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Kakkar RA, Haneen MA, Parida AC, Sharma G. The known, unknown, and the intriguing about members of a critically endangered traditional medicinal plant genus Aconitum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1139215. [PMID: 37575934 PMCID: PMC10421671 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1139215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Humanity will always be indebted to plants. In the ongoing scientific era, the 'Herbal Revolution' has helped discover several valuable medicinal plants and associated novel secondary metabolites from the diverse unexplored ecosystems, treating several diseases via phytotherapy. The Aconitum genus comprises several economically-important poisonous mountainous medicinal plant species whose unique biodiversity is on the verge of extinction due to illegal human intervention triggered habitat loss, over-harvesting, and unrestricted trading. Owing to its vast diversity of diterpene alkaloids, most species are extensively used to treat several ailments in rural parts of the world. Irrespective of this, many unexplored and intriguing prospects exist to understand and utilize this critical plant for human benefit. This systematic review tries to fill this gap by compiling information from the sporadically available literature known for ~300 Aconitum spp. regarding its nomenclature and classification, endangerment, plant morphology, ploidy, secondary metabolites, drug pharmacokinetics, conservation, and omics-based computational studies. We also depicted the disparity in the studied model organisms for this diverse genus. The absence of genomic/metagenomic data is becoming a limiting factor in understanding its plant physiology, metabolic pathways, and plant-microbes interactions, and therefore must be promoted. Additionally, government support and public participation are crucial in establishing conservation protocols to save this plant from endangerment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Ashok Kakkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Mariam Azeezuddin Haneen
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bengaluru, India
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2
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Saravanan S, Hari R, Sekar K. Anti-proliferative potentials of Aconitum heterophyllum Root Extract in Human Breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines-Genetic and Antioxidant enzyme approach. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2023; 15:188-195. [PMID: 37538242 PMCID: PMC10395462 DOI: 10.18502/ajmb.v15i3.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background One of the most important research activities around the world is the screening of various plant components for novel anticancer medicines. The anticancer activities of Aconitum heterophyllum were studied in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells in this study. Since tumorigenesis is thought to be the result of a series of progressive gene alterations, including oncogene activation and tumour suppressor gene inactivation, the expression of genes like p53, p21, STAT, and Bcl-2, which are thought to be important in tumorigenesis and cell death, was determined. In the present study there was an upregulation in the level expression of p53and p21 and down regulation in the expression of BCL2 and STAT. However, there is increase and decrease level of gene expression in Aconitum heterophyllum roots loaded Phyto-Niosomes (nEEAH), when compared to ethanolic root extract of Aconitum heterophyllum EEAH extract treated MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Methods The enzymatic antioxidants such as CAT, SOD, GR, GST, and GPX as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione, Vitamin E and Vitamin C were estimated in the treated MDA-MB-231 cells at the end of incubation. The RT-PCR technique was performed to study the expression patterns of apoptotic genes such as p53 and p21 and anti-apoptotic genes BCL2 and STAT in the drug treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Results In the present study there was a significant (p<0.05) increase in CAT and glutathione levels and a decrease in Vit C, Vit E and SOD, GR, GST, GPX levels in the untreated MDA-MB-231 cells. Increased apoptotic gene expression and decreased anti-apoptotic gene expression suggest the anti-proliferative nature of the drug extract was comparable to the doxorubicin the positive drug used in the present study. Conclusion It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of Aconitum heterophyllum roots loaded Phyto-Niosomes (nEEAH), when compared to ethanolic root extract of Aconitum heterophyllum EEAH extract treated MDA-MB-231 cell lines exert its anti-cancer activity by activating the apoptotic genes, suppressing anti-apoptotic genes as well as modulating the antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujatha Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology Dr M.G.R Educational and Research Institute Maduravoyal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajeswari Hari
