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Alam SSM, Samanta A, Uddin F, Ali S, Hoque M. Tanshinone IIA targeting cell signaling pathways: a plausible paradigm for cancer therapy. Pharmacol Rep 2023:10.1007/s43440-023-00507-y. [PMID: 37440106 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00507-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural compounds originating from plants offer a wide range of pharmacological potential and have traditionally been used to treat a wide range of diseases including cancer. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a bioactive molecule found in the roots of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) herb Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been shown to have remarkable anticancer properties through several mechanisms, such as inhibition of tumor cell growth and proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis, as well as induction of apoptosis and autophagy. It has demonstrated excellent anticancer efficacy against cell lines from breast, cervical, colorectal, gastric, lung, and prostate cancer by modulating multiple signaling pathways including PI3K/Akt, JAK/STAT, IGF-1R, and Bcl-2-Caspase pathways. This review focuses on the role of Tan IIA in the treatment of various cancers, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arijit Samanta
- Applied Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, Kolkata, 700160, India
| | - Faizan Uddin
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Safdar Ali
- Clinical and Applied Genomics (CAG) Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, Kolkata, 700160, India
| | - Mehboob Hoque
- Applied Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, Kolkata, 700160, India.
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2
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Li H, Hu P, Zou Y, Yuan L, Xu Y, Zhang X, Luo X, Zhang Z. Tanshinone IIA and hepatocellular carcinoma: A potential therapeutic drug. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1071415. [PMID: 36798821 PMCID: PMC9928209 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1071415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of its high prevalence and poor long-term clinical treatment effect, liver disease is regarded as a major public health problem around the world. Among them, viral hepatitis, fatty liver, cirrhosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and autoimmune liver disease are common causes and inducements of liver injury, and play an important role in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Tanshinone IIA (TsIIA) is a fat soluble polyphenol of Salvia miltiorrhiza that is extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza. Because of its strong biological activity (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant), it is widely used in Asia to treat cardiovascular and liver diseases. In addition, TsIIA has shown significant anti-HCC activity in previous studies. It not only has significant anti proliferation and pro apoptotic properties. It can also play an anti-cancer role by mediating a variety of signal pathways, including phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/rapamycin (mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). This review not only reviews the existing evidence and molecular mechanism of TsIIA's anti-HCC effect but also reviews the liver-protective effect of TsIIA and its impact on liver fibrosis, NAFLD, and other risk factors for liver cancer. In addition, we also conducted network pharmacological analysis on TsIIA and HCC to further screen and explore the possible targets of TsIIA against hepatocellular carcinoma. It is expected to provide a theoretical basis for the development of anti-HCC-related drugs based on TsIIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Pengbo Hu
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China,Institute of Medical Science of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yajun Zou
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lijuan Yuan
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Yucheng Xu
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, China,Institute of Medical Science of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China,*Correspondence: Zhiqiang Zhang,
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3
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Chi Q, Wang D, Sun T, Liang HP. Integrated bioinformatical and in vitro study on drug targets for liver cirrhosis based on unsupervised consensus clustering and immune cell infiltration. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:909668. [PMID: 36686655 PMCID: PMC9846563 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.909668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis is one of the most common cause of death in the world. The progress of liver cirrhosis involves health, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer, leading to great challenges in the diagnosis of the disease. Drug targets, which could be obtained conveniently, can help clinicians improve prognosis and treatment. Liver cirrhosis is associated with serum calcium levels. And studies reported Tanshinone IIA plays a therapeutic role in liver injury through activating calcium-dependent apoptosis. In this study, we explored the diagnostic key targets of Tanshinone IIA in liver cirrhosis through exploration of comprehensive dataset including health, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer patients. The unsupervised consensus clustering algorithm identified 3 novel subtypes in which differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between both subtypes were found by pairwise comparison. Then, 4 key drug targets of Tanshinone IIA were determined through the intersection of these DEGs. The diagnostic performance of target genes was assessed and further verified in the external dataset. We found that the 4 key drug targets could be used as effective diagnostic biomarkers. Then the immune scores in the high and low expression groups of target genes were estimated to identify significantly expressed immune cells. In addition, the immune infiltration of high and low target gene expression groups in several immune cells were significantly different. The findings suggest that 4 key drug targets may be a simple and useful diagnostic tool for predicting patients with cirrhosis. We further studied the carcinogenesis role of AKR1C3 and TPX2 in vitro. Both mRNA and protein expression in hepatoma carcinoma cells was detected using qRT-PCR and Western blot. And the knockdown of AKR1C3 and TPX2 significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjia Chi
- Department of Engineering Structure and Mechanics, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Wound Infection and Drug, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Surgical Laboratory, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China,Correspondence: Ting Sun, ; Hua-Ping Liang,
| | - Hua-Ping Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Wound Infection and Drug, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China,Correspondence: Ting Sun, ; Hua-Ping Liang,
