1
|
Du L, Li X, Lu X, Guo Y. The synthesis strategies of covalent organic frameworks and advances in their application for adsorption of heavy metal and radionuclide. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 939:173478. [PMID: 38815828 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a novel type of porous materials, with unique properties, such as large specific surface areas, high porosity, pronounced crystallinity, tunable pore sizes, and easy functionalization, and thus have received considerable attention in recent years. COFs play an essential role in the catalytic degradation, adsorption, and separation of heavy metals, radionuclides. In recent years, considering several outstanding characteristics of COFs, including their good thermal/chemical stability, high crystallinity, and remarkable adsorption capacity, they have been widely used in the removal of various environment pollutants. This review primarily discusses the synthesis strategies of COFs along with their diverse synthesis methods, and provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of recent research advances in the use of COFs for removing heavy metal ions and radionuclides from water bodies. Additionally, the adsorption mechanism of COFs with regard to metal ions was determined by analyzing the structural characteristics of COFs. Finally, the future research directions on COFs adsorb rare earth element was discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Du
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicines of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicines of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicines of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Yong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicines of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qian S, Xu F, Wang M, Zhang M, Ding S, Jin G, Zhang X, Cheng W, Wang L, Zhu Y, Wang W, Ofosuhemaa P, Wang T, Lin X, Zhu Y, Lv Y, Hu A, Yang W, He G, Zhao Q. Association analyses between urinary concentrations of multiple trace elements and gastric precancerous lesions and gastric cancer in Anhui province, eastern China. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1423286. [PMID: 39220462 PMCID: PMC11363071 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1423286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Limited epidemiological evidence suggests that exposure to trace elements adversely impacts the development of gastric precancerous lesions (GPL) and gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to estimate the association of individual urinary exposure to multiple elements with GPL and GC. Methods A case-control investigation was conducted in Anhui Province from March 2021 to December 2022. A total of 528 subjects (randomly sampled from 1,020 patients with GPL, 200 patients with GC, and 762 normal controls) were included in our study. Urinary levels of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), strontium (Sr), and Cesium (Cs) were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Four different statistical approaches were employed to explore the risk of GPL and GC with mixed exposure, including multivariate logistic regression, weighted quantile regression (WQS), quantile g-computation (Qgcomp), and the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model. Results The WQS model indicated that urinary exposure to a mixture of elements is positively correlated with both GPL and GC, with ORs for the mixture exposure of 1.34 (95% CI: 1.34-1.61) for GPL and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.27-1.50) for GC. The Qgcomp and BKMR models also demonstrated a statistically significant positive correlation between the mixture and both GPL and GC. Conclusion Considering the limitations of case-control studies, future prospective studies are warranted to elucidate the combined effects and mechanisms of trace elements exposure on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Qian
- Department of Pathology, Lujiang County People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shaopeng Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guoqing Jin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wenli Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuting Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wuqi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Princess Ofosuhemaa
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yaning Lv
- Technology Center of Hefei Customs, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Anla Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wanshui Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihong Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vagnoni G, Bortolotti E, Checchi S, Saieva C, Berti G, Doccioli C, Caini S. Lead (Pb) in biological samples in association with cancer risk and mortality: A systematic literature review. Cancer Epidemiol 2024:102630. [PMID: 39097499 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal and pervasive environmental contaminant, and a class 2 A carcinogen according to the IARC classification, yet its link with cancer at several body sites remains uncertain. Here, we aimed at summarizing the scientific evidence regarding its association with cancer risk and mortality, focusing on studies that carried out Pb measurements in biological samples. METHODS We reviewed articles published in PubMed and EMBASE until January 2nd, 2024, that quantified the epidemiological association between Pb measured in blood, urine, nails, and other biological media, and cancer risk and mortality (overall and by cancer site/type). RESULTS We included 46 articles (out of 8022 screened) published in 1995-2023 and reporting on investigations conducted in fifteen countries. In terms of design, 20 were prospective, 24 were retrospective case-control studies, and 2 were cross-sectional. Pb levels were determined in blood in the majority of studies (n=28). The most consistent evidence was for the association of Pb with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the oesophagus, stomach (RR ranging from 0.80 to 2.66), colon-rectum, and pancreas; and of the bladder and urinary tract (RR from 1.10 to 2.89). For other specific malignancies, the data were conflicting or too limited to draw reliable conclusions. Finally, increased Pb concentration in blood and urine was consistently associated with higher overall cancer incidence and mortality. CONCLUSIONS Lead is a widespread and highly persistent environmental pollutant associated with cancer at multiple body sites. Comprehensive primary prevention interventions aiming at reducing opportunities for Pb exposure need to be continuously promoted and implemented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Vagnoni
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Emma Bortolotti
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Saverio Checchi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Postgraduate School in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Calogero Saieva
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanna Berti
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Doccioli
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Saverio Caini
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li L, Jiang M, Wang W, Cao X, Ma Q, Han J, Liu Z, Huang Y, Chen Y. DNA demethylase TET2-mediated reduction of HADHB expression contributes to cadmium-induced malignant progression of colorectal cancer. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116579. [PMID: 38865940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to the cadmium (Cd) has been shown to be a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, but the exact mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that chronic Cd (3 μM) exposure promoted the proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasion of CRC cells in vitro, as well as lung metastasis in vivo. RNA-seq and TCGA-COAD datasets revealed that decreased hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunit beta (HADHB) expression may be a crucial factor in Cd-induced CRC progression. Further analysis using qRT-PCR and tissue microarrays from CRC patients showed that HADHB expression was significantly reduced in CRC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, and low HADHB expression was associated with adverse clinical features and poor overall survival, either directly or through TNM stage. Furthermore, HADHB was found to play an important role in the Cd-induced malignant metastatic phenotype of CRC cells and lung metastasis in mice. Mechanistically, we discovered that chronic Cd exposure resulted in hypermethylation of the HADHB promoter region via inhibition of DNA demethylase tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2), which then led to decreased HADHB expression and activation of the FAK signaling pathway, and ultimately contributed to CRC progression. In conclusion, this study provided a new potential insight and evaluable biomarker for Cd exposure-induced CRC progression and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Li
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yixing People's Hospital, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Xingyue Cao
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Qun Ma
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Jingyi Han
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Zixuan Liu
