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Investigating Racial Differences among Men in COVID-19 Diagnosis, and Related Psychosocial and Behavioral Factors: Data from the Michigan Men's Health Event. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063284. [PMID: 33810055 PMCID: PMC8005096 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Extant research is growing in its ability to explain sex differences in novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis and mortality. Moving beyond comparisons based on biological sex is now warranted to capture a more nuanced picture of disparities in COVID-19 diagnosis and mortality specifically among men who are more likely to die of the illness. The objective of this study was to investigate racial disparities in COVID-19-related psychosocial, behavior and health variables among men. The present study utilizes a sample of 824 men who participated in a free health event held in a Midwestern state. Chi-square analysis showed that African American men were more likely to report an adverse impact of COVID-19 based on several factors including experiencing more COVID-19-related medical issues (χ2 = 4.60 p = 0.03); higher COVID-19 diagnosis (χ2 = 4.60 p = 0.02); trouble paying for food (χ2 = 8.47, p = 0.00), rent (χ2 = 12.26, p = 0.00), medication (χ2 = 7.10 p = 0.01) and utility bills (χ2 = 19.68, p = 0.00); higher fear of contracting COVID-19 (χ2 = 31.19, p = 0.00); and higher rates of death of close friends and family due to COVID (χ2 = 48.85, p = 0.00). Non-Hispanic white men reported more increased stress levels due to COVID-19 compared to African American men (χ2 = 10.21, p = 0.01). Regression analysis showed that race was a significant predictor of self-reported COVID-19 diagnosis (OR = 2.56, p < 0.05) after controlling for demographic characteristics. The results showed that compared to non-Hispanic White men, African American men were more likely to report an adverse impact of COVID-19 based on several factors including experiencing more COVID-19-related medical issues; higher COVID-19 diagnosis; trouble paying for food, rent, medication and utility bills; higher fear of contracting COVID-19; and higher rates of death of close friends and family due to COVID. Interestingly, non-Hispanic white men reported more increased stress levels due to COVID-19 compared to African American men.
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Passmore SR, Casper E, Olgin JE, Maguire C, Marcus GM, Pletcher MJ, Thomas SB. Setting and motivation in the decision to participate: An approach to the engagement of diverse samples in mobile research. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2019; 16:100428. [PMID: 31463416 PMCID: PMC6706628 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2019.100428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Internet and mobile based research are powerful tools in the creation of large, cohort studies (eCohort). However, recent analysis indicates that an underrepresentation of minority and low income groups in these studies might exceed that found in traditional research [1-5]. In this report, we present findings from an experiment in research engagement using the Eureka Research Platform developed to enroll diverse populations in support of biomedical clinical research. This experiment involved the recruitment of African American and Latino participants in a smartphone based survey at a temporary, charitable, dental event sponsored, in part, by the research team, in order to explore the impact of setting and approach on recruitment outcomes. 211 participants enrolled including a significant representation of African Americans (51%) and Latinos (31%) and those with education levels at high school or less (37%). Interviews conducted after the study confirmed that our recruitment efforts within the context of a service event affected the decision to participate. While further research is necessary, this experiment holds promise for the engagement of underrepresented groups in research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Racine Passmore
- Center for Health Equity, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Collaborative Center for Health Equity, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Erica Casper
- Center for Health Equity, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Jeffery E. Olgin
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carol Maguire
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gregory M. Marcus
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark J. Pletcher
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephen B. Thomas