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4
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Kawamura E, Matsubara T, Daikoku A, Deguchi S, Kinoshita M, Yuasa H, Urushima H, Odagiri N, Motoyama H, Kotani K, Kozuka R, Hagihara A, Fujii H, Uchida‐Kobayashi S, Tanaka S, Takemura S, Iwaisako K, Enomoto M, Taguchi YH, Tamori A, Kubo S, Ikeda K, Kawada N. Suppression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell growth by SKI via upregulation of the CDK inhibitor p21. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:2122-2135. [PMID: 36114826 PMCID: PMC9714377 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) has a poor prognosis and different driver genes depending on the site of onset. Intrahepatic CC is the second-most common liver cancer after hepatocellular carcinoma, and novel therapeutic targets are urgently needed. The present study was conducted to identify novel therapeutic targets by exploring differentially regulated genes in human CC. MicroRNA (miRNA) and mRNA microarrays were performed using tissue and serum samples obtained from 24 surgically resected hepatobiliary tumor cases, including 10 CC cases. We conducted principal component analysis to identify differentially expressed miRNA, leading to the identification of miRNA-3648 as a differentially expressed miRNA. We used an in silico screening approach to identify its target mRNA, the tumor suppressor Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI). SKI protein expression was decreased in human CC cells overexpressing miRNA-3648, endogenous SKI protein expression was decreased in human CC tumor tissues, and endogenous SKI mRNA expression was suppressed in human CC cells characterized by rapid growth. SKI-overexpressing OZ cells (human intrahepatic CC cells) showed upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 mRNA and protein expression and suppressed cell proliferation. Nuclear expression of CDT1 (chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1), which is required for the G1/S transition, was suppressed in SKI-overexpressing OZ cells. SKI knockdown resulted in the opposite effects. Transgenic p21-luciferase was activated in SKI-overexpressing OZ cells. These data indicate SKI involvement in p21 transcription and that SKI-p21 signaling causes cell cycle arrest in G1, suppressing intrahepatic CC cell growth. Therefore, SKI may be a potential therapeutic target for intrahepatic CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsushi Kawamura
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Tsutomu Matsubara
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Atsuko Daikoku
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Sanae Deguchi
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Masahiko Kinoshita
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Hideto Yuasa
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Hayato Urushima
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Naoshi Odagiri
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Motoyama
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Kohei Kotani
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Ritsuzo Kozuka
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Atsushi Hagihara
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Hideki Fujii
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | | | - Shogo Tanaka
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Shigekazu Takemura
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Keiko Iwaisako
- Department of Medical Life SystemsDoshisha University Graduate School of Life and Medical SciencesKyotoJapan
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | | | - Akihiro Tamori
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Shoji Kubo
- Department of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Kazuo Ikeda
- Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of MedicineOsaka Metropolitan UniversityJapan
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5
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Yu S, Guo L, Yan B, Yuan Q, Shan L, Zhou L, Efferth T. Tanshinol suppresses osteosarcoma by specifically inducing apoptosis of U2-OS cells through p53-mediated mechanism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 292:115214. [PMID: 35331874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (also called Danshen in traditional Chinese medicine) is a famous herbal medicine, which has been frequently used to treat blood stasis syndrome including osteosarcoma (OS) in traditional Chinese medicine. Main components of Danshen have been assumed to exhibit anti-OS capacity. Nevertheless, tanshinol (TS, main component of Danshen)'s efficacy and mechanism in OS hasn't been clearly described ever since. This drew our attention, since OS is the most frequent primary bone carcinomas in children and adolescents, with a high incidence and fatality rate. Unfortunately, chemotherapy for OS has faced many clinical challenges due to the increasing chemoresistance and recurrence. This study was then designed to deeply explore TS's role in OS therapy. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the anti-OS efficacy and mechanism of TS, we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments by using a zebrafish xenograft model and U2-OS cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS CCK-8 assay, DAPI and γ-H2A.X immunofluorescence staining, and flow cytometry (apoptosis verification) were employed to determine the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of TS. qPCR and Western blot were used to examine TS's molecular actions and mechanism on apoptosis of U2-OS cells. RESULTS The in vivo data showed that TS significantly inhibited U2-OS tumor growth in larval zebrafish from 2 to 20 ng/mL. In vitro data indicated that TS exerted significant anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on U2-OS cells in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, TS has no inhibitory effect on bMSCs, suggesting its safety on normal bone-forming cells. Molecular data illustrated that TS obviously activated the p53 signaling-related proteins (p-p53, Bax, CASP3, CASP9) and its upstream JNK (p-JNK, p-c-JUN) and ATM (p-ATM) signaling molecules through phosphorylation and cleavage, followed by up-regulation of the pro-apoptotic genes, NOXA, PUMA, TP53, BAX, and BIM, and down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein. CONCLUSION In sum, TS specifically induced apoptosis of U2-OS cells by activating p53 signaling pathways, indicating TS as a promising candidate for OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Le Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Cell Resource Bank and Integrated Cell Preparation Center of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou Regional Cell Preparation Center (Shangyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd), Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Letian Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Cell Resource Bank and Integrated Cell Preparation Center of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou Regional Cell Preparation Center (Shangyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd), Hangzhou, China.
