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Yan X, Huang H, Chen W, Li H, Chen Y, Liang Y, Zeng H. Industrial effluents and N-nitrosamines in karst aquatic systems: a study on distribution and ecological implications. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:255. [PMID: 38884657 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02034-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The discharge of electroplating wastewater, containing high concentrations of N-nitrosamines, poses significant risks to human health and aquatic ecosystems. Karst aquatic environment is easily impacted by N-nitrosamines due to the fragile surface ecosystem. However, it's still unclear in understanding N-nitrosamine transformation in karst water systems. To explore the response and transport of nine N-nitrosamines in electroplating effluent within both karst surface water and groundwater, different river and groundwater samples were collected from both the upper and lower reaches of the effluent discharge areas in a typical karst industrial catchment in Southwest China. Results showed that the total average concentrations of N-nitrosamines (∑NAs) in electroplating effluent (1800 ng/L) was significantly higher than that in the receiving river water (130 ng/L) and groundwater (70 ng/L). The dynamic nature of karst aquifers resulted in comparable average concentrations of ∑NAs in groundwater (70 ng/L) and river water (79 ng/L) at this catchment. Based on the principal component analysis and multiple linear regression analysis, the electroplating effluent contributed 89% and 53% of N-nitrosamines to the river water and groundwater, respectively. The results based on the species sensitivity distribution model revealed N-nitrosodibutylamine as a particularly toxic compound to aquatic organisms. Furthermore, the average N-nitrosamine carcinogenic risk was significantly higher in lower groundwater reaches compared to upper reaches. This study represents a pioneering effort in considering specific N-nitrosamine properties in evaluating their toxicity and constructing species sensitivity curves. It underscores the significance of electroplating effluent as a primary N-nitrosamine source in aquatic environments, emphasizing their swift dissemination and significant accumulation in karst groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Huanfang Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution ControlSouth China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510535, China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Haixiang Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanpeng Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Honghu Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
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Hu Y, Chen M, Pu J, Chen S, Li Y, Zhang H. Enhancing phosphorus source apportionment in watersheds through species-specific analysis. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 253:121262. [PMID: 38367374 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a pivotal element responsible for triggering watershed eutrophication, and accurate source apportionment is a prerequisite for achieving the targeted prevention and control of P pollution. Current research predominantly emphasizes the allocation of total phosphorus (TP) loads from watershed pollution sources, with limited integration of source apportionment considering P species and their specific implications for eutrophication. This article conducts a retrospective analysis of the current state of research on watershed P source apportionment models, providing a comprehensive evaluation of three source apportionment methods, inventory analysis, diffusion models, and receptor models. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis of the impact of P species on watersheds is carried out, followed by the relationship between P species and the P source apportionment being critically clarified within watersheds. The study reveals that the impact of P on watershed eutrophication is highly dependent on P species, rather than absolute concentration of TP. Current research overlooking P species composition of pollution sources may render the acquired results of source apportionment incapable of assessing the impact of P sources on eutrophication accurately. In order to enhance the accuracy of watershed P pollution source apportionment, the following prospectives are recommended: (1) quantifying the P species composition of typical pollution sources; (2) revealing the mechanisms governing the migration and transformation of P species in watersheds; (3) expanding the application of traditional models and introducing novel methods to achieve quantitative source apportionment specifically for P species. Conducting source apportionment of specific species within a watershed contributes to a deeper understanding of P migration and transformation, enhancing the precise of management of P pollution sources and facilitating the targeted recovery of P resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuansi Hu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Mengli Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Jia Pu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China.
| | - Sikai Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Yao Li
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China.
