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Jha S, Banerjee S, Ghosh S, Verma A, Bhattacharyya P. Eisenia fetida-driven vermitechnology for the eco-friendly transformation of steel waste slag into organic amendment: An insight through microbial diversity and multi-model approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118636. [PMID: 38458585 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The processing of steel waste slag from the black metallurgical sector seriously threatened the ecology. To counter these dangers, appropriate detoxification methods were required. Vermitechnology was one such strategy that could successfully convert this industrial waste into nutrient-rich products suitable for use in agriculture. This research primarily focuses on employing vermitechnology for the transformation of waste steel slag into vermicompost and to determine changes in microbial composition, nutrient cycling, and metal detoxification facilitated by earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Earthworm populations in steel waste vermibeds (sw-vermibeds) increased by 2.87-3.07 folds. T1(SW + CD-1:1) comparatively showed increased levels of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Microbial and enzymatic parameters were more pronounced in treatment T1. The findings of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) diversity demonstrate microbial diversity and fatty acid composition. Based on PLFA Sobol Sensitivity Analysis (SSA), PUFA and cyclo were the most sensitive inputs to the presence of heavy metal (HMs) concentrations in SW. In accordance with Taylor-based modelling, R-tree, and Mars were the most trusted regression models for predicting HMs toxicity on microbes. The bioavailable metal fractions of HMs (Fe, Ni, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Cr) decreased by 61-83%. The correlation was performed for 0 and 90 days for metal microbial interactions r (0 days), [BSR vs Fe, Cd, Cu, Ni = -0.99, -0.82, -0.43, -0.99] and r (90 days), [FDA vs Fe, Cu, Ni = -0.97, -0.47, -0.95]. Overall, the results indicated that T1(1:1 SW + CD) provided more favorable conditions for the development of microbes and Eisenia fetida. This research presents a new perspective to the world community on the transformation of harmful steel waste slag into advantageous biological resources by introducing a novel method of employing Eisenia fetida to remediate hazardous steel waste slag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Jha
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, 815301, Jharkhand, India; Department of Zoology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribagh, 825301, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sonali Banerjee
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, 815301, Jharkhand, India
| | - Saibal Ghosh
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, 815301, Jharkhand, India
| | - Anjana Verma
- Department of Zoology, Vinoba Bhave University, Hazaribagh, 825301, Jharkhand, India
| | - Pradip Bhattacharyya
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, 815301, Jharkhand, India.
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Szada-Borzyszkowska A, Krzyżak J, Rusinowski S, Sitko K, Pogrzeba M. Toxic effect of mercury on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonisation and physiological status of three seed-based Miscanthus hybrids. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127391. [PMID: 38219458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, mercury pollution is a widespread problem in the world. As mercury is difficult to remove from the environment, it has long-term negative effects on soil health and human life. One of the techniques to stabilise Hg is phytostabilisation, which can be supported by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). METHODS In a 4-month pot experiment, we investigated the suitability of three seed-based Miscanthus hybrids (GNT3, GNT34, GNT43) for growth on soils heavily polluted with mercury (6795.7 mg kg-1). During the experiment, the effects of high soil contamination with mercury on physiological parameters and colonisation of roots of seed-based Miscanthus hybrids by indigenous AMF from Hg-contaminated and uncontaminated soils were investigated. RESULTS A high pseudo-total Hg concentration (6795.75 mg kg-1) in soil was found. The Hg content in the aerial part of GNT34 grown on Hg-contaminated soil was 1.5 times and 3 times higher than GNT3 and GNT43, respectively. The Hg content in the roots of GNT3 on Hg-contaminated soil was 25% and 10% lower than that of GNT34 and GNT43, respectively. The N content in the aboveground part of GNT34 in the Hg variant was 13.5% lower compared to the control soil. The P and K content in the shoots of the Miscanthus hybrids was lower in the plants grown on Hg-contaminated soil. The P content in GNT43 in the Hg variant was 33% and 19% lower than in GNT34 and GNT3, respectively. The K content in GNT34 in the Hg variant was 24.7% and 31.4% higher than in GNT43 and GNT3, respectively. The dry weight of the shoots and roots as well as the shoot height of the Miscanthus hybrids were lower in Hg-contaminated soil. Lower values of AMF root colonisation parameters (F, M) were observed in the plants in the Hg variant. In the Hg variant, a lower photosynthetic rate and a decrease in chlorophyll content were observed in the leaves of the Miscanthus hybrids. In the Hg variant, an increase in the content of flavonols was observed. The strongest toxic effect of mercury on the light phase of photosynthesis was measured in GNT34. CONCLUSION Soils heavily contaminated with mercury negatively affected the physiological parameters of Miscanthus, as evidenced by a decrease in photosynthetic rate and biomass. The ability of indigenous AMF from Hg-contaminated soils to colonise the roots of seed-based Miscanthus hybrids was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacek Krzyżak
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844 Katowice, Poland
| | - Szymon Rusinowski
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844 Katowice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sitko
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844 Katowice, Poland; Plant Ecophysiology Team, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellońska St., 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta Pogrzeba
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844 Katowice, Poland.
