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Thamizharasan A, Aishwarya M, Mohan V, Krishnamoorthi S, Gajalakshmi S. Assessment of microbial flora and pesticidal effect of vermicast generated from Azadirachta indica (neem) for developing a biofertilizer-cum-pesticide as a single package. Microb Pathog 2024; 192:106690. [PMID: 38759935 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The soil comprising organic matter, nutrients, serve as substrate for plant growth and various organisms. In areas where there are large plantations, there is a huge leaf litter fall. The leaf litter upon decomposition releases nutrients and helps in nutrient recycling, for which the soil engineers such as earthworms, ants and termites are important key players. In this context, the present study was conducted to assess the characteristics of the vermicast obtained by vermicomposting neem leaf litter in terms of microbial flora, plant growth promoting properties and antagonistic activities of the vermicast against phytopathogens. Vermicomposting of neem leaf litter was done using two epigeic earthworm species Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae. The vermicast exhibited antagonistic potential against plant pathogens. Out of the four vermiwash infusions studied, the 75 % formulation reduced the disease incidence against mealybug by 82 % in the tree Neolamarkia cadamba. The result of the study suggests that vermicast made from neem leaf litter may be a potent combination of a biofertilizer and a pesticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Thamizharasan
- Centre for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - M Aishwarya
- Centre for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - V Mohan
- Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Krishnamoorthi
- Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Gajalakshmi
- Centre for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014, India.
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Hrčka M, Hřebečková T, Hanč A, Grasserová A, Cajthaml T. Changes in the content of emerging pollutants and potentially hazardous substances during vermi/composting of a mixture of sewage sludge and moulded pulp. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123736. [PMID: 38458521 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Processing sewage sludge can be problematic due to its potential environmental toxicity. It may contain high concentrations of pharmaceuticals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heavy metals, as well as pathogenic microorganisms. However, it is a good source of organic matter and rich in microbial communities and enzymatic activity. This study deals with composting and vermicomposting of pre-composted mixtures of two different kinds of sewage sludge blended with moulded pulp in an operating composting plant. Of the total number and concentration of pollutants detected in individual piles, a large percentage of them were reduced by the composting process. The composting 2 process resulted in the greatest reduction in contaminating substances--a total of 19 substances by 4.39-90.4%. Some pharmaceuticals accumulated in earthworm bodies during vermicomposting; a total of 11 substances were detected. Atorvastatin showed the highest percentage reduction in compost 2 (90.4%), vermicompost 1 (65.2%) and vermicompost 2 (97.3%). Both composting and vermicomposting appeared to be effective for removal of heavy metals. A higher content of microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) was found in composts than vermicomposts. There was a significant reduction in the content of pathogenic microorganisms in both processes, but the reduction in enterococci was not significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hrčka
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, The Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague, 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - T Hřebečková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, The Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague, 165 21, Czech Republic.
| | - A Hanč
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, The Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague, 165 21, Czech Republic
| | - A Grasserová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Prague, 128 00, Czech Republic
| | - T Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Prague, 128 00, Czech Republic
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Grasserová A, Pacheco NIN, Semerád J, Filipová A, Innemanová P, Hanč A, Procházková P, Cajthaml T. New insights into vermiremediation of sewage sludge: The effect of earthworms on micropollutants and vice versa. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 174:496-508. [PMID: 38128368 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Vermicomposting represents an environmentally friendly method for the treatment of various types of biowastes, including sewage sludge (SS), as documented in numerous studies. However, there are few papers providing insights into the mechanisms and toxicity effects involved in SS vermicomposting to present a comprehensive overview of the process. In this work, the vermiremediation of SS containing various micropollutants, including pharmaceuticals, personal care products, endocrine disruptors, and per/polyfluoroalkyl substances, was studied. Two SSs originating from different wastewater treatment plants (WWTP1 and WWTP2) were mixed with a bulking agent, moistened straw, at ratios of 0, 25, 50, and 75% SS. Eisenia andrei earthworms were introduced into the mixtures, and after six weeks, the resulting materials were subjected to various types of chemical and toxicological analyses, including conventional assays (mortality, weight) as well as tissue- and cell-level assays, such as malondialdehyde production, cytotoxicity tests and gene expression assays. Through the vermiremediation process significant removal of diclofenac (90%), metoprolol (88%), telmisartan (62%), and triclosan (81%) was achieved. Although the concentrations of micropollutants were substantially different in the original SS samples, the micropollutants vermiaccumulated to a similar extent over the incubation period. The earthworms substantially eliminated the present bacterial populations, especially in the 75% SS treatments, in which the average declines were 90 and 79% for WWTP1 and WWTP2, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the vermiremediation of such a large group of micropollutants in real SS samples and provide a thorough evaluation of the effect of SS on earthworms at tissue and cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Grasserová
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, Prague 2, 12801, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Natividad I N Pacheco
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, 14220, Czech Republic; First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, Prague 2, 12108, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45004 Toledo, Spain
| | - Jaroslav Semerád
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Filipová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Innemanová
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, Prague 2, 12801, Czech Republic; DEKONTA a.s, Dřetovice 109, Stehelčeves, 27342, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hanč
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 16500, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Procházková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, Prague 2, 12801, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4, 14220, Czech Republic.
