bacteria. Muti-omics analysis further revealed specific genome architecture, regulation mechanism, and specific genes or enzymes of three pathways, in different strains. Especially, muti-omics analysis revealed that functional modules coexisted in different genome loci and played additional roles on enhanced degradation efficiency in bacteria. Based on the above discovery, genomic editing strategy becomes more feasible to greatly improve bacterial degrading efficiency of nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeling Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Mei
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziliang He
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiya Xie
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chengyu Mei
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Xue
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Shu
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong Zhong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Nasiri SL, Azizi MH, Movahedi F, Rahimifard N, Tavakolipour H. Potential perspectives of CMC-PET/ZnO bilayer nanocomposite films to improve the shelf life of mushroom (Agaricus bisporus). JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Rezaei H, Moazzen M, Shariatifar N, Khaniki GJ, Dehghani MH, Arabameri M, Alikord M. Measurement of phthalate acid esters in non-alcoholic malt beverages by MSPE-GC/MS method in Tehran city: chemometrics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:51897-51907. [PMID: 33993444 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are compounds that are used in the bottle as the main plasticizers. Therefore, the possibility of releasing phthalate esters into beverages is very high and there is a concern to consumer health and monitoring organizations. The aim of this research was to assess the phthalic acid esters (di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP), bis(di-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and total PAEs) in bottled non-alcoholic malt beverages (n = 120) by multi-walled carbon nanotubes were magnetized with iron (MWCNT-Fe3O4) using gaschromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the highest and the lowest levels of total phthalate esters in samples were 9483.93 and 2412.50 ng/L, respectively. The mean of DEHP which has also been found to be carcinogenic in all samples was lower than 5944.73 ng/L. The highest concentration of DEHP in four samples was upper than 8957.87 ng/L. Perceived limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 13 to 30 ng/L and the limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 39 to 90 ng/L. Multivariate techniques and heat map visualization were used to assess the correlation among the type and levels of PAEs with the brand, color, product date, pH, sugar, volume, and gas pressure. Therefore, based on heat map and principal component analysis (PCA) results, the DEHP and total PAEs were the closest accessions, indicating that these variables had similar trends. Based on the results, it can be stated that due to the low average of total phthalate esters in non-alcoholic malt beverages, there is no serious health hazard of these compounds for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Rezaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Moazzen
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nabi Shariatifar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Jahed Khaniki
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Dehghani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Arabameri
- Food Safety Research Center (Salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Alikord
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Çelebi S, Yetis U, Ünlü K. A practical approach for the determination of environmental quality standards-based discharge limits: the case of Tersakan sub-basin of Yeşilırmak River in Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:38730-38748. [PMID: 33742382 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The control of point source discharges to rivers has become more significant since the establishment of environmental quality standards (EQSs). Many countries, including Turkey, have set EQS values for various contaminants. One important challenge regarding these EQSs is to reconcile the effluent limits that are technically and economically achievable with the ones that are required to accomplish the EQSs. The Tersakan sub-basin of Yeşilırmak River acquires good examples of this challenge due to the industrial and agricultural discharge activities present. In this study, a new, simplistic, and less data-driven approach is developed to facilitate this compromise and implemented for all suitable discharge points within the sub-basin. The foundation of this approach is that effluent discharges may mix and become diluted within negligibly short distances from the point of discharge where exceedance of EQSs can be permissible. The approach modularly combines different analytical solutions of the advective-dispersive mass transport equation that are applicable under different mixing conditions and estimates maximum allowable discharge concentrations of contaminants. The results of the case study in the Tersakan sub-basinindicate that none of the studied discharges need load reduction to achieve EQSs. However, in various points, tridecane, nickel, bis(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate, NH4-N, total phosphorus, and free cyanide have consumed more than 10% of their discharge quotas estimated by the mentioned approach. Therefore, for the sub-basin, these six contaminants and their corresponding two discharge points may require more attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarp Çelebi
