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Thakur N, Thakur N, Kumar A, Thakur VK, Kalia S, Arya V, Kumar A, Kumar S, Kyzas GZ. A critical review on the recent trends of photocatalytic, antibacterial, antioxidant and nanohybrid applications of anatase and rutile TiO2 nanoparticles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169815. [PMID: 38184262 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have become a focal point of research due to their widespread daily use and diverse synthesis methods, including physical, chemical, and environmentally sustainable approaches. These nanoparticles possess unique attributes such as size, shape, and surface functionality, making them particularly intriguing for applications in the biomedical field. The continuous exploration of TiO2 NPs is driven by the quest to enhance their multifunctionality, aiming to create next-generation products with superior performance. Recent research efforts have specifically focused on understanding the anatase and rutile phases of TiO2 NPs and evaluating their potential in various domains, including photocatalytic processes, antibacterial properties, antioxidant effects, and nanohybrid applications. The hypothesis guiding this research is that by exploring different synthesis methods, particularly chemical and environmentally friendly approaches, and incorporating doping and co-doping techniques, the properties of TiO2 NPs can be significantly improved for diverse applications. The study employs a comprehensive approach, investigating the effects of nanoparticle size, shape, dose, and exposure time on performance. The synthesis methods considered encompass both conventional chemical processes and environmentally friendly alternatives, with a focus on how doping and co-doping can enhance the properties of TiO2 NPs. The research unveils valuable insights into the distinct phases of TiO2 NPs and their potential across various applications. It sheds light on the improved properties achieved through doping and co-doping, showcasing advancements in photocatalytic processes, antibacterial efficacy, antioxidant capabilities, and nanohybrid applications. The study concludes by emphasizing regulatory aspects and offering suggestions for product enhancement. It provides recommendations for the reliable application of TiO2 NPs, addressing a comprehensive spectrum of critical aspects in TiO2 NP research and application. Overall, this research contributes to the evolving landscape of TiO2 NP utilization, offering valuable insights for the development of innovative and high-performance products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Thakur
- Department of Physics, Career Point University, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh 176041, India.
| | - Nikesh Thakur
- Department of Physics, Career Point University, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh 176041, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- School of chemical and metallurgical engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom
| | - Susheel Kalia
- Department of Chemistry, ACC Wing (Academic Block) Indian Military Academy, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Vedpriya Arya
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249405, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249405, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Animal Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra, Shahpur, Himachal Pradesh 176206, India
| | - George Z Kyzas
- Hephaestus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, International Hellenic University, Kavala, Greece.
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Alsulaim GM. Effective Reinforcement of Visible Light Photocatalytic and Gas Sensing Characteristics of Nanocrystalline TiO 2: Gd-Based Nb and Mo Dopants. Molecules 2023; 28:7239. [PMID: 37959663 PMCID: PMC10648698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient compositions for the selective detection of ethanol gas and the removal of organic contaminants were realized by codoping of (Gd, Nb) and (Gd, Mo) ions into TiO2. TiO2, Ti0.96Gd0.01Nb0.03O2, and Ti0.96Gd0.01Mo0.03O2 samples were prepared by a coprecipitation method. For all compositions, a crystalline anatase phase of TiO2 was detected. Compared to pure TiO2, the absorption edges of Ti0.96Gd0.01Nb0.03O2 and Ti0.96Gd0.01Mo0.03O2 samples were red-shifted, further broadening towards visible light. The morphological studies demonstrate that the grains of TiO2 were more refined after (Gd, Nb) and (Gd, Mo) codoping. The photocatalytic efficiency of the Ti0.96Gd0.01Mo0.03O2 catalyst for degrading 20 mg/L reactive yellow 145, brilliant green, and amoxicillin was 98, 95, and 93% in 90 min, respectively. The reusability experiments indicate that the Ti0.96Gd0.01Mo0.03O2 catalyst had high stability during reuse. The high photocatalytic activity of the Ti0.96Gd0.01Mo0.03O2 catalyst was correlated to the broad visible-light absorption and effective separation of electron-hole pairs by Gd3+ and Mo6+ cations. The gas sensing characteristic is reflected by the high sensitivity of the Ti0.96Gd0.01Nb0.03O2 sensor to ethanol gas in the presence