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Liu Z, Xu K, Pan S, Zhang N, Wang D, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Wang S, Li J, Tong X. Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance assessment of changes in hippocampal neural function after the treatment of radiation-induced brain injury with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Brain Res Bull 2023; 204:110795. [PMID: 37863438 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in treating radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) is not completely understood, and assessment methods to directly characterize neurological function are lacking. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of BMSCs treatment on changes in hippocampal neural function in Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats with RIBI, and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of BMSCs by manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI). First, we assessed cognitive function after RIBI treatment with BMSCs using the Morris water maze. Next, we used MEMRI at two time points to observe the treatment effect and explore the correlation between MEMRI and cognitive function. Finally, we evaluated the expression of specific hippocampal neurofunctional proteins, the ultrastructure of hippocampal nerves, and the histological changes in the hippocampus. After BMSCs treatment of RIBI, cognitive dysfunction improved significantly, the expression of hippocampal neurofunctional proteins was increased, the integrity of the hippocampal neural structure was protected, and nerve cell survival was enhanced. The improvement in neurological function was successfully detected by MEMRI, and MEMRI was highly correlated with cognitive function and histological changes. These results suggest that BMSCs treatment of RIBI is an optional modality, and MEMRI can be used for treatment evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhong Liu
- College of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Kaina Xu
- College of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Shichao Pan
- College of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Dapeng Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yaru Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Xu Tong
- Department of Radiotherapy, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China.
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Droguerre M, Tsurugizawa T, Duchêne A, Portal B, Guiard BP, Déglon N, Rouach N, Hamon M, Mouthon F, Ciobanu L, Charvériat M. A New Tool for In Vivo Study of Astrocyte Connexin 43 in Brain. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18292. [PMID: 31797899 PMCID: PMC6892890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54858-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are glial cells organized in dynamic and structured networks in the brain. These plastic networks, involving key proteins such as connexin 43 (Cx43), are engaged in fine neuronal tuning and have recently been considered as emerging therapeutic targets in central nervous system disorders. We developed and validated a new application of the manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) technique allowing in vivo investigations of astrocyte-neuron interactions through quantification of brain Cx43 functional activity. The proof of concept has been achieved by quantification of MEMRI signals in brain after either local astrocyte-specific Cx43 knockdown with shRNA or systemic administration of Cx43 blockers. Unilateral hippocampal Cx43 genetical silencing was associated with an ipsilateral local increase of MEMRI signal. Furthermore, Cx43 blockers also enhanced MEMRI signal responses in hippocampus. Altogether, these data reveal the MEMRI technique as a tool for quantitative imaging of in vivo Cx43-dependent function in astrocytes under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Benjamin Portal
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31330, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno P Guiard
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31330, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicole Déglon
- Laboratory of Neurotherapies and NeuroModulation, Neuroscience research Center (CRN), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Neurotherapies and NeuroModulation, Department of Clinical Neuroscience (DNC), Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Rouach
- Laboratory of Neuroglial Interactions in Cerebral Physiopathology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, CNRS UMR 7241, INSERM U1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Michel Hamon
- Theranexus, 60 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008, Lyon, France
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Deng W, Faiq MA, Liu C, Adi V, Chan KC. Applications of Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Ophthalmology and Visual Neuroscience. Front Neural Circuits 2019; 13:35. [PMID: 31156399 PMCID: PMC6530364 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2019.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of vision in health and disease requires knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the eye and the neural pathways relevant to visual perception. As such, development of imaging techniques for the visual system is crucial for unveiling the neural basis of visual function or impairment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers non-invasive probing of the structure and function of the neural circuits without depth limitation, and can help identify abnormalities in brain tissues in vivo. Among the advanced MRI techniques, manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) involves the use of active manganese contrast agents that positively enhance brain tissue signals in T1-weighted imaging with respect to the levels of connectivity and activity. Depending on the routes of administration, accumulation of manganese ions in the eye and the visual pathways can be attributed to systemic distribution or their local transport across axons in an anterograde fashion, entering the neurons through voltage-gated calcium channels. The use of the paramagnetic manganese contrast in MRI has a wide range of applications in the visual system from imaging neurodevelopment to assessing and monitoring neurodegeneration, neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, and neuroregeneration. In this review, we present four major domains of scientific inquiry where MEMRI can be put to imperative use — deciphering neuroarchitecture, tracing neuronal tracts, detecting neuronal activity, and identifying or differentiating glial activity. We deliberate upon each category studies that have successfully employed MEMRI to examine the visual system, including the delivery protocols, spatiotemporal characteristics, and biophysical interpretation. Based on this literature, we have identified some critical challenges in the field in terms of toxicity, and sensitivity and specificity of manganese enhancement. We also discuss the pitfalls and alternatives of MEMRI which will provide new avenues to explore in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Deng
