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Haghmorad D, Khaleghian A, Eslami M, Sadeghnejad A, Tarahomi M, Yousefi B. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via modifying expression patterns of miRNAs. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9971-9984. [PMID: 37897611 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08843-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical and experimental studies highlighted the significant therapeutic role of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in neurodegenerative diseases. MSCs possess potent immunomodulatory properties by releasing exosomes, which generate a suitable microenvironment. microRNAs (miRNAs), as one of several effective bioactive molecules of exosomes, influence cellular communication and activities in recipient cells. Recent studies revealed that miRNAs could control the progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) via differentiation and function of T helper cells (Th). METHODS Here, we investigated the therapeutic effects of syngeneic-derived BM-MSC in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS by evaluating expression profile of miRNAs, pro- and anti-inflammatory in serum and brain tissues. Three-time scheme groups (6th day, 6th & 12th days, and 12th day, of post-EAE induction) were applied to determine the therapeutic effects of intraperitoneally received 1*106 of BM-MSCs. RESULTS The expression levels of mature isoforms of miR-193, miR-146a, miR-155, miR-21, and miR-326 showed that BM-MSCs treatment attenuated the EAE clinical score and reduced clinical inflammation as well as demyelination. The improved neurological functional outcome associated with enhanced expression of miR-193 and miR-146a, but decreased expression levels of miR-155, miR-21, and miR-326 were followed by suppressing effects on Th1/Th17 immune responses (reduced levels of IFN-γand IL-17 cytokine expression) and induction of Treg cells, immunoregulatory responses (increase of IL-10, TGF-β, and IL-4) in treatment groups. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that BM-MSCs administration might change expression patterns of miRNAs and downstream interactions followed by immune system modulation. However, there is a need to carry out future human clinical trials and complementary experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariush Haghmorad
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Khaleghian
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Majid Eslami
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Mahdieh Tarahomi
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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Azevedo ML, Silveira RG, Nedel F, Lund RG. MicroRNAs expressed during normal wound healing and their associated pathways: A systematic review and bioinformatics analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281913. [PMID: 37053170 PMCID: PMC10101427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are responsible for regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. Are involved in several biological processes, such as wound healing. Understanding the miRNAs involved in this process is fundamental for the development of new therapies. So, due to the need to understand the role of these molecules, we aimed systematically review the literature in order to identify which miRNAs are involved in the wound healing and determine, through bioinformatics analysis, which signaling pathways are associated with these miRNAs. An electronic search was performed in the following databases: National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Science Direct, Scifinder, Scopus and Web of Science, using the descriptors: "(microRNA [MeSH])" and "(skin [MeSH])" and "(wound healing [MeSH])". After the search, two independent and previously calibrated reviewers selected the articles that analyzed the expression pattern of miRNAs in wound healing in in vivo studies, using the software Zotero bibliography manager. Following, bioinformatic analysis was performed using the software DIANA Tools, mirPath v.3 and the data was interpreted. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that on the day 1 there were 13 union pathways, eight of which were statistically significant. Still on the day 1, among the miRNAs that had a decrease in their expression, 12 of 17 union pathways found were statistically significant. On the day 5, among the miRNAs with an increase in expression, 16 union pathways were found, 12 of which were statistically significant. Finally, among the miRNAs with decreased expression, 11 of 15 union pathways found were statistically significant. Although it has been found substantial heterogeneity in the studies, with this systematic review, it was possible to study the panorama of miRNAs that may be altered in the wound healing. The present review summarizes existing evidence of miRNAs associated to wound healing, and these findings can contribute to new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgana Lüdtke Azevedo