- Department of Biotechnology Dr M.G.R Educational and Research Institute Maduravoyal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthikeyan Sekar
- Department of Biotechnology Dr M.G.R Educational and Research Institute Maduravoyal, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Tiwari S, Acharya P, Solanki B, Sharma AK, Rawat S. A review on efforts for improvement in medicinally important chemical constituents in Aconitum through biotechnological interventions. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:190. [PMID: 37193333 PMCID: PMC10183062 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Aconitum belongs to the family Ranunculaceae, is endowed with more than 350 species on the earth. Medicinally important aconitine type of diterpenoid alkaloids are the characteristic compounds in most of the Aconitum species. The present review endeavored the major research carried out in the field of genetic resource characterization, pharmacological properties, phytochemistry, major factors influencing quantity, biosynthetic pathways and processing methods for recovery of active ingredients, variety improvement, propagation methods, and important metabolite production through cell/organ culture of various Aconitum species. More than 450 derivatives of aconitine-type C19 and C20-diterpenoid alkaloids along with a few other non-alkaloidal compounds, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and fatty acids, have been identified in the genus. A few Aconitum species and their common diterpenoid alkaloid compounds are also well characterized for analgesic, inflammatory and cytotoxic properties. However, the different isolated compound needs to be validated for supporting other traditional therapeutical uses of the plant species. Aconitine alkaloids shared common biosynthesis pathway, but their diversification mechanism remains unexplored in the genus. Furthermore, the process needs to be developed on secondary metabolite recovery, mass-scale propagation methods, and agro-technologies for maintaining the quality of products. Many species are losing their existence in nature due to over-exploitation or anthropogenic factors; thus, temporal monitoring of the population status in its habitat, and suitable management programs for ascertaining conservation needs to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekhar Tiwari
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences, P. P. Savani University, Surat, Gujarat India
| | - Puja Acharya
- Sikkim Regional Centre, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Pangthang, Gangtok, Sikkim India
| | - Bharat Solanki
- Department of Biochemistry, M. B. Patel Science College, Sardar Patel University, Anand, Gujarat India
| | - Anish Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences, P. P. Savani University, Surat, Gujarat India
| | - Sandeep Rawat
- Sikkim Regional Centre, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Pangthang, Gangtok, Sikkim India
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Wada K, Takaguri A, Kaneda K, Mizukami M, Suzuki Y, Yamashita H. Rational design and structure-activity relationship studies reveal new esterified C 20-diterpenoid alkaloid analogues active against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. J Nat Med 2023; 77:276-283. [PMID: 36477683 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01667-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although various diterpenoid alkaloids have been evaluated recently for antiproliferative activity against human tumor cell lines, little information is available regarding the antiproliferative effects of C20-diterpenoid alkaloids against MCF-7 cells. Six new diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives (13, 14, 22, 23, 25, 26) were prepared by C-11 and 15 esterification of kobusine (6). The natural parent alkaloid 6 and all synthesized derivatives (7 - 27, 12a, 15a, 15b, 18a, 18b) were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cells. The structure-based design strategy resulted in an initial lead derivative, 11,15-dibenzoylkobusine (7; IC50 8.6 µM). Subsequent synthesized 11,15-diacylkobusine derivatives (9, 16, 20, 21, 23, 25, and 26) showed substantially increased suppressive effects against the MCF-7 cell line (IC50 2.3-4.4 µM). In contrast, parent alkaloid 6, two 11-acylkobusine derivatives (15a, 18a), and two 15-acylkobusine derivatives (15b, 18b) showed no effect. 11,15-Diacylation appears to be critical for producing antiproliferative activity in this alkaloid class and could introduce a new avenue in overcoming breast cancer cell proliferation using natural product derivatives. In a preliminary mechanism of action study, representative derivatives (5, 8, 9, and 17) decreased cyclin D1 mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Wada
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-Jo 15-Choume, Teine-Ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan.
