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do Nascimento-Silva C, do Carmo-Neto EF, de Santana SL, de Amorim EM, de Oliveira RA, de Amaral DS, Costa MAR, do Nascimento AF, Dos Santos RA, De França EJ, Rohde C. Accessing the Health Risk of Ingestion of Surface Water from Lucrécia and Parelhas Dams in Northeast Brazil Using the Sentinel Organism Drosophila melanogaster. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 112:12. [PMID: 38093100 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03838-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the genotoxic risk of chronic exposure of hemolymph's cells of Drosophila melanogaster (Insecta, Diptera) to water samples from Boqueirão de Parelhas Dam and from Lucrécia Dam in the semiarid region of Brazil. The dams are located over the Pegmatite Province of Borborema, with rocks rich in uranium and thorium. Water samples hydrated a culture medium composed of mashed potatoes, where larvae of D. melanogaster fed for 24 h, before be underwent to the Comet assay. The same water was evaluated for the presence of dissolved Radon gas (222Rn) and concentrations of 11 toxic metals (Ag, Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn). The results indicated a genotoxic effect resulting from exposure to the waters of the Parelhas dam, in the samples of August 2018; and in Lucrécia dam, in January 2019. D. melanogaster stood out for its high sensitivity to monitor the genotoxic effects of compounds dissolved in public dams. And unlike to other essentially aquatic sentinel organisms, this species stood out as a model to concomitant studies of air and water possible contaminated, in a scenario of natural environmental radioactivity present in semiarid of Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles do Nascimento-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, CEP 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória (CAV), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, CEP 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Edson Francisco do Carmo-Neto
- Laboratório de Genética, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória (CAV), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, CEP 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Samuel Lima de Santana
- Laboratório de Genética, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória (CAV), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, CEP 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Erima Maria de Amorim
- Laboratório de Genética, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória (CAV), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, CEP 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Alves de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Genética, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória (CAV), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, CEP 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Deric Soares de Amaral
- Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Avenida Professor Luiz Freire 200, CEP 50740-545, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Matheus Andrade Rocha Costa
- Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Avenida Professor Luiz Freire 200, CEP 50740-545, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Alesxandro Francisco do Nascimento
- Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Avenida Professor Luiz Freire 200, CEP 50740-545, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Robson Alves Dos Santos
- Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Avenida Professor Luiz Freire 200, CEP 50740-545, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Elvis Joacir De França
- Centro Regional de Ciências Nucleares do Nordeste (CRCN-NE), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, Avenida Professor Luiz Freire 200, CEP 50740-545, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Claudia Rohde
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, CEP 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Genética, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória (CAV), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Rua do Alto do Reservatório s/n, CEP 55608-680, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Vaccarella E, Piacentini D, Falasca G, Canepari S, Massimi L. In-vivo exposure of a plant model organism for the assessment of the ability of PM samples to induce oxidative stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165694. [PMID: 37516174 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to propose an innovative, simple, rapid, and cost-effective method to study oxidative stress induced by PM through in-vivo exposure of the plant model organism Arabidopsis thaliana. A. thaliana seedlings were exposed to urban dust certified for its elemental content and to PM2.5 samples collected in an urban-industrial area of Northern Italy. An innovative technique for the detachment and suspension in water of the whole intact dust from membrane filters was applied to expose the model organism to both the soluble and insoluble fractions of PM2.5, which were analyzed for 34 elements by ICP-MS. Oxidative stress induced by PM on A. thaliana was assessed by light microscopic localization and UV-Vis spectrophotometric determination of superoxide anion (O2-) content on the exposed seedlings by using the nitro blue tetrazole (NBT) assay. The results showed a good efficiency and sensitivity of the method for PM mass concentrations >20 μg m-3 and an increase in O2- content in all exposed seedlings, which mainly depends on the concentration, chemical composition, and sources of the PM administered to the model organism. Particles released by biomass burning appeared to contribute more to the overall toxicity of PM. This method was found to be cost-effective and easy to apply to PM collected on membrane filters in intensive monitoring campaigns in order to obtain valuable information on the ability of PM to generate oxidative stress in living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Vaccarella
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro, 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Diego Piacentini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro, 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Falasca
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro, 5, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Silvia Canepari
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro, 5, Rome 00185, Italy; C.N.R. Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, Monterotondo St., Rome 00015, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Massimi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro, 5, Rome 00185, Italy; C.N.R. Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, Monterotondo St., Rome 00015, Italy.