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Hřebečková T, Králíková N, Hanč A, Wiesnerová L. Problems associated with vermicomposting of dog excrement in practice using Eisenia andrei. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:328-336. [PMID: 36128623 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x221123143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One 25-kg dog produces about 500 g of excrement per day. Excrement is a potentially hazardous material, as it may contain pathogenic microorganisms. Our samples were tested for the presence of thermotolerant coliform bacteria, Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., which are indicators of faecal contamination, as well as for the presence of helminths and their eggs. During the experiment, it was observed whether these microorganisms could be eliminated by vermicomposting. There were two variants of vermicomposting piles: one test pile (with continuous feeding) and one control pile (with a single feeding). The vermicomposting process was run in outdoor conditions in park for 51 weeks using Eisenia andrei earthworms. The vermicomposting of dog excrement with waste from park maintenance (1:2) can produce a good quality fertiliser. During the process of vermicomposting, there was a gradual decrease in the content of pathogenic bacteria. At the end of the vermicomposting process, there were no eggs or adult helminths. The vermicompost was very rich in microorganisms and enzymatic activity. The pH value was slightly alkaline, and the C:N ratio corresponded to value of mature vermicompost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Hřebečková
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, The Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Natálie Králíková
- Department Seeds and Planting Materials, Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hanč
- Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, The Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Wiesnerová
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Kokhanyuk B, Bodó K, Sétáló G, Németh P, Engelmann P. Bacterial Engulfment Mechanism Is Strongly Conserved in Evolution Between Earthworm and Human Immune Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:733541. [PMID: 34539669 PMCID: PMC8440998 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.733541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Invertebrates, including earthworms, are applied to study the evolutionarily conserved cellular immune processes. Earthworm immunocytes (so-called coelomocytes) are functionally similar to vertebrate myeloid cells and form the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Hereby, we compared the engulfment mechanisms of THP-1 human monocytic cells, differentiated THP-1 (macrophage-like) cells, and Eisenia andrei coelomocytes towards Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria applying various endocytosis inhibitors [amantadine, 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl) amiloride, colchicine, cytochalasin B, cytochalasin D, methyl-ß-cyclodextrin, and nystatin]. Subsequently, we investigated the messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of immune receptor-related molecules (TLR, MyD88, BPI) and the colocalization of lysosomes with engulfed bacteria following uptake inhibition in every cell type. Actin depolymerization by cytochalasin B and D has strongly inhibited the endocytosis of both bacterial strains in the studied cell types, suggesting the conserved role of actin-dependent phagocytosis. Decreased numbers of colocalized lysosomes/bacteria supported these findings. In THP-1 cells TLR expression was increased upon cytochalasin D pretreatment, while this inhibitor caused a dropped LBP/BPI expression in differentiated THP-1 cells and coelomocytes. The obtained data reveal further insights into the evolution of phagocytes in eukaryotes. Earthworm and human phagocytes possess analogous mechanisms for bacterial internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohdana Kokhanyuk
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kornélia Bodó
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - György Sétáló
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscope Laboratory, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Signal Transduction Research Group, János Szentágothai Research Centre, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Németh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Engelmann