- Center for Health Equity, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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Real FJ, DeBlasio D, Rounce C, Henize AW, Beck AF, Klein MD. Opportunities for and Barriers to Using Smartphones for Health Education Among Families at an Urban Primary Care Clinic. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2018; 57:1281-1285. [PMID: 29681167 DOI: 10.1177/0009922818772157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mobile technology is omnipresent in society. Though studies suggest increased rates of smartphone accessibility, current access and barriers to smartphone usage at urban primary care clinics remains unclear. A self-administered survey was distributed to families presenting to an urban, underserved pediatric primary care clinic in spring 2017. Survey questions related to smartphone ownership and barriers to usage. A total of 273 parents completed the survey. Ninety-five percent of participants owned a smartphone. Fifty-eight percent of participants identified no barriers to smartphone usage. Among those who identified one or more barriers (n = 108), difficulties were primarily related to Wi-Fi access (46%), available phone memory (45%), existing phone data (28%), and discomfort with technology (11%). The majority of parents (59%) were interested in using a smartphone to learn about their child's health. In conclusion, there is opportunity to transform health education utilizing mobile devices, though disparities to usage should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis J Real
- 1 University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,2 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Dominick DeBlasio
- 1 University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,2 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Cesarina Rounce
- 2 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Adrienne W Henize
- 1 University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,2 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Andrew F Beck
- 1 University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,2 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Melissa D Klein
- 1 University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,2 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Jabour SM, Page A, Hall SF, Rodriguez L, Shields WC, Alvanzo AA. Information and Communication Technologies Interest, Access, and Use: Cross-Sectional Survey of a Community Sample of Urban, Predominantly Black Women. J Med Internet Res 2018; 20:e248. [PMID: 30108036 PMCID: PMC6113594 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.9962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Information and communication technologies (ICT) offer the potential for delivering health care interventions to low socioeconomic populations who often face barriers in accessing health care. However, most studies on ICT for health education and interventions have been conducted in clinical settings. Objective The aim of this study was to examine access to and use of mobile phones and computers, as well as interest in, using ICT for receipt of behavioral health information among a community sample of urban, predominately black, women with low socioeconomic status. Methods Participants (N=220) were recruited from hair salons and social service centers and completed audio-computer assisted self-interviews. Results The majority of the participants (212/220, 96.3%) reported use of a cell phone at least weekly, of which 89.1% (189/212) used smartphones and 62.3% (137/220) reported computer use at least weekly. Of the women included in the study, 51.9% (107/206) reported using a cell phone and 39.4% (74/188) reported using a computer to access health and/or safety information at least weekly. Approximately half of the women expressed an interest in receiving information about stress management (51%-56%) or alcohol and health (45%-46%) via ICT. Smartphone ownership was associated with younger age (odds ratio [OR] 0.92, 95% CI 0.87-0.97) and employment (OR 5.12, 95% CI 1.05-24.95). Accessing health and safety information weekly by phone was associated with younger age (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.99) and inversely associated with higher income (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.20-0.92). Conclusions Our findings suggest that ICT use, particularly smartphone use, is pervasive among predominantly black women with low socioeconomic status in urban, nonclinical settings. These results show that ICT is a promising modality for delivering health information to this population. Further exploration of the acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of using ICT to disseminate behavioral health education and intervention is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Jabour
- Division of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alexis Page
- Division of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Seventy F Hall
- School of Social Work, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Lycinda Rodriguez
- Department of Psychological, Health and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Wendy C Shields
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Anika Ah Alvanzo