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Charan K, Bhattacharyya P, Bhattacharya SS. Vermitechnology transforms hazardous red mud into benign organic input for agriculture: Insights on earthworm-microbe interaction, metal removal, and soil-crop improvement. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120320. [PMID: 38377754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Bioremediation of hazardous bauxite residues, red mud (RM), through vermicomposting has yet to be attempted. Therefore, the valorization potential of Eisenia fetida in various RM and cow dung (CD) mixtures was compared to aerobic composting. Earthworm fecundity and biomass growth were hindered in RM + CD (1:1) feedstock but enhanced in RM + CD (1:3). The pH of highly alkaline RM-feedstocks sharply reduced (>17%) due to vermicomposting. N, P, and K availability increased dramatically with Ca and Na reduction under vermicomposting. Additionally, ∼40-60% bioavailable metal fractions were transformed to obstinate (organic matter and residual bound) forms upon vermicomposting. Consequently, the total metal concentrations were significantly reduced with considerably high earthworm bioaccumulation. Microbial growth and enzyme activity were more significant under vermicomposting than composting. Correlation statistics revealed that microbial augmentation significantly facilitated a metal reduction in RM-vermibeds. Eventually, RM-vermicompost stimulated sesame growth and improved soil health with the least heavy metal contamination to soil and crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Charan
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, 815301, Jharkhand, India
| | - Pradip Bhattacharyya
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, 815301, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Satya Sundar Bhattacharya
- Soil and Agro Bio-engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784 028, India.
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Devi J, Mandal H, Das S, Gogoi N, Chattopadhyay P, Bhattacharya SS. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) remediation during vermicomposting and composting: Mechanistic insights through PAH-budgeting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:105202-105219. [PMID: 37710064 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29705-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge on the mechanism of earthworm-induced removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in vermicomposting systems and interaction with nutrient mineralization and microbial growth is scarce in literature. Moreover, the PAH accumulation capacity of Eudrilus eugeniae has not been studied. This research, therefore, investigates the apportionment dynamics of 13 PAH compounds in aerobic composting and vermicomposting (Eisenia fetida and E. eugeniae) systems using novel budget equations. The PAH removal efficiency of vermicomposting was significantly higher (2-threefold) than composting with concurrent microbial augmentation (p < 0.01). However, the 4-6 ring compounds reduced more significantly (30-50%) than the 3-ring PAHs (p < 0.01), and E. eugeniae was an equally competitive PAH-accumulator compared to E. fetida. The budget equations revealed that although the bioaccumulation capabilities of earthworms were retarded due to PAH exposure, earthworms facilitated PAH-immobilization in decomposed feedstock. A marked increase in bacterial, fungal, and actinomycetes proliferation in PAH-spiked vermibeds with parallel removal of the PAHs indicated that earthworm-induced microbial enrichment plays a vital role in PAH detoxification during vermicomposting. Correlation analyses strongly implied that earthworm-driven mineralization-humification balancing and microbial enrichment could be the critical mechanism of PAH remediation under vermicomposting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinnashri Devi
- Soil and Agro Bio-Engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Himadri Mandal
- Soil and Agro Bio-Engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Subhasish Das
- Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University (Pachhunga University College), Aizawl, 796001, Mizoram, India
| | - Nayanmoni Gogoi
- Ecohydrology and Biomaterials Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784 028, India
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defence Research Laboratory, Solmara, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India
| | - Satya Sundar Bhattacharya
- Soil and Agro Bio-Engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India.