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Yefei Huang
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
| | - Yansu Chen
- Key Lab of Environment and Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China; Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang H, Gan X, Tang Y. Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Cadmium (Cd)-Induced Malignancy. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04189-2. [PMID: 38683269 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04189-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The environmental pollution of cadmium is worsening, and its significant carcinogenic effects on humans have been confirmed. Cadmium can induce cancer through various signaling pathways, including the ERK/JNK/p38MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB, and Wnt. It can also cause cancer by directly damaging DNA and inhibiting DNA repair systems, or through epigenetic mechanisms such as abnormal DNA methylation, LncRNA, and microRNA. However, the detailed mechanisms of Cd-induced cancer are still not fully understood and require further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Wang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xuehui Gan
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yan Tang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ali Hussein M, Kamalakkannan A, Valinezhad K, Kannan J, Paleati N, Saad R, Kajdacsy-Balla A, Munirathinam G. The dynamic face of cadmium-induced Carcinogenesis: Mechanisms, emerging trends, and future directions. Curr Res Toxicol 2024; 6:100166. [PMID: 38706786 PMCID: PMC11068539 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a malleable element with odorless, tasteless characteristics that occurs naturally in the earth's crust, underground water, and soil. The most common reasons for the anthropological release of Cd to the environment include industrial metal mining, smelting, battery manufacturing, fertilizer production, and cigarette smoking. Cadmium-containing products may enter the environment as soluble salts, vapor, or particle forms that accumulate in food, soil, water, and air. Several epidemiological studies have highlighted the association between Cd exposure and adverse health outcomes, especially renal toxicity, and the impact of Cd exposure on the development and progression of carcinogenesis. Also highlighted is the evidence for early-life and even maternal exposure to Cd leading to devastating health outcomes, especially the risk of cancer development in adulthood. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how Cd mediates carcinogenic transformation, including epigenetic alteration, DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modification, dysregulated non-coding RNA, DNA damage in the form of DNA mutation, strand breaks, and chromosomal abnormalities with double-strand break representing the most common DNA form of damage. Cd induces an indirect genotoxic effect by reducing p53's DNA binding activity, eventually impairing DNA repair, inducing downregulation in the expression of DNA repair genes, which might result in carcinogenic transformation, enhancing lipid peroxidation or evasion of antioxidant interference such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione. Moreover, Cd mediates apoptosis evasion, autophagy activation, and survival mechanisms. In this review, we decipher the role of Cd mediating carcinogenic transformation in different models and highlight the interaction between various mechanisms. We also discuss diagnostic markers, therapeutic interventions, and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, 57357 Cairo, Egypt
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (IGHHE), School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Abishek Kamalakkannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Kamyab Valinezhad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Jhishnuraj Kannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Nikhila Paleati
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, College of Undergraduate Studies, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Rama Saad
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - André Kajdacsy-Balla
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu M, Xu J, Shi L, Shi L, Yang H, Wang Y. The p38 MAPK/snail signaling axis participates in cadmium-induced lung cancer cell migration and invasiveness. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:24042-24050. [PMID: 38436850 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
To determine that p38 MAPK activation contributes to the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells caused by cadmium (Cd). A549 lung cancer cell migration and invasion were assessed using a transwell plate system, and the role of p38 was determined by knocking down p38 activity with two different inhibitors of p38. The activity of p38 was measured by western blot analysis using phospho-specific p38 antibodies and normalized to blots using antibodies directed to total p38 proteins. Snail transcripts were measured using qRT-PCR. The inhibition of p38 blocked Cd-induced migration and invasion, which correlated with an increased activation of p38 as a function of dose and time. Furthermore, Cd-induced activation of p38 MAPK controlled the increase of snail mRNA expression. The p38 MAPK/snail signaling axis was involved in Cd-induced lung cancer cell migration and invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Liqin Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 105 of South Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang H, Yan J, Nie G, Li X. Association between Heavy Metals and Trace Elements in Cancerous and Non-cancerous Tissues with the Risk of Colorectal Cancer Progression in Northwest China. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04077-9. [PMID: 38379000 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Alterations in heavy metals and trace element levels may be associated with various cancers. However, the role of this interaction in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression is unclear. In recent years, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) models have provided new ideas for analyzing the effects of metal mixtures on CRC progression. Herein, we assessed the differences in the levels of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) in tumors and adjacent healthy tissues, to investigate the relationship between heavy metals/trace elements and CRC progression. Surgical samples of CRC and noncancerous tissues were collected, and trace metal levels were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Logistic regression, PCA, and BKMR models were used to investigate the relationship between heavy metals and trace elements and the degree of tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis in CRC. Cancer tissues showed lower As, Cd, Co, and Cr concentrations, and higher Se concentrations than healthy tissues (P < 0.05). In addition, CRC patients with poorly differentiated tumors and/or positive lymph node metastases had lower levels of Cd, Zn, Cu, and Se (P < 0.05). Logistic regression showed that single metal concentration was negatively correlated with CRC progression. PCA and BKMR models also showed that the metal mixture concentration was negatively correlated with CRC progression, with Cd contributing the most. Overall, changes in heavy metal and trace element levels may be related to the development of CRC; however, further mechanistic studies are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honglong Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, No.1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guole Nie
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, No.1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bonfiglio R, Sisto R, Casciardi S, Palumbo V, Scioli MP, Palumbo A, Trivigno D, Giacobbi E, Servadei F, Melino G, Mauriello A, Scimeca M. The impact of toxic metal bioaccumulation on colorectal cancer: Unravelling the unexplored connection. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167667. [PMID: 37813250 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a major public health concern, with increasing incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Environmental factors, including exposure to toxic metals, such as lead, chromium, cadmium, aluminium, copper, arsenic and mercury, have been suggested to play a significant role in the development and progression of this neoplasia. In particular, the bioaccumulation of toxic metals can play a significant role in colorectal cancer by regulating biological phenomenon associated to both cancer occurrence and progression, such as cell death and proliferation. Also, frequently these metals can induce DNA mutations in well-known oncogenes. This review provides a critical analysis of the current evidence, highlighting the need for further research to fully grasp the complex interplay between toxic metal bioaccumulation and colorectal cancer. Understanding the contribution of toxic metals to colorectal cancer occurrence and progression is essential for the development of targeted preventive strategies and social interventions, with the ultimate goal of reducing the burden of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Bonfiglio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Renata Sisto
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), Rome, Italy.