- NYU Langone Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Muneeb A Faiq
- NYU Langone Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Crystal Liu
- NYU Langone Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Vishnu Adi
- NYU Langone Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kevin C Chan
- NYU Langone Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States.,Center for Neural Science, Faculty of Arts and Science, New York University, New York, NY, United States
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4
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Imaging biomarkers of epileptogenecity after traumatic brain injury - Preclinical frontiers. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 123:75-85. [PMID: 30321600 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a major neurodegenerative disease accounting for 20% of symptomatic epilepsy cases. A long latent phase offers a potential window for prophylactic treatment strategies to prevent epilepsy onset, provided that the patients at risk can be identified. Some promising imaging biomarker candidates for posttraumatic epileptogenesis have been identified, but more are required to provide the specificity and sensitivity for accurate prediction. Experimental models and preclinical longitudinal, multimodal imaging studies allow follow-up of complex cascade of events initiated by traumatic brain injury, as well as monitoring of treatment effects. Preclinical imaging data from the posttraumatic brain are rich in information, yet examination of their specific relevance to epilepsy is lacking. Accumulating evidence from ongoing preclinical studies in TBI support insight into processes involved in epileptogenesis, e.g. inflammation and changes in functional and structural brain-wide connectivity. These efforts are likely to produce both new biomarkers and treatment targets for PTE.
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Langley MR, Ghaisas S, Ay M, Luo J, Palanisamy BN, Jin H, Anantharam V, Kanthasamy A, Kanthasamy AG. Manganese exposure exacerbates progressive motor deficits and neurodegeneration in the MitoPark mouse model of Parkinson's disease: Relevance to gene and environment interactions in metal neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicology 2018; 64:240-255. [PMID: 28595911 PMCID: PMC5736468 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is now recognized as a neurodegenerative condition caused by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental influences. Chronic manganese (Mn) exposure has been implicated in the development of PD. Since mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with PD pathology as well as Mn neurotoxicity, we investigated whether Mn exposure augments mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system using a newly available mitochondrially defective transgenic mouse model of PD, the MitoPark mouse. This unique PD model recapitulates key features of the disease including progressive neurobehavioral changes and neuronal degeneration. We exposed MitoPark mice to a low dose of Mn (10mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 4 weeks starting at age 8 wks and then determined the behavioral, neurochemical and histological changes. Mn exposure accelerated the rate of progression of motor deficits in MitoPark mice when compared to the untreated MitoPark group. Mn also worsened olfactory function in this model. Most importantly, Mn exposure intensified the depletion of striatal dopamine and nigral TH neuronal loss in MitoPark mice. The neurodegenerative changes were accompanied by enhanced oxidative damage in the striatum and substantia nigra (SN) of MitoPark mice treated with Mn. Furthermore, Mn-treated MitoPark mice had significantly more oligomeric protein and IBA-1-immunoreactive microglia cells, suggesting Mn augments neuroinflammatory processes in the nigrostriatal pathway. To further confirm the direct effect of Mn on impaired mitochondrial function, we also generated a mitochondrially defective dopaminergic cell model by knocking out the TFAM transcription factor by using a CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing method. Seahorse mitochondrial bioenergetic analysis revealed that Mn decreases mitochondrial basal and ATP-linked respiration in the TFAM KO cells. Collectively, our results reveal that Mn can augment mitochondrial dysfunction to exacerbate nigrostriatal neurodegeneration and PD-related behavioral symptoms. Our study also demonstrates that the MitoPark mouse is an excellent model to study the gene-environment interactions associated with mitochondrial defects in the nigral dopaminergic system as well as to evaluate the contribution of potential environmental toxicant interactions in a slowly progressive model of Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica R Langley
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Shivani Ghaisas
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Muhammet Ay
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Jie Luo
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Bharathi N Palanisamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Huajun Jin
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Vellareddy Anantharam
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Arthi Kanthasamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Anumantha G Kanthasamy
- Parkinson Disorders Research Program, Iowa Center for Advanced Neurotoxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States.