of different gases at 275 °C. The obtained results indicated that the (Gd, Mo) mixture could more effectively induce the photocatalytic properties of TiO2 while (Gd, Nb) dopants were the best for reinforcing its sensing characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghayah M Alsulaim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Annam Renita A, Sathish S, Kumar PS, Prabu D, Manikandan N, Mohamed Iqbal A, Rajesh G, Rangasamy G. Emerging aspects of metal ions-doped zinc oxide photocatalysts in degradation of organic dyes and pharmaceutical pollutants - A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118614. [PMID: 37454449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent periods, a broad assortment of continual organic contaminants has been released into our natural water resources. Indeed, it is exceedingly poisonous and perilous to living things; thus, the elimination of these organic pollutants before release into the water bodies is vital. A variety of techniques have been utilized to remove these organic pollutants with advanced oxidation photocatalytic methods with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles being commonly used as a capable catalyst for contaminated water treatment. Nevertheless, its broad energy gap, which can be only stimulated under an ultraviolet (UV) light source, and high recombination pairs of electrons and holes limit their photocatalytic behaviors. However, numerous methods have been suggested to decrease its energy gap for visible regions. Including, the doping ZnO with metal ions (dopant) can be considered as an effectual route not only the reason for a movement of the absorption edges toward the higher (visible light) region but also to lower the electron-hole pair (e--h+) recombination. This review concentrated on the impact of dissimilar types of metal ions (dopants) on the advancement in the degradation performance of ZnO. So, this work demonstrates a vital review of contemporary attainments in the alteration of ZnO nanoparticles for organic pollutants eliminations. Besides, the effect of doping ions including transition metals, rare earth metals, and metal ions (substitutional and interstitial) concerning numerous types of altered ZnO are summarized. The photodegradation mechanisms for pristine and metal-modified ZnO nanoparticles are also conferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Annam Renita
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 119, India
| | - S Sathish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 119, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603 110, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India.
| | - D Prabu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 119, India
| | - N Manikandan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 119, India
| | - A Mohamed Iqbal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 119, India
| | - G Rajesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603 110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gayathri Rangasamy
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Department of Sustainable Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
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Liu Z, Zhong Y, Hu Z, Zhang W, Zhang X, Ji X, Wang X. Modification of ZIF-8 nanocomposite by a Gd atom doped TiO2 for high efficiency photocatalytic degradation of neutral red dye: An experimental and theoretical study. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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Modification strategies of polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membrane using TiO2 for enhanced antifouling performance in water treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Durable Polymer Coatings: A Comparative Study of PDMS-Based Nanocomposites as Protective Coatings for Stone Materials. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, durable protective coatings receive more attention in the field of conservation for several reasons (they are cost effective, time consuming, more resistance, etc.). Hence, this study was focused on producing a multi-functional, durable coating to protect different stone materials, especially, Lecce stone, bricks, and marble. For this purpose, ZrO2-doped-ZnO-PDMS nanocomposites (PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane used as the binder) were synthesized by in situ reaction (doped nanoparticles were inserted into the polymer matrix during the synthesis of PDMS) and the performances of resulting coatings were examined by handling different experimental analyses. In particular, the study aimed to evaluate the durability properties of the coating along with the self-cleaning effect. As a result, the durability of the nanocomposite coating with respect to the well-known PDMS coating was assessed after exposure to two different ageing cycles: solar ageing (300 W, 1000 h) and humid chamber ageing (RH > 80%, T = 22 ± 3 °C, desiccator, 2 years). All the results were in good agreement with each other providing that newly prepared nanocomposite coating can be used as a durable protective coating for different stone materials.