- Division of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Brewer LC, Jenkins S, Lackore K, Johnson J, Jones C, Cooper LA, Radecki Breitkopf C, Hayes SN, Patten C. mHealth Intervention Promoting Cardiovascular Health Among African-Americans: Recruitment and Baseline Characteristics of a Pilot Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2018; 7:e31. [PMID: 29386174 PMCID: PMC5812978 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.8842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile health (mHealth) interventions are promising avenues to promote cardiovascular (CV) health among African-Americans (AAs) and culturally tailored technology-based interventions are emerging for this population. Objective The objectives of this study were to use a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to recruit AAs into a pilot intervention study of an innovative mHealth CV health promotion program and to characterize technology use patterns and eHealth literacy (EHL). Methods Community partners from five predominately AA churches in southeast Minnesota collaborated with our academic institution to recruit AA congregants into the pilot study. Field notes as well as communications between the study team and community partners were used to design the recruitment strategy and its implementation with a goal of enrolling 50 participants. At its core, the recruitment strategy included community kickoff events to detail the state-of-the-art nature of the mHealth intervention components, the utility of CV health assessments (physical examination, laboratory studies and surveys) and the participants’ role in advancing our understanding of the efficacy of mHealth interventions among racial/ethnic minority groups. Detailed recruitment data were documented throughout the study. A self-administered, electronic survey measured sociodemographics, technology use and EHL (eHEALS scale). Results A total of 50 participants (70% women) from five AA churches were recruited over a one-month period. The majority (>90%) of participants reported using some form of mobile technology with all utilizing these technologies within their homes. Greater than half (60% [30/50]) reported being “very comfortable” with mobile technologies. Overall, participants had high EHL (84.8% [39/46] with eHEALS score ≥26) with no differences by sex. Conclusions This study illustrates the feasibility and success of a CBPR approach in recruiting AAs into mHealth intervention research and contributes to the growing body of evidence that AAs have high EHL, are high-users of mobile technologies, and thus are likely to be receptive to mHealth interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaPrincess C Brewer
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Sarah Jenkins
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kandace Lackore
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | - Clarence Jones
- Southside Community Health Services, Incorporated, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Lisa A Cooper
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Sharonne N Hayes
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Christi Patten
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States
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Wu M, Woodrick NM, Arora VM, Farnan JM, Press VG. Developing a Virtual Teach-To-Goal ™ Inhaler Technique Learning Module: A Mixed Methods Approach. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2017; 5:1728-1736. [PMID: 28600133 PMCID: PMC5681390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2017.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most hospitalized patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease misuse respiratory inhalers. An in-person educational strategy, teach-to-goal (TTG), improves inpatients' inhaler technique. OBJECTIVE To develop an effective, portable education intervention that remains accessible to hospitalized patients postdischarge for reinforcement of proper inhaler technique. METHODS A mixed methods approach at an urban academic hospital was used to iteratively develop, modify, and test a virtual teach-to-goal™ (V-TTG™) educational intervention using patient end-user feedback. A survey examined access and willingness to use technology for self-management education. Focus groups evaluated patients' feedback on access, functionality, and quality of V-TTG™. RESULTS Forty-eight participants completed the survey, with most reporting having Internet access; 77% used the Internet at home and 82% used the Internet at least once every few weeks. More than 80% reported that they were somewhat or very likely to use V-TTG™ to gain skills to improve their health. Most participants reported smartphone access (73%); half owned laptop computers (52%). Participants with asthma versus chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were more likely to own a smartphone, have a data plan, and have daily Internet use (P < .05). Nine focus groups (n = 25) identified themes for each domain: access-platform and delivery, Internet access, and technological literacy; functionality-usefulness, content, and teaching strategy; and quality-clarity, ease of use, length, and likability. CONCLUSIONS V-TTG™ is a promising educational tool for improving patients' inhaler technique, iteratively developed and refined with patient input. Patients in our urban, academic hospital overwhelmingly reported access to platforms and willingness to use V-TTG™ for health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wu
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - Vineet M Arora
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - Valerie G Press
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.