| | - Akira Takaguri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-Jo 15-Choume, Teine-Ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
- Creation Research Institute of Life Science in KITA-No-DAICHI, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Kaneda
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-Jo 15-Choume, Teine-Ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
- Creation Research Institute of Life Science in KITA-No-DAICHI, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Megumi Mizukami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-Jo 15-Choume, Teine-Ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
| | - Yuji Suzuki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-Jo 15-Choume, Teine-Ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamashita
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-Jo 15-Choume, Teine-Ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
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Wada K, Goto M, Tanaka H, Mizukami M, Suzuki Y, Lee KH, Yamashita H. Discovery of C 20-Diterpenoid Alkaloid Kobusine Derivatives Exhibiting Sub-G1 Inducing Activity. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:28173-28181. [PMID: 35990488 PMCID: PMC9386823 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although many diterpenoid alkaloids have been evaluated recently for antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell lines, little data have been offered relating to the antiproliferative effects of hetisine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloids, such as kobusine (1), likewise as their derivatives. A total of 43 novel diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives (2-10, 2b, 3a, 3b, 6a-16a, 7b, 9b, 10b, 13, 15-26, 15b, 18a, 23a, 27a) were prepared by C-11 and -15 esterification of 1. Antiproliferative effects of the natural parent compound (1) and all synthesized kobusine derivatives against human cancer cell lines, including a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line as well as a P-glycoprotein overexpressing multidrug-resistant subline, were assessed. The structure-based design strategy resulted in the lead derivative 11,15-dibenzoylkobusine (3; average IC50 7.3 μM). Several newly synthesized kobusine derivatives (particularly, 5-8, 10, 13, 15-26) exhibited substantial suppressive effects against all tested human cancer cell lines. In contrast, kobusine (1), 11,15-O-diacetylkobusine (2), 11-acylkobusine derivatives (3a, 6a, 9a, 11a, 12a, 15a, 27a), and 15-acylkobusine derivatives (2b, 3b, 7b, 9b, 10b, 15b) showed no effect. The most active kobusine derivatives primarily had two specific substitution patterns, C-11,15 and C-11. Notably, 11,15-diacylkobusine derivatives (3, 6-10, 13, 15, 16, 18, 23) were more potent compared with 11- and 15-acylkobusine derivatives (3a, 3b, 6a-10a, 7b, 9b, 10b, 13a, 15a, 15b, 16a, 18a, 23a). Derivatives 13 and 25 induced MDA-MB-231 cells to the sub-G1 phase within 12 h. 11,15-Diacylation of kobusine (1) appears to be crucial for inducing antiproliferative activity in this alkaloid class and could introduce a new avenue to overcome TNBC using natural product derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Wada
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8585, Japan
| | - Masuo Goto
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of
Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
| | - Hisano Tanaka
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8585, Japan
| | - Megumi Mizukami
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8585, Japan
| | - Yuji Suzuki
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8585, Japan
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Division
of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of
Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
| | - Hiroshi Yamashita
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8585, Japan
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6
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Wada K, Goto M, Ohkoshi E, Lee KH, Yamashita H. Bioactivity inspired C 19-diterpenoid alkaloids for overcoming multidrug-resistant cancer. J Nat Med 2022; 76:796-802. [PMID: 35614289 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01629-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The pharmacological activities of C19-diterpenoid alkaloids are related to their basic skeletons (e.g., aconitine-type or lycoctonine-type). Also, few studies have been reported on the chemosensitizing effects of diterpenoid alkaloids. Consequently, this study was aimed at determining the chemosensitizing effects of synthetic derivatives of lycoctonine-type C19-diterpenoid alkaloids on a P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-overexpressing multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cell line KB-VIN. The acyl-derivatives of delpheline and delcosine showed moderate cytotoxicity against chemosensitive cancer cell lines. Among non-cytotoxic synthetic analogs (1-14), several derivatives effectively and significantly sensitized MDR cells by interfering with the drug transport function of P-gp to three anticancer drugs, vincristine, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin. The chemosensitizing effect of derivatives 2, 4, and 6 on KB-VIN cells against vincristine were more potent than 5 μM verapamil, and derivatives 4 and 13 were more effective than 5 μM verapamil for paclitaxel. Among them, 2 in particular increased the sensitivity of KB-VIN cells to vincristine by 253-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Wada
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan.
