1
|
Lu C, Chen Y, Shuang C, Wang Z, Tian Y, Song H, Li A, Chen D, Li X. Simultaneous removal of nitrate nitrogen and orthophosphate by electroreduction and electrochemical precipitation. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 250:121000. [PMID: 38118253 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical methods can effectively remove nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) and orthophosphate phosphorus (PO4-P) from wastewater. This work proposed a process for the simultaneous removal of NO3-N and PO4-P by combining electroreduction with electrochemically-induced calcium phosphate precipitation, and its performance and mechanisms were studied. For the treatment of 100 mg L-1 NO3-N and 5 mg L-1 PO4-P, NO3-N removal of 60-90% (per cathode area: 0.25-0.38 mg h-1 cm-2) and 80-90% (per cathode area: 0.33-0.38 mg h-1 cm-2) could be acquired within 3 h in single-chamber cell (SCC) and dual-chamber cell (DCC), while P removal was 80-98% (per cathode area: 0.10-0.12 mg h-1 cm-2) in SCC after 30 min and 98% (per cathode area: 0.37 mg h-1 cm-2) in DCC within 10 min. The faster P removal in DCC was due to the higher pH and more abundant Ca2+ in the cathode chamber of DCC, which was caused by the cation exchange membrane (CEM). Interestingly, NO3-N reduction enhanced P removal because more OH- can be produced by nitrate reduction than hydrogen evolution for an equal-charge reaction. For 10 mg L-1 PO4-P in SCC, when the initial NO3-N was 0, 20, 100, and 500 mg L-1, the P removal efficiencies after 1 h treatment were < 10%, 45-55%, 86-99%, and above 98% respectively. An increase in Ca2+ concentration also promoted P removal. However, Ca and P inhibited nitrate reduction in SCC at the relatively low initial Ca/P, as CaP on the cathode limited the charge or mass transfer process. The removal efficiency of NO3-N in SCC after 3 h reaction can reduce by about 17%, 40%, and 34% for Co3O4/Ti, Co/Ti, and TiO2/Ti. The degree of inhibition of P on NO3-N removal was related to the content and composition of CaP deposited on the cathode. On the cathode, the lower the deposited Ca and P, and the higher the deposited Ca/P molar ratio, the weaker the inhibition of P on NO3-N removal. Especially, P had little or even no inhibition on nitrate reduction when treated in DCC instead of SCC or under high initial Ca/P. It is speculated that under these conditions, a high local pH and local high concentration Ca2+ layer near the cathode led to a decrease in CaP deposition and an increase in Ca/P molar ratio on the cathode. High initial concentrations of NO3-N might also be beneficial in reducing the inhibition of P on nitrate reduction, as few CaP with high Ca/P molar ratios were deposited on the cathode. The evaluation of the real wastewater treatment was also conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunxuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chendong Shuang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yechao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haiou Song
- School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yuan S, Zhong Q, Zhang H, Zhu W, Wang W, Zhang S. Deciphering the influencing mechanism of hydraulic retention time on purification performance of a mixotrophic system from the perspective of reaction kinetics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:12933-12947. [PMID: 38236564 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31305-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
At present, eutrophication is increasingly serious, so it is necessary to effectively reduce nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies. In this study, a pyrite/polycaprolactone-based mixotrophic denitrification (PPMD) system using pyrite and polycaprolactone (PCL) as electron donors was developed and compared with pyrite-based autotrophic denitrification (PAD) system and PCL-based heterotrophic denitrification (PHD) system through continuous flow experiment. The removal efficiency of NO3--N (NRE) and PO43--P (PRE) and the contribution proportion of PAD in the PPMD system were significantly increased by prolonging hydraulic retention time (HRT, from 1 to 48 h). When HRT was equal to 24 h, the PPMD system conformed to the zero-order kinetic model, so NRE and PRE were mainly limited by the PAD process. When HRT was equal to 48 h, the PPMD system met the first-order kinetic model with NRE and PRE reaching 98.9 ± 1.1% and 91.8 ± 4.5%, respectively. When HRT = 48 h, the NRE and PRE by PAD system were 82.7 ± 9.1% and 88.5 ± 4.7%, respectively, but the effluent SO42- concentration was as high as 152.1 ± 13.7 mg/L (the influent SO42- concentration was 49.2 ± 3.3 mg/L); the NRE by PHD system was 98.5 ± 1.7%, but the PO43--P could not be removed ideally. The concentrations of NO3--N, total nitrogen, PO43--P, and SO42- in the PPMD system also showed distinct changes along the reactor column. In addition, the microbial diversity analysis showed that prolonging HRT (from 24 to 48 h) increased the abundance of autotrophic denitrifying microorganisms in the PPMD system, ultimately increasing the contribution proportion of PAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Yuan