- Environmental Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ulku Yetis
- Environmental Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kahraman Ünlü
- Environmental Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
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21
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[Research progress in the application of magnetic solid phase extraction based on carbon based magnetic materials in food analysis]. Se Pu 2021; 39:368-375. [PMID: 34227756 PMCID: PMC9404120 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2020.05038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Trace toxic substances in food pose a serious threat to human health, and need to be detected and analyzed to ensure food safety. However, there are many kinds of toxic substances in food, with small amounts and complex matrices, making it necessary to select an appropriate sample pretreatment technology for extraction and purification. There are some disadvantages to sample pretreatment methods such as solid phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction, in terms of poor selectivity, significant influence of matrix interference, large sample requirement, long extraction time, use of a large amount of harmful organic solvents, and cumbersome and time-consuming operation. Magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) combines the advantages of magnetic separation and traditional SPE technology, avoids time-consuming column loading, and can extract the target analyte efficiently. Because of its advantages, in that it has simple operation, is time-saving and fast, requires no centrifugal filtration, and is environmentally friendly, it is considered an efficient sample pretreatment technology and applied in food analysis. The adsorption capacity and selectivity of the magnetic adsorbent used in MSPE are the key factors affecting the extraction efficiency and selectivity of MSPE, and play a key role in the accuracy of the established method. Carbon-based magnetic materials are a type of new functional magnetic materials prepared by the co-precipitation of carbon-based materials (carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal-organic framework-derived carbon, or activated carbon) and magnetic materials. In order to endow carbon-based magnetic materials with the advantages of both, carbon materials and magnetic materials, while also reflecting the advantages of high specific surface area, good stability, low cost, environmental friendliness, excellent physical and chemical properties, high porosity, and high adsorption capacity, proper functional modification is needed. Carbon-based magnetic materials modified by functionalization can efficiently enrich organic and inorganic analytes with different properties, and have seen significant progress in environmental analysis, biological detection, pollution control, and other fields. In recent years, MSPE technology based on carbon-based magnetic materials has been gradually applied in food analysis and pretreatment, but its use is still in infancy and holds immense application potential. Reference to more than 50 papers published in SCI and Chinese core journals over the past four years reveals that carbon-based materials include carbon nanotubes modified by functional groups, reagents, or materials; graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide; carbon derived from a gold organic framework; activated carbon biochar; and nanodiamond. The harmful substances in food samples include esters, mycotoxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, antibiotics, alkaloids, phenols, vitamins, and antibiotics. Based on the classification of carbon-based materials, this review reveals that carbon-based magnetic materials have good preconcentration ability for harmful substances in food samples. MSPE can be combined with GC-MS, liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS), ultra-fast liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-MS/MS), ultra high performance liquid chromatography-Q-Exactive high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive HRMS), high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), gas chromatography micro-electron capture detection (GC-μECD), high performance liquid chromatography fluorescence with post-column photochemical derivatization (HPLC-PCD-FLD), and HPLC-UV to analyze food samples. These combined technologies have high accuracy and recovery. However, the synthesis methods of carbon-based magnetic materials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene, incur high energy consumption and high cost, and involve complex processes, which limit their application. Therefore, a carbon-based magnetic adsorbent with low cost, high selectivity, and high extraction efficiency was developed by further exploring functional modification with biochar as a carbon base. This is a very promising direction to develop MSPE technology utilizing biochar-based magnetic materials for food sample pretreatment. This review provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the wide application of carbon-based magnetic materials in MSPE technology for food analysis.
