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Swain SS, Khura TK, Sahoo PK, Chobhe KA, Al-Ansari N, Kushwaha HL, Kushwaha NL, Panda KC, Lande SD, Singh C. Proportional impact prediction model of coating material on nitrate leaching of slow-release Urea Super Granules (USG) using machine learning and RSM technique. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3053. [PMID: 38321086 PMCID: PMC10847469 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
An accurate assessment of nitrate leaching is important for efficient fertiliser utilisation and groundwater pollution reduction. However, past studies could not efficiently model nitrate leaching due to utilisation of conventional algorithms. To address the issue, the current research employed advanced machine learning algorithms, viz., Support Vector Machine, Artificial Neural Network, Random Forest, M5 Tree (M5P), Reduced Error Pruning Tree (REPTree) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to predict and optimize nitrate leaching. In this study, Urea Super Granules (USG) with three different coatings were used for the experiment in the soil columns, containing 1 kg soil with fertiliser placed in between. Statistical parameters, namely correlation coefficient, Mean Absolute Error, Willmott index, Root Mean Square Error and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency were used to evaluate the performance of the ML techniques. In addition, a comparison was made in the test set among the machine learning models in which, RSM outperformed the rest of the models irrespective of coating type. Neem oil/ Acacia oil(ml): clay/sulfer (g): age (days) for minimum nitrate leaching was found to be 2.61: 1.67: 2.4 for coating of USG with bentonite clay and neem oil without heating, 2.18: 2: 1 for bentonite clay and neem oil with heating and 1.69: 1.64: 2.18 for coating USG with sulfer and acacia oil. The research would provide guidelines to researchers and policymakers to select the appropriate tool for precise prediction of nitrate leaching, which would optimise the yield and the benefit-cost ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhartha Sekhar Swain
- Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Khura
- Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Sahoo
- Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Kapil Atmaram Chobhe
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Nadhir Al-Ansari
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology, 97187, Lulea, Sweden.
| | - Hari Lal Kushwaha
- Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Nand Lal Kushwaha
- Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Kanhu Charan Panda
- Department of Soil Conservation, National PG College (Barhalganj), DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, UP, 273402, India
| | - Satish Devram Lande
- Division of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Chandu Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
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2
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Calabrese L, Piperopoulos E, Stankov Jovanović V, Nikolić J, Ćirić S, Milone C, Proverbio E. Sorption Capacity of Polydimethylsiloxane Foams Filled with Thermal-Treated Bentonite-Polydimethylsiloxane Composite Foams for Oil Spill Remediation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4818. [PMID: 37445132 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The spillage of oil causes severe and long-lasting impacts on both the environment and human life. It is crucial to carefully reconsider the methods and techniques currently employed to recover spilled oil in order to prevent any possible secondary pollution and save time. Therefore, the techniques used to recover spilled oil should be readily available, highly responsive, cost-effective, environmentally safe, and, last but not least, they should have a high sorption capacity. The use of sorbents obtained from natural materials is considered a suitable approach for dealing with oil spills because of their exceptional physical characteristics that support sustainable environmental protection strategies. This article presents a novel sorbent material, which is a composite siloxane foam filled with bentonite clay, aimed at enhancing the hydrophobic and oleophilic behavior of the material. The thermal treatment of bentonite optimizes its sorption capacity by eliminating water, and increasing the surface area, and, consequently, its interaction with oils. In particular, the maximum sorption capacity is observed in kerosene and naphtha for the bentonite clay thermally treated at 600 °C, showing an uptake at saturation of 496.8% and 520.1%, respectively. Additionally, the reusability of the composite foam is evaluated by squeezing it after reaching its saturation point to determine its sorption capacity and reusability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Calabrese
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Messina, Contra di Dio-Sant'Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Elpida Piperopoulos
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Messina, Contra di Dio-Sant'Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Vesna Stankov Jovanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Nis, Visegradska 33, 18 000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Jelena Nikolić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Nis, Visegradska 33, 18 000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Ćirić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Nis, Visegradska 33, 18 000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Candida Milone
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Messina, Contra di Dio-Sant'Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Edoardo Proverbio
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università di Messina, Contra di Dio-Sant'Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
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3