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Brooks MJ, Bear T, Hacker K, Ricci EM, Foulds A, Anderson H, Raible C, Miller E. An Alternative Technique for Youth Risk Surveillance Outside of the School System. J Adolesc Health 2017; 60:72-78. [PMID: 27793728 PMCID: PMC8006865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE When school districts choose not to participate in adolescent health behavior surveys, tracking adolescent health indicators can be challenging. We conducted a countywide youth behavior survey outside of the school system. Our purpose is to describe alternative methods used for gathering these data reliably and ethically. METHODS We implemented two parallel surveys with youth ages 14-19 residing in a mid-sized county with urban, suburban, and rural neighborhoods. An anonymous phone-based survey used computer-assisted telephone interviewing with a live interviewer in conjunction with an interactive voice response system to survey youth via random digit dialing of landlines and cell phones. A concurrent in-person anonymous survey was conducted with marginalized youth (from juvenile detention centers, shelters, and residential facilities), using audio computer-assisted self-interviewing technology. The survey measures included the Centers for Disease Control Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System and additional questions about social supports, neighborhood, and adverse childhood experiences. RESULTS Data were collected between February and December 2014. The phone-based sample recruited 1813 participants; the marginalized sample included 262 youth. Several strategies ensured anonymity and reduced coercion. The final phone-based sample was similar to demographics of the county population. The marginalized youth sample captured out-of-home youth who may have been missed with phone-based sampling alone. CONCLUSIONS We review alternative strategies for obtaining population-based adolescent health data without the cooperation of schools. These techniques can provide a basis to collect data that may help direct resources and policies relevant to needs of local youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merrian J Brooks
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Todd Bear
- Institute for Evaluation Science in Community Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Karen Hacker
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Allegheny County Department of Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Edmund M Ricci
- Institute for Evaluation Science in Community Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Abigail Foulds
- Institute for Evaluation Science in Community Health, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Heather Anderson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Claire Raible
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Elizabeth Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Gopalan A, Makelarski JA, Garibay LB, Escamilla V, Merchant RM, Wolfe MB, Holbrook R, Lindau ST. Health-Specific Information and Communication Technology Use and Its Relationship to Obesity in High-Poverty, Urban Communities: Analysis of a Population-Based Biosocial Survey. J Med Internet Res 2016; 18:e182. [PMID: 27352770 PMCID: PMC4942684 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.5741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More than 35% of American adults are obese. For African American and Hispanic adults, as well as individuals residing in poorer or more racially segregated urban neighborhoods, the likelihood of obesity is even higher. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) may substitute for or complement community-based resources for weight management. However, little is currently known about health-specific ICT use among urban-dwelling people with obesity. Objective We describe health-specific ICT use and its relationship to measured obesity among adults in high-poverty urban communities. Methods Using data collected between November 2012 and July 2013 from a population-based probability sample of urban-dwelling African American and Hispanic adults residing on the South Side of Chicago, we described patterns of ICT use in relation to measured obesity defined by a body mass index (BMI) of ≥30 kg/m2. Among those with BMI≥30 kg/m2, we also assessed the association between health-specific ICT use and diagnosed versus undiagnosed obesity as well as differences in health-specific ICT use by self-reported comorbidities, including diabetes and hypertension. Results The survey response rate was 44.6% (267 completed surveys/598.4 eligible or likely eligible individuals); 53.2% were African American and 34.6% were Hispanic. More than 35% of the population reported an annual income of less than US $25,000. The population prevalence of measured obesity was 50.2%. People with measured obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2) were more likely to report both general (81.5% vs 67.0%, P=.04) and health-specific (61.1% vs 41.2%, P=.01) ICT use. In contrast, among those with measured obesity, being told of this diagnosis by a physician was not associated with increased health-specific ICT use. People with measured obesity alone had higher rates of health-specific use than those with comorbid hypertension and/or diabetes diagnoses (77.1% vs 60.7% vs 47.4%, P=.04). Conclusions In conclusion, ICT-based health resources may be particularly useful for people in high-poverty urban communities with isolated measured obesity, a population that is at high risk for poor health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Gopalan
