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Tang C, Zhang H, Border JJ, Liu Y, Fang X, Jefferson JR, Gregory A, Johnson C, Lee TJ, Bai S, Sharma A, Shin SM, Yu H, Roman RJ, Fan F. Impact of knockout of dual-specificity protein phosphatase 5 on structural and mechanical properties of rat middle cerebral arteries: implications for vascular aging. GeroScience 2024; 46:3135-3147. [PMID: 38200357 PMCID: PMC11009215 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01061-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular aging influences hemodynamics, elevating risks for vascular diseases and dementia. We recently demonstrated that knockout (KO) of Dusp5 enhances cerebral and renal hemodynamics and cognitive function. This improvement correlates with elevated pPKC and pERK1/2 levels in the brain and kidneys. Additionally, we observed that Dusp5 KO modulates the passive mechanical properties of cerebral and renal arterioles, associated with increased myogenic tone at low pressure, enhanced distensibility, greater compliance, and reduced stiffness. The present study evaluates the structural and mechanical properties of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in Dusp5 KO rats. We found that vascular smooth muscle cell layers and the collagen content in the MCA wall are comparable between Dusp5 KO and control rats. The internal elastic lamina in the MCA of Dusp5 KO rats exhibits increased thickness, higher autofluorescence intensity, smaller fenestrae areas, and fewer fenestrations. Despite an enhanced myogenic response and tone of the MCA in Dusp5 KO rats, other passive mechanical properties, such as wall thickness, cross-sectional area, wall-to-lumen ratio, distensibility, incremental elasticity, circumferential wall stress, and elastic modulus, do not significantly differ between strains. These findings suggest that while Dusp5 KO has a limited impact on altering the structural and mechanical properties of MCA, its primary role in ameliorating hemodynamics and cognitive functions is likely attributable to its enzymatic activity on cerebral arterioles. Further research is needed to elucidate the specific enzymatic mechanisms and explore potential clinical applications in the context of vascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyun Tang
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jane J Border
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yedan Liu
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Xing Fang
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Joshua R Jefferson
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Andrew Gregory
- Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Claire Johnson
- Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Shan Bai
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Seung Min Shin
- Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Richard J Roman
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Fan Fan
- Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
- Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Rutkowsky JM, Roland Z, Valenzuela A, Nguyen AB, Park HH, Six N, Dursun I, Kim K, Lein PJ, Ramsey JJ. The impact of continuous and intermittent ketogenic diets on cognitive behavior, motor function, and blood lipids in TgF344-AD rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5811-5828. [PMID: 38613791 PMCID: PMC11042947 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Studies suggest that ketogenic diets (KD) may improve memory in mouse models of aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study determined whether a continuous or intermittent KD (IKD) enhanced cognitive behavior in the TgF344-AD rat model of AD. At 6 months-old, TgF344-AD and wild-type (WT) littermates were placed on a control (CD), KD, or IKD (morning CD and afternoon KD) provided as two meals per day for 2 or 6 months. Cognitive and motor behavior and circulating β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), AD biomarkers and blood lipids were assessed. Animals on a KD diet had elevated circulating BHB, with IKD levels intermediate to CD and KD. TgF344-AD rats displayed impaired spatial learning memory in the Barnes maze at 8 and 12 months of age and impaired motor coordination at 12 months of age. Neither KD nor IKD improved performance compared to CD. At 12 months of age, TgF344-AD animals had elevated blood lipids. IKD reduced lipids to WT levels with KD further reducing cholesterol below WT levels. This study shows that at 8 or 12 months of age, KD or IKD intervention did not improve measures of cognitive or motor behavior in TgF344-AD rats; however, both IKD and KD positively impacted circulating lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Rutkowsky
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zabrisky Roland
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Anthony Valenzuela
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - An B. Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Heui Hye Park
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Natalie Six
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ilknur Dursun