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Lv N, Li X. Phosphorus removal from wastewater using Ca-modified attapulgite: Fixed-bed column performance and breakthrough curves analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 328:116905. [PMID: 36521218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The adsorbent calcium-modified attapulgite (Ca-GAT) prepared by calcium chloride modification and high temperature treatment (700 °C) has proved to remove phosphorus in low-concentration phosphorus wastewater in batch adsorption experiments. Dynamic adsorption performance and industrial application potential still need further determination. This study explored the effects of various parameters on the dynamic phosphorus adsorption, including initial phosphate concentration (2-10 mg/L), flow rate (1-3 mL/min) and adsorption bed height (2-6 cm). Phosphorus adsorption ability improved and the breakthrough time increased with the increase of bed height, flow rate, and a decrease in initial phosphorus concentration. Breakthrough curves fitted four models, the Adams-Bohart, Thomas, Yoon-Nelson and Bed depth service time (BDST). The maximum adsorption amount determined by the Thomas model obtained 13.477 mg/g. The saturated fixed-bed column were regenerated with NaOH, NaOH + NaCl and HCl, among which 0.5 mol/L NaOH had the best regeneration effect. During the utilization of a large fixed-bed to treat the actual membrane bioreactor (MBR) effluent, the breakthrough point (0.5 mg/L) was obtained after 177 h. These results implied that Ca-GAT had an application potential for the treatment of low-concentration phosphorus wastewater (2 mg/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Lv
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou, 215009, PR China
| | - Xiufen Li
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Wuxi, 214122, PR China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou, 215009, PR China.
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4
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Musie W, Gonfa G. Thermal activation, characterization and performance evaluation of Ethiopian bentonite for sodium removal. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:998-1008. [PMID: 36853776 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bentonite is one of the clay materials that have important characteristics and is applicable to construction and for different industrial uses. Treatment of this material to enhance some of its physicochemical properties to suit the desired applicability has been a focus research area. In this work, natural bentonite from Warseisso, Afar region, Ethiopia was activated with thermal treatment. The raw and treated bentonites were then characterized using SEM, FTIR, XRD, BET, and cation exchange capacity. The effects of activation parameters (time and temperature) on its physiochemical properties and its performance for the removal of sodium ions from water were investigated. Bentonite activated for 6 h at 300 °C showed a maximum specific surface area of 81.74 m2/g while the raw one showed 57.6 m2/g. However, the cation exchange capacity value of the raw bentonite was found to be 82.1 meq/100 g while the value was reduced to 67.2 meq/100 g for treated bentonite with high specific surface area. To check the performance of the activated bentonite for desalination application, batch adsorption of sodium from synthetically produced sodium chloride solution was made. A sodium removal performance of 10% was achieved with treated bentonite at the maximum specific surface area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wondimu Musie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, 16417 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia E-mail:
| | - Girma Gonfa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, 16417 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia E-mail: ; Biotechnology and Bioprocess Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, 16417 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Nanotechnology Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, 16417 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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5
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Fu C, Li Y, Zuo Y, Li B, Liu C, Liu D, Fu Y, Yin Y. Fabrication of lanthanum/chitosan co-modified bentonite and phosphorus removal mechanism from low-concentration landscape water. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:1017-1033. [PMID: 36358043 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
It is essential to solve the problem of phosphorus pollution in urban landscape water and reduce the degree of eutrophication. In this paper, lanthanum-modified bentonite (La-B) was prepared by high-temperature calcination and liquid-phase precipitation. Then La-B was modified with chitosan to prepare a low-cost environment-friendly functional material: lanthanum/chitosan co-modified bentonite (La-BC). It can reach the adsorption equilibrium within 30 min, and the maximum adsorption capacity is 15.5 mg/g (initial phosphate concentration 50 mg/L); when the target concentration is 2 mg/L, the removal rate can reach 98.5%. La-BC has a stronger anti-interference ability to common coexisting anions SO42-, HCO3-, NO3- and Cl- in the urban landscape water body. La-BC has excellent performance in weakly acidic to neutral water, and its pH applicable range has been improved, making it possible to apply in practical water. The fitting results show that the adsorption behavior conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich model. After 5 regenerations, the removal efficiency remained around 80%. In the actual water test results, the phosphate concentration can be controlled below 0.1 mg/L and the removal rate is above 75%. Due to its low cost and reusability, it has great potential in the practical application of phosphate removal from landscape water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbin Fu
- School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China E-mail:
| | - Ye Li
- School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China E-mail:
| | - Yangyang Zuo
- School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China E-mail:
| | - Bolin Li
- School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China E-mail:
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China E-mail:
| | - Dongxue Liu
- School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China E-mail:
| | - Yan Fu
- School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China E-mail:
| | - Yixin Yin
- School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China E-mail:
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6