| | - Masuo Goto
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7568, USA
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7568, USA
| | - Hiroshi Yamashita
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
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7
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Zhang W, Lu C, Cai S, Feng Y, Shan J, Di L. Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata as Potential Anticancer Herb: Bioactive Compounds and Molecular Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:870282. [PMID: 35662730 PMCID: PMC9158441 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.870282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi in Chinese) is a traditional herbal medicine widely used in China and other Asian countries. In clinical practice, it is often used to treat heart failure, rheumatoid arthritis, and different kinds of pains. Fuzi extract and its active ingredients exert considerable anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. The main chemical substances of Fuzi include alkaloids, polysaccharides, flavonoids, fatty acids, and sterols. Among of them, alkaloids and polysaccharides are responsible for the anticancer efficacy. Most bioactive alkaloids in Fuzi possess C19 diterpenoid mother nucleus and these natural products show great potential for cancer therapy. Moreover, polysaccharides exert extraordinary tumor-suppressive functions. This review comprehensively summarized the active ingredients, antineoplastic effects, and molecular mechanisms of Fuzi by searching PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and CNKI. The anticancer effects are largely attributed to inducing apoptosis and autophagy, inhibiting proliferation, migration and invasion, regulating body immunity, affecting energy metabolism, as well as reversing multidrug resistance. Meanwhile, several signaling pathways and biological processes are mainly involved, such as NF-κB, EMT, HIF-1, p38 MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and TCA cycle. Collectively, alkaloids and polysaccharides in Fuzi might serve as attractive therapeutic candidates for the development of anticancer drugs. This review would lay a foundation and provide a basis for further basic research and clinical application of Fuzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoying Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuhui Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaru Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liuqing Di
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Efficient Delivery System of TCM, Nanjing, China
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Yao Y, Chen Y, Zeren D, Ma Y, Xie Y, Wang Q, Ma H, Wang M, Liu F, Zhu C, Lin C. Diterpenoid alkaloids isolated from Delphinium trichophorum alleviate pulmonary fibrosis via the TGF-β/Smad pathway in 3T6 and HFL-1 cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Liu XY, Ke BW, Qin Y, Wang FP. The diterpenoid alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2022; 87:1-360. [PMID: 35168778 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The diterpenoid alkaloids are a family of extremely important natural products that have long been a research hotspot due to their myriad of intricate structures and diverse biological properties. This chapter systematically summarizes the past 11 years (2009-2019) of studies on the diterpenoid alkaloids, including the "so-called" atypical ones, covering the classification and biogenetic relationships, phytochemistry together with 444 new alkaloids covering 32 novel skeletons and the corrected structures, chemical reactions including conversion toward toxoids, synthetic studies, as well as biological activities. It should be noted that the synthetic studies, especially the total syntheses of various diterpenoid alkaloids, are for the first time reviewed in this treatise. This chapter, in combination with our four previous reviews in volumes 42, 59, 67, and 69, will present to the readers a more completed and updated profile of the diterpenoid alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo-Wen Ke
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Qin
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Feng-Peng Wang
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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10
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Luan S, Gao Y, Liang X, Zhang L, Wu Q, Hu Y, Yin L, He C, Liu S. Aconitine linoleate, a natural lipo-diterpenoid alkaloid, stimulates anti-proliferative activity reversing doxorubicin resistance in MCF-7/ADR breast cancer cells as a selective topoisomerase IIα inhibitor. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:65-76. [PMID: 34727218 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Aconitine linoleate (1) is a lipo-diterpenoid alkaloid, isolated from Aconitum sinchiangense W. T. Wang. The study aimed at investigating the anti-proliferative efficacy and the underlying mechanisms of 1 against MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells, as well as obvious the safety evaluation in vivo. The cytotoxic activities of 1 were measured in vitro. Also, we investigated the latent mechanism of 1 by cell cycle analysis in MCF-7/ADR cells and topo I and topo IIα inhibition assay. Molecular docking is done by Discovery Studio 3.5 and Autodock vina 1.1.2. Finally, the acute toxicity of 1 was detected on mice. 1 exhibited significant antitumor activity against both MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells, with IC50 values of 7.58 and 7.02 μM, which is 2.38 times and 5.05 times more active, respectively than etoposide in both cell lines, and being 9.63 times more active than Adriamycin in MCF-7/ADR cell lines. The molecular docking and the topo inhibition test found that it is a selective inhibitor of topoisomerase IIα. Moreover, activation of the damage response pathway of the DNA leads to cell cycle arrest at the G0G1 phase. Furthermore, the in vivo acute toxicity of 1 in mice displayed lower toxicity than aconitine, with LD50 of 2.2 × 105 nmol/kg and only slight pathological changes in liver and lung tissue, 489 times safer than aconitine. In conclusion, compared with aconitine, 1 has more significant anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells and greatly reduces in vivo toxicity, which suggests this kind of lipo-alkaloids is powerful and promising antitumor compounds for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangxian Luan
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Gao
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Liang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunkai Hu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizi Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Changliang He
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixi Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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11