| | - Li Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Cell Resource Bank and Integrated Cell Preparation Center of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou Regional Cell Preparation Center (Shangyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd), Hangzhou, China.
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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6
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Fang ZY, Zhang M, Liu JN, Zhao X, Zhang YQ, Fang L. Tanshinone IIA: A Review of its Anticancer Effects. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:611087. [PMID: 33597880 PMCID: PMC7883641 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.611087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a pharmacologically lipophilic active constituent isolated from the roots and rhizomes of the Chinese medicinal herb Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen). Tan IIA is currently used in China and other neighboring countries to treat patients with cardiovascular system, diabetes, apoplexy, arthritis, sepsis, and other diseases. Recently, it was reported that tan IIA could have a wide range of antitumor effects on several human tumor cell lines, but the research of the mechanism of tan IIA is relatively scattered in cancer. This review aimed to summarize the recent advances in the anticancer effects of tan IIA and to provide a novel perspective on clinical use of tan IIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ying Fang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China.,School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Jia-Ning Liu
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Yong-Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Fang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China.,School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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7
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Pharmacological basis of tanshinone and new insights into tanshinone as a multitarget natural product for multifaceted diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110599. [PMID: 33236719 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug development has long included the systematic exploration of various resources. Among these, natural products are one of the most important resources from which novel agents are developed due to the multiple pharmacologic effects of these natural products on diseases. Tanshinone, a representative natural product, is the main compound extracted from the dried root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Research on tanshinone began in the early 1930s. With the in-depth investigation of an increasing number of identified analogs, tanshinone has demonstrated a wide variety of bioactivities and contradicted the saying, 'You can't teach an old dog new tricks'. This review is focused on the pharmacological action of tanshinone and status of research on tanshinone in recent years. The mechanism of tanshinone has also drawn much attention, with the findings of representative targets and pathways of tanshinone. The most recent studies have comprehensively shown that tanshinone can be used to treat leukemia and solid carcinoma, protect against cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and alleviate liver- and kidney-related diseases, among its other effects. Multiple signaling pathways, including antiproliferative, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative stress pathways, are involved in its actions.
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Tanshinone IIA contributes to the pathogenesis of endometriosis via renin angiotensin system by regulating the dorsal root ganglion axon sprouting. Life Sci 2020; 240:117085. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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9
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Shi MJ, Dong BS, Yang WN, Su SB, Zhang H. Preventive and therapeutic role of Tanshinone ⅡA in hepatology. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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10
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Sharifi-Rad M, Ozcelik B, Altın G, Daşkaya-Dikmen C, Martorell M, Ramírez-Alarcón K, Alarcón-Zapata P, Morais-Braga MFB, Carneiro JN, Alves Borges Leal AL, Coutinho HDM, Gyawali R, Tahergorabi R, Ibrahim SA, Sahrifi-Rad R, Sharopov F, Salehi B, del Mar Contreras M, Segura-Carretero A, Sen S, Acharya K, Sharifi-Rad J. Salvia spp. plants-from farm to food applications and phytopharmacotherapy. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Krizkova S, Kepinska M, Emri G, Eckschlager T, Stiborova M, Pokorna P, Heger Z, Adam V. An insight into the complex roles of metallothioneins in malignant diseases with emphasis on (sub)isoforms/isoforms and epigenetics phenomena. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 183:90-117. [PMID: 28987322 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) belong to a group of small cysteine-rich proteins that are ubiquitous throughout all kingdoms. The main function of MTs is scavenging of free radicals and detoxification and homeostating of heavy metals. In humans, 16 genes localized on chromosome 16 have been identified to encode four MT isoforms labelled by numbers (MT-1-MT-4). MT-2, MT-3 and MT-4 proteins are encoded by a single gene. MT-1 comprises many (sub)isoforms. The known active MT-1 genes are MT-1A, -1B, -1E, -1F, -1G, -1H, -1M and -1X. The rest of the MT-1 genes (MT-1C, -1D, -1I, -1J and -1L) are pseudogenes. The expression and localization of individual MT (sub)isoforms and pseudogenes vary at intra-cellular level and in individual tissues. Changes in MT expression are associated with the process of carcinogenesis of various types of human malignancies, or with a more aggressive phenotype and therapeutic resistance. Hence, MT (sub)isoform profiling status could be utilized for diagnostics and therapy of tumour diseases. This review aims on a comprehensive summary of methods for analysis of MTs at (sub)isoforms levels, their expression in single tumour diseases and strategies how this knowledge can be utilized in anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Krizkova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Gabriella Emri
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tomas Eckschlager