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbo Zhong
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyang Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang S, Liu F, Zhu H, Lv S, Wang B. Simultaneous nitrate and phosphorus removal in novel steel slag biofilters: Optimization and mechanism study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119558. [PMID: 37979385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous nitrate (NO3--N) and phosphorus (P) removal systems are considered to be an effective wastewater treatment technology. However, so far, there are few studies on system optimization to improve NO3--N and P removal. In this study, nine simultaneous NO3--N and P removal biofilters (SNPBs) were constructed to treat simulated wastewater. In order to optimize the NO3--N and P removal, different material loading positions were set: (1) red soil, steel slag, and rice straw (RSR), (2) steel slag, red soil, and rice straw (SRR), and (3) red soil, rice straw, and steel slag (RRS). Results showed that the above three treatments had mean removal efficiencies of 58%-91% for NO3--N and 55%-81% for TP, with the best N and P removal occurring in the SRR. The TN mass balance indicated that microbial removal was responsible for 78.2% of the influent TN in the SRR biofilter. The key microorganisms were Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Diaphorobacter, and unclassified_f_Enterobacteriaceae, which accounted for 61.9% of the total microorganisms. The main P-removal mechanism was the formation of Al-P, Fe-P, and Ca-P in red soil or steel slag layer. In addition, the decrease of SRR effluent pH from 11.86 in 1-7 days to 7.75 in 8-50 days indicated that red soil and rice straw had a synergistic effect on water pH reduction. These results suggest that a reasonable combination of steel slag with red soil and rice straw not only simultaneously removes NO3--N and P but also additionally solves the problem of high pH caused by steel slag.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, PR China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China.
| | - Huixiang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China
| | - Shuangtong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China
| | - Biaoyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, PR China; College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, 410128, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yuan S, Zhong Q, Zhang H, Zhu W, Wang W, Li M, Tang X, Zhang S. The enrichment of more functional microbes induced by the increasing hydraulic retention time accounts for the increment of autotrophic denitrification performance. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116848. [PMID: 37558114 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
With pyrite (FeS2) and polycaprolactone (PCL) as electron donors, three denitrification systems, namely FeS2-based autotrophic denitrification (PAD) system, PCL-supported heterotrophic denitrification (PHD) system and split-mixotrophic denitrification (PPMD) system, were constructed and operated under varying hydraulic retention times (HRT, 1-48 h). Compared with PAD or PHD, the PPMD system could achieve higher removals of NO3--N and PO43--P, and the effluent SO42- concentration was greatly reduced to 7.28 mg/L. Similarly, the abundance of the dominant genera involved in the PAD (Thiobacillus, Sulfurimonas, and Ferritrophicum, etc.) or PHD (Syntrophomonas, Desulfomicrobium, and Desulfovibrio, etc.) process all increased in the PPMD system. Gene prediction completed by PICRUSt2 showed that the abundance of the functional genes involved in denitrification and sulfur oxidation all increased with the increase of HRT. This also accounted for the increased contribution of autotrophic denitrification to total nitrogen removal in the PPMD system. In addition, the analysis of metabolic pathways disclosed the specific conversion mechanisms of nitrogen and sulfur inside the reactor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Yuan
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Qingbo Zhong
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Weibo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xinhua Tang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Shiyang Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu W, Chen J, Zhang H, Yuan S, Guo W, Zhang Q, Zhang S. Start-up phase optimization of pyrite-intensified hybrid sequencing batch biofilm reactor (PIHSBBR): Mixotrophic denitrification performance and mechanism. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 330:117232. [PMID: 36610197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pyrite-based autotrophic denitrification (PAD) is an emerging biological process to diminish nitrate pollution, but the relatively low NO3--N removal rate limits its practical application. In this research, a pyrite-intensified hybrid sequencing batch biofilm reactor (PIHSBBR) was designed to treat low C/N ratio domestic wastewater. The results showed that PIHSBBR could achieve optimal removal of COD, NH4+-N, and TN under the aeration rate of 1.0 L/L∙min and the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 8 h, with removal rates of 69.67 ± 4.37%, 77.04 ± 4.84%, and 63.92 ± 6.66%, respectively. The PAD efficiency in PIHSBBR during the stable operation was not high (13.05-31.01%), and the main nitrogen removal pathway in PIHSBBR, especially in the aerobic zone, was simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND). High-throughput sequencing analysis unraveled that Planctomycetota (3.65%) had a high abundance in the anoxic zone of PIHSBBR, implying that anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) might have occurred in the anoxic zone. In addition, the nitrogen cycle function gene with the highest abundance was nirBD, indicating the possible presence of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) within the system (aerobic and anoxic zones). Our research can provide useful information for the improvement and future application of PIHSBBR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hongjun Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sicheng Yuan
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Weijie Guo
- Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-Environmental Science in Hubei Province, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shiyang Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu S, Yan Y, Shuang C, Zhou Q, Ji R, Li A. Biological magnetic ion exchange resin on advanced treatment of synthetic wastewater. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 372:128613. [PMID: 36640820 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, three biological ion exchange systems and one biological activated carbon (BAC) system were established by employing magnetic ion exchange resin (MIEX), non-magnetic resin (NIEX), polystyrenic resin (DIEX) and granular activated carbon as the biocarrier for advanced treatment of wastewater. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal of four systems all stabilized at about 84% due to biodegradation. The start-up period of bio-MIEX (nearly 40 d) was greatly shorter than that of others (nearly 190 d). Ibuprofen removal was ascribed to adsorption in the initial stage, which subsequently changed to the effect of biodegradation. After the start-up period, ibuprofen removal was nearly 100% (bio-MIEX), 60% (bio-NIEX), 61% (bio-DIEX) and 89% (BAC). According to the surface observation, ATP and protein measurement and metagenomic analysis, the superior performance of bio-MIEX could be attributed to its highest biological activity resulted from the presence of Fe3O4 rather than polymer matrix and surface roughness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunbao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chendong Shuang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang J, Fan C, Zhao M, Wang Z, Jiang S, Jin Z, Bei K, Zheng X, Wu S, Lin P, Miu H. A comprehensive review on mixotrophic denitrification processes for biological nitrogen removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137474. [PMID: 36493890 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biological denitrification is the most widely used method for nitrogen removal in water treatment. Compared with heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification, mixotrophic denitrification is later studied and used. Because mixotrophic denitrification can overcome some shortcomings of heterotrophic and autotrophic denitrification, such as a high carbon source demand for heterotrophic denitrification and a long start-up time for autotrophic denitrification. It has attracted extensive attention of researchers and is increasingly used in biological nitrogen removal processes. However, so far, a comprehensive review is lacking. This paper aims to review the current research status of mixotrophic denitrification and provide guidance for future research in this field. It is shown that mixotrophic denitrification processes can be divided into three main kinds based on different kinds of electron donors, mainly including sulfur-, hydrogen-, and iron-based reducing substances. Among them, sulfur-based mixotrophic denitrification is the most widely studied. The most concerned influencing factors of mixotrophic denitrification processes are hydraulic retention times (HRT) and ratio of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to total inorganic nitrogen (C/N). The dominant functional bacteria of sulfur-based mixotrophic denitrification system are Thiobacillus, Azoarcus, Pseudomonas, and Thauera. At present, mixotrophic denitrification processes are mainly applied for nitrogen removal in drinking water, groundwater, and wastewater treatment. Finally, challenges and future research directions are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Chunzhen Fan
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Min Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Zhiquan Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Shunfeng Jiang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Zhan Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Ke Bei
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China
| | - Xiangyong Zheng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China.
| | - Suqing Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, PR China.