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Yin T, Zhang H, Zhang W, Jiang Z. Chemistry and biological activities of hetisine-type diterpenoid alkaloids. RSC Adv 2021; 11:36023-36033. [PMID: 35492752 PMCID: PMC9043348 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07173d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hetisine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloids (DAs) are one of the most important DA subtypes. During the past decades, a total of 157 hetisine-type DAs were obtained from plants from seven genera in three families, most of which were isolated from the genera Aconitum and Delphinium in the Ranunculaceae family. Structurally, hetisine-type DAs are characterized by a heptacyclic hetisane skeleton formed by the linkage of C(14)–C(20) and N–C(6) bonds in an atisine-type DA, and their structural diversity is created by the states of the N atom and various substituents. Pharmacological studies have revealed a wide range of pharmacological actions for hetisine-type DAs, including antiarrhythmic, antitumor, antimicrobial and insecticidal activities, as well as effects on peripheral vasculature, which are closely related to their chemical structures. In particular, the prominent antiarrhythmic effects and low toxicity of hetisine-type DAs highlight their potential in antiarrhythmic drug discovery. Hetisine-type DAs with diverse bioactivities are promising lead structures for further development as commercial agents in medicine. Natural hetisine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloids with diverse structures showed multiple pharmacological activities, indicating great potential in drug discovery.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macau 999078 China .,Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus Zhuhai 519041 China
| | - Huixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macau 999078 China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macau 999078 China
| | - Zhihong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macau 999078 China
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12
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Li Y, Zeng J, Tian YH, Hou Y, Da H, Fang J, Gao K. Isolation, identification, and activity evaluation of diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum sinomontanum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 190:112880. [PMID: 34311277 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical study led to the isolation of 25 diterpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum sinomontanum, of which six were described for the first time. Among them compounds 1-3 are anhydrolycoctonine derivatives, rare rearranged aconitine-type C19-diterpenoid alkaloids. To our best knowledge, less than ten of this type of alkaloids were isolated just from the genus Aconitum. The structures of these unreported compounds were elucidated by extensive analysis of NMR spectroscopic data and X-ray diffraction. The biological activities of compounds 1-3, 5-9, and 12-25 were evaluated. Among the tested compounds, compounds 2 and 17 showed potent inhibitory effect on the capsaicin (selective TRPV1 agonist) mediated activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels expressed in HEK-293 cells with inhibition rate of 31.78% and 30.94% at the concentration of 10 μM. Compounds 1-3, 5-9, 13, and 18-25 exhibited weak cytotoxic activity against human tumor cell lines NCI-H226 and MDA-MB-231 with inhibition rate over 10% at the concentration of 10 μM. Compound 16 showed most inhibitory effect on the expression of Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor-2)-regulated gene with inhibition rate of 25% at the concentration of 20 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, 401121, China
| | - Yu-Hua Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical Collage, #1 Ningde Road, Qingdao, 266073, China
| | - Yanan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Honghong Da
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Kun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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13
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Shen Y, Liang WJ, Shi YN, Kennelly EJ, Zhao DK. Structural diversity, bioactivities, and biosynthesis of natural diterpenoid alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 37:763-796. [PMID: 32129397 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00002g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2009 to 2018. Diterpenoid alkaloids, originating from the amination of natural tetracyclic diterpenes, are a diverse class of compounds having complex structural features with many stereocenters. The important pharmacological activities and structural complexity of the diterpenoid alkaloids have long interested scientists due to their medicinal uses, infamous toxicity, and unique biosynthesis. Since 2009, 373 diterpenoid alkaloids, assigned to 46 skeletons, have been isolated and identified from plants mostly in the Ranunculaceae family. The names, classes, molecular weight, molecular formula, NMR data, and plant sources of these diterpene alkaloids are collated here. This review will be a detailed update of the naturally occurring diterpene alkaloids reported from the plant kingdom from 2009-2018, providing an in-depth discussion of their diversity, biological activities, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, application, evolution, and biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Shen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China and Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Plant Disease and Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China. and Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease and Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China and School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China and Kunming Kangren Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650203, P. R. China and Research & Development Center for Functional Products, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Liang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Na Shi
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, P. R. China and Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650000, P. R. China
| | - Edward J Kennelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, New York, 10468, USA. and Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry, Biology, and Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, 10016, USA
| | - Da-Ke Zhao
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Plant Disease and Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China. and Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease and Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China and School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650504, P. R. China and Kunming Kangren Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650203, P. R. China