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Aprianti N, Faizal M, Said M, Nasir S. H 2 -rich syngas production by sorption enhanced steam gasification of palm empty fruit bunch. CR CHIM 2022. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Witek-Krowiak A, Gorazda K, Szopa D, Trzaska K, Moustakas K, Chojnacka K. Phosphorus recovery from wastewater and bio-based waste: an overview. Bioengineered 2022; 13:13474-13506. [PMID: 36700471 PMCID: PMC9275867 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2077894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus is one of the most important macronutrients needed for the growth of plants. The fertilizer production market uses 80% of natural, non-renewable phosphorus resources in the form of phosphate rock. The depletion of those deposits forces a search for other alternatives, including biological waste. This review aims to indicate the most important ways to recover phosphorus from biowaste, with particular emphasis on wastewater, sewage sludge, manure, slaughter or food waste. A comparison of utilized methods and directions for future research based on the latest research is presented. Combining biological, chemical, and physical methods with thermal treatment appears to be the most effective way for the treatment of wastewater sludge in terms of phosphorus recovery. Hydrothermal, thermochemical, and adsorption on thermally treated adsorbents are characterized by a high phosphorus recovery rate (over 95%). For animal by-products and other biological waste, chemical methods seems to be the most optimal solution with a recovery rate over 96%. Due to its large volume and relatively low phosphorus content, wastewater is a resource that requires additional treatment to recover the highest possible amount of phosphorus. Pretreatment of wastewater with combined methods seems to be a possible way to improve phosphorus recovery. A compressive evaluation of combined methods is crucial for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Witek-Krowiak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gorazda
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
| | - Daniel Szopa
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland,CONTACT Daniel Szopa Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, Wrocław50-372, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Trzaska
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Chojnacka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
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8
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Sun P, Huang X, Xing Y, Dong W, Yu J, Bai J, Duan W. Immobilization of Ochrobactrum sp. on Biochar/Clay Composite Particle: Optimization of Preparation and Performance for Nitrogen Removal. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:838836. [PMID: 35308393 PMCID: PMC8924668 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.838836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to prepare biochar/clay composite particle (BCCP) as carrier to immobilize Ochrobactrum sp. to degrade ammonia nitrogen (NH4 +-N), and the effects of calcined program and immobilizing material were investigated. Results reflected that the parameters were as follows: calcined temperature 400°C, heating rate 20°C min-1, and holding time 2 h, and the adsorption capacity could reach 0.492 mg g-1. Sodium alginate/polyvinyl alcohol, as embedding material, jointed with NH4 +-N adsorption process and then degraded by Ochrobactrum sp. with 79.39% degradation efficiency at 168 h. Immobilizing Ochrobactrum sp. could protect strain from high salt concentration to achieve the exceeding degradation efficiency than free bacteria, but could not block the impact of low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Sun
- Ministry of Natural Resources, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Beihai, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai, China.,Guangxi Beibu Gulf Key Laboratory of Marine Resources, Environment and Sustainable Development, Beihai, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yixiao Xing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenlong Dong
- Shandong Marine Forecast and Hazard Mitigation Service, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianghua Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Bai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Weiyan Duan
- Ocean College of Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, China
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9
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Li Q, Zhang J, Gao J, Huang Z, Zhou H, Duan H, Zhang Z. Preparation of a novel non-burning polyaluminum chloride residue(PACR) compound filler and its phosphate removal mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:1532-1545. [PMID: 34355321 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As an inevitable industrial by-product, polyaluminum chloride residue (PACR) will cause serious harm to the environment if directly buried and dumped. The aim of this paper was searched a new economical, environmental, and practical way of utilization for PACR. In this paper, a novel non-burning PACR compound filler was made from mainly PACR. The prepared compound filler has excellent physical properties and phosphate adsorption efficiency of up to 99.9%. Static adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption process of phosphorus by the compound filler conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and intra-particle diffusion model. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models described the phosphorus adsorption process well, and the maximum phosphate adsorption capacity arrived at 42.55 mg/g. The phosphate adsorption by the compound filler is a spontaneous endothermic process. The main mechanisms are ligand exchange and Lewis acid-base interactions; calcium and aluminum play important roles in the adsorption of phosphorus by the compound filler. Dynamic column experiments showed that as much as 90% of the phosphorus removal by compound filler, and the phosphorus concentration decreased from 1 to ~0.1mg/L. The results provide a new waste resource utilization method for PACR and show the good application potential of prepared compound filler in constructed wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jingshen Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jingqing Gao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Huang
- School of Water Conservancy and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Haoxin Zhou