| | - Ping Lin
- Wenzhou Drainage Co., Ltd, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, PR China
| | - Huanyi Miu
- Wenzhou Ecological Park Development and Construction Investment Group Co., Ltd, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Amancio Frutuoso FK, Ferreira Dos Santos A, da Silva França LL, Mendes Barros AR, Bezerra Dos Santos A. Influence of salt addition to stimulating biopolymers production in aerobic granular sludge systems. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137006. [PMID: 36330972 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The influence of salt addition to stimulating biopolymers production in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) systems was evaluated. The control systems (R1: acetate and R2: propionate) initially obtained less accumulation of mixed liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS), indicating that the osmotic pressure in the salt-supplemented systems (R3: acetate and R4: propionate) contributed to biomass growth. However, the salt-supplemented systems collapsed between days 110 and 130 of operation. R3 and R4 showed better performance regarding nutrients removal due to the greater abundance of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria and phosphate-accumulating organisms. Salt also contributed to the higher production of biopolymers such as alginate-like exopolymers (ALE) per gram of volatile suspended solids (VSS) (R1: 397 mgALE∙gVSS-1, R2: 140 mgALE∙gVSS-1, R3: 483 mgALE∙gVSS-1, R4: 311 mgALE∙gVSS-1). Amino acids like tyrosine and tryptophan were better identified in extracellular polymeric substances extract from salt-operated reactors. This study brings important results in the context of resource recovery by treating saline effluents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Ferreira Dos Santos
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - André Bezerra Dos Santos
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xu Z, Li Y, Zhou P, Song X, Wang Y. New insights on simultaneous nitrate and phosphorus removal in pyrite-involved mixotrophic denitrification biofilter for a long-term operation: Performance change and its underlying mechanism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157403. [PMID: 35850339 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous nitrate and phosphorus removal can be completed by pyrite- and influent organics-involved mixotrophic denitrification and chemical phosphorus removal via iron precipitation. However, so far, how their removal performances change with iron precipitation accumulation remains unclear. In this study, the differences in nitrate and phosphorus removal from municipal tailwater between volcanic and pyrite supported biofilters (V-BF, P-BF) for a long-term operation were investigated, as well as the underlying mechanism for these differences. The nitrate removal efficiencies (NREs) in P-BF were greater than those in V-BF due to the synergistic effect of influent organic and pyrite, as evidenced by comparable TOC consumption and Fe2+/SO42- production. The NREs in P-BF were gradually lower than in V-BF as a result of bacterial cell-iron encrustation observed in TEM images, which would deteriorate microbial activity. However, the phosphorus removal efficiencies (PREs) in P-BF remained consistently higher than in V-BF, resulting from chemical phosphorus removal which was confirmed that P, Fe and O elements dominated on the pyrite surface after use by SEM-EDS. The dominant denitrifying bacteria differed significantly, autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrifying microorganisms coexisted in P-BF. The relative abundances of the narG coding gene in P-BF were higher than that in V-BF, which was consistent with the total relative abundances of identified denitrifying bacteria. Besides, the mechanism of simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the pyrite-involved mixotrophic denitrification process has been deduced. This work has significant implications for the practical application of a pyrite-involved mixotrophic denitrification process for low C/N wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshuo Xu
- Donghua University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai 201600, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yanan Li
- Donghua University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Panpan Zhou
- Donghua University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Xinshan Song
- Donghua University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Donghua University, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai 201600, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu B, Yang X, Li Y, Yang K, Xiong Y, Yuan N. Pyrite-Based Autotrophic Denitrifying Microorganisms Derived from Paddy Soils: Effects of Organic Co-Substrate Addition. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11763. [PMID: 36142037 PMCID: PMC9517464 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The presence of organic co-substrate in groundwater and soils is inevitable, and much remains to be learned about the roles of organic co-substrates during pyrite-based denitrification. Herein, an organic co-substrate (acetate) was added to a pyrite-based denitrification system, and the impact of the organic co-substrate on the performance and bacterial community of pyrite-based denitrification processes was evaluated. The addition of organic co-substrate at concentrations higher than 48 mg L-1 inhibited pyrite-based autotrophic denitrification, as no sulfate was produced in treatments with high organic co-substrate addition. In contrast, both competition and promotion effects on pyrite-based autotrophic denitrification occurred with organic co-substrate addition at concentrations of 24 and 48 mg L-1. The subsequent validation experiments suggested that competition had a greater influence than promotion when organic co-substrate was added, even at a low concentration. Thiobacillus, a common chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing denitrifier, dominated the system with a relative abundance of 13.04% when pyrite served as the sole electron donor. With the addition of organic co-substrate, Pseudomonas became the dominant genus, with 60.82%, 61.34%, 70.37%, 73.44%, and 35.46% abundance at organic matter concentrations of 24, 48, 120, 240, and 480 mg L-1, respectively. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for the cultivation of pyrite-based autotrophic denitrifying microorganisms for nitrate removal in soils and groundwater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baokun Xu