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14
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Ali S, Chouhan R, Sultan P, Hassan QP, Gandhi SG. A comprehensive review of phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of the genus Aconitum L. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-021-00565-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Luan S, Gao Y, Liang X, Zhang L, Yin L, He C, Liu S, Yin Z, Yue G, Zou Y, Li L, Song X, Lv C, Zhang W, Jing B. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of lipo-diterpenoid alkaloids with potential target of topoisomerase IIα for breast cancer treatment. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104699. [PMID: 33611138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aconitine linoleate (11) isolated from the Aconitum sinchiangense W. T. Wang exhibited significant anti-tumor activity. Based on this, a series of novel lipo-diterpenoid alkaloids were synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activities against MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cell lines. Seventeen compounds, including 18-20, 22, 24-32, 36, 39, 41-42 possessed higher anti-proliferative activities (IC50 < 20 μM) against MCF-7 cell lines, which were better than the reference drug etoposide (IC50 = 18.01 ± 1.64 μM), among which compound 24 (IC50 = 4.00 ± 0.30 μM) was found to be the most potent derivative, being 4.5-fold more active than etoposide. Meanwhile, eighteen compounds, including 18-22, 24, 26-32, 36, 38-39, 41-42 presented excellent activities (IC50 < 20 μM) against MCF-7/ADR cell lines, better than etoposide (IC50 = 35.48 ± 0.29 μM) and doxorubicin (IC50 = 67.61 ± 6.5 μM). The most potent compound (19) was 13.5- and 25.7-fold more active than etoposide and doxorubicin against MCF-7/ADR cell lines, respectively. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies indicated that the 3-OH, 8-lipo, 14-benzene ring, and nitrogen atom with proper alkaline are crucial elements for anti-proliferative activity of target lipo-diterpenoid compounds. The proper length, the double bonds or di-fluoro-substituted at C-8 fatty acid chain, the para-donating electron group on 14-benzene group, and 13-OH are all favorable for the enhancement of anti-proliferative activities. In conclusion, the introduction of the 8-lipo group into aconitine leads to significant increase of anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells, which suggests these kinds of lipo-alkaloids are powerful and promising antitumor compounds for breast cancer, especially for drug-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangxian Luan
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yingying Gao
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Liang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Lizi Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Changliang He
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Shixi Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Guizhou Yue
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Lixia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Bo Jing
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
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16
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Yamashita H, Miyao M, Hiramori K, Kobayashi D, Suzuki Y, Mizukami M, Goto M, Lee KH, Wada K. Cytotoxic diterpenoid alkaloid from Aconitum japonicum subsp. subcuneatum. J Nat Med 2020; 74:83-89. [PMID: 31346973 PMCID: PMC6952573 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We explored new cytotoxic C19-diterpenoid alkaloid, lipojesaconitine (1), from rhizoma of Aconitum japonicum THUNB. subsp. subcuneatum (NAKAI) KADOTA. Two additional non-cytotoxic new C19-diterpenoid alkaloids, 10-hydroxychasmanine (2) and 3-hydroxykaracoline (3), together with eight known C19- and C20-diterpenoid alkaloids (4-11) were also isolated. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including NMR (1D and 2D), IR, and MS (HRMS). Six known diterpenoid alkaloids, foresticine (5), neolinine (6), aconicarchamine A (7), 9-hydroxynominine (8), kobusine (9), and torokonine (10), were isolated for the first time from A. japonicum subsp. subcuneatum. Alkaloid 1 showed cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 6.0 to 7.3 µM against four human tumor cell lines, except a multidrug-resistant subline, suggesting that 1 was likely exported by P-glycoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yamashita
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
| | - Mai Miyao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hiramori
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
| | - Yuji Suzuki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
| | - Megumi Mizukami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599 7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599 7568, USA
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Koji Wada
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan.
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17
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Wada K, Yamashita H. Cytotoxic Effects of Diterpenoid Alkaloids Against Human Cancer Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:E2317. [PMID: 31234546 PMCID: PMC6630653 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diterpenoid alkaloids are isolated from plants of the genera Aconitum, Delphinium, and Garrya (Ranunculaceae) and classified according to their chemical structures as C18-, C19- or C20-diterpenoid alkaloids. The extreme toxicity of certain compounds, e.g., aconitine, has prompted a thorough investigation of how structural features affect their bioactivities. Therefore, natural diterpenoid alkaloids and semi-synthetic alkaloid derivatives were evaluated for cytotoxic effects against human tumor cells [A549 (lung carcinoma), DU145 (prostate carcinoma), MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative breast cancer), MCF-7 (estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer), KB (identical to cervical carcinoma HeLa derived AV-3 cell line), and multidrug-resistant (MDR) subline KB-VIN]. Among the tested alkaloids, C19-diterpenoid (e.g., lipojesaconitine, delcosine and delpheline derivatives) and C20-diterpenoid (e.g., kobusine and pseudokobusine derivatives) alkaloids exhibited significant cytotoxic activity and, thus, provide promising new leads for further development as antitumor agents. Notably, several diterpenoid alkaloids were more potent against MDR subline KB-VIN cells than the parental drug-sensitive KB cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Wada
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8590, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Yamashita
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8590, Japan.