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Smaldone A, Stockwell MS, Osborne JC, Cortes Y, Bekele E, Green NS. Adolescent and parent use of new technologies for health communication: a study in an urban latino community. J Public Health Res 2015; 4:376. [PMID: 25918691 PMCID: PMC4407036 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2015.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile communication technologies provide novel opportunities to support clinic-based health initiatives. Adoption of technologies for daily use and for health communication can differ between communities, depending upon demographic and cultural characteristics. Design and methods A survey was administered in adolescent primary care and subspecialty clinics to assess parent-adolescent preferences in use of mobile technologies and social media to support provider-patient communication in an urban Latino community. Results Of 130 respondents (65 parent-adolescent pairs), approximately half frequently sent and received text messages but lacked agreement regarding the other’s text messaging use. In contrast, adolescents only rarely used email compared to parents (15.4% versus 37.5%, P=0.006). Of social media, Facebook™/MySpace™ was most frequently used by parents and youth (60% and 55.4%, P=0.59); however, most lacked interest in using social media for health communication. Parents reported more interest than adolescents in receiving email (73.4% versus 35.9%, P<0.001) and text messages (58.5% versus 33.9%, P=0.005) for health, but had more concerns about privacy issues (26.2% versus 9.2%, P=0.01). Respondents who were American born (aOR 5.7, 95%CI 1.2-28.5) or regularly used Instant Messaging or Facebook™/MySpace™ (aOR 4.6, 95%CI 1.4-14.7) were more likely to be interested in using social media for health communication. Conclusions These findings underscore the importance of targeted assessment for planning the utilization of communication technologies and social media in clinical care or research for underserved youth. Significance for public health Communication technologies provide novel opportunities to support clinic-based health initiatives for underserved youth. However, adoption of technologies among communities may differ depending upon demographic and cultural characteristics. We surveyed a sample of urban Latino parents and youth regarding their current use of mobile and social media technologies and preferences for use of these technologies for health communication. This is the first study to compare the perspective of underserved parents and their youth regarding use of a wide variety of mobile and social communication technologies, concordance between youth-parent pairs in perceived use of texting and preferences for the purpose of health communication. Our findings differ from those from adults surveyed in other under-served communities, highlighting heterogeneity between communities. Variations in use of communication technologies and social media and preferences between parent-youth pairs suggest that understanding these factors within target populations is crucial for successful use to support health and health services.
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Mitchell SG, Schwartz RP, Alvanzo AAH, Weisman MS, Kyle TL, Turrigiano EM, Gibson ML, Perez L, McClure EA, Clingerman S, Froias A, Shandera DR, Walker R, Babcock DL, Bailey GL, Miele GM, Kunkel LE, Norton M, Stitzer ML. The Use of Technology in Participant Tracking and Study Retention: Lessons Learned From a Clinical Trials Network Study. Subst Abus 2015; 36:420-6. [PMID: 25671593 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2014.992565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing use of newer communication and Internet technologies, even among low-income and transient populations, require research staff to update their outreach strategies to ensure high follow-up and participant retention rates. This paper presents the views of research assistants on the use of cell phones and the Internet to track participants in a multisite randomized trial of substance use disorder treatment. METHODS Preinterview questionnaires exploring tracking and other study-related activities were collected from 21 research staff across the 10 participating US sites. Data were then used to construct a semistructured interview guide that, in turn, was used to interview 12 of the same staff members. The questionnaires and interview data were entered in Atlas.ti and analyzed for emergent themes related to the use of technology for participant-tracking purposes. RESULTS Study staff reported that most participants had cell phones, despite having unstable physical addresses and landlines. The incoming call feature of most cell phones was useful for participants and research staff alike, and texting proved to have additional benefits. However, reliance on participants' cell phones also proved problematic. Even homeless participants were found to have access to the Internet through public libraries and could respond to study staff e-mails. Some study sites opened generic social media accounts, through which study staff sent private messages to participants. However, the institutional review board (IRB) approval process for tracking participants using social media at some sites was prohibitively lengthy. Internet searches through Google, national paid databases, obituaries, and judiciary Web sites were also helpful tools. CONCLUSIONS Research staff perceive that cell phones, Internet searches, and social networking sites were effective tools to achieve high follow-up rates in drug abuse research. Studies should incorporate cell phone, texting, and social network Web site information on locator forms; obtain IRB approval for contacting participants using social networking Web sites; and include Web searches, texting, and the use of social media in staff training as standard operating procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anika A H Alvanzo
