1
|
Zuo TT, Liu JL, Jin HY, Chang Y, Wei F, Wei S, Kang S, Ma SC. A novel bioaccessibility-based probabilistic risks assessment of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in earthworm. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1398394. [PMID: 39027336 PMCID: PMC11254821 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1398394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Early risk assessment studies usually based on total heavy metal (loid) contents, inevitably leading to an overestimation of the health risks. In addition, inputs are represented as single-point estimates in deterministic models, leading to underestimation or overestimation of the health risks. Methods: To overcome these barriers, a novel probabilistic risk assessment strategy based on the combinational use of bioaccessibility and Monte Carlo simulation was developed to assess heavy metal (loid) associated health risks of earthworms in this study. To obtain a realistic and robust probabilistic risk assessment, heavy metal (loid) exposure duration and frequency were determined using our questionnaire data. Results: As a result, the mean gastrointestinal bioaccessibility was in the order: Cd > As > Cu > Hg. The mean hazard index (HI) values for investigated metal (loid)s were 0.65 and 0.59 for male and female, respectively, demonstrating an acceptable health risk in an average community. However, the 90th percentile of HI values was 1.87 and 1.65 for male and female, respectively. And the total non-cancer risks of heavy metal (loid) exposure exceeded the acceptable threshold for 19.9% and 17.8% of male and female, respectively. In addition, the total cancer risk (TCR) value through co-exposure to As and Cd suggested that the carcinogenic risks may be of concern for average exposure population. Sensitivity analyses revealed that the exposure frequency and bioaccessible As concentration were the dominant contributors to the total risk variance, which provided meaningful implications for environmental management. Conclusion: Altogether, the refined strategy based on bioaccessibility and Monte Carlo simulation is the first of its kind, such effort attempts to scientifically guide the rational clinic use of TCM and the improvement of population-health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Zuo
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Lin Liu
- Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Yu Jin
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Chang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wei
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuai Kang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Strieker S, Radon K, Forster F, Örnek ÖK, Wengenroth L, Schmotz W, Sonnemann F, Hoopmann M, Hepp M, Nowak D, Weinmann T, Rakete S. Biomonitoring of lead in blood of children living in a former mining area in Lower Saxony, Germany. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:29971-29978. [PMID: 38594562 PMCID: PMC11058760 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to lead substantially decreased over the past decades. However, soil of former mining areas still contains high lead levels. We therefore performed a biomonitoring study among children living in two former mining communities in Lower Saxony, Germany. In these communities, soil contains lead levels of 1000 to 30,000 mg/kg. Overall, 75 children (6-10 years of age) attending the two primary schools of the study area took part in the study. Parents completed a short questionnaire on sociodemographics, and children provided capillary whole blood samples. We analysed lead using inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometer. We compared the results to current German (20 μg/l for boys, 15 μg/l for girls) and US (35 μg/l) reference values. Potential associations between questionnaire information and lead results were tested using lead as continuous outcome and using lead dichotomized at the reference values. Finally, we analysed spatial patterns of elevated biomonitoring results. Of all children, 48% exceeded the German reference values for lead (5% expected) and 8% the US reference value (2.5% expected). Children 6-8 years of age were more likely to exceed German reference values (63%) than 9-10 year old children were (32%; pFisher = 0.01). No other questionnaire information was statistically significantly associated with biomonitoring results. Additionally, we did not find any indication of spatial clustering. In conclusion, we observed elevated blood lead levels in primary school children living in a former mining area. In the next step, exposure pathways need to be identified to implement effective public health measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Strieker
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Radon
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Forster
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Özlem Köseoglu Örnek
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany
- Department of Nursing Science, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Laura Wengenroth
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Walter Schmotz
- District of Goslar, Department of Construction & Environment-Soil Protection and Waste Monitoring, Goslar, Germany
| | - Finn Sonnemann
- District of Goslar, Department of Construction & Environment-Soil Protection and Waste Monitoring, Goslar, Germany
| | | | - Martin Hepp
- District of Goslar, Department of Public Health Services, Goslar, Germany
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Weinmann
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Rakete
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Ziemssenstr. 1, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Billmann M, Hulot C, Pauget B, Badreddine R, Papin A, Pelfrêne A. Oral bioaccessibility of PTEs in soils: A review of data, influencing factors and application in human health risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 896:165263. [PMID: 37400023 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the behavior of metal(loi)ds transported from soil to humans is critical for human health risk assessment (HHRA). In the last two decades, extensive studies have been conducted to better assess human exposure to potentially toxic elements (PTEs) by estimating their oral bioaccessibility (BAc) and quantifying the influence of different factors. This study reviews the common in vitro methods used to determine the BAc of PTEs (in particular As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Sb) under specific conditions (particularly in terms of the particle size fraction and validation status against an in vivo model). The results were compiled from soils derived from various sources and allowed the identification of the most important influencing factors of BAc (using single and multiple regression analyses), including physicochemical soil properties and the speciation of the PTEs in question. This review presents current knowledge on integrating relative bioavailability (RBA) in calculating doses from soil ingestion in the HHRA process. Depending on the jurisdiction, validated or non-validated bioaccessibility methods were used, and risks assessors applied different approaches: (i) using default assumptions (i.e., RBA of 1); (ii) considering that bioaccessibility value (BAc) accurately represents RBA (i.e., RBA equal to BAc); (iii) using regression models to convert BAc of As and Pb into RBA as proposed by the USA with the US EPA Method 1340; or (iv) applying an adjustment factor as proposed by the Netherlands and France to use BAc from UBM (Unified Barge Method) protocol. The findings from this review should help inform risk stakeholders about the uncertainties surrounding using bioaccessibility data and provide recommendations for better interpreting the results and using bioaccessibility in risk studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Billmann
- Univ. Lille, IMT Nord Europe, Univ. Artois, JUNIA, ULR 4515-LGCgE, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, 48 boulevard Vauban, F-59000 Lille, France; Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l'Énergie, 20 avenue du Grésillé BP 90406, F-49004 Angers Cedex 01, France
| | - Corinne Hulot
- Ineris, Parc technologique Alata, BP 2, F-60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | | | - Rabia Badreddine
- Ineris, Parc technologique Alata, BP 2, F-60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Arnaud Papin
- Ineris, Parc technologique Alata, BP 2, F-60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Aurélie Pelfrêne