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Vargas VMF, da Silva Júnior FMR, Silva Pereira TD, Silva CSD, Coronas MV. A comprehensive overview of genotoxicity and mutagenicity associated with outdoor air pollution exposure in Brazil. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2023; 26:172-199. [PMID: 36775848 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2023.2175092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This review examined the mutagenicity and genotoxicity associated with exposure to outdoor air pollutants in Brazil. A search was performed on the Web of Science database using a combination of keywords that resulted in 134 articles. After applying exclusion criteria, a total of 75 articles were obtained. The articles were classified into three categories: (1) studies with plants and animals, (2) in vitro studies, and (3) human biomonitoring. The investigations were conducted in 11 of 27 Brazilian states with the highest prevalence in the southeast and south regions. Only 5 investigations focused on the effects of burning biomass on the quality of outdoor air. Plants, especially Tradescantia pallida, were the main air pollution biomonitoring tool. When available, a significant association between levels of air pollutants and genetic damage was described. Among the in vitro studies, Salmonella/microsome is the most used test to evaluate mutagenesis of outdoor air in Brazil (n = 26). Human biomonitoring studies were the least frequent category (n = 18). Most of the investigations utilized micronucleus bioassay, in oral mucosa cells (n = 15) and lymphocytes (n = 5), and the comet assay (n = 6). The analysis in this study points to the existence of gaps in genotoxicity studies and our findings indicate that future studies need to address the variety of potential sources of pollution existing in Brazil. In addition to extent of the impacts, consideration should be given to the enormous Brazilian biodiversity, as well as the determination of the role of socioeconomic inequality of the population in the observed outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Maria Ferrão Vargas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Av. Bento Gonçalves, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana da Silva Pereira
- Laboratório de Aquicultura de Peixes Ornamentais do Xingu, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Altamira, PA, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Silva da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Av. Bento Gonçalves, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciênciae Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Vieira Coronas
- Coordenaç'ão Acad"êmica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Cachoeira do Sul, RS, Brazil
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Piccini I, Macrì M, Gea M, Dessì L, Bonetta S, Schilirò T, Santovito A, Bonelli S. Genotoxic effects of particulate matter on larvae of a common and widespread butterfly along an urbanization gradient. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114638. [PMID: 36791502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity is currently declining worldwide. Several threats have been identified such as habitat loss and climate change. It is unknown if and how air pollution can work in addition or in synergy to these threats, contributing to the decline of current species and/or local extinction. Few studies have investigated the effects of particulate matter (PM), the main component of air pollution, on insects, and no studies have investigated its genotoxic effects through Micronucleus assay. Butterflies play an important role in the environment, as herbivores during larval stages, and as pollinators as adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic effects of PM10 from different sites along a gradient of population urbanization, on a common cabbage butterfly species (Pieris brassicae). PM10 was collected from April to September in an urban (Turin, Italy), a suburban (Druento, Italy) and a mountain site (Ceresole Reale, Italy) with different urbanization levels. P. brassicae larvae (n = 218) were reared in the laboratory under controlled conditions (26 °C, L:D 15:9) on cabbage plants (average 9.2 days), and they were exposed to PM10 organic extracts (20 and 40 m3/mL) or dimethyl sulfoxide (controls) through vaporization. After exposure, larvae were dissected and cells were used for the Micronucleus (MN) assay. Results showed that all PM extracts induced significant DNA damage in exposed larvae compared to controls, and that increasing the PM dose (from 20 to 40 m3/mL) increased genotoxic effects. However, we did not detect any significant differences between sites with different urbanization levels. In conclusion, PM at different concentrations induced genotoxic effects on larvae of a common butterfly species. More alarmingly, PM could work in addition to and/or in synergy with other compounds (e.g. pesticides) and, especially on species already threatened by other factors (e.g. fragmentation), thus affecting the vitality of populations, leading to local extinctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Piccini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Manuela Macrì
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Gea
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Dessì
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Bonetta
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Schilirò