- Agricultural Water Conservancy Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Key Laboratory of River Regulation and Flood Control of Ministry of Water Resources, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Chongqing Water Resources Bureau, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Yalong Li
- Agricultural Water Conservancy Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Kejun Yang
- School of Law, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
- Agricultural and Rural Department of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yujiang Xiong
- Agricultural Water Conservancy Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| | - Niannian Yuan
- Agricultural Water Conservancy Department, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan 430010, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhou Q, Sun H, Jia L, Wu W, Wang J. Simultaneous biological removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plants by advanced treatment: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:134054. [PMID: 35202664 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the advancement of water ecological protection and water control standard, it is the general trend to upgrade the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus is the key to improve the water quality of secondary effluent of WWTPs to prevent the eutrophication. Therefore, it is urgent to develop the applicable technologies for simultaneous biological removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from secondary effluent. In this review, the composition of secondary effluent from municipal WWTPs were briefly introduced firstly, then the three main treatment processes for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal, i.e., the enhanced denitrifying phosphorus removal filter, the pyrite-based autotrophic denitrification and the microalgae biological treatment system were summarized, their performances and mechanisms were analyzed. The influencing factors and microbial community structure were discussed. The advanced removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by different technologies were also compared and summarized in terms of performance, operational characteristics, disadvantage and cost. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus technologies for secondary effluent were proposed. This review will deepen to understand the principles and applications of the advanced removal of nitrogen and phosphorus and provide some valuable information for upgrading the treatment process of WWTPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
| | - Haimeng Sun
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
| | - Lixia Jia
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
| | - Weizhong Wu
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chu Y, Liu W, Tan Q, Yang L, Chen J, Ma L, Zhang Y, Wu Z, He F. Vertical-flow constructed wetland based on pyrite intensification: Mixotrophic denitrification performance and mechanism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 347:126710. [PMID: 35032559 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Deep nitrogen removal from low-carbon wastewater is a pressing water treatment challenge as of yet. Eight sets of vertical-flow constructed wetland (VFCW) intensified by pyrite were designed and applied to treat with low C/N ratio wastewater in this research. The results showed that the addition of pyrite (100% added) significantly promoted TN removal with an efficiency higher than 27.05% under low C/N ratio conditions, indicating that mixotrophic denitrification was achieved in VFCW. Microbial analysis showed that the community structure and diversity of microorganisms were changed significantly, and the growth of autotrophic (Thiobacillus) and heterotrophic bacteria (Thauera) concomitantly enhanced. It is recommended that the addition amount of pyrite is 75% of the wetland volume, meantime, mixing evenly with 25% high porosity substrate (such as activated carbon, volcanic stone, etc.), which could enhance the effective adhesion of microorganisms and their contact area with pyrite, ultimately improve the denitrification capacity of the VFCW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qiyang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lingli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jinmei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lin Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Zhenbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhou Q, Sun H, Jia L, Wu W. Simultaneously advanced removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in a biofilter packed with ZVI/PHBV/sawdust composite: Deciphering the succession of dominant bacteria and keystone species. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 347:126724. [PMID: 35065223 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a biofilter was developed with a ZVI/PHBV/sawdust (ZPS) composite for treating simulative secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plants. Results showed that effluent concentrations of NO3--N and TP in the ZPS biofilter were stable below 2.0 mg/L and 0.1 mg/L, corresponding to 95% NO3--N removal and 99% TP removal, respectively. Microbial community analysis revealed that the transformation of dominant taxa from Dechloromonas to Clostridium sensu stricto_7 from 30 d to 120 d suggested that the ZVI-induced succession of dominant fermentation bacteria ensured the stable carbon supply for denitrification. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that the ZVI directly enhanced the interaction of microbial community. Fe-related bacteria occupied a key position in the rare species, which might maintain the function of iron-mediated organic matter decomposition and denitrification. These findings provide an alternative for advanced removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in biofilters packed with ZPS composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haimeng Sun
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lixia Jia
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Weizhong Wu
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yuan S, Zhu W, Guo W, Sang W, Zhang S. Effect of hydraulic retention time on performance of autotrophic, heterotrophic, and split-mixotrophic denitrification systems supported by polycaprolactone/pyrite: Difference and potential explanation. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10820. [PMID: 36514302 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biological denitrification is still the most important pathway to purifying nitrate-containing wastewater. In this study, pyrite (FeS2 ) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were used as electron donors to construct sole or combined denitrification systems, that is, pyrite-based autotrophic denitrification (PAD) system, PCL-supported heterotrophic denitrification (PHD) system, and split-mixotrophic denitrification system (combined PAD + PHD), all of which were operated under five different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) for 150 days. The results showed that the removal rates (RE) of nitrate (NO3 - -N) and inorganic phosphorus (PO4 3- -P) by PAD were 91% and 94%, respectively, but the effluent sulfate (SO4 2- ) concentration was as high as 168.2 mg/L; the removal rate of NO3 - -N by PHD was higher than 99%, but the PO4 3- -P could not be removed ideally; the removal rates of NO3 - -N and PO4 3- -P by PAD + PHD were higher than 95% and 99%, respectively, and the effluent SO4 2- concentration was only 7.2 mg/L. Through the analysis of the surface scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the two kinds of media before and after use, it was found that the coupled mode of PAD + PHD was more favorable for biofilm formation than the sole PAD or PHD process, and the microorganisms in the PAD + PHD mode made more full use of electron donors. Moreover, the biomass of the PAD + PHD mode was lower than that of the PAD or PHD process, but the denitrification efficiency of the coupled mode was more efficient, indicating that the functional microorganisms in the PAD + PHD mode might have a certain synergistic effect. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Removal rates of NO3 -, PO4 3 -, and SO4 2 - by PAD were 91%, 94%, and -233%, respectively. Removal rate of NO3 - by PHD exceeded 99%, but PO4 3 - could not be removed ideally. Removal rates of NO3 -, PO4 3 -, and SO4 2 - by PAD + PHD were 95%, 99%, and 86%, respectively. The coupled mode was more favorable for biofilm formation than the sole PAD or PHD. The coupled mode had lower biomass but got more excellent denitrification efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Yuan
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijie Guo
- Key Lab of Basin Water Resource and Eco-Environmental Science in Hubei Province, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjiao Sang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiyang Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sun Y, Qaisar M, Wang K, Lou J, Li Q, Cai J. Production and characteristics of elemental sulfur during simultaneous nitrate and sulfide removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:36226-36233. [PMID: 33687628 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The production and characteristics of elemental sulfur were examined during simultaneous sulfide and nitrate removal, with abiotic assays as control. The biotic assay showed good sulfide and nitrate removal, with the respective removal percentage of which were 90.67-96.88% and 100%. Nitrate reduction resulted in the production of nitrogen gas, while sulfate formed due to sulfide oxidation. The concentration of elemental sulfur in the effluent was greater than that in the sludge, which accounted for 73.70-86.28% of total elemental sulfur produced. Furthermore, the elemental sulfur of the effluent and sludge from the biotic assays was orthorhombic crystal S8. Elemental sulfur was normally distributed in the effluent, but its average diameter increased with the increasing influent sulfide concentration (60-300 mg S/L), where the average diameter increased from 10 (60 mg S/L) to 29 μm (300 mg S/L).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, No.18 Xuezheng Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mahmood Qaisar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Kaiquan Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, No.18 Xuezheng Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Juqing Lou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, No.18 Xuezheng Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiangbiao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, No.18 Xuezheng Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Cai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, No.18 Xuezheng Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|