| | - Valeria Palumbo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Scioli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Palumbo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Donata Trivigno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Erica Giacobbi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Servadei
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Torvergata Oncoscience Research, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Caraba IV, Caraba MN, Hutanu D, Sinitean A, Dumitrescu G, Popescu R. Trace Metal Accumulation in Rats Exposed to Mine Waters: A Case Study, Bor Area (Serbia). TOXICS 2023; 11:960. [PMID: 38133361 PMCID: PMC10748338 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11120960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) levels were measured in the Bor City water supply system (control) and two watercourses exposed to mining wastewaters, i.e., the Lutarica River (one site) and the Kriveljska River (two sites). The same parameters were determined in the brain, heart, lungs, stomach, liver, spleen, kidneys, and testes of male Wistar rats given water from these sources for 2 months. Water Cu, Fe, Cd, and Pb were outside the safe range, excepting the reference site. Significant impacts on intra-organ metal homeostasis were detected, especially in the brain, stomach, kidneys, and testes. The dynamics and magnitude of these changes (versus controls) depended on the target organ, analyzed metal, and water origin. The greatest number of significant intra-organ associations between essential and non-essential metals were found for Cd-Zn, Cd-Cu, and Cd-Mn. A regression analysis suggested the kidneys as the most relevant organ for monitoring water manganese, and the stomach and brain for lead. These results highlight the environmental risks associated with mining wastewaters from the Bor area and could help scientists in mapping the spatial distribution and severity of trace metal contamination in water sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ion Valeriu Caraba
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Calea Aradului, 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (I.V.C.); (G.D.)
| | - Marioara Nicoleta Caraba
- Department Biology-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, West University of Timisoara, Pestalozzi 16, 300315 Timisoara, Romania; (D.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Delia Hutanu
- Department Biology-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, West University of Timisoara, Pestalozzi 16, 300315 Timisoara, Romania; (D.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Adrian Sinitean
- Department Biology-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, West University of Timisoara, Pestalozzi 16, 300315 Timisoara, Romania; (D.H.); (A.S.)
| | - Gabi Dumitrescu
- Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Calea Aradului, 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania; (I.V.C.); (G.D.)
| | - Roxana Popescu
- ANAPATMOL Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang T, Yin X, Yang X, Yuan Z, Wu Q, Jin L, Chen X, Lu M, Ye W. Trace elements in hair or fingernail and gastroesophageal cancers: results from a population-based case-control study. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 33:933-944. [PMID: 36828865 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-023-00528-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence suggests that environmental factors probably play important roles in the development of gastroesophageal cancers (GOC), however, the effects of trace elements on GOC remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of trace elements on GOC and the effect modification by other factors. METHODS Hair and fingernail samples were collected from GOC cases and controls in a population-based case-control study in Taixing, China, and were used to detect the concentrations of 12 trace elements using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for concentrations of 12 trace elements in association with GOC after adjusting the other factors. RESULTS A total of 830 hair samples (581 controls and 249 cases) and 895 fingernail samples (559 controls and 336 cases) were included. Compared to the lowest-tertile concentration, the higher tertiles of Ca, Zn, Fe, Al, Cr, Pb, Se, and V were positively associated with GOC, while the higher tertiles of Mg, Mn, Sr, and As were inversely associated with GOC. Significant interactions between the hair level of Cr and two other risk factors, including smoking (P for interaction = 0.044) and alcohol drinking (P for interaction = 0.028), were observed in association with GOC. SIGNIFICANCE The current study reveals that these 12 trace elements in hair and fingernails are associated with GOC to varying degrees. Further studies and animal experiments are needed to clarify the associations and explore potential mechanisms. IMPACT STATEMENT The role of trace elements in the development or inhibition of gastroesophageal cancers (GOC) remains unclear. In this study, we further explored the associations between 12 trace elements and GOC based on a population-based case-control study conducted in Taixing, China. Higher levels of Ca, Zn, Fe, Al, Cr, Pb, Se, and V were positively associated with increased GOC, while inverse associations between higher levels of Mg, Mn, Sr, As, and GOC were observed. Observed associations were consistent in hair and fingernail samples. Moreover, interaction effects between hair level of Cr and smoking or alcohol drinking were identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongchao Zhang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolin Yin
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyu Yuan
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiyun Wu
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Li Jin
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingdong Chen
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China.