- Univ. Lille, IMT Nord Europe, Univ. Artois, JUNIA, ULR 4515-LGCgE, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, 48 boulevard Vauban, F-59000 Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ahmed HEH, Mohammed AMA, Soylak M. A magnetic solid phase extraction procedure for Pb(II) at trace levels on magnetic Luffa@TiO 2 in food and water samples. Food Chem 2023; 428:136794. [PMID: 37421668 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel magnetic Luffa@TiO2 sorbent was synthesized and characterized by using XRD, FTIR and SEM techniques. Magnetic Luffa@TiO2 was used for solid phase extraction of Pb(II) in food and water samples prior to its flame atomic absorption spectrometric (FAAS) detection. The analytical parameters such as pH, adsorbent quantity, type and volume of eluent, and foreign ions were optimized. Analytical features such as the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) of Pb(II) are 0.04 μg L-1 and 0.13 μg L-1 for liquid samples and 0.159 ng/g and 0.529 ng/g for solid samples, respectively. The preconcentration factor (PF) and relative standard deviation (RSD%) were found 50, and 4 % respectively. The method was validated by using three certified reference materials (NIST SRM 1577b bovine liver, TMDA-53.3 and TMDA-64.3fortified water). The presented method was applied to lead contents of some food and natural water samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Elzain Hassan Ahmed
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Technology Research & Application Center (ERU-TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Sudan Atomic Energy Commission (SAEC) - Chemistry and Nuclear Physics Institute, Khartoum, Sudan; Sudan University of Science and Technology (SUST) - College of Science-Scientific Laboratories Department, Chemistry Section, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ali Mohammednour Ali Mohammed
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Technology Research & Application Center (ERU-TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Kassala University, Faculty of Education, Department of Chemistry, Kassala, Sudan
| | - Mustafa Soylak
- Erciyes University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Technology Research & Application Center (ERU-TAUM), Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Bayraktar Mahallesi, Vedat Dalokay Caddesi No: 112, 06670 Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu S, Liu Y, Shang L, Zhou W, Li Y, Sun J, Li J, Long H, Ning Z, Liu C. Recycling of phosphate tailings for an efficient hydroxyapatite-based adsorbent to immobilize heavy metal cations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27544-7. [PMID: 37166727 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is a promising adsorbent for immobilizing heavy metals in soil and water. However, the preparation and modification of HAP from pure chemicals increases its cost and limits its large-scale practical application. In this study, a hydroxyapatite-based adsorbent (HAPPT) was prepared from phosphate tailing produced in the phosphorus industry to sequester Pb, Cd and Zn from solution. The results showed that HAPPT was composed of HAP and MgO, with a surface area of 27.74 m2/g. The kinetics studies showed that most Pb and Cd were removed from the initial solution in 4 h and the adsorption of Zn increased with increasing contact time. Metals presented higher adsorption capacities at 35 °C than that at 25 °C. The adsorption isotherms showed that HAPPT presented high adsorption capacities for Pb, Cd and Zn in mono-metal solutions. The adsorption capacity of Cd at pH 6 was higher than that at pH 3, but the adsorption for Pb and Zn was similar at both pHs. HAPPT has selectivity for Pb in Pb-Cd-Zn multi-metals solution, and competitive adsorption reduced the adsorption quantity by 53%, 93% and 79% for Pb, Cd and Zn, respectively. The combined results of TEM-EDS, XRD and XPS showed that Pb was immobilized by forming phosphates due to the dissolution of HAP, whereas Cd and Zn were immobilized by forming hydroxide precipitates resulting from the function of MgO in HAPPT. The results of this study provided an efficient adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals in solution and provided a new perspective on the recycling of phosphate tailings in the phosphorus industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yizhang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
| | - Lihai Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Wangwang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Yuyang Li
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Jianqiu Li
- Guizhou Chanhen Chemical Corporation, Fuquan, 550599, China
| | - Hui Long
- Guizhou Chanhen Chemical Corporation, Fuquan, 550599, China
| | - Zengping Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shentu J, Fang Y, Wang Y, Cui Y, Zhu M. Bioaccessibility and reliable human health risk assessment of heavy metals in typical abandoned industrial sites of southeastern China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114870. [PMID: 37037108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution caused by a large number of abandoned industrial sites cannot be underestimated, but its human health risks have not been accurately assessed. This study investigated the pollution of heavy metals in soils of the typical abandoned industrial sites in southeastern China. Based on the bioaccessibility of different heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr) in the industrial soils, the human health risks were accurately evaluated, and the controlling factors were quantitatively assessed. The results showed that the heavy metals in each typical abandoned industrial sites had a high degree of spatial heterogeneity. Among them, Cd was the most susceptible to relevant discrete input from external factors such as human activities, followed by Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni and Cu. The bioaccessible concentration of heavy metals by the physiological-based extraction test (PBET) had a good correlation (R2 = 0.58 ∼ 0.86) with its bioavailable concentration by diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) extraction. The regression model based on soil parameters had great potential to predict the bioaccessibility of heavy metals in abandoned industrial sites (R2 = 0.49 ∼ 0.95). The total concentration of heavy metals, Fe, soil texture and pH were the controlling factors of the metal bioaccessibility. Compared with the total concentration, the hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) values calculated based on gastrointestinal bioaccessibility were decreased by 39.0∼77.9% and 68.2∼79.9% in adults, and 45.3∼88.0% and 73.9∼83.5% in children, respectively. This work provides a feasible theoretical basis for reliable assessment of the human health risks of heavy metals in the abandoned industrial sites in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Shentu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yuxue Cui
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Z, Yao J, Tu C, Yang T, Sun D, Lin C. Determination of cadmium in Chinese pepper and its health implications based on bioaccessibility. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:20297-20309. [PMID: 36251180 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of cadmium (Cd) in agro-products causes major concern because of its potential dietary risks. In this study, a total of 647 pepper samples from 21 provinces in China were randomly collected according to the distribution of pepper production. Cd pollution levels in Chinses pepper and its health risks were evaluated based on bioaccessibility, which was measured by the physiologically based extraction test (PBET). The results showed that Cd concentration in all pepper ranged from 0.002 to 1.470 mg/kg, with an average of 0.222 mg/kg and a median of 0.132 mg/kg. The highest daily intake of Cd was observed in the female child group (4.037 × 10-5 mg/kg bw/day), which accounted for 4% of the maximum daily permissible dose - 0.001 mg/kg bw/day. The target hazard quotients of Cd were all lower than 1, indicating low potential non-carcinogenic health risks to residents via the consumption of pepper. Notably, carcinogenic risk values suggested potential adverse health effects to adults, while after considering the bioaccessibility of Cd in pepper (mean of 43.07%), those values had fallen under the acceptable level (1 × 10-4). This may indicate that dietary risk assessment of heavy metals in crops could not be conducted just based on their content; the bioaccessibility of metals is also an important factor for consideration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zelan Wang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jie Yao
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chenglong Tu
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Toxicity Testing Center of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Yang
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Dali Sun
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Changhu Lin