- Graduated Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberta Giorgi Silveira
- Graduated Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Nedel
- Graduated Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Guerra Lund
- Graduated Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Khokhar M, Purohit P, Gadwal A, Tomo S, Bajpai NK, Shukla R. The Differentially Expressed Genes Responsible for the Development of T Helper 9 Cells From T Helper 2 Cells in Various Disease States: Immuno-Interactomics Study. JMIR BIOINFORMATICS AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 4:e42421. [PMID: 38935935 DOI: 10.2196/42421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T helper (Th) 9 cells are a novel subset of Th cells that develop independently from Th2 cells and are characterized by the secretion of interleukin (IL)-9. Studies have suggested the involvement of Th9 cells in variable diseases such as allergic and pulmonary diseases (eg, asthma, chronic obstructive airway disease, chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, and pulmonary hypoplasia), metabolic diseases (eg, acute leukemia, myelocytic leukemia, breast cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, pancreatic cancer), neuropsychiatric disorders (eg, Alzheimer disease), autoimmune diseases (eg, Graves disease, Crohn disease, colitis, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, atopic dermatitis, eczema), and infectious diseases (eg, tuberculosis, hepatitis). However, there is a dearth of information on its involvement in other metabolic, neuropsychiatric, and infectious diseases. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify significant differentially altered genes in the conversion of Th2 to Th9 cells, and their regulating microRNAs (miRs) from publicly available Gene Expression Omnibus data sets of the mouse model using in silico analysis to unravel various pathogenic pathways involved in disease processes. METHODS Using differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified from 2 publicly available data sets (GSE99166 and GSE123501) we performed functional enrichment and network analyses to identify pathways, protein-protein interactions, miR-messenger RNA associations, and disease-gene associations related to significant differentially altered genes implicated in the conversion of Th2 to Th9 cells. RESULTS We extracted 260 common downregulated, 236 common upregulated, and 634 common DEGs from the expression profiles of data sets GSE99166 and GSE123501. Codifferentially expressed ILs, cytokines, receptors, and transcription factors (TFs) were enriched in 7 crucial Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways and Gene Ontology. We constructed the protein-protein interaction network and predicted the top regulatory miRs involved in the Th2 to Th9 differentiation pathways. We also identified various metabolic, allergic and pulmonary, neuropsychiatric, autoimmune, and infectious diseases as well as carcinomas where the differentiation of Th2 to Th9 may play a crucial role. CONCLUSIONS This study identified hitherto unexplored possible associations between Th9 and disease states. Some important ILs, including CCL1 (chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 1), CCL20 (chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 20), IL-13, IL-4, IL-12A, and IL-9; receptors, including IL-12RB1, IL-4RA (interleukin 9 receptor alpha), CD53 (cluster of differentiation 53), CD6 (cluster of differentiation 6), CD5 (cluster of differentiation 5), CD83 (cluster of differentiation 83), CD197 (cluster of differentiation 197), IL-1RL1 (interleukin 1 receptor-like 1), CD101 (cluster of differentiation 101), CD96 (cluster of differentiation 96), CD72 (cluster of differentiation 72), CD7 (cluster of differentiation 7), CD152 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4), CD38 (cluster of differentiation 38), CX3CR1 (chemokine [C-X3-C motif] receptor 1), CTLA2A (cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 2 alpha), CTLA28, and CD196 (cluster of differentiation 196); and TFs, including FOXP3 (forkhead box P3), IRF8 (interferon regulatory factor 8), FOXP2 (forkhead box P2), RORA (RAR-related orphan receptor alpha), AHR (aryl-hydrocarbon receptor), MAF (avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog), SMAD6 (SMAD family member 6), JUN (Jun proto-oncogene), JAK2 (Janus kinase 2), EP300 (E1A binding protein p300), ATF6 (activating transcription factor 6), BTAF1 (B-TFIID TATA-box binding protein associated factor 1), BAFT (basic leucine zipper transcription factor), NOTCH1 (neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1), GATA3 (GATA binding protein 3), SATB1 (special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1), BMP7 (bone morphogenetic protein 7), and PPARG (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, were able to identify significant differentially altered genes in the conversion of Th2 to Th9 cells. We identified some common miRs that could target the DEGs. The scarcity of studies on the role of Th9 in metabolic diseases highlights the lacunae in this field. Our study provides the rationale for exploring the role of Th9 in various metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive disease, ischemic stroke, steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, obesity, adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma and glioma, malignant neoplasm of stomach, melanoma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, and stomach carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Khokhar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - Purvi Purohit