- b Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Monique S Weisman
- c The Alcoholic Rehabilitation Center of Hawaii , Kaneohe , Hawaii , USA
| | - Tiffany L Kyle
- d The Center for Drug Free Living , Orlando , Florida , USA
| | | | - Martha L Gibson
- f Eskenazi Health, Midtown Community Mental Health Center , Indianapolis , Indiana , USA
| | | | - Erin A McClure
- g Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , South Carolina , USA
| | - Sara Clingerman
- h Department of Epidemiology , University of Miami , Orlando , Florida , USA
| | - Autumn Froias
- i Stanley Street Treatment and Resources , Fall River , Massachusetts , USA
| | | | - Robrina Walker
- k University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , Texas , USA
| | - Dean L Babcock
- f Eskenazi Health, Midtown Community Mental Health Center , Indianapolis , Indiana , USA
| | - Genie L Bailey
- i Stanley Street Treatment and Resources , Fall River , Massachusetts , USA
| | - Gloria M Miele
- l Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons , New York , New York , USA
| | - Lynn E Kunkel
- m Oregon Health & Science University , Eugene , Oregon , USA
| | - Michael Norton
- n Midwestern Connecticut Council on Alcoholism , Danbury , Connecticut , USA
| | - Maxine L Stitzer
- o Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
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Frierson GM, Morrow JR, Vidales A. Successful minority recruitment and adherence in physical activity Internet-based research: the WIN study. J Natl Med Assoc 2013; 104:544-54. [PMID: 23560357 DOI: 10.1016/s0027-9684(15)30221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Researchers studying physical activity often face challenges dealing with recruitment and resources, particularly when conducting longitudinal Internet-based research. Commonly raised methodological problems such as minority recruitment, participant commitment, and participant-staff involvement are addressed through a theoretically driven recruitment and adherence protocol in The Women's Exercise Injuries: Incidence and Risk Factors (WIN) Internet-based study. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this paper were to review and suggest solutions to problems of: (1) low recruitment of diverse samples, (2) low adherence, and (3) staffing needs. METHODS We recruited 1303 community-dwelling women and followed them through a multiple-phase, longitudinal, Internet-based study. Recruitment and adherence data were analyzed through descriptive methods and logistic regressions to examine participant adherence and sociodemographic factors and predictors of who entered the long-term phase of the study. RESULTS We successfully retained 71.6% of the sample through 4 recruitment phases. Twenty-seven percent of the initially recruited sample was racial/ethnically diverse, 24% began the long-term phase, and 23% completed. Several strategies to enhance participant commitment were successfully used during the practice phase, providing a successful, low staff to participant ratio. Logistic regression indicated being married, being older, and having greater Internet skills were predictive of successfully entering the long-term phase of the study. CONCLUSIONS Recruitment and compliance protocols were successful in meeting overall and racial/ethnic enrollment and recruitment goals. The theoretically based practice phase techniques were successful in re-engaging noncompliant participants. Strategies for minority enrollment and compliance are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georita M Frierson
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA.
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Mitchell JA, Hawkins J, Watkins DC. Factors Associated With Cancer Family History Communication Between African American Men and Their Relatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 21:97-111. [PMID: 31289433 DOI: 10.3149/jms.2102.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
African American men bear a disproportionately high burden from cancer in the U.S. The American Cancer Society reports that for all cancer sites combined, African American men are 32% more likely to die than white men (American Cancer Society, 2011). Having a family history of cancer elevates an individual's risk for the disease and should inform decision-making around the use of specific cancer screening tests as well as earlier onset and frequency of cancer screening. Adult African American men who attended an annual hospital-based community health fair in the Midwest which targeted minority men, were approached to complete a paper-based survey. Participants were asked "have you ever talked with any of your relatives about your family history of cancer (about any members of your family who have been diagnosed with cancer)?" Predictors were evaluated using bivariate analysis and logistic regression; they included socio-demographic, health access, health behavior, health status, and communication variables. Participants were 558 African American men with a mean age of 54 years old. African American men were most likely to have ever discussed their family history of cancer with a relative if they had specific knowledge of their family history of cancer and if they had ever talked to a physician about their family history of cancer. For African American men with a familial predisposition to cancer, further examination of barriers and facilitators to discussion with relatives, specifically those related to health access and knowledge, is warranted.