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18
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Wada K, Goto M, Shimizu T, Kusanagi N, Mizukami M, Suzuki Y, Li KP, Lee KH, Yamashita H. Structure-activity relationships and evaluation of esterified diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives as antiproliferative agents. J Nat Med 2019; 73:789-799. [PMID: 31222559 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01331-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Diterpenoid alkaloids with remarkable chemical properties and biological activities are frequently found in plants of the genera Aconitum, Delphinium, and Garrya. However, little information has been reported on the antiproliferative effects of the diterpenoid alkaloid constituents of Aconitum and Delphinium plants. C-1 and 14 esterifications of delcosine (1) were carried out to provide 39 new diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives (3-14, 16-29, 3a-7a, 9a, 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b, 16a, 17a, 24a, 35a). Selected compounds (3-14, 16-29, 3a-7a, 9a, 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b, 16a, 17a, 24a, 35a) were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against three to five human tumor cell lines including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) overexpressing multidrug-resistant (MDR) subline. Several newly synthesized delcosine derivatives (6, 7, 13, 13a, 13b) showed substantial suppressive effects against all human tumor cell lines tested. In contrast, the natural alkaloids (1, 31, 33) showed no effect. Most of the active compounds were delcosine derivatives with two specific substitution patterns-C-1 and C-1,14. In particular, 1-acyldelcosine derivative (5-7) displayed more potency than 1,14-diacyldelcosine derivatives (5a-7a). These acylated alkaloid derivatives caused accumulation of TNBC cells at sub-G1 within 24 h. 1-Acylation of 1 appears to be critical for producing antiproliferative activity in this alkaloid class and a means to provide promising new leads for further development into antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Wada
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan.
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7568, USA
| | - Takahiro Shimizu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
| | - Nami Kusanagi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
| | - Megumi Mizukami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
| | - Yuji Suzuki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
| | - Kang-Po Li
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7568, USA.,Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hiroshi Yamashita
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, 4-1, Maeda 7-jo 15-choume, Teine-ku, Sapporo, 006-8585, Japan
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Liang X, Gao Y, Luan S. Two decades of advances in diterpenoid alkaloids with cytotoxicity activities. RSC Adv 2018; 8:23937-23946. [PMID: 35540251 PMCID: PMC9081856 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03911a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The important pharmacological activities and structural complexity of diterpenoid alkaloids have long stimulated strong scientific interest; some of these naturally abundant compounds have been reported to be highly promising for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Liang
- Natural Medicine Research Center
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- P. R. China
| | - Yingying Gao
- Natural Medicine Research Center
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- P. R. China
| | - Shangxian Luan
- Natural Medicine Research Center
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Sichuan Agricultural University
- Chengdu 611130
- P. R. China
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20
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Beigh S, Rashid H, Sharma S, Parvez S, Raisuddin S. Bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicopathological changes in rats and its prevention by walnut extract. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:418-429. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Anticancer Activities of C 18-, C 19-, C 20-, and Bis-Diterpenoid Alkaloids Derived from Genus Aconitum. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020267. [PMID: 28208826 PMCID: PMC6155828 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common lethal diseases, and natural products have been extensively studied as anticancer agents considering their availability, low toxicity, and economic affordability. Plants belonging to the genus Aconitum have been widely used medically in many Asian countries since ancient times. These plants have been proven effective for treating several types of cancer, such as lung, stomach, and liver cancers. The main effective components of Aconitum plants are diterpenoid alkaloids—which are divided into C18-, C19-, C20-, and bis-diterpenoid alkaloids—are reportedly some of the most promising, naturally abundant compounds for treating cancer. This review focuses on the progress of diterpenoid alkaloids with different structures derived from Aconitum plants and some of their derivatives with potential anticancer activities. We hope that this work can serve as a reference for further developing Aconitum diterpenoid alkaloids as anticancer agents.