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Guetni I, Belaiche M, Ferdi CA, Oulhakem O, Alaoui KB, Naimi Z. Engineering the photocatalytic efficiency of nanoscale TiO 2 anatase with doped (Nd/Y) and co-doped (Nd–Y/Nd–Sm) lanthanides to decompose the azo dye orange G under UV-VIS irradiation. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01167k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nd/Y–TiO2 anatase nanopowders displayed the highest degradation of 96.34% in 105 minutes only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inssaf Guetni
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Unit. E. N. S. Rabat. Energy Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, B.P, 1014 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Belaiche
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Unit. E. N. S. Rabat. Energy Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, B.P, 1014 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Chouaib Ahmani Ferdi
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Unit. E. N. S. Rabat. Energy Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, B.P, 1014 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Oussama Oulhakem
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Unit. E. N. S. Rabat. Energy Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, B.P, 1014 Rabat, Morocco
- Thin Film Photovoltaic Laboratory, Electric and Photovoltaic Department, Green Energy Park (GEP), Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Kawtar Belrhiti Alaoui
- Thin Film Photovoltaic Laboratory, Electric and Photovoltaic Department, Green Energy Park (GEP), Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Zakaria Naimi
- Thin Film Photovoltaic Laboratory, Electric and Photovoltaic Department, Green Energy Park (GEP), Benguerir, Morocco
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Abdelhafiz MA, Seleem EMM, El Nazer HA, Zeid SAM, Salman SA, Meng B. Shallow groundwater environmental investigation at northeastern Cairo, Egypt: quality and photo-treatment evaluation. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:4533-4551. [PMID: 33900509 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00933-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater represents the primary source of freshwater for more than 35% of world people, and its contamination became a worldwide challenge. Egypt is suffering from water quantity and quality, especially in desert areas. El Obour city and environs Northeast Cairo face waterlogging owing to the elevated-shallow groundwater table. In the present research work, the water quality of the shallow groundwater aquifer was studied. The remediation efficiency of polluted water using photocatalytic treatment technique in the presence of modified nano-titania and solar radiation has also been investigated. Twenty-eight representative samples have been collected from different locations, and their microbial, physical, and chemical characteristics were determined. The average contents of Pb (214.96 µg/L), As (1517 µg/L), Cd (8.79 µg/L), total bacterial count (2.22 × 105 CFU/ml), and bacterial indicators (MPN-index/100 ml): total coliform (497.4), fecal coliform (358.3), and fecal streptococci (115.9) were higher than WHO permissible limits for drinking water, possibly due to higher industrialization, agricultural, and urbanization rates. The organic pollutants reached critical concentrations (chemical oxygen demand up to 960.8 mg O2/L). Most of the studied samples contained acceptable concentrations of the major ions, (e.g., K+, Mg2+, HCO3-), for drinking and irrigation purposes. The statistical analyses (e.g., principal component analysis and cluster analysis) pointed out the control of water-rock interaction and anthropogenic activities in water composition. The hydrochemical data show that most of the water samples (96.4%) are Na2SO4 and NaHCO3 type, indicating its meteoric origin. The contamination with human and animal fecal substances, NO3¯, and NH4+ was identified in all samples, which pointed out the control of anthropogenic activities in water pollution. The photocatalytic technique efficiently eliminated more than 82-95% of organic contents and microbial pollutants, respectively, but it was inefficient in reducing heavy metal levels. According to the current results, shallow groundwater injection into the deep aquifer must be constrained and reusable after treatment. Finally, more studies are imperative to disseminate the applied treatment techniques to elude bacteria and organic pollutants from water at a pilot scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Abdelhafiz
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Lincheng West Road, Guanshanhu district, Guiyang, 550081, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - El-Montser M Seleem
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Hossam A El Nazer
- Photochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salah A M Zeid
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Salman A Salman
- Geological Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bo Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Lincheng West Road, Guanshanhu district, Guiyang, 550081, China.
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Dmitrenko M, Kuzminova A, Zolotarev A, Liamin V, Plisko T, Burts K, Bildyukevich A, Ermakov S, Penkova A. Novel High Flux Poly(m-phenylene isophtalamide)/TiO 2 Membranes for Ultrafiltration with Enhanced Antifouling Performance. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162804. [PMID: 34451344 PMCID: PMC8402018 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wide application of ultrafiltration in different industrial fields requires the development of new membranes with tailored properties and good antifouling stability. This study is devoted to the improvement of ultrafiltration properties of poly(m-phenylene isophtalamide) (PA) membranes by modification with titanium oxide (TiO2) particles. The introduction of TiO2 particles improved membrane separation performance and increased antifouling stability and cleaning ability under UV irradiation. The developed membranes were characterized by scanning electron and atomic force microscopy methods, the measurements of water contact angle, and total porosimetry. The transport properties of the PA and PA/TiO2 membranes were tested in ultrafiltration of industrially important feeds: coolant lubricant (cutting fluid) emulsion (5 wt.% in water) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution (0.5 wt.%). The PA/TiO2 (0.3 wt.%) membrane was found to possess optimal transport characteristics in ultrafiltration of coolant lubricant emulsion due to the highest pure water and coolant lubricant fluxes (1146 and 32 L/(m2 h), respectively), rejection coefficient (100%), and flux recovery ratio (84%). Furthermore, this membrane featured improved ability of surface contamination degradation after UV irradiation in prolonged ultrafiltration of BSA, demonstrating a high flux recovery ratio (89–94%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Dmitrenko
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (V.L.); (S.E.); (A.P.)