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Houida S, Yakkou L, Bilen S, Raouane M, El Harti A, Amghar S. Taxonomic and functional characteristics of aerobic bacteria isolated from the chloragogenous tissue of the earthworm Aporrectodea molleri. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4805-4812. [PMID: 34196750 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02396-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Earthworms are considered as a rich microhabitat for the growth and proliferation of diverse soil microorganisms. Hence, earthworms' associated bacteria attracted interest due to their high metabolic profiles and benefits to soil fertility and plant growth. In this study, we aimed to isolate for the first-time aerobic bacteria present in the chloragogenous tissue of the earthworm Apporectodea molleri and test their Plant Growth-Promoting abilities and their resistance to heavy metals (Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, and Ni). The 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed the affiliation of the fifteen isolates to six main bacterial genera: Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Terribacillus. These strains displayed different plant growth promoting traits (e.g., indole-3-acetic acid IAA, siderophores, nitrogen fixation, phosphate, and potassium solubilization), in addition, they were able to resist differently to heavy metals. Bacillus strains were most effective as three strains, namely B. subtilis strain TC34; B. circulans strain TC7 and Bacillus sp. strain TC10, were positive to all PGP traits and resisted to all heavy metals. This study illustrates the potential of bacteria from the chloragogenous tissue to exhibit multiple properties, which can be related to the functional feature of this tissue to stock metabolites and neutralize toxic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Houida
- Research Team «Lumbricidae, Improving Soil Productivity and Environment (LAPSE)», Centre Eau, Ressources Naturelles, Environnement et Développement Durable (CERNE2D), Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), Mohammed V University in Rabat, 5118, Rabat, Morocco.,Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| | - Lamia Yakkou
- Research Team «Lumbricidae, Improving Soil Productivity and Environment (LAPSE)», Centre Eau, Ressources Naturelles, Environnement et Développement Durable (CERNE2D), Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), Mohammed V University in Rabat, 5118, Rabat, Morocco.,Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| | - Serdar Bilen
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey.
| | - Mohammed Raouane
- Research Team «Lumbricidae, Improving Soil Productivity and Environment (LAPSE)», Centre Eau, Ressources Naturelles, Environnement et Développement Durable (CERNE2D), Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), Mohammed V University in Rabat, 5118, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdellatif El Harti
- Research Team «Lumbricidae, Improving Soil Productivity and Environment (LAPSE)», Centre Eau, Ressources Naturelles, Environnement et Développement Durable (CERNE2D), Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), Mohammed V University in Rabat, 5118, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Souad Amghar
- Research Team «Lumbricidae, Improving Soil Productivity and Environment (LAPSE)», Centre Eau, Ressources Naturelles, Environnement et Développement Durable (CERNE2D), Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS), Mohammed V University in Rabat, 5118, Rabat, Morocco
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Navarro Pacheco NI, Roubalova R, Semerad J, Grasserova A, Benada O, Kofronova O, Cajthaml T, Dvorak J, Bilej M, Prochazkova P. In Vitro Interactions of TiO 2 Nanoparticles with Earthworm Coelomocytes: Immunotoxicity Assessment. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11010250. [PMID: 33477826 PMCID: PMC7832855 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are manufactured worldwide. Once they arrive in the soil environment, they can endanger living organisms. Hence, monitoring and assessing the effects of these nanoparticles is required. We focus on the Eisenia andrei earthworm immune cells exposed to sublethal concentrations of TiO2 NPs (1, 10, and 100 µg/mL) for 2, 6, and 24 h. TiO2 NPs at all concentrations did not affect cell viability. Further, TiO2 NPs did not cause changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, malondialdehyde (MDA) production, and phagocytic activity. Similarly, they did not elicit DNA damage. Overall, we did not detect any toxic effects of TiO2 NPs at the cellular level. At the gene expression level, slight changes were detected. Metallothionein, fetidin/lysenin, lumbricin and MEK kinase I were upregulated in coelomocytes after exposure to 10 µg/mL TiO2 NPs for 6 h. Antioxidant enzyme expression was similar in exposed and control cells. TiO2 NPs were detected on coelomocyte membranes. However, our results do not show any strong effects of these nanoparticles on coelomocytes at both the cellular and molecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natividad Isabel Navarro Pacheco
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (N.I.N.P.); (R.R.); (J.S.); (A.G.); (O.B.); (O.K.); (T.C.); (J.D.); (M.B.)