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Bonasera SJ, Arikkath J, Boska MD, Chaudoin TR, DeKorver NW, Goulding EH, Hoke TA, Mojtahedzedah V, Reyelts CD, Sajja B, Schenk AK, Tecott LH, Volden TA. Age-related changes in cerebellar and hypothalamic function accompany non-microglial immune gene expression, altered synapse organization, and excitatory amino acid neurotransmission deficits. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:2153-2181. [PMID: 27689748 PMCID: PMC5076456 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We describe age-related molecular and neuronal changes that disrupt mobility or energy balance based on brain region and genetic background. Compared to young mice, aged C57BL/6 mice exhibit marked locomotor (but not energy balance) impairments. In contrast, aged BALB mice exhibit marked energy balance (but not locomotor) impairments. Age-related changes in cerebellar or hypothalamic gene expression accompany these phenotypes. Aging evokes upregulation of immune pattern recognition receptors and cell adhesion molecules. However, these changes do not localize to microglia, the major CNS immunocyte. Consistent with a neuronal role, there is a marked age-related increase in excitatory synapses over the cerebellum and hypothalamus. Functional imaging of these regions is consistent with age-related synaptic impairments. These studies suggest that aging reactivates a developmental program employed during embryogenesis where immune molecules guide synapse formation and pruning. Renewed activity in this program may disrupt excitatory neurotransmission, causing significant behavioral deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Bonasera
- Division of Geriatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Durham Research Center II, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jyothi Arikkath
- Monroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Durham Research Center II, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Michael D Boska
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Tammy R Chaudoin
- Division of Geriatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Durham Research Center II, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Nicholas W DeKorver
- Division of Geriatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Durham Research Center II, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Evan H Goulding
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Traci A Hoke
- Division of Geriatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Durham Research Center II, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | | | - Crystal D Reyelts
- Division of Geriatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Durham Research Center II, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Balasrinivasa Sajja
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - A Katrin Schenk
- Department of Physics, Randolph College, Lynchburg, VA 24503, USA
| | - Laurence H Tecott
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Tiffany A Volden
- Division of Geriatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Durham Research Center II, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Ussov WY, Belyanin ML, Bezlepkin AI, Borodin OY, Bobrikova EE, Shimanovskii NL. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Brain Involvement in Dogs Using Paramagnetic Contrast Enhancement with Mn(II)-DCTA P. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 161:715-718. [PMID: 27704350 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Experimental study of a new paramagnetic complex Mn-DCTA is carried out. The complex (0.5 M manganese(II) solution with trans-1,2-diamine cyclohexane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid; Cyclomang) was used for contrast magnetic resonance imaging visualization of CNS involvement in dogs with severe forms of Babesia canis infection. CNS injuries were visualized in all cases, with highly intense contrasting at the expense of Mn-DCTA accumulation at the periphery of the damaged zone. Quantitative evaluation of the paramagnetic accumulation in the focus showed that the amplification index wa s 1.19±0.11 for the central areas and 1.47±0.17 for the peripheral ones. The pituitary (1.18±0.05) and vascular plexuses of the lateral ventricles (1.12±0.09) were also contrasted. Injection of the paramagnetic to dogs was not associated with any kinds of pathological or physiological reactions. Mn-DCTA complex allowed contrast visualization of the focal injuries to the CNS and could be regarded as a paramagnetic contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging of brain injuries in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Yu Ussov
- Research Institute of Cardiology, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - N L Shimanovskii
- N. I. Pirogov Russian Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