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yin Y, Wang X, Hu Y, Li F, Cheng H. Soil bacterial community structure in the habitats with different levels of heavy metal pollution at an abandoned polymetallic mine. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130063. [PMID: 36182879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution caused by mining activities can be harmful to soil microbiota, which are highly sensitive to heavy metal stress. This study aimed to investigate the response of soil bacterial communities to varying levels of heavy metal pollution in four types of habitats (i.e., tailing, remediation, natural recovery, and undisturbed areas) at an abandoned polymetallic mine by high-throughput 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, and to determine the dominant ecological processes and major factors driving the variations in bacterial community composition. The diversity and composition of bacterial communities varied significantly between soil habitats (p < 0.05). Heterogeneous selection played a crucial role in shaping the difference of bacterial community composition between distinct soil habitats. Redundancy analysis and Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the total contents of Cu and Zn were key factors causing the difference in bacterial community composition in the tailing and remediation areas, whereas bioavailable Mn and Cd, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, soil organic carbon, vegetation coverage, and plant diversity were key factors shaping the soil bacterial structure in the undisturbed and natural recovery areas. These findings provide insights into the distribution patterns of bacterial communities in soil habitats with different levels of heavy metal pollution, and the dominant ecological processes and the corresponding environmental drivers, and expand knowledge in bacterial assembly mechanisms in mining regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuanan Hu
- MOE Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fadong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hefa Cheng
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cupara N, Nikolić I, Đurović D, Milašević I, Medin D, Krivokapić S. Heavy metal assessment in agricultural soils and vegetables in the vicinity of industrial pollutants in the Pljevlja municipality (Montenegro): ecological and health risk approach. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:819. [PMID: 36136276 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to assess ecological and health risks associated with heavy metal (As, Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr) content in agricultural soils and vegetables (potato tuber, beetroot, onion bulb, carrot root) collected near the lead and zinc mine (MLZ), coal-fired power station (CFPS) and coal mine (CM) located in Pljevlja municipality (Montenegro). The ecological risk of soil was estimated using the ecological risk index (RI) and pollution load index (PLI). The health risk was evaluated through different soil exposure pathways (ingestion, inhalation, dermal contact) and vegetable consumption. The pollution indices RI and PLI indicated the highest contamination in MLZ study area followed by CM and CFPS areas. RI values revealed considerable contamination in MLZ and CM study areas, while CFPS area is moderately contaminated by heavy metals. According to PLI, soil in MLZ and CM areas is classified as polluted, while the soil in the vicinity of CFPS is classified as unpolluted. Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks through soil exposure were identified for both children and adults, in all investigated areas. Dermal contact was identified as the main contributor to carcinogenic risk. Dermal contact was also identified as the main exposure pathway for non-carcinogenic risk in MLZ area, while for CFPS and CM areas, ingestion was the main exposure route. As for vegetables, only Cu and Zn were detected in all examined vegetables. Non-cancerogenic health risk of edible vegetable consumption was found for children in all study areas, while there was no health risk for adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Cupara
- Institute of Public Health of Montenegro, Džona Džeksona bb, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro.
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro.
| | - Irena Nikolić
- Faculty of Metallurgy and Technology, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Dijana Đurović
- Institute of Public Health of Montenegro, Džona Džeksona bb, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro
- Faculty for Food Safety and Ecology, University Donja Gorica, Oktoih 1, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Ivana Milašević
- Institute of Public Health of Montenegro, Džona Džeksona bb, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Darko Medin
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Slađana Krivokapić
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Montenegro, Džordža Vašingtona bb, 81000, Podgorica, Montenegro
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma X, Xia D, Liu X, Liu H, Fan Y, Chen P, Yu Q. Application of magnetic susceptibility and heavy metal bioaccessibility to assessments of urban sandstorm contamination and health risks: Case studies from Dunhuang and Lanzhou, Northwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154801. [PMID: 35341853 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Direct ingestion of sandstorm particles is an important pathway in human exposure to heavy metals. This study investigated the potential health risks of heavy metals transported in sandstorms from Dunhuang to Lanzhou in northwestern China using environmental magnetic parameters and metal bioaccessibilities in simulated gastric and intestinal tracts. The mean magnetic susceptibility of sandstorms in Lanzhou was 366.86 × 10-8 m3/kg, which was more than 5-fold higher than that of sandstorms in Dunhuang, indicating that these sandstorms continuously receive heavy metals with high magnetic mineral content along their pathways. Heavy metal concentrations in sandstorms were higher than background values and those in urban topsoil. Enrichment factors and pollution load indices showed that these heavy metals were derived from both natural and anthropogenic sources, with Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd being strongly influenced by anthropogenic sources. The bioaccessibilities of Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb in the sandstorms of Lanzhou were very high, ranging from 22.69% (Cu) to 50.86% (Pb) for gastric phase, and 12.07% (Pb)-22.11% (Cd) for interstinal phase, with the significant reduction in χlf of the physiologically-based extraction testing (PBET) treated sandstorms. The magnetic minerals are significant correlation with the concentrations of heavy metals in sandstorm and effect the release of heavy metals during human digestion process. The overall ecological risk posed by heavy metals contained in sandstorms was relatively low; however, the risk was moderate to high at individual sites. Ingestion posed the highest carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for both adults and children, with the risk for children being higher.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dunsheng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Xinying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yijiao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peiyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zuo TT, Luo FY, He HZ, Jin HY, Sun L, Xing SX, Li B, Gao F, Ma SC, He LC. Novel bioavailability-based risk assessment of Cd in earthworms and leeches utilizing in vitro digestion/Caco-2 and MDCK cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:26513-26523. [PMID: 34859344 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16678-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the oral bioavailability of cadmium (Cd) in earthworms and leeches was investigated through in vitro physiologically based extraction test (PBET) digestion/Caco2 and MDKC cell models. We are the first to create an innovative assessment strategy which has capacity to offer a more precise evaluation of Cd-associated health risks in traditional animal medicines (TAMs), by combinational usage of bioavailable Cd levels, the duration and frequency of the exposure to TAMs obtained by questionnaire data, as well as safety factor of TAMs. Our data showed that the percentage of bioavailability for Caco-2 cells in earthworms and leeches ranged from 3.29 to 14.17% and 4.32 to 12.61%, respectively. The percentage of bioavailability of MDCK cells in earthworms and leeches ranged from 4.83 to 15.74% and 6.53 to 15.04%, respectively. After adjusting by the bioavailability of Cd to target hazard quotient (THQ), excitingly, our findings manifested that the health risks induced by the ingestion of earthworms and leeches were acceptable in the clinic. Our key findings suggest that bioavailability characterization cannot be ruled out and health risks should be assessed on the basis of the bioavailable Cd levels rather than total levels. Our novel strategy provides insight into the bio-accumulation of Cd in organisms as well as a more realistic and accurate assessment of Cd-associated health risks in TAMs, with the main purpose of improving public health by scientifically using TAMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Fei-Ya Luo
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Huai-Zhen He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hong-Yu Jin
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shu-Xia Xing