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - Ashita Gadwal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - Sojit Tomo
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - Nitin Kumar Bajpai
- Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
| | - Ravindra Shukla
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Jodhpur, India
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Yu H, Wang Y, Wang D, Yi Y, Liu Z, Wu M, Wu Y, Zhang Q. Landscape of the epigenetic regulation in wound healing. Front Physiol 2022; 13:949498. [PMID: 36035490 PMCID: PMC9403478 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.949498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing after skin injury is a dynamic and highly coordinated process involving a well-orchestrated series of phases, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Epigenetic regulation refers to genome-wide molecular events, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA regulation, represented by microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA). Epigenetic regulation is pervasively occurred in the genome and emerges as a new role in gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Currently, it is well-recognized that epigenetic factors are determinants in regulating gene expression patterns, and may provide evolutionary mechanisms that influence the wound microenvironments and the entire healing course. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively summarize the emerging roles and mechanisms of epigenetic remodeling in wound healing. Moreover, we also pose the challenges and future perspectives related to epigenetic modifications in wound healing, which would bring novel insights to accelerated wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Min Wu
- *Correspondence: Min Wu, ; Yiping Wu, ; Qi Zhang,
| | - Yiping Wu
- *Correspondence: Min Wu, ; Yiping Wu, ; Qi Zhang,
| | - Qi Zhang
- *Correspondence: Min Wu, ; Yiping Wu, ; Qi Zhang,
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Jiang Y, Xu X, Xiao L, Wang L, Qiang S. The Role of microRNA in the Inflammatory Response of Wound Healing. Front Immunol 2022; 13:852419. [PMID: 35386721 PMCID: PMC8977525 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.852419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing, a highly complex pathophysiological response to injury, includes four overlapping phases of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Initiation and resolution of the inflammatory response are the primary requirements for wound healing, and are also key events that determines wound quality and healing time. Currently, the number of patients with persistent chronic wounds has generally increased, which imposes health and economic burden on patients and society. Recent studies have found that microRNA(miRNA) plays an essential role in the inflammation involved in wound healing and may provide a new therapeutic direction for wound treatment. Therefore, this review focused on the role and significance of miRNA in the inflammation phase of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Jiang
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Long Xiao
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Sheng Qiang
- Center Laboratory, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
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miR-155: An Important Role in Inflammation Response. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7437281. [PMID: 35434143 PMCID: PMC9007653 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7437281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, mature, noncoding RNA that lead to posttranscriptional gene silencing to regulate gene expression. miRNAs are instrumental in biological processes such as cell development, cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis. The miRNA-mediated gene silencing is an important part of the regulation of gene expression in many kinds of diseases. miR-155, one of the best-characterized miRNAs, has been found to be closely related to physiological and pathological processes. What is more, miR-155 can be used as a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. We analyze the articles about miR-155 for nearly five years, review the advanced study on the function of miR-155 in different inflammatory cells like T cells, B cells, DCs, and macrophages, and then summarize the biological functions of miR-155 in different inflammatory cells. The widespread involvement of miR-155 in human diseases has led to a novel therapeutic approach between Chinese and Western medicine.