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Olson KE, Bade AN, Schutt CR, Dong J, Shandler SJ, Boska MD, Mosley RL, Gendelman HE, Liu Y. Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Detection of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptor 2 Agonist Therapy in a Model of Parkinson's Disease. Neurotherapeutics 2016; 13:635-46. [PMID: 27329163 PMCID: PMC4965412 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-016-0449-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroprotective immunity is defined by transformation of T-cell polarity for therapeutic gain. For neurodegenerative disorders and specifically for Parkinson's disease (PD), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor or vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VIPR2) agonists elicit robust anti-inflammatory microglial responses leading to neuronal sparing in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-intoxicated mice. While neurotherapeutic potential was demonstrated for PD, there remain inherent limitations in translating these inventions from the laboratory to patients. One obstacle in translating such novel neurotherapeutics centers on the availability of suitable noninvasive methods to track disease progression and therapeutic efficacy. To this end, we developed manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) assays as a way to track a linkage between glial activation and VIPR2 agonist (LBT-3627)-induced neuroprotective immunity for MPTP-induced nigrostriatal degeneration. Notably, LBT-3627-treated, MPTP-intoxicated mice show reduced MEMRI brain signal intensities. These changes paralleled reduced astrogliosis and resulted in sparing of nigral tyrosine hydroxylase neurons. Most importantly, the data suggest that MEMRI can be developed as a biomarker tool to monitor neurotherapeutic responses that are relevant to common neurodegenerative disorders used to improve disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Olson
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Aditya N Bade
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Charles R Schutt
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jingdong Dong
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Michael D Boska
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - R Lee Mosley
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Yutong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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9
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Hao XZ, Yin LK, Zhang XX, Tian JQ, Li CC, Feng XY, Jiang M, Yang YM. Combining systemic and stereotactic MEMRI to detect the correlation between gliosis and neuronal connective pathway at the chronic stage after stroke. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:156. [PMID: 27316350 PMCID: PMC4912752 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early dysfunction and subsequent recovery after stroke, characterized by the destruction and remodeling of connective pathways between cortex and subcortical regions, is associated with neuroinflammation. As major components of the inflammatory process, reactive astrocytes have double-edged effects on pathological progression. The temporal patterns of astrocyte and neuronal pathway activity can be revealed by systemic and stereotactic manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI), respectively. In the present study, we aimed to detect an association between astrocyte activity and recovery of neuronal connective pathways by combining systemic with stereotactic MEMRI. METHODS Fifty adult rats, divided into two groups, underwent a 60-min occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The groups were given either a systemic administration or stereotactic injection of MnCl2 at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after stroke and underwent MRI 4 and 2 days later, respectively. Immunofluorescence (IF) of group 1 was conducted to corroborate the results. Repetitive behavioral testing was also performed with all rats at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days to obtain a functional score. RESULTS Ring- or crescent-shaped enhancements formed in the striatal peri-infarct regions (STR) at 11 and 18 days. This was concurrent with the activity of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes, which mainly localized at the peri-infarct region and significantly increased in number at 11 and 18 days after stroke. Microglia/macrophages, detected by IF, mainly localized in the lesion core, rather than in the region of enhancement. The ipsilateral substantia nigra (SN) revealed Mn-related signal enhancement reduction and subsequent signs of the recovery process at 3 to 5 days and 9 to 16 days, respectively. Behavioral testing showed that sensorimotor functions were initially disturbed, but subsequently recovered at 7 and 14 days. CONCLUSIONS We found a positive temporal correlation between astrogliosis and the recovery of neuronal connective pathways at the chronic stage by using the in vivo method of MEMRI. Our results highlighted the potential contribution of astrocytes to the neuronal recovery of these connective pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-zhu Hao
- />Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Le-kang Yin
- />Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Xiao-xue Zhang
- />Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Jia-qi Tian
- />Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Chan-chan Li
- />Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Xiao-yuan Feng
- />Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Min Jiang
- />Institutes of Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yan-mei Yang
- />Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040 China