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Bo Li
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Fei Gao
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31 Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Lang-Chong He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Contamination Levels and the Ecological and Human Health Risks of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Soil of Baoshan Area, Southwest China. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12031693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The primary goals of this study were to reveal the environmental status of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and their ecological risks, as well as their associated health risks in the Baoshan area, southwest China, which has been surveyed with the scale of 1:250,000 geochemical mapping. Based on a comparison of the PTE concentrations with the soil environmental quality of China and the enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (Cf), and potential ecological risk indexes (Eri and PERI), as well as the potential non-carcinogenic hazard indices (HI and CHI) and carcinogenic risks indices (TCR and CTCR), the following conclusions were drawn: The PTE concentrations in the surface soil samples that were collected from the investigated area (1.65% sites) exceeded the risk intervention values (RIV) for soil contamination of agricultural land of China. Cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) posed higher ecological risks than other PTEs (arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn)), which was highlighted by their toxic response factor. Arsenic was the main PTE with a non-carcinogenic risk (19.57% sites for children and 0.25% sites for adults) and the only PTE that carries a carcinogenic risk (2.67% sites for Children and 0.76% sites for adults) to humans in the research area. Children are more vulnerable to health risks when compared to adults because of their behavioral and physiological traits. Geological genesis was responsible for the high concentrations, ecological risk, and health risk distribution patterns of the examined PTEs. Even though the present research highlights several important aspects related to PTE pollution in the research area, further investigations are needed, especially in mining areas.
Collapse
|
13
|
Xu L, Dai H, Skuza L, Wei S. Comprehensive exploration of heavy metal contamination and risk assessment at two common smelter sites. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131350. [PMID: 34265711 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the horizontal, vertical and fractional distribution of heavy metals in the soil and the pollution and risk assessment of two smelter sites in Daye (a Cu smelter) and Zhuzhou (a Zn oxide smelter). Nine sampling points were reasonably established at each site, and nine soil samples were collected in each soil profile, with a total of 81 samples at each site. The results indicated that only As concentration was exceeded in most of the samples from the Daye site, and several were contaminated with multiple heavy metals, i.e. As, Cd and Pb; the values exceeding the standard were significant. Most of the samples at the Zhuzhou site were contaminated with many heavy metals, i.e. As, Cd, Pb and Ni. With increasing depth, the proportion of the acid-soluble and reducible heavy metal fraction decreased, while the proportion of the oxidized and residual fraction increased. The pollution index (PI) indicated that As at all positions, and Cd and Pb at several positions at the Daye site, as well as Cd and Pb at all points of Zhuzhou should have received more attention. The Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI) showed that a few sampling points in Daye were severely polluted, i.e. the points D5 with the value of 77.49 and the point D7 with 62.33, were more than the threshold value with 3 of severe pollution. Almost all sampling points in Zhuzhou were severely polluted, but the pollution degree was slightly lower than at Daye. The hazard index (HI) indicated the potential non-carcinogenic risk at the Daye and Zhuzhou sites. These values were unacceptable for both adults and children. The carcinogenic risk (CR) index indicated that the potential carcinogen risk due to As and Ni contamination were unacceptable at both sites, especially for children with 9.27E-03 and 1.99E-03 of As and Ni at Daye site, while 4.55E-03 and 4.09E-03 at Zhuzhou site. Strict control of industrial waste residues and smelters emissions into the soil is necessary to avoid further aggravation of heavy metal pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Huiping Dai
- College of Biological Science & Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China.
| | - Lidia Skuza
- Institute of Biology, Centre for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, 71-415, Poland
| | - Shuhe Wei
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Khan A, Naeem M, Bilal M, Khan A, Subhan F, Ikram M, Shah MIA, Ullah S, Ullah A, Ullah A. Assessing the physico-chemical parameters and some metals of underground water and associated soil in the arid and semiarid regions of Tank District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:610. [PMID: 34462828 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09370-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Good-quality water and food are the basic needs of humans, plants, and animals. Polluted groundwater and soil directly and indirectly affect organisms, which is the main environmental concern. In the current study, standard protocols of atomic absorption spectrometry were adopted for the investigation of selected metals (lead, chromium, and iron) in the collected groundwater and soil samples. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) applied to groundwater and soil samples shows a positive perfect correlation among water parameters (conductivity and total dissolved solids) in all three sources. In the hand pump samples between water table (WT) and water source depth (WSD), Pearson correlation coefficient (r) value was found (r = 0.87) while between EC and TDS, it was r = 1. Similarly, in the bore hole samples between WT and WSD (r = 0.66), EC and TDS (r = 1), EC and Cr (r = 0.70), and TDS and Cr (r = 0.70), which showed weaker correlation. In the tube well samples, correlation between EC and TDS was high (r = 1). The correlation coefficient (r) values of the soil parameters in the hand pump (soil) samples between Fe and Cr (r = 0.86), in bore hole samples between Fe and Cr (r = 0.77), in tube well samples between Fe and Cr (r = 0.69), while all the other parameter correlations were found lower (r = 0.60). Between electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids, high relation has been observed between them (r = 1). Overall, results showed that in most of the studied samples, contents of the target metals were found above the allowable limit set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asif Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, KPK, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abbas Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Fazle Subhan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, KPK, Pakistan
| | | | - Saleem Ullah
- Department of Remote Sensing Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Ullah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Atta Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, KPK, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang P, Xue J, Zhu Z. Comparison of heavy metal bioaccessibility between street dust and beach sediment: Particle size effect and environmental magnetism response. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 777:146081. [PMID: 33677293 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Direct ingestion of urban sediment particles represents an important pathway of human exposure to heavy metals. The effect of particle sizes on metal bioaccessibilities in human digestive system has not been fully understood. In this study, an in-vitro simulation experiment (PBET), along with environmental magnetic measurements, is conducted on two urban sediments (street dusts and beach sediments) with different particle sizes (Φ31.1 ± 7.36 μm for street dusts and Φ134 ± 21.1 μm for beach sediments) for the purposes of assessing the particle size effect on metal bioaccessibilities in simulated gastric and intestinal tracts, and exploring the environmental magnetism response to different digestion processes. For street dusts, the bioaccessibilities of heavy metals decrease significantly from gastric (12.1 (Cu) ~ 39.9% (Pb)) to intestinal phase (0.41 (Pb) ~ 2.08% (Cd)) due to an increase in digestive juice pH. However, for beach sediments, the metal bioaccessibilities in the intestinal phase is similar to, or even higher than, those in the gastric phase. These demonstrate that clay minerals and Fe/Mn oxides concentrated in fine particles play an important role in adsorbing and fixating heavy metals in neutral intestinal tract. Compared with those of the original samples, the χfd% values of the PBET treated street dusts decrease significantly, and the decreasing extents (Δχfd%) are positively correlated with the concentrations of the PBET extracted Fe (p < 0.05). However, a reverse trend is observed for the beach sediment samples. These findings suggest that the magnetic minerals formed during the digestion process might affect the metal bioaccessibilities in gastrointestinal tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengcong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Junhui Xue
- Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Guangzhou 510075, China
| | - Zongmin Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cossa H, Scheidegger R, Leuenberger A, Ammann P, Munguambe K, Utzinger J, Macete E, Winkler MS. Health Studies in the Context of Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1555. [PMID: 33562086 PMCID: PMC7914471 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) is an important livelihood activity in many low- and middle-income countries. It is widely acknowledged that there are a myriad of health risk and opportunities associated with ASM. However, little is known with regard to which aspects of health have been studied in ASM settings. We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed publications, using readily available electronic databases (i.e., PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) from inception to 14 July 2020. Relevant information was synthesized with an emphasis on human and environmental exposures and health effects in a context of ASM. Our search yielded 2764 records. After systematic screening, 176 health studies from 38 countries were retained for final analysis. Most of the studies (n = 155) focused on health in ASM extracting gold. While many of the studies included the collection of environmental and human samples (n = 154), only few (n = 30) investigated infectious diseases. Little attention was given to vulnerable groups, such as women of reproductive age and children. Our scoping review provides a detailed characterisation of health studies in ASM contexts. Future research in ASM settings should address health more comprehensively, including the potential spread of infectious diseases, and effects on mental health and well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hermínio Cossa
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.); (J.U.); (M.S.W.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
- Manhiça Health Research Centre, C.P. 1929 Maputo, Mozambique; (K.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Rahel Scheidegger
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, P.O. Box, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Andrea Leuenberger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.); (J.U.); (M.S.W.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Priska Ammann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.); (J.U.); (M.S.W.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Khátia Munguambe
- Manhiça Health Research Centre, C.P. 1929 Maputo, Mozambique; (K.M.); (E.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University Eduardo Mondlane, C.P. 257 Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Jürg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.); (J.U.); (M.S.W.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eusébio Macete
- Manhiça Health Research Centre, C.P. 1929 Maputo, Mozambique; (K.M.); (E.M.)
- National Directorate of Public Health, Ministry of Health, C.P. 264 Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Mirko S. Winkler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; (A.L.); (P.A.); (J.U.); (M.S.W.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Long Z, Huang Y, Zhang W, Shi Z, Yu D, Chen Y, Liu C, Wang R. Effect of different industrial activities on soil heavy metal pollution, ecological risk, and health risk. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:20. [PMID: 33389235 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08807-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Soil heavy metal (Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, V, As) concentrations in different areas were analyzed to investigate the effects of different industrial activities on heavy metal pollution status, potential ecological risk, and human health risk in Panzhihua. Our results showed that Cu and V enrichment in soil was due to ore smelting. Soil Cr accumulation was related to coal ore mining. Soil Cd, Zn, As, and Pb enrichment was attributed to high-temperature coal combustion. Under the effect of industrial activities, soils were moderately contaminated with Cd, uncontaminated to moderately contaminated with As and Zn, and uncontaminated with Cr, Cu, V, and Pb. Soil heavy metal potential ecological risk was considerable, and non-carcinogenic risks and carcinogenic risks of soil heavy metals were acceptable for adults but unacceptable for children. Thermal power generation was the dominated industrial activity that influence the soil heavy metal concentrations and environmental risks in Panzhihua, which posed considerable potential ecological risks and unacceptable heavy metal non-carcinogenic risks and As carcinogenic risk to both adults and children. This study indicates that industrial activities have great effects on heavy metal pollution, ecological risks, and health risk, and more attention should be paid to the ecological risk and health risks brought by thermal power generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Long
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangliang Shi
- Panzhihua Steel Group Mining Co., Ltd., Panzhihua, China
| | - Daming Yu
- Panzhihua Steel Group Mining Co., Ltd., Panzhihua, China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sun L, Ma SC, Zuo TT, Luo FY, Jin HY, Xing SX, Li B, Yu KZ, Kang S. Determination of the bioaccessibility of cadmium in golden thread by physiologically based extraction test digestion using the In vitro/Caco2 cell model and subsequent risk assessment. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_19_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
19
|
Tian S, Li K, Møller P, Ying SC, Wang L, Li Z, Roursgaard M, Liang T. Assessment of reactive oxygen species production and genotoxicity of rare earth mining dust: Implications for public health and mining management. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:139759. [PMID: 32569908 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mining rare earth elements (REEs) can release large amounts of metal(loid)-rich dust, which can pose significant health risks to local residents. However, compared to other types of particulates, toxicity of mining dust has been largely overlooked. To provide experimental evidence on toxicity of REE mine dust, the study assessed the oxidative stress potential and genotoxicity of inhalable particles collected in a REE mining area, and associated toxicological response with source compositions. Both source types (i.e., mine and tailing area) and distances from source (i.e., industrial and residential areas) were considered when selecting the 44 sampling sites. The particle samples contained 2.3-3.5 folds higher concentrations of tested metal(loid)s than background concentrations in soil. Specially, elevated Fe, REEs, Cd, Pb were found. In spite of low cytotoxicity in lung epithelial A549 cells, there was increased cellular ROS production by of particle exposure. Samples with higher mining-originated source contributions (Provenance Index <0.3) had higher cellular ROS production (1.72 fold, 95%CI: 1.66-1.79 fold) than samples with lower mining contributions (1.58 fold, 95%CI: 1.52-1.65 fold). The factors soil (~46%), mine (~22%), and heavy metal (~20%) sources were recognized by source apportionment analysis as the main contributors to cellular ROS production; importantly, mine and heavy metal sources counted more in industrial samples. While samples generated genotoxicity, there were no differences in DNA damage between the location groups of sampling. Collectively, the results indicate that particles in mining areas may cause ROS production and DNA damage in lung cells depending on mine dust. Coupled with the long-range transportation potential of mine dust, safety measures on open pit and dust disposal sites should be adopted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peter Møller
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Samantha C Ying
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Martin Roursgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5A, DK-1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