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alfredo Santovito
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Simona Bonelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Macrì M, Gea M, Piccini I, Dessì L, Santovito A, Bonelli S, Schilirò T, Bonetta S. Cabbage butterfly as bioindicator species to investigate the genotoxic effects of PM 10. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:45285-45294. [PMID: 36705823 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25510-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric pollution poses a serious threat to environment and human health, and particulate matter (PM) is one of the major contributors. Biological effects induced by PM are investigated through in vitro assays using cells and by in vivo tests with laboratory model animals. However, also the estimation of adverse effects of pollutants, including airborne ones, on wild animals, such as insects, is an essential component of environmental risk assessment. Among insects, butterflies are sensitive to environmental changes and are important wild pollinators, so they might be suitable as environmental bioindicator species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of a wild cabbage butterfly species (Pieris brassicae) as a bioindicator organism to assess the genotoxic effects of PM10 collected in different sites. PM10 was collected from April to September in urban, suburban, and rural sites. P. brassicae larvae were reared in laboratory under controlled conditions on cabbage plants and exposed to PM10 organic extracts or dimethyl sulfoxide (controls) through vaporization. After exposure, larvae were dissected, and cells were used for comet assay. All PM extracts induced significant DNA damage in exposed larvae compared to controls and the extract collected in the most polluted site caused the highest genotoxic effect. In conclusion, the study suggested that butterflies, such as P. brassicae, could be applied as sensitive and promising bioindicators to investigate air quality and PM genotoxicity. Indeed, the use of these organisms allows the detection of genotoxic effects induced by PM sampled also in low-polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Macrì
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Gea
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Irene Piccini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Dessì
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Alfredo Santovito
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Simona Bonelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Torino, Italy
| | - Tiziana Schilirò
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Bonetta
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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Turna Demir F. In vivo effects of 1,4-dioxane on genotoxic parameters and behavioral alterations in Drosophila melanogaster. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:414-430. [PMID: 35023806 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2027832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
1,4-Dioxane (DXN) is used as solvent in different consumer products including cosmetics, paints, surfactants, and waxes. In addition, DXN is released as an unwanted contaminating by-product as a result of some reactions including ethoxylation of alcohols, which occurs with in personal care products. Consequently, DXN pollution was detected in drinking water and is considered as an environmental problem. At present, the genotoxicity effects attributed to DXN are controversial. The present study using an in vivo model organism Drosophila melanogaster aimed to determine the toxic/genotoxic, mutagenic/recombinogenic, oxidative damage as evidenced by ROS production, phenotypic alterations as well as behavioral and developmental alterations that are closely related to neuronal functions. Data demonstrated that nontoxic DXN concentration (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, or 1%) induced mutagenic (1%) and recombinogenic (0.1, 0.25, or 0.5%) effects in wing spot test and genotoxicity in hemocytes using comet assay. The nontoxic concentrations of DXN (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, or 1%) significantly increased oxidative stress, climbing behavior, thermal sensivity and abnormal phenotypic alterations. Our findings show that in contrast to in vitro exposure, DXN using an in vivo model Drosophila melanogaster this compound exerts toxic and genotoxic effects. Data suggest that additional studies using other in vivo models are thus warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Turna Demir
- Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Medical Laboratory Techniques Programme, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya, Turkey
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Smoot J, Padilla S, Farraj AK. The utility of alternative models in particulate matter air pollution toxicology. Curr Res Toxicol 2022; 3:100077. [PMID: 35676914 PMCID: PMC9168130 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2022.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Countless unique particulate matter (PM) samples with limited or no toxicity information. Alternative in vivo models offer greater throughput than traditional mammalian models. Use of zebrafish, fruit flies, and nematodes in PM toxicology lacks systematic review. Their utility in PM toxicity and mechanistic research and as screening tools is reviewed.
Exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution increases risk of adverse human health effects. As more attention is brought to bear on the problem of PM, traditional mammalian in vivo models struggle to keep up with the risk assessment challenges posed by the countless number of unique PM samples across air sheds with limited or no toxicity information. This review examines the utility of three higher throughput, alternative, in vivo animal models in PM toxicity research: Danio rerio (zebrafish), Caenorhabditis elegans (nematode), and Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly). These model organisms vary in basic biology, ease of handling, methods of exposure to PM, number and types of available assays, and the degree to which they mirror human biology and responsiveness, among other differences. The use of these models in PM research dates back over a decade, with assessments of the toxicity of various PM sources including traffic-related combustion emissions, wildland fire smoke, and coal fly ash. This article reviews the use of these alternative model organisms in PM toxicity studies, their biology, the various assays developed, endpoints measured, their strengths and limitations, as well as their potential role in PM toxicity assessment and mechanistic research going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Smoot
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Stephanie Padilla
- Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, US EPA, RTP, NC, United States
| | - Aimen K. Farraj
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, US EPA, RTP, NC, United States
- Corresponding author.
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Teixeira da Silva T, Braga Martins J, Do Socorro de Brito Lopes M, de Almeida PM, Silva Sá JL, Alline Martins F. Modulating effect of DL-kavain on the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity induced by doxorubicin in Drosophila melanogaster. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:769-782. [PMID: 34176449 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1942354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Kavain, kavalactone, present in Piper methysticum exhibits anticonvulsive, analgesic, anxiolytic, antiepileptic, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Given its importance, the aim of the present study was to assess (1) the mutagenic and carcinogenicity of kavain administered alone and (2) the antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic potential when administered simultaneously with the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DXR) using the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) and Epithelial Tumor Test (ETT) using Drosophila melanogaster as a model system. Third-stage larvae from a standard (ST) and high metabolic bioactivation (HB) crosses were treated with different kavain concentrations (32, 64 or 128 μg/ml), alone or in conjunction with DXR (0.125 mg/ml). In ST descendants, kavain produced no significant mutagenic or recombinogenic effects. In the HB cross, mutagenic activity was observed at kavain concentrations of 64 and 128 μg/ml. In the DXR and kavain co-treatment, a modulating effect of the DXR-mediated mutagenic response dependent upon the concentration was detected in both crosses. In ETT, no marked carcinogenic or anticarcinogenic activity was noted for kavain. However, when kavain was combined with DXR synergistic induction of tumors by the chemotherapeutic drug occurred indicating that kavain enhanced the carcinogenic action of DXR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Teixeira da Silva
- Department of Chemistry, State Post-Graduation Program in Chemistry, University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics, Center for Natural Sciences, State University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Júlia Braga Martins
- Laboratory of Genetics, Center for Natural Sciences, State University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Marcos de Almeida
- Laboratory of Genetics, Center for Natural Sciences, State University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Health Sciences Center, State University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Silva Sá
- Department of Chemistry, State Post-Graduation Program in Chemistry, University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Francielle Alline Martins
- Department of Chemistry, State Post-Graduation Program in Chemistry, University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics, Center for Natural Sciences, State University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
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Thimmegowda GG, Mullen S, Sottilare K, Sharma A, Mohanta R, Brockmann A, Dhandapany PS, Olsson SB. A field-based quantitative analysis of sublethal effects of air pollution on pollinators. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:20653-20661. [PMID: 32778582 PMCID: PMC7456092 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009074117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