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, CZ-150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Pokorna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Department of Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, CZ-150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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12
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Tanshinone IIA induced cell death via miR30b-p53-PTPN11/SHP2 signaling pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 796:233-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Abstract
Chemically modified tetracycline 3 (CMT-3) is a potential anticancer drug because of its retained matrix metalloproteinases inhibitory property. In the present study,we showed that CMT-3 significantly inhibited the growth and proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Novel mechanisms including increased intracellular autophagy level and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)release were involved. In addition, a major Danshen ingredient, tanshinone IIA sodium sulfonate (TSN-SS),significantly increased the cytotoxic effects of CMT-3 in HepG2 cells. Combining CMT-3 with TSN-SS led to enhanced accumulation of endogenous LC3-II, but reduced HMGB1 cytoplasmic translocation. Altogether, these findings suggest that autophagy and HMGB1 release may play important roles in the anticancer effect of CMT-3. As an ovel candidate for cancer therapy, CMT-3 may be used in combination with TSN-SS, which possibly facilitates the execution of a death signal (e.g. autophagy) and prevents the survival of an inducer (e.g. HMGB1 cytoplasmic translocation), thus improving its therapeutic effect.
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14
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Su CY, Ming QL, Rahman K, Han T, Qin LP. Salvia miltiorrhiza: Traditional medicinal uses, chemistry, and pharmacology. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 13:163-82. [PMID: 25835361 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(15)30002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SM) is a very popular medicinal plant that has been extensively applied for many years to treat various diseases, especially coronary heart diseases and cerebrovascular diseases, either alone or in combination with other Chinese plant-based medicines. Although a large number of studies on SM have been performed, they are scattered across a variety of publications. The present review is an up-to-date summary of the published scientific information about the traditional uses, chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, side effects, and drug interactions with SM, in order to lay the foundation for further investigations and better utilization of SM. SM contains diverse chemical components including diterpenoid quinones, hydrophilic phenolic acids, and essential oils. Many pharmacological studies have been done on SM during the last 30 years, focusing on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular effects, and the antioxidative, neuroprotective, antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activities. The research results strongly support the notion that SM has beneficial therapeutic properties and has a potential of being an effective adaptogenic remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Su
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qian-Liang Ming
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- Faculty of Science, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Emeny RT, Kasten-Jolly J, Mondal T, Lynes MA, Lawrence DA. Metallothionein differentially affects the host response to Listeria infection both with and without an additional stress from cold-restraint. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:1013-22. [PMID: 26267326 PMCID: PMC4595426 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute stress alters anti-bacterial defenses, but the neuroimmunological mechanisms underlying this association are not yet well understood. Metallothionein (MT), a cysteine-rich protein, is a stress response protein that is induced by a variety of chemical, biological, and psychological stressors, and MT has been shown to influence immune activities. We investigated MT's role in the management of anti-bacterial responses that occur during stress, using a C57BL/6 (B6) strain that has targeted disruptions of the Mt1 and Mt2 genes (B6-MTKO), and a B6 strain that has additional copies of Mt (B6-MTTGN). The well-characterized listeriosis model was used to examine immune mechanisms that are altered by a 1-h stress treatment (cold-restraint, CR) administered just prior to bacterial infection. Intriguingly, MT gene doses both greater and lower than that of wild-type (WT) B6 mice were associated with improved host defenses against Listeria monocytogenes (LM). This augmented protection was diminished by CR stress in the MTKO mice, but transgenic mice with additional MT copies had no CR stress-induced increase in their listerial burden. During the transition from innate to adaptive immunity, on day 3 after infection, oxidative burst and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometric methods, and cytokine transcription was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. MT gene expression and CR-stress affected the expression of IL-6 and TNFα. Additionally, these genetic and environmental modulations altered the generation of ROS responses as well as the number of apoptotic cells in livers and spleens. Although the level of MT altered the listerial response, MT expression was equally elevated by listerial infection with or without CR stress. These results indicate the ability of MT to regulate immune response mechanisms and demonstrate that increased amounts of MT can eliminate the immunosuppression induced by CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca T Emeny
- Laboratory of Immunology, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 150 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY, 12201, USA
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, GmbH, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jane Kasten-Jolly
- Laboratory of Immunology, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 150 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY, 12201, USA
| | - Tapan Mondal
- Laboratory of Immunology, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 150 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY, 12201, USA
| | - Michael A Lynes
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - David A Lawrence
- Laboratory of Immunology, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 150 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY, 12201, USA.