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Krzyżak J, Rusinowski S, Sitko K, Szada-Borzyszkowska A, Stec R, Janota P, Jensen E, Kiesel A, Pogrzeba M. The effect of combined drought and trace metal elements stress on the physiological response of three Miscanthus hybrids. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10452. [PMID: 37380788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37564-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is a serious threat worldwide and has a significant impact on agricultural production and soil health. It can pose an even greater threat when it involves land contaminated with trace metal element (TMEs). To prevent desertification, such land should be properly managed and growing Miscanthus for energy or raw material purposes could be a solution. The effects of drought and TMEs were studied in a pot experiment on three different Miscanthus hybrids (conventional Miscanthus × giganteus, TV1 and GNT10) considering growth parameters, photosynthetic parameters and elemental composition of roots, rhizomes and shoots. GNT10 was characterised by the weakest gas exchange among the hybrids, which was compensated by the highest number of leaves and biomass. The strongest correlations between the studied parameters were found for TV1, which might indicate a high sensitivity to TME stress. For M × g and GNT10, the main mechanisms for coping with stress seem to be biomass management through number of shoots and leaves and gas exchange. The main factor determining the extent of accumulation of TMEs was the amount of water applied in the experimental treatment, which was related to the location of the plant in the aniso-isohydric continuum. GNT10 was the most resistant plant to combined stress, while it responded similarly to TV1 when drought and trace metal elements were applied separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Krzyżak
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha Street, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Szymon Rusinowski
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha Street, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sitko
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha Street, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
- Plant Ecophysiology Team, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellońska Street, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Radosław Stec
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha Street, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Paulina Janota
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha Street, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Elaine Jensen
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Andreas Kiesel
- Biobased Resources in the Bioeconomy (340B), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marta Pogrzeba
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha Street, 40-844, Katowice, Poland.
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Guan J, Teng K, Yue Y, Guo Y, Liu L, Yin S, Han L. Zoysia japonica Chlorophyll b Reductase Gene NOL Participates in Chlorophyll Degradation and Photosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:906018. [PMID: 35599887 PMCID: PMC9121134 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.906018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The degradation of chlorophyll is of great significance to plant growth. The chlorophyll b reductase NOL (NYC1-like) is in charge of catalyzing the degradation of chlorophyll b and maintaining the stability of the photosystem. However, the molecular mechanisms of NOL-mediated chlorophyll degradation, senescence, and photosynthesis and its functions in other metabolic pathways remain unclear, especially in warm-season turfgrass. In this study, ZjNOL was cloned from Zoysia japonica. It is highly expressed in senescent leaves. Subcellular localization investigation showed ZjNOL is localized in the chloroplast and the bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) results proved ZjNOL interacts with ZjNYC1 in vivo. ZjNOL promoted the accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and carbohydrates, and the increase of SAG14 at the transcriptional level. ZjNOL simultaneously led to the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activation of antioxidant enzymes, and the generation of oxidative stress, which in turn accelerated senescence. Chlorophyll fluorescence assay (JIP-test) analysis showed that ZjNOL inhibited photosynthetic efficiency mainly through damage to the oxygen-evolving complex. In total, these results suggest that ZjNOL promotes chlorophyll degradation and senescence and negatively affects the integrity and functionality of the photosystem. It could be a valuable candidate gene for genome editing to cultivate Z. japonica germplasm with prolonged green period and improved photosynthesis efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Guan
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Teng
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers, and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuesen Yue
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers, and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yidi Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Liu
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxia Yin
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Liebao Han
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Roy S, Sarkar D, Datta R, Bhattacharya SS, Bhattacharyya P. Assessing the arsenic-saturated biochar recycling potential of vermitechnology: Insights on nutrient recovery, metal benignity, and microbial activity. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131660. [PMID: 34315078 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar mediated pollutant removal is gaining attention because of high efficiency of the process. However, effective recycling avenues of the pollutant-saturated biochars are scarce in the knowledge base; while such materials can be a new source of long-range contamination. Therefore, potential of vermitechnology for eco-friendly recycling of pollutant-loaded biochar was assessed by using arsenic-saturated native (NBC) and exfoliated (EBC) biochars as feedstocks for the first time. Interestingly, the bioavailable arsenic fractions (water soluble and exchangeable) considerably reduced by 22-44 % with concurrent increment (~8-15 %) of the recalcitrant (residual and organic bound) fractions in the biochar-based feedstocks. Consequently, ~2-3 folds removal of the total arsenic was achieved through vermicomposting. The earthworm population growth (2.5-3 folds) was also highly satisfactory in the biochar-based feedstocks. The results clearly imply that Eisenia fetida could compensate the arsenic-induced stress to microbial population and greatly augmented microbial biomass, respiration and enzyme activity by 3-12 folds. Moreover, biochar-induced alkalinity was significantly neutralized in the vermibeds, which remarkably balanced the TOC level and nutrient (N, P, and K) availability particularly in EBC + CD vermibeds. Overall, the nutrient recovery potential and arsenic removal efficiency of vermitechnology was clearly exhibited in NBC/EBC + CD (12.5:87.5) feedstocks. Hence, it is abundantly clear that vermitechnology can be a suitable option for eco-friendly recycling of pollutant-saturated sorbing agents, like biochars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvrodeb Roy
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, 815301, India
| | - Dibyendu Sarkar
- Stevens Institute of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Ocean Engineering, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Rupali Datta
- Department of Biological Science, Michigan Technological University, Michigan, USA
| | - Satya Sundar Bhattacharya
- Soil and Agro-bioengineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India.