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Xu Z, Zhao C, Sun W, Lei W, Hu Z. An efficient and general method for the synthesis of stable isotope deuterium labeled phthalate esters. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2021; 64:378-384. [PMID: 34155672 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and general synthetic route of deuterium-labeled phthalate esters is described with high isotopic enrichment and excellent chemical purities using inexpensive and readily available o-xylene-D10 as labeled starting material. The structures and isotope-abundance were confirmed via 1 H NMR and mass spectrometry. These deuterium labeled phthalate esters can be used as analytical reference standards for the detection of plasticizer residues in soil, water, food, plastic products, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China.,Research and Development Center, Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry CO., LTD, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Zhao
- Research and Development Center, Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry CO., LTD, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Sun
- Research and Development Center, Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry CO., LTD, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Lei
- Research and Development Center, Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry CO., LTD, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuming Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
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Cheshmazar E, Arfaeinia L, Vasseghian Y, Ramavandi B, Moradi M, Hashemi SE, Asgari E, Arfaeinia H, Dragoi EN, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Phthalate acid esters in pickled vegetables packaged in polyethylene terephthalate container: Occurrence, migration, and estrogenic activity-associated risk assessment. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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24
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Seilani F, Shariatifar N, Nazmara S, Khaniki GJ, Sadighara P, Arabameri M. The analysis and probabilistic health risk assessment of acrylamide level in commercial nuggets samples marketed in Iran: effect of two different cooking methods. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:465-473. [PMID: 34150250 PMCID: PMC8172649 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00619-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of current study was to evaluate the acrylamide level in chicken, meat and shrimp nugget samples cooked in both traditional and industrial methods using "Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe" QuEChERS extraction and gas chromatography-flame-ionization detection (GC-FID). Results revealed the traditional frying method has significant effect on the increase of acrylamide compared to industrial frying method and it was also found that the different cooking temperatures and time have significant effect on increase of acrylamide formation (p < 0.05), but type of edible oils had no significant effect. The highest acrylamide level found in shrimp nuggets (27 ± 1.5 ng/g) which fried by colza oil and traditional cooking method (6 min at 220 °C), while the lowest content of acrylamide found in chicken nuggets (7.3 ± 0.1 ng/g) which fried by corn oil and industrial method (3 min at 180 °C). Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) results indicated that the trend of potential non-carcinogenic risks on THQ for children was chicken nugget (3.51E-3) > meat nugget (1.36E-3) > shrimp nugget (1.43E-4) and for adults was chicken nugget (3.49E-4) > meat nugget (1.35E-4) > shrimp nugget (1.38E-5). The health risk of acrylamide for adults and children, was considerably lower than the safe risk limits (HQ >1 and CR > 1E-4) for Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Seilani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nabi Shariatifar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Nazmara
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Jahed Khaniki
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Sadighara
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Arabameri
- Food Safety Research Center (salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Saleh F, Kheirandish F, Hosseini F, Yazdian F. Evaluation the effect of ZnO nanoparticle derived Bacillus subtilis on the expression of efflux pump genes ( AdeB AdeRS) in Acinetobacter baumannii. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:1133-1141. [PMID: 34150300 PMCID: PMC8172699 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00679-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Green approach to the nanoparticles, including metal oxides due to inevitable disadvantages of physical or chemical synthesis routes is attractive nowadays. Zink oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles play a key role in the medical and pharmaceutical fields. This research aimed to study the biologically synthesized ZnO nanoparticle using Bacillus subtilis, and evaluated its antibacterial properties. METHODS Bacillus subtilis culture in a broth nutrient environment was used, followed by adding the Zinc acetate dehydrate. Biosynthesis of the nanoparticles was confirmed by the XRD, FTIR, and SEM imaging. The antibacterial effects of NPs on the expression of AdeB efflux pump genes and the AdeRS regulator were studied; clinical species of the Acinetobacter baumannii were collected from clinical samples of Khorramabad, using the phenotypic (MIC) and the genotypic methods through real-time PCR. RESULTS X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) result showed, that all of the peaks were related to the ZnO, and no other peaks were detected; it also demonstrated nanostructure nature with crystallite size of 25-50 nm. The results indicated, that the antibacterial properties of the nanoparticle increased the AdeRS expression and decreased the AdeB expression in 40% of the A. Baumannii. In addition, there was an increase in the AdeB expression in 60% of the species, indicating an increased probability for mutation. CONCLUSION Given the desirable inhibitory effects of biosynthesized ZnO NPs on the expression of AdeB and AdeRS, which play an important role in the pharmaceutical resistance of Acinetobacter species, it seems that ZnO NPs can be used as a medication candidate in pharmaceutical industry in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Saleh
