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Li W, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Deng B, Zheng Y, Li J, Chen D. Simultaneous effervescence-assisted microextraction and magnetic adsorbent generation for rapid and cost-effective organochlorine pesticides analysis. Food Chem 2024; 457:140192. [PMID: 38941906 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
This study introduced an innovative magnetic effervescence-assisted microextraction method, streamlining the preparation of effervescent tablets through a one-pot method that blends a CO2 donor (Na2CO3) and an H+ donor (NaH2PO4) with bare magnetic particles (Fe3O4) and an adsorbent (hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes), followed by pressing. During the extraction process, the bare magnetic particles and adsorbent undergo in-situ self-assembly to create a magnetic adsorbent. The effervescence generates bubbles that enhance effective extraction and magnetism facilitates the easy separation of the magnetic adsorbent from the sample solution, completing the process within 4 min. Applied to organochlorine pesticide analysis in fruit juices and herbal extracts, the method exhibits excellent linearity (R2 > 0.993), sensitivity (detection limits: 0.010-0.125 ng/mL), accuracy (recoveries: 85.8-99.9%), and precision (RSDs < 9.7%) with GC-ECD. Overall, this approach stands out for its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and suitability for on-site analysis, owing to its operational ease and independence from specialized equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Targeting Diagnosis and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45001, China
| | - Qinfeng Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Eco-Environment Geology (Hubei Geological Bureau), Hubei Geological Research Laboratory, Wuhan 430034, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Targeting Diagnosis and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45001, China
| | - Bowen Deng
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Targeting Diagnosis and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45001, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Targeting Diagnosis and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45001, China
| | - Jun Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Di Chen
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Targeting Diagnosis and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45001, China.
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Wang Z, Ren X, Zhang A, Sun M, Ding Z, Fan J. A fungal hyphae-derived biomass carbon for magnetic solid-phase extraction of the organochlorine pesticides in water samples, tea beverages, and Chinese traditional medicines before gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination. Food Chem 2024; 457:140123. [PMID: 38917562 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
A magnetic biochar nanomaterial derived from fungal hyphae was introduced into the sample preparation field. The magnetic fungal hyphae-derived biomass carbon (MFHBC) could be produced by a controllable hydrothermal method. In order to obtain the best sorbent for magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE), the reaction conditions containing temperature, time and the consumption of fungal hyphae were investigated. A series of MFHBC materials were characterized by vibrating sample magnetometers, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. A material with a satisfactory saturation magnetization (21.58 emu g-1) and largest surface area (88.06 m2 g-1) was selected as the sorbent to extract ten typical organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). The extraction conditions were optimized as 20 mL of sample solution with 70 mg of sorbent and 2.0 g of NaCl oscillated at 50 °C for 5.0 min. And the optimum desorption was performed by oscillating sorbent in 1.0 mL acetonitrile for 5.0 min. Then, the MFHBC-based MSPE-GC-MS/MS methods were established for different samples including water samples, tea beverages, and Chinese traditional medicines. The linearities were 10-2500 ng L-1 or 100-25,000 ng kg-1, and the limits of detection were 0.3-13.9 ng L-1 for water sample, 0.1-9.7 ng L-1 for tea beverage samples, 0.1-21.4 ng L-1 for Shenqi Fuzheng injection samples, and 7.2-278.3 ng kg-1 for Astragali Radix decoction pieces. Except for satisfactory repeatability (RSDs ≤13.8%) in intra-day and inter-day tests (n = 3), the reproducibility (RSDs ≤13.5%, n = 3) of MFHBC was acceptable. The methods were applied in the determination of OCPs from above real samples, with the recoveries of 80.5-117.2% and the RSDs (n = 3) <8.9%. The methods were suitable in the sensitive determination of OCPs from simple to complex matrix samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Ren
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, PR China
| | - Ainv Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, PR China
| | - Min Sun
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
| | - Zongqing Ding
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan 442000, PR China
| | - Jing Fan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, PR China.
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Assefa Ago K, Gure A, Addisu Kitte S, Kochito J, Buzayo Balcha Y. Vortex-assisted dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction using silica-supported Fe 2O 3-modified khat ( Catha edulis) biochar nanocomposite followed by GC-MS for the determination of organochlorine pesticides in juice samples. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2024; 59:285-299. [PMID: 38686491 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2024.2336572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, dispersive micro-solid phase extraction technique was developed for the purpose of extracting and preconcentrating organochlorine pesticide residues in juice samples before their separation and quantitative analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A sorbent composed of a silica-supported Fe2O3-modified khat leftover biochar nanocomposite (SiO2-Fe2O3-KLBNC) was implemented in the process. To improve the dispersion of the sorbent in the solution, vortex mixer was employed. Experimental parameters influencing the performance of the method were optimized, and the optimal conditions were established. With these conditions, linear dynamic ranges ranged from 0.003 to 100.0 ng/mL were achieved, with a correlation coefficient (r2) ≥ 0.9981. The limits of detection and quantification, determined by signal-to-noise ratios of 3 and 10, respectively, were found to be in the ranges of 0.001-0.006 ng/mL and 0.003-0.020 ng/mL. Intra- and inter-day precision, values ranging from 0.3-4.8% and 1.7-5.2% were obtained, respectively. The matrix-matched extraction recoveries demonstrated favorable outcomes, falling within the range of 83.4-108.3%. The utilization of khat leftover as an adsorbent in contemporary sample preparation methodologies offers a cost-effective alternative to the currently available, yet expensive, adsorbents. This renders it economically viable, particularly in resource-constrained regions, and is anticipated to witness widespread adoption in the coming future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kero Assefa Ago
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Abera Gure
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Shimeles Addisu Kitte
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Jemere Kochito
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Yerosan Buzayo Balcha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Ohoro CR, Wepener V. Review of scientific literature on available methods of assessing organochlorine pesticides in the environment. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22142. [PMID: 38045185 PMCID: PMC10692828 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) widely used in agriculture and industry, causing serious health and ecological consequences upon exposure. This review offers a thorough overview of OCPs analysis emphasizing the necessity of ongoing work to enhance the identification and monitoring of these POPs in environmental and human samples. The benefits and drawbacks of the various OCPs analysis techniques including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) are discussed. Challenges associated with validation and optimization criteria, including accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantitation (LOQ), must be met for a method to be regarded as accurate and reliable. Suitable quality control measures, such as method blanks and procedural blanks, are emphasized. The LOD and LOQ are critical quality control measure for efficient quantification of these compounds, and researchers have explored various techniques for their calculation. Matrix interference, solubility, volatility, and partition coefficient influence OCPs occurrences and are discussed in this review. Validation experiments, as stated by European Commission in document SANTE/11813/2017, showed that the acceptance criteria for method validation of OCP analytes include ≤20 % for high precision, and 70-120 % for recovery. This may ultimately be vital for determining the human health risk effects of exposure to OCP and for formulating sensible environmental and public health regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinemerem Ruth Ohoro
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Victor Wepener
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
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