| | - Weimin Ye
- Fudan University Taizhou Institute of Health Sciences, Taizhou, China
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics & Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wei Y, Zhao Z, He J, Nie Y, Xu L, Xu A, Wu L. Connection between health risk and heavy metals in agricultural soils of China: a study based on current field investigations. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:7775-7789. [PMID: 37432490 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil is a threat to people's health and sustainable development. However, there is currently no nationwide health risk assessment in China. In this study, we performed a preliminary assessment of heavy metals in agricultural soils of the Chinese mainland, and found obvious carcinogenic risks (total lifetime carcinogenic risk (TLCR) > 1 × 10-5). A similar spatial distribution pattern was found in soil heavy metal and the mortality of esophagus and stomach cancers. Combining the potential carcinogenic risk assessed by LCR for individual heavy metal with Pearson correlation, Geographical Detector (q statistic > 0.75 for TLCR, p < 0.05), and redundancy analysis (RDA), it was found that long-term exposure and intake route of heavy metals exceeding the maximum safety threshold (Health Canada standard) may induce digestive system (esophagus, stomach, liver, and colorectum) cancers in rural populations. Through Partial Least Squares Path Model (PLS-PM), it was also revealed that the LCR of heavy metals was closely related to the soil environmental background (path coefficients = 0.82), which in turn was affected by factors such as economic development and pollution discharge. The current research results highlight the potential carcinogenic risk to the digestive system associated with low-dose and long-term exposure to heavy metals in agricultural soils, and policymakers should propose countermeasures and solutions according to the local conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Wei
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Zihui Zhao
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jianuo He
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yaguang Nie
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Liqiang Xu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - An Xu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Michalczyk K, Kupnicka P, Witczak G, Tousty P, Bosiacki M, Kurzawski M, Chlubek D, Cymbaluk-Płoska A. Assessment of Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) Blood Concentration on the Risk of Endometrial Cancer. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050717. [PMID: 37237530 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are heavy metals with carcinogenic potential. Their increased concentration has been correlated with a risk of malignancies, including breast, lung, kidney, gastrointestinal, and gynecological cancers. Most of the studies have evaluated tissue heavy metal concentration. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate blood Cd and lead levels in different uterine pathologies and the risk of endometrial cancer. METHODS This study included 110 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of endometrial cancer, endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia, uterine myoma, and normal endometrium. The patients included in the study were assessed in terms of their endometrial cancer risk factors and blood heavy metal levels. The analysis was conducted using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the Cd and Cd/Pb ratio among the different groups of patients (p = 0.002), with higher a median Cd concentration among the endometrial cancer patients. The differences in Pb concentration were not significant (p = 0.717). There were also no differences in the Cd and Pb concentrations based on the patients' menopausal status nor BMI index. The univariate logistic regression showed a blood cadmium concentration above the median to be associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer (OR = 5.25; 95% CI 1.56, 17.72). No significant associations were observed between the Pb concentration or Cd/Pb ratio and endometrial cancer risk. CONCLUSION The concentration of Cd varies in patients diagnosed with different uterine pathologies. Increased blood cadmium concentration seems to be a risk factor for endometrial studies. Further research on greater populations, accounting for environmental and lifestyle heavy metal exposure, is required to validate our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Michalczyk
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Witczak
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Tousty
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Bosiacki
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kurzawski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstancow Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tavakoli Pirzaman A, Ebrahimi P, Niknezhad S, Vahidi T, Hosseinzadeh D, Akrami S, Ashrafi AM, Moeen Velayatimehr M, Hosseinzadeh R, Kazemi S. Toxic mechanisms of cadmium and exposure as a risk factor for oral and gastrointestinal carcinomas. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231210262. [PMID: 37870872 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231210262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Incidence and mortality rates of gastrointestinal (GI) and oral cancers are among the highest in the world, compared to other cancers. GI cancers include esophageal, gastric, colon, rectal, liver, and pancreatic cancers, with colorectal cancer being the most common. Oral cancer, which is included in the head and neck cancers category, is one of the most important causes of death in India. Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element affecting humans and the environment, which has both natural and anthropogenic sources. Generally, water, soil, air, and food supplies are reported as some sources of Cd. It accumulates in organs, particularly in the kidneys and liver. Exposure to cadmium is associated with different types of health risks such as kidney dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, reproductive dysfunction, diabetes, cerebral infarction, and neurotoxic effects (Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD)). Exposure to Cd is also associated with various cancers, including lung, kidney, liver, stomach, hematopoietic system, gynecologic and breast cancer. In the present study, we have provided and summarized the association of Cd exposure with oral and GI cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pouyan Ebrahimi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Shokat Niknezhad
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Turan Vahidi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Sousan Akrami
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arash M Ashrafi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Rezvan Hosseinzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Maharajan T, Chellasamy G, Tp AK, Ceasar SA, Yun K. The role of metal transporters in phytoremediation: A closer look at Arabidopsis. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136881. [PMID: 36257391 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of the environment by heavy metals (HMs) has recently become a global issue, affecting the health of all living organisms. Continuous human activities (industrialization and urbanization) are the major causes of HM release into the environment. Over the years, two methods (physical and chemical) have been widely used to reduce HMs in polluted environment. However, these two methods are inefficient and very expensive to reduce the HMs released into the atmosphere. Alternatively, researchers are trying to remove the HMs by employing hyper-accumulator plants. This method, referred to phytoremediation, is highly efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly. Phytoremediation can be divided into five types: phytostabilization, phytodegradation, rhizofiltration, phytoextraction, and phytovolatilization, all of which contribute to HMs removal from the polluted environment. Brassicaceae family members (particularly Arabidopsis thaliana) can accumulate more HMs from the contaminated environment than those of other plants. This comprehensive review focuses on how HMs pollute the environment and discusses the phytoremediation measures required to reduce the impact of HMs on the environment. We discuss the role of metal transporters in phytoremediation with a focus on Arabidopsis. Then draw insights into the role of genome editing tools in enhancing phytoremediation efficiency. This review is expected to initiate further research to improve phytoremediation by biotechnological approaches to conserve the environment from pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theivanayagam Maharajan
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kalamassery, Cochin, 683 104, Kerala, India
| | - Gayathri Chellasamy
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajeesh Krishna Tp
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kalamassery, Cochin, 683 104, Kerala, India
| | - Stanislaus Antony Ceasar
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kalamassery, Cochin, 683 104, Kerala, India.