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Kheirandish
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Hosseini
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yazdian
- Faculty of New sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Wei W, Chen X, Peng L, Liu Y, Bao T, Ni BJ. The entering of polyethylene terephthalate microplastics into biological wastewater treatment system affects aerobic sludge digestion differently from their direct entering into sludge treatment system. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 190:116731. [PMID: 33310440 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The entering of the widespread polyethylene terephthalate (PET) microplastics into biological wastewater treatment system results in their retention in sewage sludge, which inevitably enters the sludge treatment system. However, all previous studies regarding the impact of microplastics on sludge treatment system were conducted by directly adding microplastics to system and focusing on anaerobic sludge digestion, although PET microplastics commonly enter into the biological wastewater treatment system first before sludge being subsequently treated. The potential impact of the microplastics on waste activated sludge (WAS) aerobic digestion is also completely missing. Therefore, herein the influences of PET microplastics with different entry paths on WAS aerobic digestion as well as the key mechanisms involved was firstly explored. Experimental results demonstrated that compared to the control test, the entering of PET microplastics to biological wastewater treatment system inhibited WAS aerobic digestion by 10.9 ± 0.1% through the decreased hydrolysis, although WAS solubilization during aerobic digestion was improved due to the change of generated WAS characteristics. In contrast, when PET microplastics was directly added to the sludge aerobic digester, there was little impact on solubilization, while the hydrolysis were inhibited seriously, thereby suppressing WAS aerobic digestion more severely by 28.9 ± 0.1%. Further investigation revealed that PET microplastics reduced the populations of key bacteria (e.g., Saprospiraceae, Chitinophagaceae and Xanthomonadaceae) involved in aerobic digestion via induced oxidative stress or/and releasing toxic chemical. This study provided a more accurate approach to assessing the real situation regarding the influences of PET microplastics on aerobic sludge digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Xueming Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Lai Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Teng Bao
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Arpna Kumari, Rajinder Kaur. Chromatographic Methods for the Determination of Phthalic Acid Esters in Different Samples. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934821010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Roudbari A, Rafiei Nazari R, Shariatifar N, Moazzen M, Abdolshahi A, Mirzamohammadi S, Madani-Tonekaboni M, Delvarianzadeh M, Arabameri M. Concentration and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in commercial tea and coffee samples marketed in Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:4827-4839. [PMID: 32949359 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the probabilistic health risk and the concentration of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in commercial tea and coffee samples. For determining the mentioned contaminants in sixty-four samples, a reliable and sensitive technique was validated and developed. The technique is established on magnetic solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (MSPE/GC-MS). The maximum mean of ƩPAHs in coffee samples was 13.75 ± 2.90 μg kg-1, while the minimum mean ƩPAHs in tea samples was 4.77 ± 1.01 μg kg-1. The mean concentration of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) in samples ranged from 0.64 to 2.07 μg kg-1 which was lower than that of standard levels (10 μg kg-1) established by the European Union (EU). The Monte Carlo simulation results showed that the actual target hazard quotient (THQ) for the adult and children was equal to 1.63E-04 and 1.67E-04, respectively; hence, non-carcinogenic health risk for consumers is negligible. The result of actual incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) was lower than the limits of safe risk (1E-4), indicating no notable possibility of cancer risk due to the digestion of tea and coffee for children and adults. Therefore, it can be concluded that the amount of contamination of popular commercial coffee and tea available in the Iranian market with PAHs is often similar to that found in other countries and was lower than the standard of EU. Thus, the processing conditions of these products must be controlled to prevent the formation of PAHs due to the suspicion of carcinogenicity and mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliakbar Roudbari
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Nabi Shariatifar
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Moazzen
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anna Abdolshahi
- Food Safety Research Center (salt), School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Solmaz Mirzamohammadi