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Bade AN, Gorantla S, Dash PK, Makarov E, Sajja BR, Poluektova LY, Luo J, Gendelman HE, Boska MD, Liu Y. Manganese-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reflects Brain Pathology During Progressive HIV-1 Infection of Humanized Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:3286-3297. [PMID: 26063593 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9258-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Progressive human immunodeficiency viral (HIV) infection commonly leads to a constellation of cognitive, motor, and behavioral impairments. These are collectively termed HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). While antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces HAND severity, it does not affect disease prevalence. Despite decades of research, there remain no biomarkers for HAND and all potential comorbid conditions must first be excluded for a diagnosis to be made. To this end, we now report that manganese (Mn(2+))-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) can reflect brain region-specific HIV-1-induced neuropathology in chronically virus-infected NOD/scid-IL-2Rγc(null) humanized mice. MEMRI diagnostics mirrors the abilities of Mn(2+) to enter and accumulate in affected neurons during disease. T1 relaxivity and its weighted signal intensity are proportional to Mn(2+) activities in neurons. In 16-week virus-infected humanized mice, altered MEMRI signal enhancement was easily observed in affected brain regions. These included, but were not limited to, the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, globus pallidus, caudoputamen, substantia nigra, and cerebellum. MEMRI signal was coordinated with levels of HIV-1 infection, neuroinflammation (astro- and micro-gliosis), and neuronal injury. MEMRI accurately demonstrates the complexities of HIV-1-associated neuropathology in rodents that reflects, in measure, the clinical manifestations of neuroAIDS as it is seen in a human host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya N Bade
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Santhi Gorantla
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Prasanta K Dash
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Edward Makarov
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Balasrinivasa R Sajja
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-1045, USA
| | - Larisa Y Poluektova
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Jiangtao Luo
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4375, USA
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Michael D Boska
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-1045, USA
| | - Yutong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA.
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-1045, USA.
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Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene methylation and parkinsonism in manganese-exposed welders. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2015; 21:355-60. [PMID: 25634431 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurologist-assessed parkinsonism signs are prevalent among workers exposed to manganese (Mn)-containing welding fume. Neuroinflammation may possibly play a role. Inducible nitric oxide synthase, coded by NOS2, is involved in inflammation, and particulate exposure increases the gene's expression through methylation of CpG sites in the 5' region. METHODS We assessed DNA methylation at three CpG sites in the NOS2 exon 1 from blood from 201 welders. All were non-Hispanic Caucasian men 25-65 years old who were examined by a neurologist specializing in movement disorders. We categorized the workers according to their Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor subsection 3 (UPDRS3) scores as parkinsonism cases (UPDRS3 ≥ 15; n = 49), controls (UPDRS3 < 6; n = 103), or intermediate (UPDRS3 ≥ 6 to < 15; n = 49). RESULTS While accounting for age, examiner and experimental plate, parkinsonism cases had lower mean NOS2 methylation than controls (p-value for trend = 0.04), specifically at CpG site 8329 located in an exonic splicing enhancer of NOS2 (p-value for trend = 0.07). These associations were not observed for the intermediate UPDRS3 group (both p-value for trend ≥ 0.59). CONCLUSIONS Inflammation mediated by inducible nitric oxide synthase may possibly contribute to the association between welding fume and parkinsonism, but requires verification in a longitudinal study.
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Manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI): a powerful new imaging method to study tinnitus. Hear Res 2014; 311:49-62. [PMID: 24583078 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) is a method used primarily in basic science experiments to advance the understanding of information processing in central nervous system pathways. With this mechanistic approach, manganese (Mn(2+)) acts as a calcium surrogate, whereby voltage-gated calcium channels allow for activity driven entry of Mn(2+) into neurons. The detection and quantification of neuronal activity via Mn(2+) accumulation is facilitated by "hemodynamic-independent contrast" using high resolution MRI scans. This review emphasizes initial efforts to-date in the development and application of MEMRI for evaluating tinnitus (the perception of sound in the absence of overt acoustic stimulation). Perspectives from leaders in the field highlight MEMRI related studies by comparing and contrasting this technique when tinnitus is induced by high-level noise exposure and salicylate administration. Together, these studies underscore the considerable potential of MEMRI for advancing the field of auditory neuroscience in general and tinnitus research in particular. Because of the technical and functional gaps that are filled by this method and the prospect that human studies are on the near horizon, MEMRI should be of considerable interest to the auditory research community. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled <Annual Reviews 2014>.
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