| | - Tao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vasques ICF, Lima FRD, Oliveira JR, de Morais EG, Pereira P, Guilherme LRG, Marques JJ. Comparison of bioaccessibility methods in spiked and field Hg-contaminated soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 254:126904. [PMID: 32957297 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Estimating bioaccessible content of mercury in soils is essential in evaluating risks that contaminated soils pose. In this study, soil samples spiked with HgCl2 through adsorption were used to test the effects of liming, soil organic matter, soil depth, and Hg concentration on the following bioaccessibility tests: dilute nitric acid at room temperature, dilute nitric acid at body temperature, Simplified Bioaccessibility Extraction Test (SBET) method, and gastric phase of the In vitro Gastrointestinal (IVG) protocol. Soil and sediment samples from Descoberto, Minas Gerais (Brazil), a city with a well-known record of Hg contamination from artisanal mining, were subjected to these bioaccessibility tests for the first time, and the different methods of estimating bioaccessible content were compared. Bioaccessible fractions in spiked samples ranged from 10% to 60%, and this high bioaccessibility was due to the highly soluble species of Hg and the short time under adsorption. In general, clay and organic matter decreased bioaccessible content. Although the soil in Descoberto is undoubtedly polluted, mercury bioaccessibility in that area is low. In general, dilute nitric acid estimated higher bioaccessible content in soil samples, whereas the SBET method estimated higher bioaccessible content in sediment samples. In multivariate analysis, two groups of bioaccessibility tests arise: one with the two nitric acid tests, and the other with SBET and the gastric phase of the IVG protocol. The addition of pepsin and glycine in the last two tests suggests a more reliable test for assessing mercury bioaccessibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabela C F Vasques
- Departamento de Solos, Avenida PH Rolfs, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Francielle R D Lima
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Avenida Dr Sylvio Menecucci, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jakeline R Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Avenida Dr Sylvio Menecucci, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Everton G de Morais
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Avenida Dr Sylvio Menecucci, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Polyana Pereira
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Avenida Dr Sylvio Menecucci, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Roberto G Guilherme
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Avenida Dr Sylvio Menecucci, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João José Marques
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Avenida Dr Sylvio Menecucci, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Seo JW, Hong YS. Comparative Evaluation of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Residents of Abandoned Metal Mines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6280. [PMID: 32872296 PMCID: PMC7503294 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study compares the heavy metal exposure levels of the population of abandoned metal mines, with high risks of environmental pollution and health effects. We used data from a two-stage abandoned metal mines survey (AMS, n = 4467). The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and the Korea National Environmental Health Survey (KNEHS) were used as general population data. Based on the sex and age distribution in the AMS, a simple random sampling was performed, so that the two datasets had the same distribution (KNHANES n = 1815, KNEHS n = 2328). Blood lead concentrations were slightly higher in the AMS than in KNEHS. Blood cadmium concentrations were similar between the two groups. However, the difference in urine cadmium concentrations was pronounced and statistically significant. Moreover, 30.6% of the AMS data for urine cadmium concentration exceeded the 95th percentile of the KNEHS data. The concentration of lead and cadmium in the residents of the abandoned metal mines, i.e., the vulnerable regions, was higher than that in the general population. It is necessary to monitor and manage the vulnerable regions via a more active and extensive survey system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-wook Seo
- Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea;
| | - Young-seoub Hong
- Environmental Health Center, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea;
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pereira WVDS, Teixeira RA, Souza ESD, Moraes ALFD, Campos WEO, Amarante CBD, Martins GC, Fernandes AR. Chemical fractionation and bioaccessibility of potentially toxic elements in area of artisanal gold mining in the Amazon. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 267:110644. [PMID: 32421675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Artisanal mining may have modified the mobility, bioavailability and bioaccessibility of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the Serra Pelada gold mine, eastern Amazon, Brazil, which has not yet been studied. The objectives were to perform chemical fractionation of barium (Ba), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn), and to determine the bioaccessibility of these elements in soils and mining wastes collected in agriculture, forest, mining, and urban areas from the influence zone of the Serra Pelada gold mine. Pseudo total concentrations were obtained by acid digestion, chemical fractionation was performed using the Bureau Community of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction, oral bioaccessibility was obtained by the Simple Bioaccessibility Extraction Test (SBET) and lung bioaccessibility was obtained through Gamble's solution. The pseudo total concentrations indicated contamination by Ba, Cu and Ni. The sequential extraction revealed the predominance of all elements in the residual fraction. However, Ba is in high concentrations in the greater mobility forms, ranging from 166.36 to 1379.58 mg kg-1. Regardless of the area, Cr and Cu are more oral bioaccessible in the intestinal phase, and Zn in the gastric phase. Ba, Cr and Zn are not lung bioaccessible, while Cu, Ni and Pb are bioaccessible via inhalation. The PTEs studied deserve attention not only due to the high pseudo total concentrations found (which indicate potential risk), but also the concentrations in high mobility forms and bioaccessible fractions, especially in the areas of greatest anthropogenic occupation.
Collapse
|
23
|
Zuo TT, Qu HR, Jin HY, Zhang L, Luo FY, Yu KZ, Gao F, Wang Q, Sun L, He HZ, Ma SC. Innovative health risk assessments of heavy metals based on bioaccessibility due to the consumption of traditional animal medicines. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:22593-22603. [PMID: 32319064 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08769-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Few studies reported the extent of heavy metal accumulation in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Currently, oral bioaccessibility of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), and copper (Cu) present in traditional animal medicines was investigated with physiologically based extraction test-extracted in vitro model. We are the first to develop a health risk assessment strategy by combinational analysis of bioaccessible heavy metal levels to calculate target hazard quotient (THQ), target hazard index (THI) and cancer risk (CR), which has capacity to evaluate the heavy metal associated heath risk of traditional animal medicines. To precisely acquire a realistic risk assessment, questionnaire data was adopted to measure the frequency and duration of the exposure to traditional animal medicines, and the safety factor was highlighted as well. Our data revealed that the bioaccessibility of Hg was the lowest among the five heavy metals. After the adjustment with the bioaccessibility of each heavy metal to target hazard index (THI) values, excitingly, the results manifested that the consumption of traditional animal medicines might not exert an unacceptable health risk in a broad community. In addition, the CR values of As and Pb indicated that the risk of developing cancers was quite lower than their acceptable levels in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Zuo
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 2 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning Xi Road, Xi'an 710049, Beijing, 100022, China
| | - Hao-Ran Qu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hong-Yu Jin
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 2 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Fei-Ya Luo
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 2 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Kun-Zi Yu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 2 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Fei Gao
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 2 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qi Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 2 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lei Sun
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 2 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning Xi Road, Xi'an 710049, Beijing, 100022, China.
| | - Huai-Zhen He
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28 Xianning Xi Road, Xi'an 710049, Beijing, 100022, China.