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Vice-chancellery of food and drug, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Mehri Delvarianzadeh
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Majid Arabameri
- Vice-chancellery of food and drug, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
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Emamhadi MA, Sarafraz M, Akbari M, Thai VN, Fakhri Y, Linh NTT, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Nanomaterials for food packaging applications: A systematic review. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 146:111825. [PMID: 33096197 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology in food packaging is widely considered during the last two decades. In this regard, numerous studies have been conducted regarding applying nanomaterials such as zinc oxide, clay, silver, carbon nanotube, titanium dioxide, and copper, and copper oxide in food packaging which were summarized in the current study. The employing of nano food packaging increases the physicochemical quality of food (color, flavor, moisture content, weight, bioavailability, and texture) and reduces the microbial load by cell-membrane function, Trojan-horse, and reactive oxygen mechanisms while they improve the barrier/mechanical properties of food packaging. Although nano food packaging has many advantages for public health, the associated toxicity due to migration, especially in acidic conditions, is considerable. Further studies regarding the advantages and disadvantages of this technique are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Emamhadi
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Sarafraz
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Akbari
- Department of Eye, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Science, Rasht, Iran
| | - Van Nam Thai
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH) 475A, Dien Bien Phu, Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yadolah Fakhri
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Nguyen Thi Thuy Linh
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam; Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam.
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Liu J, Li C, Yang F, Zhao N, Lv S, Liu J, Chen L, He Z, Zhang Y, Wang S. Assessment of migration regularity of phthalates from food packaging materials. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:5738-5747. [PMID: 33133575 PMCID: PMC7590312 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) are one of the essential plastic additives which may lead to plenty of harmful effects, including reproductive toxicity, teratogenicity, and carcinogenicity. Increasing attention has been paid to the migration of plasticizer. In this article, the disposable plastic lunch boxes were taken as the research object. The result showed that dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) have been mainly found, whose content was 1.5 mg/kg and 2.4 mg/kg, respectively. The LOD was 2 ng/g, and LOQ was 6.7 ng/g. We further investigated the migration of PAEs into the simulated liquid at different temperature conditions. Then, the linear fitting performing by first-order kinetic migration model revealed that the lower the polarity of the simulated liquid, the larger the rate constant K 1 and initial release rate V 0. The higher the temperature, the bigger the K 1 and V 0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing‐Min Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and HealthSchool of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Chun‐Yang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and HealthSchool of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Fei‐er Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and HealthSchool of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Ning Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and HealthSchool of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Shi‐Wen Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and HealthSchool of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Ji‐Chao Liu
- Beijing San Yuan foods co., LTD.BeijingChina
| | - Li‐Jun Chen
- Beijing San Yuan foods co., LTD.BeijingChina
| | - Ze He
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and SafetyMinistry of EducationTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjinChina
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and HealthSchool of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and HealthSchool of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjinChina
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Zhang YT, Wei W, Sun J, Xu Q, Ni BJ. Long-Term Effects of Polyvinyl Chloride Microplastics on Anaerobic Granular Sludge for Recovering Methane from Wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:9662-9671. [PMID: 32658461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVC-MPs) are emerging contaminants affecting biological wastewater treatment processes. However, most of the previous studies mainly focused on their short-term impacts on floc sludge, with little work being conducted to explore their potential effects on more complex anaerobic granular sludge (AGS), which has been widely used for high-strength organic wastewater treatment. In this paper, the long-term effects of PVC-MPs on AGS were investigated via continuous feeding tests that are representative of real wastewater treatment processes. The results of a continuous 264 days test showed that the prolonged exposure of PVC-MPs at 15-150 MPs·L-1 significantly (p = 7.86 × 10-37, 3.44 × 10-43, and 5.29 × 10-46) inhibited the COD removal efficiency of AGS by 13.2%-35.5%, accompanied by a 11.0%-32.3% decreased production of methane and 40.3%-272.7% increased accumulation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). In addition, the