- School of Water Conservancy and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Haoyu Duan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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Lakshmi D, Akhil D, Kartik A, Gopinath KP, Arun J, Bhatnagar A, Rinklebe J, Kim W, Muthusamy G. Artificial intelligence (AI) applications in adsorption of heavy metals using modified biochar. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149623. [PMID: 34425447 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The process of removal of heavy metals is important due to their toxic effects on living organisms and undesirable anthropogenic effects. Conventional methods possess many irreconcilable disadvantages pertaining to cost and efficiency. As a result, the usage of biochar, which is produced as a by-product of biomass pyrolysis, has gained sizable traction in recent times for the removal of heavy metals. This review elucidates some widely recognized harmful heavy metals and their removal using biochar. It also highlights and compares the variety of feedstock available for preparation of biochar, pyrolysis variables involved and efficiency of biochar. Various adsorption kinetics and isotherms are also discussed along with the process of desorption to recycle biochar for reuse as adsorbent. Furthermore, this review elucidates the advancements in remediation of heavy metals using biochar by emphasizing the importance and advantages in the usage of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) for the optimization of adsorption variables and biochar feedstock properties. The usage of AI and ML is cost and time-effective and allows an interdisciplinary approach to remove heavy metals by biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Lakshmi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dilipkumar Akhil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ashokkumar Kartik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110 Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayaseelan Arun
- Centre for Waste Management, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, Sammonkatu 12, FI-50130 Mikkeli, Finland
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Govarthanan Muthusamy
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Zamparas M, Kyriakopoulos GL, Drosos M, Kapsalis VC. Phosphate and Ammonium Removal from Wastewaters Using Natural-Based Innovative Bentonites Impacting on Resource Recovery and Circular Economy. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216684. [PMID: 34771093 PMCID: PMC8587198 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The research objective of the study is the estimation of a novel low-cost composite material f-MB (Fe-modified bentonite) as a P and N adsorbent from wastewaters. Τhe present study aimed at examining the phosphate and ammonium removal efficiency from different types of wastewater using f-MB, by conducting bench-scale batch experiments to investigate its equilibrium characteristics and kinetics. The SEM analysis revealed that the platelets of bentonite in f-MB do not form normal bentonite sheets, but they have been restructured in a more compact formation with a great porosity. Regarding the sorption efficiencies (Qm), the maximum phosphate sorption efficiencies (Qm) calculated using the Langmuir model were 24.54, 25.09, 26.13, 24.28, and 23.21 mg/g, respectively, for a pH range of 5 to 9. In addition, the maximum NH4+-N adsorption capacities (Qm) calculated from the Langmuir model were 131.8, 145.7, 168.5, 156.7, and 159.6 mg/g, respectively, for a pH range from 5 to 9. Another important finding of this study is that f-MB can recover P from treated wastewater impacting on resource recovery and circular economy (CE). The modified clay f-MB performed the phosphate and ammonium recovery rates of 80% and 78.5%, respectively. Finally, f-MB can slowly release the largest proportion of phosphate and ammonium ions for a long time, thus extending the application of the f-MB material as a slow-release fertilizer and soil improver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miltiadis Zamparas
- School of Science and Technology, Hellenic Open University, Parodos Aristotelous 18, 26335 Patras, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-261-302-0953
| | - Grigorios L. Kyriakopoulos
- Photometry Laboratory, Electric Power Division, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece;
| | - Marios Drosos
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture (IREEA), Faculty of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Vasilis C. Kapsalis
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Industrial Management and Operations Research Sector, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou Street, 15780 Athens, Greece;
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12
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Do QC, Ko SO, Jang A, Kim Y, Kang S. Incorporation of iron (oxyhydr)oxide nanoparticles with expanded graphite for phosphorus removal and recovery from aqueous solutions. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 259:127395. [PMID: 32623200 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, iron (oxyhydr)oxide nanoparticle-doped expanded graphite (IO/EG-1 and IO/EG-2) was prepared via a hydrothermal reaction and applied for the phosphorus adsorption in the aqueous solutions. The analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) verified the successful fabrication of IO/EGs, and iron (oxyhydr)oxide nanoparticles became more crystalized according to the calcination at high temperature (IO/EG-2). The maximum adsorption capacity of IO/EG-1 was considerably higher (7.30 mg/g) than that of IO/EG-2 (0.70 mg/g) mainly due to the electrostatic interaction between the negatively charged phosphate ions with iron (oxyhydr)oxides. At the neutral pH, IO/EG-1 exhibited more positively charged than IO/EG-2, which the iso-electric points (IEP) were pH of 9.1 and 6.0, respectively. The thermodynamic study also suggested that the phosphorus adsorption energy of IO/EG-1was considerably favorable (-12.13 kJ/mol) than that of IO/EG-2 (-7.43 kJ/mol). The regeneration of IO/EG-1 were efficiently achieved by a simple extraction using an alkaline solution such as NaOH. Overall, our study suggested that the prepared IO/EGs could be used as good adsorbents for the phosphorus recovery from aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quoc Cuong Do
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seok-Oh Ko
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University (KHU), Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea.