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Pamela J. Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- The MIND Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jon J. Ramsey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Fang X, Border JJ, Rivers PL, Zhang H, Williams JM, Fan F, Roman RJ. Amyloid beta accumulation in TgF344-AD rats is associated with reduced cerebral capillary endothelial Kir2.1 expression and neurovascular uncoupling. GeroScience 2023; 45:2909-2926. [PMID: 37326915 PMCID: PMC10643802 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00841-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) exerts a tremendous socio-economic burden worldwide. Although reduced cerebral blood flow is an early and persistent symptom that precedes the loss of cognitive function in AD, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain unclear. The present study investigated whether capillary endothelial inward rectifier potassium 2 (Kir2.1) expression is reduced in TgF344-AD (AD) rats and contributes to neurovascular uncoupling and cognitive deficits in AD. Three- to fourteen-month-old AD rats expressing mutant human APP and PS1 and age-matched wild-type (WT) F344 rats were studied. AD rats exhibited higher amyloid beta (Aβ) expression in the brain as early as 3 months of age and amyloid plaques by 4 months of age. Functional hyperemic responses induced by whisker stimulation were impaired at 4 months of age, which were exacerbated in 6-month- and 14-month-old AD rats. The expression of Kir2.1 protein was significantly lower in the brains of 6-month-old AD versus WT rats, and Kir2.1 coverage was lower in the cerebral microvasculature of AD than in WT rats. Aβ1-42 reduced the Kir2.1 expression in cultured capillary endothelial cells. Cerebral parenchymal arterioles with attached capillaries exhibited a reduced vasodilator in response to 10 mM K+ applied to capillaries, and constricted less following administration of a Kir2.1 channel blocker, compared to WT vessels. These results indicate that capillary endothelial Kir2.1 expression is reduced and contributes to impaired functional hyperemia in AD rats at early ages, perhaps secondary to elevated Aβ expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Fang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Jane J Border
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Patrice L Rivers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Jan Michael Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1462 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| | - Richard J Roman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
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Zhang H, Border JJ, Fang X, Liu Y, Tang C, Gao W, Wang S, Shin SM, Guo Y, Zhang C, Gonzalez-Fernandez E, Yu H, Sun P, Roman RJ, Fan F. Enhanced Cerebral Hemodynamics and Cognitive Function Via Knockout of Dual-Specificity Protein Phosphatase 5. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY RESEARCH 2023; 7:49-61. [PMID: 37588944 PMCID: PMC10430881 DOI: 10.26502/fjppr.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Alzheimer's Disease-Related Dementias (ADRD) are neurodegenerative disorders. Recent studies suggest that cerebral hypoperfusion is an early symptom of AD/ADRD. Dual-specificity protein phosphatase 5 (DUSP5) has been implicated in several pathological conditions, including pulmonary hypertension and cancer, but its role in AD/ADRD remains unclear. The present study builds on our previous findings, demonstrating that inhibition of ERK and PKC leads to a dose-dependent dilation of the middle cerebral artery and penetrating arteriole, with a more pronounced effect in Dusp5 KO rats. Both ERK and PKC inhibitors resulted in a significant reduction of myogenic tone in vessels from Dusp5 KO rats. Dusp5 KO rats exhibited stronger autoregulation of the surface but not deep cortical cerebral blood flow. Inhibition of ERK and PKC significantly enhanced the contractile capacity of vascular smooth muscle cells from both strains. Finally, a significant improvement in learning and memory was observed in Dusp5 KO rats 24 hours after initial training. Our results suggest that altered vascular reactivity in Dusp5 KO rats may involve distinct mechanisms for different vascular beds, and DUSP5 deletion could be a potential therapeutic target for AD/ADRD. Further investigations are necessary to determine the effects of DUSP5 inhibition on capillary stalling, blood-brain barrier permeability, and neurodegeneration in aging and disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Zhang
- Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jane J Border
- Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Xing Fang
- Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yedan Liu
- Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Chengyun Tang
- Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Wenjun Gao
- Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Shaoxun Wang
- Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Seung Min Shin
- Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Ya Guo
- Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Chao Zhang
- Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | | | - Hongwei Yu
- Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Peng Sun
- Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Richard J Roman
- Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Fan Fan
- Pharmacology &Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
- Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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