PVC-MPs exposure suppressed the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), causing AGS and the inside microorganisms to lose the protection of EPS, thereby resulting in granule breakage and decreased cells viability. Aligning with the deteriorated performance, the long-term exposure of PVC-MPs reduced the total microbial populations and the relative abundances of key methanogens and acidogens. A toxicity mechanism assessment revealed that the negative impacts induced by PVC-MPs are mainly attributed to the toxic leachate and excess oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Qiuxiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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Zhang YT, Wei W, Huang QS, Wang C, Wang Y, Ni BJ. Insights into the microbial response of anaerobic granular sludge during long-term exposure to polyethylene terephthalate microplastics. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 179:115898. [PMID: 32388051 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The negative effects of ubiquitous microplastics on wastewater treatment have attracted increasing attention. However, the potential impacts of microplastics on anaerobic granular sludge (AGS) remain unknown. To fill this knowledge gap, this paper investigated the response of AGS to the exposure of model microplastics (polyethylene terephthalate (PET-MPs)) and provided insights into the mechanisms involved. The 84 days' long-term exposure experiments demonstrated that PET-MPs, at relatively low level (15 MP L-1) did not affect AGS performance during anaerobic wastewater treatment, while 75-300 MP L-1 of PET-MPs caused the decreases of COD removal efficiency and methane yields by 17.4-30.4% and 17.2-28.4%, accompanied with the 119.4-227.8% increase in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) accumulation and particle breakage. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) analysis showed that dosage-dependent tolerance of AGS to PET-MPs was attributed to the induced EPS producing protection role, but PET-MPs at higher concentrations (75-300 MP L-1) suppressed EPS generation. Correspondingly, microbial community analysis revealed that the populations of key acidogens (e.g., Levilinea sp.) and methanogens (e.g., Methanosaeta sp.) decreased after long-term exposure to PET-MPs. Assessment of the toxicity of PET-MPs revealed that the leached di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and the induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) by PET-MPs were causing toxicity towards AGS, confirmed by the increases in cell mortality and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. These results provide novel insights into the ecological risk assessment of microplastics in anaerobic wastewater treatment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Qi-Su Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) in highly acidic juice packaged in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) container: Occurrence, migration and estrogenic activity-associated risk assessment. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Li T, Song Y, Li J, Zhang M, Shi Y, Fan J. New low viscous hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents in vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of phthalate esters from food-contacted plastics. Food Chem 2020; 309:125752. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Wu Y, Zhou Q, Yuan Y, Wang H, Tong Y, Zhan Y, Sheng X, Sun Y, Zhou X. Enrichment and sensitive determination of phthalate esters in environmental water samples: A novel approach of MSPE-HPLC based on PAMAM dendrimers-functionalized magnetic-nanoparticles. Talanta 2020; 206:120213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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36
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Preparation of magnetite/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/metal-organic framework composite for dispersive magnetic micro solid phase extraction of parabens and phthalate esters from water samples and various types of cream for their determination with liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1608:460426. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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37
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Azari A, Mahmoudian MH, Niari MH, Eş I, Dehganifard E, Kiani A, Javid A, Azari H, Fakhri Y, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Rapid and efficient ultrasonic assisted adsorption of diethyl phthalate onto FeIIFe2IIIO4@GO: ANN-GA and RSM-DF modeling, isotherm, kinetic and mechanism study. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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38
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Wu Y, Li Q, Zhang X, Li Y, Li B, Liu S. Cellulose-based peptidopolysaccharides as cationic antimicrobial package films. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 128:673-680. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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39
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Multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified with iron oxide and silver nanoparticles (MWCNT-Fe3O4/Ag) as a novel adsorbent for determining PAEs in carbonated soft drinks using magnetic SPE-GC/MS method. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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40
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Huang C, Dang X, Bei R, Zhao Y, Li C, Chen Q, Wang S. Effect of SiOx layer on preventing the migration of plasticizer and antioxidant from polyethylene terephthalate films. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-019-00688-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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