| | - Pradip Bhattacharyya
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, 815301, India.
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Borgulat J, Łukasik W, Borgulat A, Nadgórska-Socha A, Kandziora-Ciupa M. Influence of lead on the activity of soil microorganisms in two Beskidy landscape parks. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:839. [PMID: 34820719 PMCID: PMC8613082 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09503-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the potential impact of lead on soil metabolism in two landscape parks localized in the Beskid Śląski and Beskid Żywiecki mountains which were affected, among others, by air pollution from the Upper Silesian Industrial Region, the largest industrial zone in Poland. The study was carried out in six locations with different lead levels in the soil environment. Each plot was equipped with four pairs of vacuum ceramic lysimeters to assess the mobility of Pb in the soil. The metabolic activity was assessed by measuring: soil enzyme activity, soil respiration and by studying community-level physiological profiling (CLPP) using Biolog EcoPlates technique. The soil to the examination was collected near the stands with the lysimeters from two soil horizons (A and B layer). The analyses carried out showed that the factors that had the greatest influence on lead mobility were the organic carbon content and the soil pH. The elevated lead level in the topsoil (layer A) could affect the functional biodiversity of soil microorganisms, but low soil pH was a more likely limiting factor. In the subsoil (layer B), lower lead content was found and its probable effect on soil microbial activity was small. In summary, it can be concluded that the assessment of the influence of heavy metals on soil metabolism is not easy, and the Biolog system has proven to be a sensitive tool for assessing the potential impact of heavy metals on the soil environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Borgulat
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, Kossutha 6, 40-844, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Włodzimierz Łukasik
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, Kossutha 6, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Borgulat
- Department of Water Protection, Central Mining Institute, pl. Gwarków 1, 40-166, Katowice, Poland
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Zhang H, Liu X, Zhang H, Wang Y, Li T, Che Y, Wang J, Guo D, Sun G, Li X. Thioredoxin-like protein CDSP32 alleviates Cd-induced photosynthetic inhibition in tobacco leaves by regulating cyclic electron flow and excess energy dissipation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 167:831-839. [PMID: 34530327 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-like protein CDSP32 (Trx CDSP32), a thioredoxin-like (Trx-like) protein located in the chloroplast, can regulate photosynthesis and the redox state of plants under stress. In order to examine the role of Trx CDSP32 in the photosynthetic apparatus of plants exposed to cadmium (Cd), the effects of Trx CDSP32 on photosynthetic function and photoprotection in tobacco leaves under Cd exposure were studied using a proteomics approach with wild-type (WT) and Trx CDSP32 overexpression (OE) tobacco plants. Cd exposure reduced stomatal conductance, blocked PSII photosynthetic electron transport, and inhibited carbon assimilation. Increased water use efficiency (WUE), cyclic electron flow (CEF) of the proton gradient regulation 5 pathway (PGR5-CEF), and regulated energy dissipation [Y(NPQ)] are important mechanisms of Cd adaptation. However, CEF of the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase pathway (NDH-CEF) was inhibited by Cd exposure. Relative to control conditions, the expression levels of violaxanthin de-epoxidase (VDE) and photosystem II 22 kDa protein (PsbS) in OE leaves were significantly increased under Cd exposure, but those in WT leaves did not change significantly. Moreover, the expression of zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZE) under Cd exposure was significantly higher than that in WT leaves. Thus, Trx CDSP32 increased Y(NPQ) and alleviated PSII photoinhibition under Cd exposure. Trx CDSP32 not only increased PGR5-like protein 1A and 1B expression, but also alleviated the down-regulation of NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunits induced by Cd exposure. Thus, Trx CDSP32 promotes CEF in Cd-exposed tobacco leaves. Thus, Trx CDSP32 alleviates the Cd-induced photoinhibition in tobacco leaves by regulating two photoprotective mechanisms: CEF and xanthophyll cycle-dependent energy dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanhui Che
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiechen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dandan Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Xin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; School of Forestry, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