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 2 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ma J, Li Y, Liu Y, Wang X, Lin C, Cheng H. Metal(loid) bioaccessibility and children's health risk assessment of soil and indoor dust from rural and urban school and residential areas. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:1291-1303. [PMID: 31515640 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00415-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the oral bioaccessibility and children health risks of metal(loid)s (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in soil/indoor dust of school and households from Lanzhou, China. The simple bioaccessibility extraction test method was applied to assess bioaccessibility, and children's health risk was assessed via statistical modeling (hazard quotients, hazard index and incremental lifetime carcinogenic risk). Metal(loid) content and bioaccessibility in indoor dust samples were significantly higher than those in corresponding soil samples (p < 0.05). The order for mean values of bioaccessibility of the elements in soil was as follows: Cd (57.1%) > Zn (44.6%) > Pb (39.9%) > Cu (33.2%) > Ni (12.4%) > Cr (5.3%) > As (4.4%), while for indoor dust, the order was: As (73.0%) > Cd (68.4%) > Pb (63.3%) > Zn (60.4%) > Cu (36.5%) > Ni (25.2%) > Cr (13.6%). The Pearson correlation coefficient showed that metal(loid) bioaccessibility was in general significantly negatively correlated to the Al, Fe and Mn contents. Neither noncarcinogenic nor carcinogenic risks exceeded the tolerance interval for 3-5- and 6-9-year-old children for all elements. They both were mostly attributed to As considering metal(loid)s types and to school indoor dust considering sources. Therefore, maintaining interior sanitation would be an effective measure to reduce the potential health effects of indoor dust on children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xunrui Wang
- College of Agronomy & Resource and Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunye Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wen Y, Li W, Yang Z, Zhang Q, Ji J. Enrichment and source identification of Cd and other heavy metals in soils with high geochemical background in the karst region, Southwestern China. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 245:125620. [PMID: 31869671 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The geographical distributions of Cd and several other metals (Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cr) were characterized in 308 terra rossa samples across the Guangxi karst region. We found significant enrichments of heavy metals in the saprolites and terra rossa developed in 30 profiles, which is mainly caused by the weathering of Cd-enriched carbonate rocks, while the subsequent pedogenic processes were the dominant factor of the enrichments for Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Cr. Sequential extraction analysis indicated that geogenic Cd and Pb in terra rossa mostly distributed in the residual fractions and exhibited low mobility, whereas the amorphous Fe/Mn oxide fraction was the principal Cd-bearing phase in Cambisols. The good correlation of Fe, Al, and Ti in related bedrocks, saprolites, and terra rossa suggested that in-situ pedogenetic processes provided most of the parent materials for terra rossa. The residual accumulation during the special pedogenesis in the karst region, caused elevated Cd and Pb concentrations with increasing weathering intensity, which was indicated by chemical index of alternation (CIA). In addition, results of Pb isotopic fingerprinting confirmed that terra rossa mainly derived from insoluble residues of underlying carbonate rocks. The allochthonous input of Pb also occurred during pedogenesis, whereas the transport and deposition of non-carbonate materials (clasolite/granite derived soils) was only a minor source to Pb input in terra rossa and the anthropogenic impact seemed to be negligible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Wen
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Zhongfang Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qizuan Zhang
- Guangxi Bureau of Geology & Mineral Prospecting & Exploitation, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Junfeng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li X, Gao Y, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Zhou M, Peng L, He A, Zhang X, Yan X, Wang Y, Yu H. In vitro lung and gastrointestinal bioaccessibility of potentially toxic metals in Pb-contaminated alkaline urban soil: The role of particle size fractions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110151. [PMID: 31923754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic metals (PTMs), associated with different size particles in soil, may play an important role in adverse health effect and risk for human. The objective is to evaluate the lung and gastrointestinal bioaccessibility and risk of PTMs in Pb-contaminated alkaline urban soil depending on the particle size fractions. The size fractions of 50-250 μm, 5-50 μm, 1-5 μm, <1 μm in Pb-contaminated alkaline urban soil from Baoji Heavy Industrial Base City, NW China, were screened by Sequential Wet Sieving Separation Procedure (SWSSP) based on Stokes' Law. The concentrations of 9 potentially toxic metals (As, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in each particle size fractions were characterized by ICP-OES and ICP-MS, and the in vitro bioaccessibility dependent of size fractions were evaluated by the simulation fluids of Artificial Lysosomal Fluid (ALF) and Gamble for lung, PBET, SBET, IVG, SBRC, UBM for gastric and intestinal, respectively. Health risks were assessed considering simulated external exposure using intestinal and lung bioaccessibility. The lung and gastrointestinal bioaccessibility and exposure risks of PTMs in fine particle size (i.e. <1 μm) was higher than larger particle size fractions (i.e. 50-250 μm, 5-50 μm, 1-5 μm), however, some different variations of bioaccessibility observed the simulation fluids and time dependent. In case of single PTMs, the lung bioaccessibilities of PTMs in ALF were higher than those in Gamble fluids, most prominent in Co, Cu, Mn and Zn, while the gastrointestinal [G + I] bioaccessibility of PTMs was less than those in gastric [G], like Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn mostly. The non-carcinogenic risks of these PTMs to children via inhalation were acceptable and higher than those of adults, but reverse for carcinogenic risk. Comparatively, the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of PTMs via ingestion pathway were both higher than those for adults. Although the risks from ingestion were in acceptable range, the total carcinogenic risks for children were more than 10-4, which would bring carcinogenic risks and should be paid attention to. It was noted that the toxic metal, Co in all size fractions was the most important contributor for noncarcinogenic risks and Cr mostly for carcinogenic risks via inhalation pathway for adults and children in local areas. However, Pb was the most important contributor for noncarcinogenic risk both for adults and children via ingestion pathway relative to Co and Cr for carcinogenic risks through hand-to-mouth ingestion. Those observations demonstrated the important role that the smaller particle fractionations in Pb-contaminated alkaline soil played in both bioaccessibility and the refinement of human health-risk assessments for the inhalation and ingestion pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Li
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China.