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Wada K, Ohkoshi E, Zhao Y, Goto M, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH. Evaluation of Aconitum diterpenoid alkaloids as antiproliferative agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:1525-31. [PMID: 25770782 PMCID: PMC4374035 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Little information has been reported on the antitumor effects of the diterpenoid alkaloid constituents of Aconitum plants, used in the herbal drug 'bushi'. This study was aimed at determining the antitumor activities of Aconitum C19-and C20-diterpenoid alkaloids and synthetic derivatives against lung (A549), prostate (DU145), nasopharyngeal (KB), and vincristine-resistant nasopharyngeal (KB-VIN) cancer cell lines. Newly synthesized C20-diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives showed substantial suppressive effects against all human tumor cell lines tested. In contrast, natural and derivatized C19-diterpenoid alkaloids showed only a slight or no effect. Most of the active compounds were hetisine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloids, specifically kobusine and pseudokobusine analogs with two different substitution patterns, C-11 and C-11,15. Notably, several C20-diterpenoid alkaloids were more potent against multidrug-resistant KB subline KB-VIN cells. Pseudokobusine 11-3'-trifluoromethylbenzoate (94) is a possible promising new lead meriting additional evaluation against multidrug-resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Wada
- School of Pharmacy, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University, 7-1, Katsuraoka-cho, Otaru 047-0264, Japan; Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Yu Zhao
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Lee KH, Morris-Natschke S, Qian K, Dong Y, Yang X, Zhou T, Belding E, Wu SF, Wada K, Akiyama T. Recent Progress of Research on Herbal Products Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine: the Herbs belonging to The Divine Husbandman's Herbal Foundation Canon ( Shén Nóng Běn Cǎo Jīng). J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 2:6-26. [PMID: 24716110 PMCID: PMC3943012 DOI: 10.1016/s2225-4110(16)30066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This article will review selected herbal products from Chinese Materia Medica that are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. The herbs come from the upper, middle, and lower class medicines as listed in The Divine Husbandman's Herbal Foundation Canon (神農本草經 Shén Nóng Běn Cǎo Jīng). The review will focus on the active constituents of the herbs and their bioactivities, with emphasis on the most recent progress in research for the period of 2003 to 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568 USA ; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Susan Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568 USA
| | - Keduo Qian
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568 USA
| | - Yizhou Dong
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568 USA
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568 USA
| | - Ting Zhou
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568 USA
| | - Eileen Belding
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568 USA
| | - Shou-Fang Wu
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568 USA
| | - Koji Wada
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568 USA
| | - Toshiyuki Akiyama
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568 USA
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24
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Gao F, Li YY, Wang D, Huang X, Liu Q. Diterpenoid alkaloids from the Chinese traditional herbal "Fuzi" and their cytotoxic activity. Molecules 2012; 17:5187-94. [PMID: 22628040 PMCID: PMC6268201 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17055187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ten diterpenoid alkaloids, including eight aconitine-type C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids and two hetisine-type C₂₀-diterpenoid alkaloids, were isolated from the secondary roots of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx., known as "Fuzi" in Chinese traditional herbal medicine. Their structures were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data and comparison with those of the literature. Among these alkaloids, chasmanine, oxonitine and 15-acetylsongoramine were isolated for the first time from this medicinal plant. The cytotoxic activity of the alkaloids were tested against several cell lines by the MTT method in which aconitine, hypaconitine, mesaconitne and oxonitine were found to strongly inhibit the growth of the HePG2 cell line, which showed that the existence and quantity of the ester groups have a significant influence on the cytotoxicity of the diterpenoid alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Department of Chinese Traditional Herbal, Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.221 Huming Road, Wenjiang Region, Chengdu 611130, China.
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25
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Wada K, Ohkoshi E, Morris-Natschke SL, Bastow KF, Lee KH. Cytotoxic esterified diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives with increased selectivity against a drug-resistant cancer cell line. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:249-52. [PMID: 22142543 PMCID: PMC3248953 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
C-6 Esterifications of delpheline (1) were carried out to provide 20 new diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives (4-22, 24). Three natural alkaloids (1-3) and all synthesized compounds (4-25) were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against lung (A549), prostate (DU145), nasopharyngeal (KB), and vincristine-resistant nasopharyngeal (KB-VIN) cancer cell lines and interestingly, showed an improved drug resistance profile compared to paclitaxel. Particularly, 6-(4-fluoro-3-methylbenzoyl)delpheline (22) displayed 2.6-fold greater potency against KB-VIN cells compared with the parental non-drug resistant KB cells. 6-Acylation of 1 appears to be critical for producing cytotoxic activity in this alkaloid class and a means to provide promising new leads for further development into antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Wada
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
- School of Pharmacy, Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University, 7-1, Katsuraoka-cho, Otaru 047-0264, Japan
| | - Emika Ohkoshi
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Susan L. Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kenneth F. Bastow
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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26
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