| | - Kyusik Yun
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yan J, Zhang H, Niu J, Luo B, Wang H, Tian M, Li X. Effects of lead and cadmium co-exposure on liver function in residents near a mining and smelting area in northwestern China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:4173-4189. [PMID: 35037141 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to environmental cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) may have adverse effects on the human health. In this study, we aimed to determine the primary and interactive effects of Cd and Pb exposure on liver function in residents near a mining and smelting area in northwestern China. A total of 451 subjects were recruited, from which blood samples were collected to determine the levels of Cd, Pb, and liver function indices. Additionally, the association between the levels of exposure markers and liver function indices was analysed. Cd and Pb levels were significantly higher in subjects living in the polluted area than in those living in the non-polluted reference area. The liver function levels of subjects in the polluted area were poor compared with those in the reference area. In addition, Cd and Pb levels in the blood were positively associated with gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels and negatively associated with direct bilirubin (DBil) levels. Cd and Pb may be risk factors for abnormal liver function. The risk of abnormal liver function was higher in subjects with moderate Cd and Pb levels, high Cd levels, high Pb levels, and high Cd and Pb levels than in those with low Cd and Pb levels. Our data show that exposure to Cd and/or Pb can cause abnormal liver function. Cd and Pb may have an antagonistic effect on liver function, and high Cd exposure alone has a more profound effect on abnormal liver function compared with co-exposure to Pb and Cd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Medical College Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglong Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingping Niu
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Luo
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiping Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Medical College Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Tian
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No. 1 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Institute of Gansu Province, Medical College Cancer Center of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Türkdoğan MK, Karapinar HS, Kilicel F. Serum trace element levels of gastrointestinal cancer patients in an endemic upper gastrointestinal cancer region. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 72:126978. [PMID: 35366527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.126978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are an important cause of the death rate in Turkey and in the world. Especially upper (esophageal and gastric) GI cancers are the leading types of cancer by 20-27% in Eastern Turkey. Trace elements are involved in many physiological and metabolic processes in the human body. Recent studies suggest that the increase or decrease of trace elements in the body may be related to the formation and development of many diseases such as cancers, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases etc. METHOD AND MATERIALS: In this study some trace elements; cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) concentrations were investigated in the blood serums of esophageal, gastric and colon cancer patients and healthy controls in Van city area, an endemic upper (esophageal and gastric) GI region of Eastern Turkey. The analysis of the elements was realized with a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). RESULTS: Mean serum levels of Cd and Ni in esophageal and gastric cancer patients were very significantly lower compared to controls (p < 0.001 and < 0.005). In addition, the mean serum Co level of esophageal cancer patients was very significantly lower than in controls and gastric cancer patients (p < 0.002). Also, the mean serum levels of Fe and Mn in all (esophageal, gastric and colon) cancer groups were very significantly lower than in controls (p < 0.001 and 0.002). Mean serum levels of Cu, Mg, Pb and Zn were not significantly different in all cancer patients compared to controls. CONCLUSION: We have detected the deficiency of five trace elements (Fe, Mn, Cd, Ni, Co) in esophageal, gastric and colon cancer patients. The deficiencies of trace elements may be due to malign over consumption of the nutrients and to the malnutrition of the advanced cancer patients. Nutritional therapy rich in trace elements should be considered as one of the strategies to fight against cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Kürşat Türkdoğan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, 34662 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hacer Sibel Karapinar
- Scientific and Technological Research & Application Center, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, 70100 Karaman, Turkey.