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Gieroń Ż, Sitko K, Małkowski E. The Different Faces of Arabidopsis arenosa-A Plant Species for a Special Purpose. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1342. [PMID: 34209450 PMCID: PMC8309363 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The following review article collects information on the plant species Arabidopsis arenosa. Thus far, A. arenosa has been known as a model species for autotetraploidy studies because, apart from diploid individuals, there are also tetraploid populations, which is a unique feature of this Arabidopsis species. In addition, A arenosa has often been reported in heavy metal-contaminated sites, where it occurs together with a closely related species A. halleri, a model plant hyperaccumulator of Cd and Zn. Recent studies have shown that several populations of A. arenosa also exhibit Cd and Zn hyperaccumulation. However, it is assumed that the mechanism of hyperaccumulation differs between these two Arabidopsis species. Nevertheless, this phenomenon is still not fully understood, and thorough research is needed. In this paper, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding research on A. arenosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krzysztof Sitko
- Plant Ecophysiology Team, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellońska Str., 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Eugeniusz Małkowski
- Plant Ecophysiology Team, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellońska Str., 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
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Zhang H, Xu Z, Guo K, Huo Y, He G, Sun H, Guan Y, Xu N, Yang W, Sun G. Toxic effects of heavy metal Cd and Zn on chlorophyll, carotenoid metabolism and photosynthetic function in tobacco leaves revealed by physiological and proteomics analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 202:110856. [PMID: 32629202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
To explore the mechanisms underlying the action of the heavy metals Cd and Zn on the photosynthetic function of plant leaves, the effects of 100 μmol L-1 Cd and 200 μmol L-1 Zn stress (the exposure concentrations of Cd and Zn in the culture medium were 2.24 mg kg-1 and 5.36 mg kg-1) on the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents as well as the photosynthetic function of tobacco leaves (Long Jiang 911) were studied. The key proteins in these physiological processes were quantitatively analyzed using a TMT-based proteomics approach. Cd stress was found to inhibit the expression of key enzymes during chlorophyll synthesis in leaves, resulting in a decrease of the Chl content. However, Zn stress did not significantly influence the chlorophyll content. Leaves adapted to Zn stress by upregulating CAO expression and increase the Chl b content. Although the Car content in leaves did not significantly change under either Cd or Zn stress, the expressions of ZE and VDE during Car metabolism decreased significantly under Cd stress. This was accompanied by damages to the xanthophyll cycle and the NPQ-dependent energy dissipation mechanism. In contrast, under Zn stress, leaves adapted to Zn stress by increasing the expression of VDE, thus improving NPQ. Under Cd stress, the expressions of three sets of proteins were significantly down-regulated, including PSII donor-side proteins (PPD3, PPD6, OEE1, OEE2-1, OEE2-2, OEE2-3, and OEE3-2), receptor-side proteins (D1, D2, CP43, CP47, Cyt b559α, Cyt b559β, PsbL, PsbQ, PsbR, Psb27-H1, and Psb28), and core proteins of the PSI reaction center (psaA, psaB, psaC, psaD, psaE-A, PsaE-B, psaF, psaG, psaH-1, psaK, psaL, psaN, and psaOL). In comparison, only eight of the above proteins (PPD6, OEE3-2, PsbL, PsbQ, Psb27-H1, psaL, and psaOL) were significantly down-regulated by Zn stress. Under Cd stress, both the donor side and the receptor side of PSII were damaged, and PSII and PSI experienced severe photoinhibition. However, Zn stress did not decrease either PSII or PSI activities in tobacco leaves. In addition, the expression of electron transport-related proteins (cytb6/f complex, PC, Fd, and FNR), ATPase subunits, Rubisco subunits, and RCA decreased significantly in leaves under Cd stress. However, no significant changes were observed in any of these proteins under Zn stress. Although Cd stress was found to up-regulate the expressions of PGRL1A and PGRL1B and induce an increase of PGR5/PGRL1-CEF in tobacco leaves, NDH-CEF was significantly inhibited. Under Zn stress, the expressions of ndhH and PGRL1A in leaves were significantly up-regulated, but there were no significant changes in either NDH-CEF or PGR5/PGRL-CEF. Under Cd stress, the expressions of proteins related to Fd-dependent nitrogen metabolism and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging processes (e.g., FTR, Fd-NiR, and Fd-GOGAT) were significantly down-regulated in leaves. However, no significant changes of any of the above proteins were identified under Zn stress. In summary, Cd stress could inhibit the synthesis of chlorophyll in tobacco leaves, significantly down-regulate the expressions of photosynthesis-related proteins or subunits, and suppress both the xanthophyll cycle and NDH-CEF process. The expressions of proteins related to the Fd-dependent nitrogen metabolism and ROS scavenging were also significantly down-regulated, which blocked the photosynthetic electron transport, thus resulting in severe photoinhibition of both PSII and PSI. However, Zn stress had little effect on the photosynthetic function of tobacco leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zisong Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kaiwen Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuze Huo