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Chen C, Ai J, Chen L, Li Y, Tang X, Li J. Nitrogen metabolism pathways and functional microorganisms in typical karst wetlands. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:22494-22506. [PMID: 38407711 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32587-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Aha Lake artificial reservoir wetland, Niangniang Mountain karst mountain wetland, and Caohai plateau lake wetland are typical karst wetlands in Guizhou Province with unique topography and geomorphic features. They were selected as research objects in this study to explore microorganisms and functional genes in nitrogen metabolism adopting macro-genome sequencing technology. It was found that Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria were the dominant phyla in nitrogen metabolism in these three wetlands, similar to previous studies. However, at the genus level, there was a significant difference, with the dominant bacteria being Bradyrhizobium, Methylocystis, and Anaeromyxobacter. Six nitrogen metabolism pathways, including nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction, assimilatory nitrate reduction, and complete nitrification, comammox, were revealed, but anaerobic ammonia oxidation genes were not detected. Nitrogen metabolism microorganisms and pathways were more affected by SOM, pH, NO3-, and EC in karst wetlands. This study further discussed microorganisms and functions of nitrogen metabolism in karst wetlands, which was of great significance to nitrogen cycles of karst wetland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jia Ai
- Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Guizhou, 558013, Qiannan, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering, Chongqing, 402260, China
| | - Yancheng Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xin Tang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jiang Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, China
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Sha H, Song X, Abdullah Al-Dhabi N, Zeng T, Mao Y, Fu Y, Liu Z, Wang G, Tang W. Effects of biochar layer position on treatment performance and microbial community in subsurface flow constructed wetlands for removal of cadmium and lead. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130194. [PMID: 38086466 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Levels of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) correspond to common composition in acid mine wastewater of Hunan Province of China. The removal path of Cd and Pb and the structure of microbial community were investigated by developing constructed wetlands (CWs) with different layer positions of biochar. The biochar as a layer at the bottom of CW (BCW) system exhibited maximum Cd and Pb removal efficiencies of 96.6-98.6% and 97.2-98.9%, respectively. Compared with original soil, BCW increased the relative proportions of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Acidobacteriota, Verrucomicrobiota, Desulfobacterota, Armatimonadota, Bacteroidota, Patescibacteria, Basidiomycota (phylum level) and Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, Citrifermentans, Chthonomonadales, Cellulomonas, Geothrix, Terracidiphilus, Gallionellaceae, Microbacterium, Vanrija, Apiotrichum, Saitozyma, Fusarium (genus level). The concentrations of Cd and Pb were positively correlated with the abundance of Verrucomicrobiota, Basidiomycota (phylum level), and Methylacidiphilaceae, Meyerozyma, Vanrija (genus level). This study demonstrates that BCW system can improve removal performance toward Cd and Pb, as well as alter microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Sha
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Song
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taotao Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Yuemei Mao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yusong Fu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Wangwang Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
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Wang Y, Chen L, Li Z, Duan S, Zhang X, Fang J, Xiao Y. The role of iron-rich organic fertilizer in promoting the growth of Chinese cabbage and inhibiting the transformation of cadmium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168430. [PMID: 37949134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The issue of heavy metal pollution caused by human production and living activities is progressively worsening. This study explored the effect of iron-rich organic fertilizer on the growth, quality, and cadmium (Cd) absorption of Chinese cabbage under Cd stress. The results showed that iron-rich organic fertilizer could increase the soluble protein content and root length of Chinese cabbage. Meanwhile, it could change the form of Cd to inhibit the enrichment of Cd in Chinese cabbage. The alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen (AN), total potassium (TK), organic matter (OM), and moisture content (MC) of the Z3 treatment group (2 % ferrous sulfate heptahydrate) were significantly higher than those of other treatment groups. The microbial network of Z3 was more complex than the other three groups. PICRUSt analysis and correlation analysis showed that the genes related to protein synthesis (e.g., glutathione S-transferase, zinc and Cd transporter, outer membrane protein, ArsR family transcriptional regulator, catalase, etc.) can also promote microbial absorption. This study aims to provide theoretical insights into soil Cd pollution immobilization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liang Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhihuan Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shuyang Duan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xuerong Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jun Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Yunhua Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Yuan Q, Gao J, Liu P, Huang Z, Li L. Autotrophic denitrification based on sulfur-iron minerals: advanced wastewater treatment technology with simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:6766-6781. [PMID: 38159185 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31467-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Autotrophic denitrification technology has many advantages, including no external carbon source addition, low sludge production, high operating cost efficiency, prevention of secondary sewage pollution, and stable treatment efficiency. At present, the main research on autotrophic denitrification electron donors mainly includes sulfur, iron, and hydrogen. In these autotrophic denitrification systems, pyrite has received attention due to its advantages of easy availability of raw materials, low cost, and pH stability. When pyrite is used as a substrate for autotropic denitrification, sulfide (S2-) and ferrous ion (Fe2+) in the substrate will provide electrons to convert nitrate (NO3-) in sewage first to nitrite (NO2-), then to nitrogen (N2), and finally to discharge the system. At the same time, sulfide (S2-) loses electrons to sulfate (SO42-) and ferrous ion (Fe2+) loses electrons to ferric iron (Fe3+). Phosphates (PO43-) in wastewater are chemically combined with ferric iron (Fe3+) to form ferric phosphate (FePO4) precipitate. This paper aims to provide a detailed and comprehensive overview of the dynamic changes of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and other substances in the process of sulfur autotrophic denitrification using iron sulfide, and to summarize the factors that affect wastewater treatment in the system. This work will provide a relevant research direction and theoretical basis for the field of sulfur autotrophic denitrification, especially for the related experiments of the reaction conversion of various substances in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yuan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jingqing Gao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Panpan Liu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhenzhen Huang
- Faculty of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, China
| | - Luyang Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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