1
|
Lv M, Zhi Y, Zhou L, Qiao Z, Di B, Liu W, Chen H. Development of new matrix reference materials for quantitative urine analysis in drug tests. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1427-1441. [PMID: 38270632 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Accurate quantitative analyses require standardized methods to control and improve the analytical process in the laboratory. The availability of urine reference materials (RMs) may offer a feasible option to improve the accuracy of urine analysis and to control matrix effects. This paper presents the complete process of the development of matrix RMs in urine, including sample preparation, homogeneity, and stability studies, as well as uncertainty assessment. A freeze-drying process was developed, and freeze-dried human and pig urine samples were prepared and verified to have comparable homogeneity to liquid samples and higher stability than liquid human, pig, and artificial urine samples at 4℃ or room temperature and under extreme conditions. A total of 21 authentic urine samples from August 2022 were measured with freeze-dried RMs and spiked urine samples, and the reliability of the quantification of the RMs was compared. The freeze-dried human urine matrix RM appeared to be an excellent tool for daily quality control, as it showed high stability and gave the most consistent results with spiked samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Lv
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200063, China
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639, Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Yujie Zhi
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200063, China
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639, Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Liying Zhou
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Zheng Qiao
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Bin Di
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639, Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, No. 1347, Guangfu West Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200063, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Arab JP, Addolorato G, Mathurin P, Thursz MR. Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Integrated Management With Alcohol Use Disorder. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 21:2124-2134. [PMID: 36858144 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is the most common cause of cirrhosis and liver-related mortality in many regions worldwide. Around 75% of patients with cirrhosis are unaware of their disease until they are referred to the emergency department. An innovative, noninvasive screening approach is required for an earlier diagnosis of liver fibrosis. In patients with ALD the physician is inevitably dealing with 2 major disorders: the liver disease itself and the alcohol use disorder (AUD). Focus only on the liver disease will inevitably lead to failure because transient improvements in liver function are rapidly overturned if the patient returns to alcohol consumption. For this reason, integrated models of care provided by hepatologists and addiction specialists are an effective approach, which are, however, not widely available. There are multiple pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies for AUD. Progress has recently been made in the management of patients with severe AH who have improved survival through better understanding of the concept of response to medical treatment, improved survival prediction, and the advent of early liver transplantation. The emerging concept is that listing for transplantation a patient with severe ALD could lead to adjusting the duration of abstinence according to the severity and evolution of liver dysfunction and the patient's addictive profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Arab
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University & London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Departamento de Gastroenterología, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Giovanni Addolorato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Philippe Mathurin
- Service des maladies de l'appareil digestif, Hôpital Huriez, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mark R Thursz
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim DH, Jeong Y, Belova L, Roggeman M, Fernández SF, Poma G, Remy S, Verheyen VJ, Schoeters G, van Nuijs ALN, Covaci A. Comprehensive investigation of persistent and mobile chemicals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in urine of flemish adolescents using a suspect screening approach. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 312:119972. [PMID: 35988679 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Persistent and mobile chemicals (PMs) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are groups of chemicals that have received recent global attention due to their potential health effects on the environment and humans. In this study, exposure to a broad range of PMs and PFAS was investigated in Flemish adolescents' urine samples (n = 83) using a suspect screening approach. For this purpose, three sample preparation methods were evaluated, and a basic liquid-liquid extraction was optimized for urine analysis based on the extraction efficiency of PMs (53-80%) and PFAS (>70%). In total, 9 PMs were identified in urine samples at confidence levels (CL) 1-3 and, among them, acetaminophen, 4-aminophenol, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone, trifluoroacetic acid (TFAA), sulisobenzone, ethyl sulfate, and 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one 1,1-dioxide were confirmed at CL 1 and 2. In addition, the detection and identification of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone, 4-aminophenol, TFAA, and m-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)-N,N-bis(2,3-epoxypropyl) aniline (CL 3), has been reported for the first time in human urine in this study. For PFAS, only 2 compounds were identified at CL 4, implying that urine is not a suitable matrix for suspect screening of such compounds. A significant difference between sexes was observed in the detection rate of identified PMs, in particular for acetaminophen, 4-aminophenol, and sulisobenzone. The findings of this study can be used in future human biomonitoring programs, such as by including the newly identified compounds in quantitative methods or monitoring in other human matrices (e.g., serum).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hye Kim
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Yunsun Jeong
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lidia Belova
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Maarten Roggeman
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sandra F Fernández
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain
| | - Giulia Poma
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Remy
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Veerle J Verheyen
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Greet Schoeters
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Alexander L N van Nuijs
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nusair SD, Ananbeh M, Zayed A, Ahmad MI, Qinna NA. Postmortem sampling time effect on toxicity biomarkers in rats exposed to an acute lethal methomyl dose. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:1674-1680. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
|