While the impact of air pollution on human health is well studied, mechanistic impacts of air pollution on wild systems, including those providing essential ecosystem services, are largely unknown, but directly impact our health and well-being. India is the world's largest fruit producer, second most populous country, and contains 9 of the world's 10 most polluted cities. Here, we sampled Giant Asian honey bees, Apis dorsata, at locations with varying air pollution levels in Bangalore, India. We observed significant correlations between increased respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM) deposition and changes in bee survival, flower visitation, heart rate, hemocyte levels, and expression of genes related to lipid metabolism, stress, and immunity. Lab-reared Drosophila melanogaster exposed to these same sites also exhibited similar molecular and physiological differences. Our study offers a quantitative analysis on the current impacts of air pollution on insects, and indicates the urgency for more nonhuman studies to accurately assess the effects of pollution on our natural world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha G Thimmegowda
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, India 560065;
| | - Susan Mullen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | | | - Ankit Sharma
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India 560065
| | - Rishika Mohanta
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, India 560065
| | - Axel Brockmann
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, India 560065
| | - Perundurai S Dhandapany
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India 560065
- The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239
- Department of Medicine and Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Shannon B Olsson
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, India 560065;
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Baesse CQ, Tolentino VCDM, Morelli S, Melo C. Effect of urbanization on the micronucleus frequency in birds from forest fragments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:631-637. [PMID: 30658298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The urbanization contributes to environment contamination, mainly by the increased vehicle traffic. This intense traffic releases in the air chemical compounds with mutagenic properties that can affect the entire ecosystem. The birds for the flight accumulate air, absorbing gases or particles. The absorption of this polluted air may be causative agent responsible for micronucleus (MN) induction in bird erythrocytes. The quantitative analysis of MN in birds can assists in the monitoring environmental quality of various places. The study aimed to quantify the MN frequency in birds and compare their variation: I) among forest fragments distant from and near to urbanization, II) among species and populations of birds and III) to find if there is a relation between vehicle traffic and MN induction. The capture of the birds took place in four forest fragments in central Brazil (two distant and two near the city) using mist nets. Blood smears were prepared with blood collected from the tarso-metatarsal vein. A total of 354 individuals were analyzed and MN were found in 52% of the individuals analyzed. All sampled birds were identified and resulted to belong to 50 different species, only 4 of which were captured in all the 4 forest fragments. The average MN frequency, regardless of bird species and sampling area, was 1.04/10,000 erythrocytes. From an overall analysis carried out on all birds, the MN frequencies were found to vary among forest fragments distant from and near to urbanization (x2 =15.513; p < 0.001) and demonstrated positive correlation between vehicle traffic intensity and the MN frequency (r = 0.988; df=2; p = 0.011). The species of birds presented variation in the amount of MN (x2 = 84.64; df=49; p = 0.001). Therefore, a restricted analysis carried out on the 4 species of birds present in all the forest fragments showed that the populations of Antilophia galeata (x2 =6.029; p = 0.014), Basileuterus culicivorus (x2 =9.53; p = 0.002), Eucometis penicillata (x2 =8.067; p = 0.005) and Myiothlypis flaveola (x2 =4.771; p = 0.029) showed difference in the MN frequency, when compared between forest fragments distant from and near to cities. The analysis demonstrated that birds living in forest areas near to the city presented higher MN frequency, probably because pollutants generated by urbanization affect birds and that the larger the vehicle traffic the greater the induced MN in the birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Queiroz Baesse
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustics, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Cytogenetic and Mutagenesis Laboratory, Umuarama Campus, Avenida Pará 1720, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil.
| | - Vitor Carneiro de Magalhães Tolentino
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustics, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of Natural Resources, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Sandra Morelli
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Cytogenetic and Mutagenesis Laboratory, Umuarama Campus, Avenida Pará 1720, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Celine Melo
- Federal University of Uberlândia, Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Ornithology and Bioacoustics, Umuarama Campus, Rua Ceará, s/n, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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