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Katerinska 1660/32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Roubalova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (N.I.N.P.); (R.R.); (J.S.); (A.G.); (O.B.); (O.K.); (T.C.); (J.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Jaroslav Semerad
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (N.I.N.P.); (R.R.); (J.S.); (A.G.); (O.B.); (O.K.); (T.C.); (J.D.); (M.B.)
- Faculty of Science, Institute for Environmental Studies, Charles University, Benatska 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Grasserova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (N.I.N.P.); (R.R.); (J.S.); (A.G.); (O.B.); (O.K.); (T.C.); (J.D.); (M.B.)
- Faculty of Science, Institute for Environmental Studies, Charles University, Benatska 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Oldrich Benada
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (N.I.N.P.); (R.R.); (J.S.); (A.G.); (O.B.); (O.K.); (T.C.); (J.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Olga Kofronova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (N.I.N.P.); (R.R.); (J.S.); (A.G.); (O.B.); (O.K.); (T.C.); (J.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Tomas Cajthaml
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (N.I.N.P.); (R.R.); (J.S.); (A.G.); (O.B.); (O.K.); (T.C.); (J.D.); (M.B.)
- Faculty of Science, Institute for Environmental Studies, Charles University, Benatska 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Dvorak
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (N.I.N.P.); (R.R.); (J.S.); (A.G.); (O.B.); (O.K.); (T.C.); (J.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Bilej
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (N.I.N.P.); (R.R.); (J.S.); (A.G.); (O.B.); (O.K.); (T.C.); (J.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Petra Prochazkova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (N.I.N.P.); (R.R.); (J.S.); (A.G.); (O.B.); (O.K.); (T.C.); (J.D.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Munoz-Ucros J, Panke-Buisse K, Robe J. Bacterial community composition of vermicompost-treated tomato rhizospheres. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230577. [PMID: 32251438 PMCID: PMC7135065 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vermicompost application has been shown to promote plant growth, alter the rhizosphere microbiome, and suppress plant pathogens. These beneficial properties are often attributed to the activity of vermicompost-associated microorganisms. However, little is known about the microbial shifts that occur in the rhizosphere after vermicompost application. To better understand the impact of vermicompost treatments on the assembly of rhizosphere bacterial communities, 16S rDNA communities of vermicompost and rhizospheres of each peat- and soil-grown tomatoes were profiled after conventional fertigation, irrigation without additional nutrients, and addition of three different vermicompost-extracts. The full dataset consisted of 412 identified genera, of which 317 remained following stringent quality filtration. Tomato rhizosphere microbiome responses to treatments were complex and unique between peat and soil growth substrates. Direct colonization of vermicompost-origin taxa into rhizospheres was limited, with genera Photobacterium and Luteimonas colonizing peat rhizospheres, genera Truepera, Phenylobacterium, and Lysinibacillus colonizing soil rhizospheres, and genus Pelagibius appearing in both soil and peat rhizospheres. Further patterns of differential abundance and presence/absence between treatments highlight vermicompost-mediated effects on rhizosphere microbiome assembly as an interplay of rhizosphere medium, direct colonization of vermicompost-origin taxa and vermicompost-induced shifts in the rhizosphere microbial community. This exploratory analysis is intended to provide an initial look at 16S community composition of vermicompost and the effects of vermicompost treatment on the rhizosphere microbiome assembly to highlight interactions of potential merit for subsequent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana Munoz-Ucros
- Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Kevin Panke-Buisse
- US Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA ARS, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jamison Robe
- US Dairy Forage Research Center, USDA ARS, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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