| | - Fevzi Kilicel
- Department of Chemistry, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, 70100 Karaman, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zheng Z, Wei Q, Wan X, Zhong X, Liu L, Zeng J, Mao L, Han X, Tou F, Rao J. Correlation Analysis Between Trace Elements and Colorectal Cancer Metabolism by Integrated Serum Proteome and Metabolome. Front Immunol 2022; 13:921317. [PMID: 35720415 PMCID: PMC9201339 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.921317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the third most common cancer with a high mortality rate. The underlying molecular mechanism of CRC, especially advanced CRC, remains poorly understood, resulting in few available therapeutic plans. To expand our knowledge of the molecular characteristics of advanced CRC and explore possible new therapeutic strategies, we herein conducted integrated proteomics and metabolomics analyses of 40 serum samples collected from 20 advanced CRC patients before and after treatment. The mass spectrometry-based proteomics analysis was performed under data-independent acquisition (DIA), and the metabolomics analysis was performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-TOF-MS/MS). Trace elements including Mg, Zn, and Fe were measured by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. Four of the 20 patients had progressive disease (PD) after treatment, and clinical test results indicated that they all had impaired liver functions. In the proteomics analysis, 64 proteins were discovered to be significantly altered after treatment. These proteins were enriched in cancer-related pathways and pathways participating immune responses, such as MAPK signaling pathway and complement/coagulation cascades. In the metabolomics analysis, 128 metabolites were found to be significantly changed after treatment, and most of them are enriched in pathways associated with lipid metabolism. The cholesterol metabolism pathway was significantly enriched in both the proteomics and metabolomics pathway enrichment analyses. The concentrations of Mg in the serums of CRC patients were significantly lower than those in healthy individuals, which returned to the normal range after treatment. Correlation analysis linked key lipids, proteins, and Mg as immune modulators in the development of advanced CRC. The results of this study not only extended our knowledge on the molecular basis of advanced CRC but also provided potential novel therapeutic targets for CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zheng
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Qingfeng Wei
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianghui Wan
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhong
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Nanchang, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiquan Zeng
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Nanchang, China
| | - Lihua Mao
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaojian Han
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Fangfang Tou
- Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Rao
- Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lin Y, Li T, Xiao J, Xie K, Shi Z. The Association Between Cadmium Exposure and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 9:555539. [PMID: 35223753 PMCID: PMC8866184 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.555539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Several studies have evaluated the association of cadmium exposure with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the findings among these studies have been inconsistent. To further investigate the relationship, we carried out a meta-analysis to clarify the relationship between cadmium exposure and GDM risk. Methods Five databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and CNKI) were searched for eligible studies until September 09, 2021. The quality of eligible studies was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS). The summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by random-effects models due to high heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis was performed to explore the robustness of the results. Publication bias was evaluated by Egger's test and Begg's test. We also conducted meta-regression analysis and subgroup analysis to assess the potential sources of heterogeneity. Results A total of 10 studies with 32,000 participants related to our issue were included. Comparing the highest vs. lowest categories of cadmium exposure, no significant association was observed between cadmium exposure and the risk of GDM (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 0.92–1.46, and P = 0.206). No publication bias was found in Begg's and Egger's tests (all P > 0.05). Meta-regression suggested that publication year was the potentially heterogeneous source (P = 0.034). Subgroup analysis of publication year showed that the OR of studies before the year of 2016 was 4.05 (95% CI = 1.87–8.76, P < 0.001), and prospective cohort studies showed a borderline increased GDM risk (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.99–1.33, and P = 0.061). Conclusion Our results indicated no significant association between cadmium exposure and GDM risk. Further high-quality prospective studies, especially those using standard analytic methods for cadmium exposure, are warranted to confirm the results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangbo Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kaipeng Xie
- Department of Public Health, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Women Health Care, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Kaipeng Xie
| | - Zhonghua Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Zhonghua Shi
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Balali-Mood M, Naseri K, Tahergorabi Z, Khazdair MR, Sadeghi M. Toxic Mechanisms of Five Heavy Metals: Mercury, Lead, Chromium, Cadmium, and Arsenic. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:643972. [PMID: 33927623 PMCID: PMC8078867 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.643972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 600] [Impact Index Per Article: 200.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The industrial activities of the last century have caused massive increases in human exposure to heavy metals. Mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic have been the most common heavy metals that induced human poisonings. Here, we reviewed the mechanistic action of these heavy metals according to the available animal and human studies. Acute or chronic poisonings may occur following exposure through water, air, and food. Bioaccumulation of these heavy metals leads to a diversity of toxic effects on a variety of body tissues and organs. Heavy metals disrupt cellular events including growth, proliferation, differentiation, damage-repairing processes, and apoptosis. Comparison of the mechanisms of action reveals similar pathways for these metals to induce toxicity including ROS generation, weakening of the antioxidant defense, enzyme inactivation, and oxidative stress. On the other hand, some of them have selective binding to specific macromolecules. The interaction of lead with aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and ferrochelatase is within this context. Reactions of other heavy metals with certain proteins were discussed as well. Some toxic metals including chromium, cadmium, and arsenic cause genomic instability. Defects in DNA repair following the induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage by the three metals have been considered as the cause of their carcinogenicity. Even with the current knowledge of hazards of heavy metals, the incidence of poisoning remains considerable and requires preventive and effective treatment. The application of chelation therapy for the management of metal poisoning could be another aspect of heavy metals to be reviewed in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Balali-Mood
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Kobra Naseri
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zoya Tahergorabi
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mahmood Sadeghi
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