| | - Am Jang
- Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yuri Kim
- EB-TECH Co., Ltd. 170-9 Techno 2-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34028, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seoktae Kang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Leite ST, do Nascimento FH, Masini JC. Fe(III)-polyhydroxy cations supported onto K10 montmorillonite for removal of phosphate from waters. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03868. [PMID: 32373749 PMCID: PMC7195538 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Since phosphate is strongly related to eutrophication of environmental waters, several research groups quest for materials that can efficiently remove phosphate from wastewaters before it contaminates lakes and reservoirs. In the present work, a commercial clay mineral (K10 montmorillonite) modified with Fe3+ polyhydroxy cations was investigated as an adsorbent for phosphate. The incorporation of the polycations did not alter the main conformational characteristics of the montmorillonite, as verified by specific surface area measurements, X-ray diffractometry, FTIR, electron microscopy, and zeta potential titrations. On the other hand, the materials supporting Fe3+ polyhydroxy cations exhibited a significant enhancement of adsorption capacity, as determined by Langmuir-Freundlich isotherms, from 39 ± 2 to 104 ± 15 μmol g−1. The different ratios of OH− to Fe3+ did not affect the adsorption capacities. The adsorption kinetics was best described by the pseudo 2nd order model, approaching the equilibrium after 120 min of contact time. A variation of pH between 4.6 and 8.5 did not affect the adsorption percentages. The adsorption capacities increased with the increase of the ionic strength, thus suggesting that the formation of inner-sphere complexes prevails over electrostatic interactions as the adsorption mechanism. The materials removed phosphate from three polluted water samples having phosphate concentrations between 0.0919 and 1.211 mg L−1. The remaining phosphate concentration was below the limit of quantification of the analytical method (0.063 mg L−1 in P, or 2.0 μmol L−1). The presence of 10 mg L−1 humic of fulvic acid did not affect the performance of the materials. In conclusion, the modification of clay minerals with Fe3+ polyhydroxy cations is useful in producing low-cost adsorbents for phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samara T Leite
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando H do Nascimento
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jorge C Masini
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Ramola S, Belwal T, Li CJ, Wang YY, Lu HH, Yang SM, Zhou CH. Improved lead removal from aqueous solution using novel porous bentonite - and calcite-biochar composite. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 709:136171. [PMID: 31905582 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar-mineral (bentonite/calcite) composite (BC-CM) prepared at different temperatures were tested under varied conditions for effective removal of lead (Pb) from aqueous solution. With increasing pyrolysis temperature, increased surface area, pore volume, bentonite decomposition and less or no decomposition of calcite occurred. Bentonite-biochar (BCS) and calcite-biochar (CCS) prepared at 700 °C were found most suitable for efficient removal of Pb (99.9%). Bentonite and calcite acted as catalyst and contributed to changes in yield, pH, texture, functional groups, minerals and carbonization that facilitated efficient Pb removal by BCS 700 and CCS 700. Pb concentration, pH, dose of BCS and CCS, and contact time were further optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) for maximizing removal percentage (R%) of Pb and adsorption capacity (qt). Both BCS 700 and CCS 700 showed similar effects (positive/negative) of factors on R% and qt. Under optimized conditions, 0.21 g of BCS 700 effectively removed 99.2% of 431 mg/L in 3.6 h at solution pH of 4.2, while 0.07 g CCS 700 removed 97.06% of 232 mg/L in 3.5 h at 5.5 pH. Removal of Pb onto both BCS and CCS was by monolayer adsorption with maximum adsorption capacity of 500 mg/g. Rapid Pb removal was observed within 2 h of contact time (CCS 700 > BCS 700) and equilibrium was achieved within 10 h. BCS 700 followed first order and CCS 700 followed second order kinetic model. Electrostatic attraction between Pb ions and mineral groups present in BCS 700 and CCS 700 also played important role in Pb removal. This study clearly demonstrated that composite of biochar with bentonite or calcite under optimized conditions significantly improved Pb removal and adsorption capacity that can be further utilized for larger scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Ramola
- Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Qing Yang Institute for Industrial Minerals, You Hua, Qing Yang 242804, An Hui, China
| | - Tarun Belwal
- Zhejiang University, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Processing, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Cun Jun Li
- Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Qing Yang Institute for Industrial Minerals, You Hua, Qing Yang 242804, An Hui, China