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guoqiang He
- Mudanjiang Tobacco Science Research Institute, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Mudanjiang Tobacco Science Research Institute, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yupeng Guan
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Natural Resources and Ecology Institute, Heilongjiang Sciences Academy, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Guangyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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12
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Huihui Z, Xin L, Zisong X, Yue W, Zhiyuan T, Meijun A, Yuehui Z, Wenxu Z, Nan X, Guangyu S. Toxic effects of heavy metals Pb and Cd on mulberry (Morus alba L.) seedling leaves: Photosynthetic function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism responses. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110469. [PMID: 32179235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To explore the mechanism of how lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) stress affects photosynthesis of mulberry (Morus alba L.), we looked at the effects of different concentrations of Pb and Cd stress (at 100 and 200 μmol L-1), which are two heavy metal elements, on leaf chlorophyll (Chl), photosynthesis gas exchange, Chl fluorescence, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism in mulberry leaves. The results showed that higher concentrations of Pb and Cd reduced leaf Chl content, especially in Chl a where content was more sensitive than in Chl b. Under Pb and Cd stress, the photosynthetic carbon assimilation capacity of mulberry leaves was reduced, which was a consequence of combined limitations of stomatal and non-stomatal factors. The main non-stomatal factors were decreased photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) activity and carboxylation efficiency (CE). Damage to the donor side of the PSII reaction center was greater than the acceptor side. After being treated with 100 μmol L-1 of Pb and Cd, mulberry leaves continued to be able to dissipate excess excitation energy by starting non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), but when Pb and Cd concentrations were increased to 200 μmol L-1, the protection mechanism that depends on NPQ was impaired. Excessive excitation energy from chloroplasts promoted a great increase of ROS, such as superoxide anion (O2•-) and H2O2. Moreover, under high Pb and Cd stress, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were also inhibited to some extent, and excessive ROS also resulted in a significantly higher degree of oxidative damage. Compared with Cd, the effect of Pb stress at the same concentration level displayed a significantly lower impact on Chl content, photosynthetic carbon assimilation, and stomatal conductance. Meanwhile, Pb stress mainly damaged activity of the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) located on PSII donor side, but it reduced the electronic pressure on the PSII acceptor side and PSI. Furthermore, under Pb stress, the NPQ, SOD, and APX activity were all significantly higher than those under Cd stress. Thus under Pb stress, the degree of photoinhibition and oxidative damage of PSII and PSI in mulberry leaves were significantly lower than under Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Huihui
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Xin
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xu Zisong
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Teng Zhiyuan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - An Meijun
- Developmental Center of Heilongjiang Provincial Sericulture and Bee Industry, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhang Yuehui
- Developmental Center of Heilongjiang Provincial Sericulture and Bee Industry, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhu Wenxu
- School of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Nan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Natural Resources and Ecology Institute, Heilongjiang Sciences Academy, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Sun Guangyu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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Dai H, Wei S, Pogrzeba M, Rusinowski S, Krzyżak J, Jia G. Exogenous jasmonic acid decreased Cu accumulation by alfalfa and improved its photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant system. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110176. [PMID: 31927358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) is an important phytohormone, which among others may be involved in the regulation of plant accumulating heavy metal. This experiment was designed to explore the effects of exogenous JA on the responses of alfalfa to Cu stress (100 μM) in Hoagland solution. When 1, 5 or 10 mM JA was added to the treatment with Cu addition, Cu concentrations in roots and leaves of alfalfa were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) to some extents compared to the treatment without JA addition. The biomasses of roots and leaves of alfalfa in treatments of JA additions were significantly increased (p < 0.05) compared to the Cu stress treatment. Similarly, the concentrations of Chlorophyll, antioxidant enzyme activities, MDA and H2O2 were improved accordingly. But these factors of JA were not improved further when its concentration added in media was the highest (10 mM), indicating its improvement roles were limited. These results suggested that there were positive roles of exogenous JA on alfalfa decreased its Cu accumulation and toxicities might via reduced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Dai