García-Pérez J, Fernández de Larrea-Baz N, Lope V, Molina AJ, O'Callaghan-Gordo C, Alonso MH, Rodríguez-Suárez MM, Mirón-Pozo B, Alguacil J, Gómez-Acebo I, Ascunce N, Vanaclocha-Espi M, Amiano P, Chirlaque MD, Simó V, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Tardón A, Moreno V, Castaño-Vinyals G, Martín V, Aragonés N, Pérez-Gómez B, Kogevinas M, Pollán M. Residential proximity to industrial pollution sources and colorectal cancer risk: A multicase-control study (MCC-Spain). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:106055. [PMID: 32827807 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third most frequent tumor in males and the second in females worldwide. In Spain, it is an important and growing health problem, and epidemiologic research focused on potential risk factors, such as environmental exposures, is necessary. OBJECTIVES To analyze the association between colorectal cancer risk and residential proximity to industries, according to pollution discharge route, industrial groups, categories of carcinogens and other toxic substances, and specific pollutants released, in the context of a population-based multicase-control study of incident cancer carried out in Spain (MCC-Spain). METHODS MCC-Spain included 557 colorectal cancer cases and 2948 controls in 11 provinces, frequency matched by sex, age, and region of residence. Distances were computed from subjects' residences to each of the 134 industries located in the study area. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for categories of distance (from 1 km to 3 km) to industrial facilities, adjusting for matching variables and other confounders. RESULTS Excess risk (OR; 95%CI) of colorectal cancer was detected near industries overall for all distances analyzed, from 1 km (2.03; 1.44-2.87) to 3 km (1.26; 1.00-1.59). In general, industries releasing pollutants to air showed higher excess risks than facilities releasing pollution to water. By industrial sector, excess risk (OR; 95%CI) was found near (≤3 km) production of metals (2.66; 1.77-4.00), surface treatment of metals (1.48; 1.08-2.02), glass and mineral fibers (2.06; 1.39-3.07), organic chemical industry (4.80; 3.20-7.20), inorganic chemical industry (6.74; 4.38-10.36), food/beverage sector (3.34; 2.38-4.68), and surface treatment using organic solvents (6.16; 4.06-9.36). By pollutants, the main excess risks (OR; 95%CI) were found near (≤3 km) industries releasing nonylphenol (9.19; 5.91-14.28), antimony (5.30; 3.45-8.15), naphthalene (3.11; 2.16-4.49), organotin compounds (2.64; 1.76-3.98), manganese (2.53; 1.63-3.93), dichloromethane (2.52; 1.74-3.66), and vanadium (2.49; 1.59-3.91). CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that residing in the proximity of industries may be a risk factor for colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier García-Pérez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nerea Fernández de Larrea-Baz
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Virginia Lope
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio J Molina
- The Research Group in Gene - Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Cristina O'Callaghan-Gordo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Rambla de Poblenou 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Carrer del Rosselló 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Campus del Mar, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - María Henar Alonso
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran i Reynals, Avinguda de la Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Avinguda de la Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Carrer de Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marta María Rodríguez-Suárez
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Av. Roma s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA), Oviedo, Spain; Public Health Department, Universidad de Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Benito Mirón-Pozo
- Service of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Av. del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Juan Alguacil
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente (RENSMA), Universidad de Huelva, Campus Universitario de El Carmen, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Cantabria - IDIVAL, Avenida Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Nieves Ascunce
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Navarra Public Health Institute, Calle Leyre, 15, 31003 Pamplona, Navarra; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Calle Leyre 15, 31003 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Vanaclocha-Espi
- Cancer and Public Health Area, FISABIO - Public Health, Avda. de Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Paseo Dr. Beguiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Chirlaque
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, Carretera Buenavista s/n, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Vicente Simó
- Department of General Surgery, León University Hospital (CAULE), Altos de Nava s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - José J Jiménez-Moleón
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Av. de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Doctor Azpitarte 4 4ª Planta, Edificio Licinio de la Fuente, 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Campus de El Cristo B, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Roma s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Víctor Moreno
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran i Reynals, Avinguda de la Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Avinguda de la Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Carrer de Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Carrer del Rosselló 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Campus del Mar, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Vicente Martín
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; The Research Group in Gene - Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology Section, Public Health Division, Department of Health of Madrid, C/San Martín de Porres, 6, 28035 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Carrer del Rosselló 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Campus del Mar, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marina Pollán
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Accumulated ambient air pollution and colon cancer incidence in Thailand. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17765. [PMID: 33082474 PMCID: PMC7575563 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74669-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This research examined the relationship between colon cancer risks and pollution in various areas of Thailand, using satellites to gather quantities of aerosols in the atmosphere. Bayesian hierarchical spatio-temporal model and the Poisson log-linear model were used to examine the incidence rates of colon cancer standardized by national references; from the database of the National Health Security Office, Ministry of Public Health of Thailand and NASA's database from aerosol diagnostics model. Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) was used to explore disease-gender-specific spatio-temporal patterns of colon cancer incidences and accumulated air pollution-related cancers in Thailand between 2010 and 2016. A total of 59,605 patients were selected for the study. Due to concerns regarding statistical reliability between aerosol diagnostics model and colon cancer incidences, the posterior probabilities of risk appeared the most in dust PM2.5. It could be interpreted as relative risk in every increase of 10 μg/m3 in black carbon, organic carbon, and dust-PM2.5 levels were associated respectively with an increase of 4%, 4%, and 15% in the risks of colon cancer. A significant increase in the incidence of colon cancer with accumulated ambient air quality raised concerns regarding the prevention of air pollution. This study utilized data based on the incidences of colon cancer; the country's database and linked cancer data to pollution. According to the database from NASA's technology, this research has never been conducted in Thailand.
Collapse
|
23
|
Juloski JT, Rakic A, Ćuk VV, Ćuk VM, Stefanović S, Nikolić D, Janković S, Trbovich AM, De Luka SR. Colorectal cancer and trace elements alteration. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 59:126451. [PMID: 31954212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trace elements have important influence on body function primarily because of the vital role they have in many physiological processes. Their alterations have been found in many disorders, including cancer. It has been well known for decades that disturbances in elemental concentration may lead to cell damaging, DNA injuries and imbalance in oxidative burden. Our study tried to determine the difference of trace elements concentrations between colorectal adenocarcinoma and adjacent healthy intestinal tissue. METHODS 59 subjects participated in this study. Healthy colon mucosa samples and colon tumor tissue samples were obtained from patients previously diagnosed with colon carcinoma by standard diagnostic procedures. Analysis of the elements was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). RESULTS The results showed that Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn, Se, Mn, Cd, Cr and Hg significantly differ between malignant tissue of colorectal cancer (CRC) and adjacent healthy bowel tissue. We have, also, found that Cu/Zn tissue ratio was significantly higher in CRC compared to a healthy tissue and that patients with higher CRC stages had also significantly higher ratio. CONCLUSIONS Since this is the first such study in Balkan region, we assume that results of our study could be a good indicator of elemental alterations in colorectal cancer of Balkan population, due to similarity in lifestyle, dietary intake, pollution and exposure to toxic elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jovan T Juloski