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(812)-363-60-00 (ext. 3367)
| | - Anna Kuzminova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (V.L.); (S.E.); (A.P.)
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Andrey Zolotarev
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (V.L.); (S.E.); (A.P.)
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Vladislav Liamin
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (V.L.); (S.E.); (A.P.)
| | - Tatiana Plisko
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 13 Surganov Str., 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (T.P.); (K.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Katsiaryna Burts
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 13 Surganov Str., 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (T.P.); (K.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Alexandr Bildyukevich
- Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 13 Surganov Str., 220072 Minsk, Belarus; (T.P.); (K.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Sergey Ermakov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (V.L.); (S.E.); (A.P.)
| | - Anastasia Penkova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.K.); (A.Z.); (V.L.); (S.E.); (A.P.)
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
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Abstract
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen of significant concern to susceptible patient populations. This pathogen can cause nosocomial and community-acquired respiratory and bloodstream infections and various other infections in humans. Sources include water, plant rhizospheres, animals, and foods. Studies of the genetic heterogeneity of S. maltophilia strains have identified several new genogroups and suggested adaptation of this pathogen to its habitats. The mechanisms used by S. maltophilia during pathogenesis continue to be uncovered and explored. S. maltophilia virulence factors include use of motility, biofilm formation, iron acquisition mechanisms, outer membrane components, protein secretion systems, extracellular enzymes, and antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. S. maltophilia is intrinsically drug resistant to an array of different antibiotics and uses a broad arsenal to protect itself against antimicrobials. Surveillance studies have recorded increases in drug resistance for S. maltophilia, prompting new strategies to be developed against this opportunist. The interactions of this environmental bacterium with other microorganisms are being elucidated. S. maltophilia and its products have applications in biotechnology, including agriculture, biocontrol, and bioremediation.
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Din MI, Khalid R, Hussain Z. Recent Research on Development and Modification of Nontoxic Semiconductor for Environmental Application. SEPARATION & PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2020.1714658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rida Khalid
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zaib Hussain
- Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Akhayere E, Essien EA, Kavaz D. Effective and reusable nano-silica synthesized from barley and wheat grass for the removal of nickel from agricultural wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:25802-25813. [PMID: 31270768 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05759-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a comparative analysis was performed on the extraction of nickel ions (Ni2+) from agricultural wastewater using nanosilica (NS) synthesized from barley (NS-B) and wheat (NS-W) grass waste with a yield of 92.4%. The experimental procedure was conducted on barley and wheat waste to obtain an 85% pure NS that served as the adsorbent for nickel extraction in wastewater. The NS was characterized and studied using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), which demonstrated that NS synthesized from barley contained 94.2% SiO2, while NS synthesized from wheat contained 93.0% SiO2. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to determine the surface morphology of the nanoparticles. The energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis were used to determine the elements and functional groups of the synthesized particles, respectively. Lastly, particle size and surface area analyses were performed using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, which determined that the nanoparticles were 70 and 102 nm for NS-B and NS-W, respectively. The adsorption of nickel ions from agricultural wastewater was studied at various concentrations (10-200 mg/L). The kinetic models indicate that sorption equilibrium time was 65 min and that the reaction followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics model with a regression coefficient (R2) of 0.9289. Corresponding studies indicated that the Freundlich isotherms best describe the sorption reaction with an R2 value of 0.9958, which indicates the multilayer adsorption of nickel on the adsorbent. In their standard and real states, the samples indicated that NS-B and NS-W provided high levels of nickel (Ni2+) removal at 95 and 90%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evidence Akhayere
- Department of Environmental Science, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
- Environmental Research Centre, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Edidiong Augustine Essien
- Department of Environmental Science, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
- Environmental Research Centre, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Doga Kavaz
- Environmental Research Centre, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey.
- Department of Bioengineering, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey.
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