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Qian K, Xu H, Dai T, Shi K. Effects of Tanshinone IIA on osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2015; 388:1201-9. [PMID: 26231349 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (TSA) is a lipophilic diterpene purified from the Chinese herb Danshen, which exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Effect of TSA remains largely uninvestigated on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), which are widely used in cell-based therapy of bone diseases. In the present study, both ALP activity at day 7 and calcium content at day 24 were upregulated during the osteogenesis of mouse BM-MSCs treated with TSA (1 and 5 μM), demonstrating that it promoted the osteogenesis at both early and late stages. We found that TSA promoted osteogenesis and inhibited osteoclastogenesis, evident by RT-PCR analysis of osteogenic marker gene expressions. However, osteogenesis was inhibited by TSA at 20 μM. We further revealed that TSA (1 and 5 μM) upregulated BMP and Wnt signaling. Co-treatment with Wnt inhibitor DKK-1 or BMP inhibitor noggin significantly decreased the TSA-promoted osteogenesis, indicating that upregulation of BMP and Wnt signaling plays a significant role and contributes to the TSA-promoted osteogenesis. Of clinical interest, our study suggests TSA as a promising therapeutic strategy during implantation of BM-MSCs for a more effective treatment of bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejun Qian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, 68 Zhongshan Road, Wuxi, 214001, China
| | - Huazhong Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, 68 Zhongshan Road, Wuxi, 214001, China
| | - Teng Dai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, 68 Zhongshan Road, Wuxi, 214001, China
| | - Keqing Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, 68 Zhongshan Road, Wuxi, 214001, China.
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Wang X, Wang N, Cheung F, Lao L, Li C, Feng Y. Chinese medicines for prevention and treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma: current progress on pharmacological actions and mechanisms. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2015; 13:142-64. [PMID: 26006028 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(15)60171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of leading causes of death in the world. Although various treatments have been developed, the therapeutic side effects are far from desirable. Chinese medicines (CMs, including plants, animal parts and minerals) have drawn a great deal of attention in recent years for their potential in the treatment of HCC. Most studies have shown that CMs may be able to retard HCC progression with multiple actions, either alone or in combination with other conventional therapies to improve quality of life in HCC patients. Additionally, CMs are used for preventing HCC occurrence. The aim of this study is to review the potential prophylactic and curative effects of CMs on human HCC and the possible mechanisms that underlie these pharmacological actions. Publications were collected and reviewed from PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from 2000 to 2014. Keywords for literature searches include "Chinese medicine", "Chinese herb", "traditional Chinese Medicine", "hepatocellular carcinoma" and "liver cancer". CMs in forms of pure compounds, isolated fractions, and composite formulas are included. Combination therapies are also considered. Both in vitro and in vivo efficacies of CMs are being discussed and the translational potential to bedside is to be discussed with clinical cases, which show the actions of CMs on HCC may include tumor growth inhibition, antimetastatic activities, anti-inflammation, anti-liver cancer stem cells, reversal on multi-drug resistance and induction/reduction of oxidative stress. Multiple types of molecules are found to contribute in the above actions. The review paper indicated that CMs might have potential to both prevent HCC occurrence and retard HCC progression with several molecular targets involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanbin Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fan Cheung
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lixing Lao
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Charlie Li
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA 94804, USA
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Tanshinone IIA attenuates the cerebral ischemic injury-induced increase in levels of GFAP and of caspases-3 and -8. Neuroscience 2015; 288:105-11. [PMID: 25575944 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (TSA) is a lipid soluble agent derived from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen). This plant is a traditional Chinese herb, which has been used widely in China especially for enhancing circulation. However mechanisms underlying its efficacy remain poorly understood. The present study was designed to illuminate events that may underlie the apparently neuroprotective effects of TSA following ischemic insult. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia by use of a middle cerebral artery occlusion model. They were then randomly divided into a sham-operated control group, and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion groups receiving a two-hour occlusion. Further subsets of groups received the same durations of occlusion or were sham-operated but then received daily i.p. injections of high or low doses of TSA, for seven or 15days. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed lesions in the entorhinal cortex of both rats subject to ischemia and to a lesser extent to those receiving TSA after surgery. Levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), caspase-3 and caspase-8, were quantified by both immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. TSA treatment after middle cerebral artery occlusion, markedly reduced infarct size, and reduced the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-8. These changes were considered protective and were generally proportional to the dose of TSA used. These results suggest that TSA may effect neuroprotection by way of reduction of the extent of cell inflammation and death within affected regions.