- Zvezdara Medical University Center, Surgery Clinic "Nikola Spasić", Dimitrija Tucovica 161, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandar Rakic
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vladica V Ćuk
- Zvezdara Medical University Center, Surgery Clinic "Nikola Spasić", Dimitrija Tucovica 161, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vladimir M Ćuk
- Zvezdara Medical University Center, Surgery Clinic "Nikola Spasić", Dimitrija Tucovica 161, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Srđan Stefanović
- Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Kaćanskog 13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Dragica Nikolić
- Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Kaćanskog 13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Saša Janković
- Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Kaćanskog 13, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Alexander M Trbovich
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Silvio R De Luka
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang HR, Che YH, Huang D, Ao H. Hydrogen sulfide mediated alleviation of cadmium toxicity in Phlox paniculata L. and establishment of a comprehensive evaluation model for corresponding strategy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:1085-1095. [PMID: 32122163 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1730299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory experiment was performed to evaluate the potential role of H2S on cadmium (Cd) toxicity in Phlox paniculata L. Seeds pretreated with 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 mM NaHS as a donor of H2S for 24 h and subsequently exposed to 100, 200, and 300 μM CdCl2 for 26 days had significantly higher germination rate compared with Cd alone. Meanwhile, 2-year-old seedlings sprayed with 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 μM NaHS were grown in soil with 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 mg/kg CdCl2, respectively. We observed that H2S decreased Cd accumulation in leaves and elevated Cd concentration in roots. Cd toxicity in seedlings resulted in a substantial increase in Cd-induced overproduction of malondialdehyde (MDA), Cd accumulation, and electrolyte leakage. Meanwhile, addition of NaHS increased photosynthetic performance compared with Cd alone. Exogenous H2S significantly elevated biomass, improved antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced ABA content compared with Cd alone. H2S also plays an important role in the ABA signaling pathway during stress. Notably, NaHS promoted Cd uptake by Phlox paniculate L. from soil. The prediction model of H2S for increasing plant resistance and reducing soil Cd pollution was established by factor analysis method based on comprehensive evaluation of plant stress physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan-Hui Che
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Ao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Specht AJ, Dickerson AS, Kponee-Shovein KZ, Nkpaa KW, Weisskopf MG. Toenail Metal Exposures in Fishermen from Bodo City, Nigeria. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 104:90-95. [PMID: 31728558 PMCID: PMC6946879 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02750-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We conducted exposure assessment using toenails from 20 fishermen living in Bodo City, a community of the Niger delta region in Nigeria. This community has been affected by over 4000 oil spills and environmental disasters. Fishing is the primary source of food and income for individuals in this community. Previous research in Bodo City found elevated metal levels in fish. Toenails were used as a biomarker to investigate the feasibility for use in risk assessment studies in developing countries. The toenails collected had significantly higher manganese levels (median 5.8 µg/g) and lead levels (median 0.98 µg/g) than those reported in more developed countries, comparable levels to those from other low-middle incomes countries. These exposure levels are likely a direct result of exposures from the environmental disasters the community has experienced and would be related to increased risks for many diseases previously associated with heavy metal exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Specht
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | | | - Kpobari W Nkpaa
- Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang T, Gao X, Luo X, Li L, Ma M, Zhu Y, Zhao L, Li R. The effects of long-term exposure to low doses of cadmium on the health of the next generation of mice. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 312:108792. [PMID: 31491373 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an important toxic chemical due to its increasing levels in the environment and bioaccumulation in humans and animals. The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of long-term exposure to 1, 10, or 100 μg/L Cd in drinking water on the development, reproduction and neurotoxicity of offspring when administered to mice from parental puberty to postnatal 10 weeks in offspring. The development parameters measured in offspring included physical development, reflex ontogeny, body weight and body size. The reproductive indices measured consisted of anogenital distances (AGDs), estrous cycle, sperm quality, specific gene expression in Leydig or Sertoli cells, seminiferous epithelium cycle, sex hormone levels, histological morphology and apoptosis in testis or ovary, and the levels of oxidative stress. The determination of neurotoxicity included learning and memory ability, anxiety, and related serum indicators. In addition, blood lipid level, liver and kidney function were also determined by serum biochemical assays. The results showed that exposure to Cd in the present model had no adverse effects on development, but had some reproductive toxicity and neurotoxicity, including alteration of spermatogenic epithelial staging in testis and inducing anxiety in offspring. Furthermore, the levels of total protein, globulins, total bile acid and direct bilirubin were also significantly altered, especially in female offspring. The present study suggested that long-term exposure to low doses of Cd had adverse effects on the health of the next generation, and some harmful effects showed gender differences in offspring. The present study demonstrated that attention should be paid to Cd pollution in the environment, especially before pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianfeng Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China
| | - Xiaohan Gao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China
| | - Xue Luo
- Department of Tropical Medicine, College of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lianbing Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China
| | - Mingfu Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China
| | - Yijian Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China
| | - Letian Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China.
| | - Renyan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health (Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute), China; Post-doctoral Research Stations of Chongqing Medical University and Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Samavarchi Tehrani S, Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini H, Yousefi T, Abolghasemi M, Qujeq D, Maniati M, Amani J. The crosstalk between trace elements with DNA damage response, repair, and oxidative stress in cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1080-1105. [PMID: 30378148 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) is a regulatory system responsible for maintaining genome integrity and stability, which can sense and transduce DNA damage signals. The severity of damage appears to determine DDRs, which can include damage repair, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Furthermore, defective components in DNA damage and repair machinery are an underlying cause for the development and progression of various types of cancers. Increasing evidence indicates that there is an association between trace elements and DDR/repair mechanisms. In fact, trace elements seem to affect mediators of DDR. Besides, it has been revealed that oxidative stress (OS) and trace elements are associated with cancer development. In this review, we discuss the role of some critical trace elements in the risk of cancer. In addition, we provide a brief introduction on DDR and OS in cancer. Finally, we will further review the interactions between some important trace elements including selenium, zinc, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic, and DDR, and OS in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Abolghasemi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahmood Maniati
- English Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|