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China
| | - Liyuan Peng
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China
| | - Ana He
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China
| | - Xiangyang Yan
- International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China; School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China
| | - Hongtao Yu
- International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062, PR China; School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Heavy Metals Distribution, Sources, and Ecological Risk Assessment in Huixian Wetland, South China. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12020431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This research has focused on the source identification, concentration, and ecological risk assessment of eight heavy metals in the largest karst wetland (Huixian) of south China. Numerous samples from superficial soil and sediment within ten representative landuse types were collected and examined, and the results were analyzed using multiple methods. Single pollution index (Pi) results were underpinned by the Geoaccumulation index (Igeo) method, in which Cd was observed as the priority pollutant with the highest contamination degree in this area. As for the most polluted landuse type, via applying Nemerow’s synthetical contamination index (PN) and Potential ecological risk index (RI), the river and rape field posed the highest ecological risks, while moderate for the rest. To quantify the drivers of the contaminants, a principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out and weathering of the watershed’s parent carbonate rocks was found to be the main possible origin, followed by anthropogenic sources induced by agricultural fertilizer. Considering the impacts of these potentially toxic elements on public health, the results of this study are essential to take preventive actions for environmental protection and sustainable development in the region.
Collapse
|
28
|
Ma J, Li Y, Liu Y, Lin C, Cheng H. Effects of soil particle size on metal bioaccessibility and health risk assessment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 186:109748. [PMID: 31606640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oral ingestion is the main exposure pathway through which humans ingest trace metals in the soil, particularly for children. Metals in different soil particle size fractions may vary in terms of concentration and properties. Urban school/kindergarten soil samples were collected from three cities: Lanzhou in northwest China, Wuhan in central China, and Shenzhen in southeast China. Soil samples were classified according to particle size (<63 μm, 63-150 μm, 150-250 μm, and 250-2000 μm) to estimate the effects of soil particle size on the total content and bioaccessibility of metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn). Based on the results, we assessed whether the standard size <150 μm (containing < 63 μm and 63-150 μm), recommended by the Technical Review Workgroup (TRW) of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and <250 μm (containing < 63 μm, 63-150 μm, and 150-250) recommended by the Bioaccessibility Research Group of Europe (BARGE), are suitable where the largest proportion adhering to hands is the finest soil (<63 μm). The results showed that different metals exhibited different relationships between soil particle size and content and between soil particle size and bioaccessibility. Pb and Zn generally exhibited the greatest bioaccessibility in the coarsest particle sizes (250-2000 μm); whereas the highest Ni bioaccessibility occurred in the finest sizes (<63 μm); the bioaccessibility of other metals did not exhibit any obvious relationships with particle size. When assessing health risks using bioaccessible metal content in the recommended soil particle size ranges (<150 μm and <250 μm) and in finer particles (<63 μm), the results for noncarcinogenic risks to children exhibited no obvious difference, while the actual carcinogenic risks may be underestimated with the use of soil particle size ranges < 150 μm and <250 μm. Therefore, when choosing an optimal particle size fraction to evaluate the health risk of oral soil ingestion, we recommend the use of the bioaccessible metal content in <63 μm soil fraction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| | - Yuqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| | - Yanzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| | - Chunye Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, HaiDian District, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Tian S, Liang T, Li K. Fine road dust contamination in a mining area presents a likely air pollution hotspot and threat to human health. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 128:201-209. [PMID: 31059915 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The road dust found in mining areas is composed of dust from multiple sources, including wind transported mineral dust from mines and tailings as well as uncovered trucks leakage. Collectively, these are then distributed via wind and traffic activity, becoming an important source of particulate matter (PM) and subsequently inhaled by pedestrians. A common practice in previous road dust risk assessments has regarded them as soil, which likely led to a significant underestimation of the actual inhaled amount. To more accurately understand the inhalation risk presented by road dust in mining areas, the study applied a detailed pollution analysis and dust dispersion model to assess the inhaled amount of road dust. Road dust samples located at different distances to the mine and tailings were collected and sieved to 10 μm (RD10). Enrichment factors (EFs) of Ce, As, Cd, and Mo exceeded 20 across most sampled sites, suggesting extreme pollution. Source analysis indicated that most of the collected RD10 had greater than half of its mass originating from the mine. To assess the risk presented by inhalation exposure to local populations, we built a method using Gaussian diffusion model and two exposure scenarios for both adults and children were considered. The level of simulated particle concentrations was comparable to that described in the literature; the inhalation of potential toxic elements (PTEs) in RD10 led to health risks for both adults and children (adult and child HI > 1, with adults CR in industrial areas >10-4). Results also indicated that a ten-fold reduction of silt load resulted in a >4-fold decrease in risk. Collectively, the results suggest that fine road dust is a potential hotspot for mineral exposure in populations living around a mine and its tailings; moreover, that effective prevention measures like road cleaning and truck regulation are urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China.
| | - Kexin Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mwandira W, Nakashima K, Kawasaki S, Ito M, Sato T, Igarashi T, Banda K, Chirwa M, Nyambe I, Nakayama S, Ishizuka M. Efficacy of biocementation of lead mine waste from the Kabwe Mine site evaluated using Pararhodobacter sp. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:15653-15664. [PMID: 30949946 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biocementation of hazardous waste is used in reducing the mobility of contaminants, but studies on evaluating its efficacy have not been well documented. Therefore, to evaluate the efficacy of this method, physicochemical factors affecting stabilized hazardous products of in situ microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) were determined. The strength and leach resistance were investigated using the bacterium Pararhodobacter sp. Pb-contaminated kiln slag (KS) and leach plant residue (LPR) collected from Kabwe, Zambia, were investigated. Biocemented KS and KS/LPR had leachate Pb concentrations below the detection limit of < 0.001 mg/L, resisted slaking, and had maximum unconfined compressive strengths of 8 MPa for KS and 4 MPa for KS/LPR. Furthermore, biocemented KS and KS/LPR exhibited lower water absorption coefficient values, which could potentially reduce the water transportation of Pb2+. The results of this study show that MICP can reduce Pb2+ mobility in mine wastes. The improved physicochemical properties of the biocemented materials, therefore, indicates that this technique is an effective tool in stabilizing hazardous mine wastes and, consequently, preventing water and soil contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Mwandira
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nakashima
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Satoru Kawasaki
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ito
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sato
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Igarashi
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Kawawa Banda
- IWRM Centre/Geology Department, School of Mines, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Meki Chirwa
- IWRM Centre/Geology Department, School of Mines, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Imasiku Nyambe
- IWRM Centre/Geology Department, School of Mines, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Shouta Nakayama
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ishizuka
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan
| |
Collapse
|