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Akaberi M, Mehri S, Iranshahi M. Multiple pro-apoptotic targets of abietane diterpenoids from Salvia species. Fitoterapia 2015; 100:118-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Kai G, Hao X, Cui L, Ni X, Zekria D, Wu JY. WITHDRAWN: Metabolic engineering and biotechnological approaches for production of bioactive diterpene tanshinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Biotechnol Adv 2014:S0734-9750(14)00150-5. [PMID: 25305517 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China.
| | - Xiaolong Hao
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Lijie Cui
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - David Zekria
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian-Yong Wu
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology in Shenzhen, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Yang L, Guo H, Dong L, Wang L, Liu C, Wang X. Tanshinone IIA inhibits the growth, attenuates the stemness and induces the apoptosis of human glioma stem cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:1303-11. [PMID: 24970314 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are believed to contribute to glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) propagation and treatment resistance. Tanshinone IIA possesses anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. This study aimed to determine the inhibitory effect of tanshinone IIA on human GSCs in vitro and in vivo and to explore the underlying mechanisms. In the present study, human GBM neurospheres (GBMS) were isolated from adherent GBM cells in serum-free medium, and the cells from the GBMS displayed characteristics of GSCs. Results from the MTT, neurosphere formation and in vivo inhibition assays revealed that tanshinone IIA had a significant inhibitory effect on human GSCs in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, tanshinone IIA increased the expression of differentiation and neural lineage markers including GFAP and β-tubulin, decreased expression of GSC markers including CD133 and nestin, and induced GSC apoptosis in vitro and in vivo in a dose‑dependent manner. Inflammatory cytokines and signaling pathways are believed to play key roles in maintaining the stem-like properties in human glioma cells. In the present study, inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL6) and its downstream activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 [phospho-STAT3(tyrosine705) and phospho-STAT3(serine727)] were downregulated after tanshinone IIA treatment in vitro and in vivo. This result indicated that disturbance of the IL6/STAT3 signaling axis by tanshinone IIA is closely related to the growth inhibition of GSCs. Taken together, our results indicate that tanshinone IIA has the potential to target and kill GSCs through suppression of proliferation, attenuation of stemness and induction of apoptosis. Its mechanism of activity may be associated with attenuation of the IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqi Yang
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Huijie Guo
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Dong
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chunlan Liu
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiujie Wang
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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22
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ZHANG JIAN, WANG JU, JIANG JIUYANG, LIU SHANGDIAN, FU KAI, LIU HONGYU. Tanshinone IIA induces cytochrome c-mediated caspase cascade apoptosis in A549 human lung cancer cells via the JNK pathway. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:683-90. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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23
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Wang Y, Costanza F, Wu H, Song D, Cai J, Li Q. PEG–poly(amino acid)s-encapsulated tanshinone IIA as potential therapeutics for the treatment of hepatoma. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:3115-3122. [PMID: 32261687 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00041b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PEG–poly(amino acid)s are used as a novel drug carrier for the treatment of hepatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology
- Shuguang Hospital
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai, China
- Tumor Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | | | - Haifan Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Florida
- Tampa, USA
| | - Daqian Song
- Department of Medical Oncology
- Shuguang Hospital
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry
- University of South Florida
- Tampa, USA
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology
- Shuguang Hospital
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Shanghai, China
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Hu Y, Wang S, Wu X, Zhang J, Chen R, Chen M, Wang Y. Chinese herbal medicine-derived compounds for cancer therapy: a focus on hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 149:601-12. [PMID: 23916858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as the major histological subtype of primary liver cancer remains one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Due to the complicated molecular pathogenesis of HCC, the option for effective systemic treatment is quite limited. There exists a critical need to explore and evaluate possible alternative strategies for effective control of HCC. With a long history of clinical use, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is emerging as a noticeable choice for its multi-level, multi-target and coordinated intervention effects against HCC. With the aids of phytochemistry and molecular biological approaches, in the past decades many CHM-derived compounds have been carefully studied