- College of Biological Science & Engineering, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, China
| | - Shuhe Wei
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Marta Pogrzeba
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Szymon Rusinowski
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jacek Krzyżak
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Genliang Jia
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
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14
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Pogrzeba M, Rusinowski S, Krzyżak J, Szada-Borzyszkowska A, McCalmont JP, Zieleźnik-Rusinowska P, Słaboń N, Sas-Nowosielska A. Dactylis glomerata L. cultivation on mercury contaminated soil and its physiological response to granular sulphur aided phytostabilization. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113271. [PMID: 31550655 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Most mercury (Hg) deposition in the environment results from anthropogenic inputs, Chlor-Alkali Plants (CAPs) particularly had a significant Hg impact on the environment at a regional scale. Exposure to mercury compounds resulting in various toxic effects for living organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of granular sulphur (S) soil amendment and cultivation of Dactylis glomerata to decrease gaseous mercury emission to the atmosphere and mercury mobility in soils affected by CAP activity in the past. The effect of this approach on D. glomerata physiological status was also assessed (Hg concentration in biomass, chlorophyll a fluorescence, pigment contents and oxidative stress). Stabilization of mercury in soil and reduction of root and shoot concentration did not influence biomass production. Despite similar yields, photosynthetic efficiency was higher for plants grown in sulphur amended soil compared to unamended soil, particularly observed in phenomenological energy fluxes. Relative chlorophyll content was 30% lower for amended soil plants, however based on chlorophyll fluorescence data those were in high portion ineffective. Oxidative stress products and catalase activity did not differ significantly between experimental treatments. Sulphur amendment was a key factor for reduction of Hg mobility in soil (reduced by about 30%) while plant cover was significant for the reduction of Hg atmospheric emission (emissions were 2-times higher in sulphur amended soil without plant cover). Due to the very high concentration of Hg in soil (798.2 ± 7.3 mg kg-1), growth inhibition was consistent regardless of treatment, demonstrated in the overload Reactive Oxygen Species scavenging mechanism and similar biomass yields. This leads to the conclusion that Hg may have greater impact on Calvin-Benson cycle associated enzymes than on the light-dependent photosynthesis phase. Despite these limitations this approach may still decrease environmental risks by reducing Hg emission to the atmosphere and reducing groundwater contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pogrzeba
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Szymon Rusinowski
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jacek Krzyżak
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Jon Paul McCalmont
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Exeter University, United Kingdom
| | - Paulina Zieleźnik-Rusinowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellońska Street, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Norbert Słaboń
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha St., 40-844, Katowice, Poland
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15
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Rusinowski S, Krzyżak J, Sitko K, Kalaji HM, Jensen E, Pogrzeba M. Cultivation of C4 perennial energy grasses on heavy metal contaminated arable land: Impact on soil, biomass, and photosynthetic traits. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 250:300-311. [PMID: 31003142 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of three C4 perennial grasses (Miscanthus x giganteus, Panicum virgatum and Spartina pectinata) for biomass production on arable land unsuitable for food crop cultivation due to Pb, Cd and Zn contamination. We assessed soil properties, biomass yield, metal concentrations, and the photosynthetic performance of each species. Physico-chemical and elemental analyses were performed on soil samples before plantation establishment (2014) and after three years of cultivation (2016), when leaf area index, plant height, yield and heavy metal content of biomass were also determined. Physiological measurements (gas exchange, pigment content, chlorophyll a fluorescence) were recorded monthly between June and September on mature plants in 2016. Cultivation of investigated plants resulted in increased pH, nitrogen, and organic matter (OM) content in soil, although OM increase (13%) was significant only for S. pectinata plots. During the most productive months, maximal quantum yield values of primary photochemistry (Fv/Fm) and gas exchange parameter values reflected literature data of those plants grown on uncontaminated sites. Biomass yields of M. x giganteus (15.0 ± 0.4 t d.m. ha-1) and S. pectinata (12.6 ± 1.2 t d.m. ha-1) were also equivalent to data published from uncontaminated land. P. virgatum performed poorly (4.1 ± 0.4 t d.m. ha-1), probably due to unfavourable climatic conditions, although metal uptake in this species was the highest (3.6 times that of M. x giganteus for Pb). Yield and physiological measurements indicated that M. x giganteus and S. pectinata were unaffected by the levels of contamination and therefore offer alternatives for areas where food production is prohibited. The broad cultivatable latitudinal range of these species suggests these results are widely relevant for development of the bioeconomy. We recommend multi-location trials under diverse contaminant and environmental regimes to determine the full potential of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rusinowski
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha Street, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - J Krzyżak
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha Street, 40-844, Katowice, Poland
| | - K Sitko
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellońska Street, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - H M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E Jensen
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, Wales, SY23 3EB, UK
| | - M Pogrzeba
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, 6 Kossutha Street, 40-844, Katowice, Poland.
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16
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Szopiński M, Sitko K, Gieroń Ż, Rusinowski S, Corso M, Hermans C, Verbruggen N, Małkowski E. Toxic Effects of Cd and Zn on the Photosynthetic Apparatus of the Arabidopsis halleri and Arabidopsis arenosa Pseudo-Metallophytes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:748. [PMID: 31244873 PMCID: PMC6563759 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance of Trace Metal Elements (TME) like Cd and Zn are highly variable in pseudo-metallophytes species. In this study we compared the impact of high Cd or Zn concentration on the photosynthetic apparatus of the Arabidopsis arenosa and Arabidopsis halleri pseudo-metallophytes growing on the same contaminated site in Piekary Slaskie in southern Poland. Plants were grown in hydroponic culture for 6 weeks, and then treated with 1.0 mM Cd or 5.0 mM Zn for 5 days. Chlorophyll a fluorescence and pigment content were measured after 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days in plants grown in control and exposed to Cd or Zn treatments. Moreover, the effect of TME excess on the level of oxidative stress and gas-exchange parameters were investigated. In both plant species, exposure to high Cd or Zn induced a decrease in chlorophyll and an increase in anthocyanin contents in leaves compared to the control condition. After 5 days Cd treatment, energy absorbance, trapped energy flux and the percentage of active reaction centers decreased in both species. However, the dissipated energy flux in the leaves of A. arenosa was smaller than in A. halleri. Zn treatment had more toxic effect than Cd on electron transport in A. halleri compared with A. arenosa. A. arenosa plants treated with Zn excess did not react as strongly as in the Cd treatment and a decrease only in electron transport flux and percentage of active reaction centers compared with control was observed. The two species showed contrasting Cd and Zn accumulation. Cd concentration was almost 3-fold higher in A. arenosa leaves than in A. halleri. On the opposite, A. halleri leaves contained 3-fold higher Zn concentration than A. arenosa. In short, our results showed that the two Arabidopsis metallicolous populations are resistant to high Cd or Zn concentration, however, the photosynthetic apparatus responded differently to the toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Szopiński
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- *Correspondence: Michał Szopiński
| | - Krzysztof Sitko
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Żaneta Gieroń
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Massimiliano Corso
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Génétique Moléculaire des Plantes, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Hermans
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Génétique Moléculaire des Plantes, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Verbruggen
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Génétique Moléculaire des Plantes, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eugeniusz Małkowski
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- Eugeniusz Małkowski
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