| | - Yu Ying Wang
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Engineering Research Center of Biochar of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Hao Hao Lu
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Engineering Research Center of Biochar of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Sheng Mao Yang
- Institute of Environment, Resource, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; Engineering Research Center of Biochar of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Chun Hui Zhou
- Research Group for Advanced Materials & Sustainable Catalysis (AMSC), State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Qing Yang Institute for Industrial Minerals, You Hua, Qing Yang 242804, An Hui, China.
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Maged A, Iqbal J, Kharbish S, Ismael IS, Bhatnagar A. Tuning tetracycline removal from aqueous solution onto activated 2:1 layered clay mineral: Characterization, sorption and mechanistic studies. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121320. [PMID: 31610346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Water pollution due to emerging contaminants (especially pharmaceuticals) is a major environmental threat which results in the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria/resistance genes in the aquatic environment. Therefore, robust and cost-effective methods are required to address this problem. In this study, thermal activation was opted for the modification of natural bentonite clay (BC) and utilized to investigate the adsorptive removal of tetracycline (TC) from aqueous solution. The physicochemical surface properties of the raw and modified bentonite samples were also investigated. The BET analysis revealed that the thermally activated bentonite (TB) has better properties than BC. The surface area of TB was found to be more than two-fold higher compared to that of BC. The FTIR spectra exhibited the existence of AlOH, SiO and SiOSi functional groups in the samples, confirming the presence of hydrated aluminosilicate in the clay. The effects of various operating parameters were analyzed via optimization studies. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity estimated by Langmuir model was found to be 156.7 and 388.1 mg g-1 for BC and TB, respectively. Furthermore, fixed-bed column studies were performed to get insights into the adsorption behavior of TB in a dynamic system. The mechanism of TC adsorption by TB was successfully explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Maged
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland; Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, El Salam City, P.O. Box 43518, Suez Governorate, Egypt.
| | - Jibran Iqbal
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, P.O. Box 144534, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sherif Kharbish
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, El Salam City, P.O. Box 43518, Suez Governorate, Egypt
| | - Ismael Sayed Ismael
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, El Salam City, P.O. Box 43518, Suez Governorate, Egypt
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
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Yasipourtehrani S, Strezov V, Evans T. Investigation of Phosphate Removal Capability of Blast Furnace Slag in Wastewater Treatment. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7498. [PMID: 31097755 PMCID: PMC6522488 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43896-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Blast Furnace Slag (BFS) is a by-product of iron making with a potential to be used in different applications. In this research, BFS is used to investigate the phosphate removal ability in wastewater. BFS has the required concentrations of surface calcium to potentially precipitate phosphate from wastewater. Removal of phosphate from wastewater depends on variety of conditions, such as the size of BFS particles, adsorbent dose, contact time and pH. The conditions responsible for phosphate removal from wastewater with BFS were analysed and the phosphate removal capacity optimised according to the BFS chemical content. The results in this work demonstrated that the basicity (CaO/SiO2) of BFS has a reverse effect on phosphate removal capacity. High basicity reduces the capability of BFS for removal of phosphate. BFS composition before and after phosphate removal was determined with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transfer Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results revealed that the slag samples added varying concentrations of trace metals Al, Cd, Co and Hg into the treated water, which will need to be further conditioned by dilution with unpolluted water or other treatments before disposal or re-use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Yasipourtehrani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Vladimir Strezov
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Tim Evans
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Macquarie, NSW, 2109, Australia
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