through both preclinical and clinical researches and have shown great potential in novel anti-HCC natural product development. The present review aimed at providing the most recent developments on anti-HCC compounds derived from CHM, especially their underlying pharmacological mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search of anti-HCC compounds from CHM was carried out focusing on literatures published both in English (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Medline) and in Chinese academic databases (Wanfang and CNKI database). RESULTS In this review, we tried to give a timely and comprehensive update about the anti-HCC effects and targets of several representative CHM-derived compounds, namely curcumin, resveratrol, silibinin, berberine, quercetin, tanshinone II-A and celastrol. Their mechanisms of anti-HCC behaviors, potential side effects or toxicity and future research directions were discussed. CONCLUSION Herbal compounds derived from CHM are of much significance in devising new drugs and providing unique ideas for the war against HCC. We propose that these breakthrough findings may have important implications for targeted-HCC therapy and modernization of CHM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
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Chen X, Guo J, Bao J, Lu J, Wang Y. The anticancer properties of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen): a systematic review. Med Res Rev 2013; 34:768-94. [PMID: 24123144 DOI: 10.1002/med.21304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen in Chinese) is a classical Huoxue Huayu (a traditional Chinese medical term means promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis) herb with 1000 years of clinical application. It mainly contains two groups of ingredients: the hydrophilic phenolic acids and the lipophilic tanshinones. Both groups have demonstrated multiple bioactivities, such as antioxidative stress, antiplatelet aggregation, anti-inflammation, among others. Recent data have demonstrated that its lipophilic compounds, especially the tanshinones, show potent anticancer activities both in vitro and in vivo. The anticancer effects of the hydrophilic phenolic acids have also been reported. Furthermore, tanshinones provide structural skeletons for chemical modifications, allowing for a series of derivatives of interests. This review provides a systematic summary of the anticancer profile and the underlying mechanisms of the bioactive compounds isolated from Danshen with special emphasis on tanshinones, aiming to bring new insights for further research and development of this ancient herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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Zhou LH, Hu Q, Sui H, Ci SJ, Wang Y, Liu X, Liu NN, Yin PH, Qin JM, Li Q. Tanshinone II--a inhibits angiogenesis through down regulation of COX-2 in human colorectal cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:4453-8. [PMID: 23167360 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.9.4453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a significant role in colorectal cancer (CRC) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) appears to be involved with multiple aspects of CRC angiogenesis. Our aim was to investigate the inhibitory effects of Tan II-A (Tanshinone II-A, Tan II-A) on tumor growth in mice, as well as alteration of expression of COX-2 and VEGF in CRC. We established the mice xenograft model of C26 CRC cell line, and injected 0.5, 1, 2mg/kg of Tan II-A and 1mg/kg of 5-FU in respectively in vivo. Then, we assayed tumor weight and volume, and evaluated microvascular density and expression of VEGF. COX-2 promoter and COX-2 plasmids were transfected into HCT-116 cells, followed by detection of COX-2 promoter activity by chemiluminescence, and detection of COX-2 mRNA expression by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Taken together, the results showed Tan II-A could inhibit tumor growth and suppress the VEGF level in vivo. HCT-116 cell experiments showed marked inhibitory effects of Tan II-A on COX-2 and VEGF in a dose-dependent manner. The results indicate that Tan II-A can effectively inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis of human colorectal cancer via inhibiting the expression level of COX-2 and VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hong Zhou
- Clinic Oncology, Putuo Hospital and Cancer Institute, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
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Luo Y, Xu DQ, Dong HY, Zhang B, Liu Y, Niu W, Dong MQ, Li ZC. Tanshinone IIA inhibits hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation via Akt/Skp2/p27-associated pathway. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56774. [PMID: 23437233 PMCID: PMC3578942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that tanshinone IIA ameliorated the hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) partially by attenuating pulmonary artery remodeling. The hypoxia-induced proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is one of the major causes for pulmonary arterial remodeling, therefore the present study was performed to explore the effects and underlying mechanism of tanshinone IIA on the hypoxia-induced PASMCs proliferation. PASMCs were isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rats and cultured in normoxic (21%) or hypoxic (3%) condition. Cell proliferation was measured with 3 - (4, 5 - dimethylthiazal - 2 - yl) - 2, 5 - diphenyltetrazoliumbromide assay and cell counting. Cell cycle was measured with flow cytometry. The expression of of p27, Skp-2 and the phosphorylation of Akt were measured using western blot and/or RT-PCR respectively. The results showed that tanshinone IIA significantly inhibited the hypoxia-induced PASMCs proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner and arrested the cells in