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Burrell ER, Pines HA, Robbie E, Coleman L, Murphy RD, Hess KL, Anton P, Gorbach PM. Use of the location-based social networking application GRINDR as a recruitment tool in rectal microbicide development research. AIDS Behav 2012; 16:1816-20. [PMID: 22851153 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-012-0277-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Mobile phone social networking applications such as GRINDR are potential tools for recruitment of men who have sex with men (MSM) for HIV prevention research. Demographics and sexual risk behaviors of men recruited through GRINDR and through traditional media were compared. GRINDR participants were younger (mean age 31 vs. 42, p < 0.0001), more White identified (44 vs. 30 %, p < 0.01), and had more sex partners in the previous 14 days (1.88 vs. 1.10, p < 0.05) than other recruits. Email responses were less successful for enrollment than phone calls (5 vs. 50 %). This approach resulted in successful recruitment of younger and more educated, White identified MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Earl R Burrell
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California-Los Angeles, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, 41-295 Center for Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA.
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Using digital communication technology fails to improve longitudinal evaluation of an HIV prevention program aimed at Indian truck drivers and cleaners. AIDS Behav 2012; 16:1359-63. [PMID: 21983800 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-011-0060-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
HIV prevention programs for truck drivers and cleaners (TDC) in India are limited. Longitudinal follow-up presents an obstacle to program effectiveness evaluation. We asked 3,028 TDC in a truck-driver HIV prevention program in Hyderabad to leave a cellular telephone number; we contacted participants 6 months after the intervention to assess sexual risk behavior change. Married, older, and better educated participants were more likely to leave phone numbers. Only 6.5% of TDC were reachable after 6 months. Longitudinal follow-up of this mobile sub-population remains a challenge, and more effective methods for evaluating HIV prevention programs are needed.
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Ranney ML, Choo EK, Wang Y, Baum A, Clark MA, Mello MJ. Emergency department patients' preferences for technology-based behavioral interventions. Ann Emerg Med 2012; 60:218-27.e48. [PMID: 22542311 DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Revised: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess emergency department (ED) patients' preferences for technology-based behavioral interventions, and the demographic factors associated with these preferences. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of a random sample of urban ED patients (≥13 years) from a representative sample of shifts, with oversampling of adolescents/young adults (aged 13 to 24 years). Participants self-administered the survey about baseline technology use, concerns about technology-based interventions, and preferred intervention format for 7 behavioral health topics. We performed descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression (controlling for demographics and then additionally for baseline technology use) to identify factors differentially associated with technology preference for each behavioral topic. RESULTS Of patients presenting during research assistant shifts, 1,429 (≈59%) were screened and 664 (68.2% of eligible) consented to participate. Mean age was 31 years (SD 0.69); 54.5% were female, 64.1% were white, 23.2% were Hispanic, and 46.6% reported low income. Baseline use of computers (91.2%), Internet (70.7%), social networking (66.9%), mobile phones (95.0%), and text messaging (73.8%) was high. Participants reported interest in receiving interventions on each behavioral topic. Ninety percent preferred a technology-based intervention for at least 1 topic. Patients expressed greatest concerns about Internet (51.5%) and social networking (57.6%), particularly about confidentiality. Adjusting for sex, race, ethnicity, and income, younger age associated with preference for technology-based interventions for unintentional injuries (odds ratio 0.63 for technology preference if adult versus youth; 95% confidence interval 0.45 to 0.89) and peer violence (odds ratio 0.63 if adult; 95% confidence interval 0.43 to 0.92). Additionally adjusting for baseline technology usage, only baseline usage was associated with preference for technology-based interventions. CONCLUSION ED patients reported high baseline technology use, high interest in behavioral health interventions, and varying preferences for technology-based interventions. Future studies should address actual feasibility and acceptability of technology-based interventions in a more generalized population and ways to alleviate concerns about these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Ranney
- Injury Prevention Center of Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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