G1/G0-phase. Tanshinone IIA reversed the hypoxia-induced reduction of p27 protein, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, in PASMCs by slowing down its degradation. Knockdown of p27 with specific siRNA abolished the anti-proliferation of tanshinone IIA. Moreover, tanshinone IIA inhibited the hypoxia-induced increase of S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) and the phosphorylation of Akt, both of which are involved in the degradation of p27 protein. In vivo tanshinone IIA significantly upregulated the hypoxia-induced p27 protein reduction and downregulated the hypoxia-induced Skp2 increase in pulmonary arteries in HPH rats. Therefore, we propose that the inhibition of tanshinone IIA on hypoxia-induce PASMCs proliferation may be due to arresting the cells in G1/G0-phase by slowing down the hypoxia-induced degradation of p27 via Akt/Skp2-associated pathway. The novel information partially explained the anti-remodeling property of tanshinone IIA on pulmonary artery in HPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xìan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dun-Quan Xu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xìan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ying Dong
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xìan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xìan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xìan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Niu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xìan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-Qing Dong
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xìan, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (ZCL); (MQD)
| | - Zhi-Chao Li
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xìan, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (ZCL); (MQD)
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Huang M, Lu JJ, Huang MQ, Bao JL, Chen XP, Wang YT. Terpenoids: natural products for cancer therapy. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2012; 21:1801-18. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2012.727395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
Tanshinones are a class of abietane diterpene compound isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen or Tanshen in Chinese), a well-known herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Since they were first identified in the 1930s, more than 40 lipophilic tanshinones and structurally related compounds have been isolated from Danshen. In recent decades, numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the isolation, identification, synthesis and pharmacology of tanshinones. In addition to the well-studied cardiovascular activities, tanshinones have been investigated more recently for their anti-cancer activities in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we update the herbal and alternative sources of tanshinones, and the pharmacokinetics of selected tanshinones. We discuss anti-cancer properties and identify critical issues for future research. Whereas previous studies have suggested anti-cancer potential of tanshinones affecting multiple cellular processes and molecular targets in cell culture models, data from in vivo potency assessment experiments in preclinical models vary greatly due to lack of uniformity of solvent vehicles and routes of administration. Chemical modifications and novel formulations had been made to address the poor oral bioavailability of tanshinones. So far, human clinical trials have been far from ideal in their design and execution for the purpose of supporting an anti-cancer indication of tanshinones.
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Neuroprotective effects of tanshinone IIA and/or tetramethylpyrazine in cerebral ischemic injury in vivo and in vitro. Brain Res 2012; 1488:81-91. [PMID: 23063715 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study compared the potential neuroprotective effects of tanshinone (Tan) IIA monotherapy, tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) monotherapy, and Tan IIA+TMP combination therapy in adult rat subjected to cerebral ischemic injury using the permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and in primary cortical neuron culture exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model. Male Sprague Dawley rats (n=84) were randomly divided into sham-operated, MCAO, cmc-Na (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), TMP, Tan IIA+TMP, and Tan IIA groups. In agreement with the in vivo experiment, primary cortical neuron culture was prepared from one-day-old SD rats and grouped according to exposure: normoxia control (NC), OGD, dimethyl sulfoxide, TMP, Tan IIA+TMP, and Tan IIA groups. The neurological deficits and infarct volume were evaluated at 24h after the MCAO models. Oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase) and intracellular [Ca(2+)](i) concentration were measured through spectrophotometric analysis. Neurocyte apoptosis and viability were respectively evaluated through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, respectively. Apoptosis factors (Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and trmp-7) were analyzed using western blot and immunohistochemistry. The results suggest that Tan IIA+TMP combination therapy was more effective than TMP monotherapy but not Tan IIA monotherapy. Tan IIA monotherapy is more effective than TMP monotherapy in protecting the neuron against hypoxia/ischemia both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, Tan IIA significantly increased the phosphorylation of AKT in primary cortical neuronal culture exposed to OGD, which was abolished by PI3K inhibitor LY294002. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may be involved in the neuroprotective mechanism of Tan IIA on primary cortical neurons.
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