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Li D, Niu G, Landén NX. Beyond the Code: Noncoding RNAs in Skin Wound Healing. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2022; 14:a041230. [PMID: 35197246 PMCID: PMC9438779 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been found to regulate gene expression and protein functions, playing important roles in diverse biological processes and diseases. Their crucial functions have been reported in almost every cell type and all stages of skin wound healing. Evidence of their pathogenetic roles in common wound complications, such as chronic nonhealing wounds and excessive scarring, is also accumulating. Given their unique expression and functional properties, ncRNAs are promising therapeutic and diagnostic entities. In this review, we discuss current knowledge about the functional roles of noncoding elements, such as microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs, in skin wound healing, focusing on in vivo evidence from studies of human wound samples and animal wound models. Finally, we provide a perspective on the outlook of ncRNA-based therapeutics in wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Guanglin Niu
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ning Xu Landén
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Stockholm Node, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
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Mandujano-Tinoco EA, González-García F, Salgado RM, Abarca-Buis RF, Sanchez-Lopez JM, Carranza-Castro PH, Padilla L, Krötzsch E. miR-31, miR-155, and miR-221 expression profiles and their association with graft skin tolerance in a syngeneic vs. allogeneic murine skin transplantation model. J Burn Care Res 2022; 43:1160-1169. [PMID: 35018433 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Grafting is the gold standard for the treatment of severe skin burns. Frequently, allogeneic tissue is the only transient option for wound coverage, but their use risks damage to surrounding tissues. MicroRNAs have been associated with acute rejection of different tissues/organs. In this study, we analyzed the expression of miR-31, miR-155, and miR-221 and associate it with graft tolerance or rejection using a murine full-thickness skin transplantation model. Recipient animals for the syngeneic and allogeneic groups were BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, respectively; donor tissues were obtained from BALB/c mice. After 7 days post-transplantation (DPT), the recipient skin and grafts in the syngeneic group maintained most of their structural characteristics and transforming growth factor (TGF)β1 and TGFβ3 expression. Allografts were rejected early (Banff grades II and IV at 3 and 7 DPT, respectively), showing damage to the skin architecture and alteration of TGFβ3 distribution. miRNAs skin expression changed in both mouse strains; miR-31 expression increased in the recipient skin of syngeneic grafts relative to that of allogeneic grafts at 3 and 7 DPT (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively); miR-221 expression increased in the same grafts at 7 DPT (p < 0.05). The only significant difference between donor tissues was observed for miR-155 expression at 7 DPT which was associated with necrotic tissue. Only miR-31 and miR-221 levels were increased in the blood of BALB/c mice that received syngeneic grafts after 7 DPT. Our data suggest that local and systemic miR-31 and miR-221 overexpression are associated with graft tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Ayerim Mandujano-Tinoco
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue, Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención a Quemados, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco González-García
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue, Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención a Quemados, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa M Salgado
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue, Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención a Quemados, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - René Fernando Abarca-Buis
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue, Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención a Quemados, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Luis Padilla
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre", ISSSTE, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Krötzsch
- Laboratory of Connective Tissue, Centro Nacional de Investigación y Atención a Quemados, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
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Xu M, Li Y, Tang Y, Zhao X, Xie D, Chen M. Increased Expression of miR-155 in Peripheral Blood and Wound Margin Tissue of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Associated with Diabetic Foot Ulcer. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:3415-3428. [PMID: 36353665 PMCID: PMC9639392 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s376292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the correlations of miR-155 expression in the peripheral blood and wound margin tissue of patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and explore the clinical value of miR-155 as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment outcomes of DFU. METHODS Sixty newly diagnosed T2DM patients without DFU (T2DM group), 112 T2DM patients with DFU (DFU group), and 60 healthy controls (NC group) were included. MiR-155 levels in the peripheral blood and wound margin tissue were determined by quantitative real-time PCR, while clinical features and risk factors of DFU were explored. Multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether miR-155 expression was an independent risk factor for DFU. The diagnostic effectiveness of miR-155 level on DFU was evaluated using ROC curve analysis. RESULTS A significant decrease in the expression level of miR-155 was observed in T2DM group compared with NC group (P < 0.05), while a markedly increased miR-155 expression level was noted in DFU group compared with T2DM group (P < 0.01). Moreover, there was a negative correlation between the expression levels of miR-155 with healing rate of DFU. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the cumulative rate of unhealed DFU in miR-155 high expression group is higher than that in miR-155 low expression group, both in peripheral blood and wound margin tissue (log rank, P = 0.004, P < 0.001, respectively). The multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that a high expression of miR-155 was an independent risk factor for DFU. The ROC curve analysis indicated that the AUC of miR-155 for the diagnosis of DFU was 0.794, with the optimum sensitivity being 96.82% and the optimum specificity of 95.93%. CONCLUSION The increased expression of miR-155 in peripheral blood of T2DM patients is closely related to the occurrence of DFU. MiR-155 is a potentially valuable biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of DFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yutong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dandan Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Mingwei Chen, Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-551-2923631, Fax +86-551-2922160, Email
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Role of microRNAs in the Pathophysiology of Ulcerative Colitis. IMMUNO 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno1040039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an intractable disorder characterized by a chronic inflammation of the colon. Studies have identified UC as a multifactorial disorder affected by both genetic and environmental factors; however, the precise mechanism remains unclear. Recent advances in the field of microRNA (miRNA) research have identified an association between this small non-coding RNA in the pathophysiology of UC and altered miRNA expression profiles in patients with UC. Nevertheless, the roles of individual miRNAs are uncertain due to heterogeneity in both research samples and clinical backgrounds. In this review, we focus on miRNA expression in colonic mucosa where inflammation occurs in UC and discuss the potential roles of individual miRNAs in disease development, outlining the pathophysiology of UC.
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Jafarzadeh A, Naseri A, Shojaie L, Nemati M, Jafarzadeh S, Bannazadeh Baghi H, Hamblin MR, Akhlagh SA, Mirzaei H. MicroRNA-155 and antiviral immune responses. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108188. [PMID: 34626873 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The microRNA, miR-155 regulates both adaptive and innate immune responses. In viral infections, miR-155 can affect both innate immunity (interferon response, natural killer cell activity, and macrophage polarization) and adaptive immunity (including generation of anti-viral antibodies, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, Th17, Th2, Th1, Tfh and Treg cells). In many viral infections, the proper and timely regulation of miR-155 expression is critical for the induction of an effective anti-virus immune response and viral clearance without any harmful immunopathologic consequences. MiR-155 may also exert pro-viral effects, mainly through the inhibition of the anti-viral interferon response. Thus, dysregulated expression of miR-155 can result in virus persistence and disruption of the normal response to viral infections. This review provides a thorough discussion of the role of miR-155 in immune responses and immunopathologic reactions during viral infections, and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Alma Naseri
- Department of Immunology, Islamic Azadi university of Zahedan, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | | | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Jafarzadeh A, Marzban H, Nemati M, Jafarzadeh S, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei HR. Dysregulated expression of miRNAs in immune thrombocytopenia. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1315-1325. [PMID: 34498489 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years the critical role of miRNAs has been established in many diseases, including autoimmune disorders. Immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) is a predominant autoimmune disease, in which aberrant expression of miRNAs has been observed, suggesting that miRNAs are involved in its development. miRNAs could induce an imbalance in the T helper (Th)1/Th2 cell and Th17/Treg cell-related responses. Moreover, they could also cause alterations in Th9 and Th22 cell responses, and activate Tfh (T follicular helper) cell-dependent auto-reactive B cells, thus influencing megakaryogenesis. Herein, we summarize the role of immune-related miRNAs in ITP pathogenesis, and look forward to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, 7718175911, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Havva Marzban
- Department of Pathology & Experimental Animals, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), 31975/148 Karaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, 77181/75911, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Hematology & Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sara Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 76169-13555, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 13131- 99137, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, 2028 Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry & Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, 87159-88141, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, 87159-88141, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417613151, Tehran, Iran
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Regulatory roles of MicroRNA in shaping T cell function, differentiation and polarization. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 124:34-47. [PMID: 34446356 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
T lymphocytes are an integral component of adaptive immunity with pleotropic effector functions. Impairment of T cell activity is implicated in various immune pathologies including autoimmune diseases, AIDS, carcinogenesis, and periodontitis. Evidently, T cell differentiation and function are under robust regulation by various endogenous factors that orchestrate underlying molecular pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of noncoding, regulatory RNAs that post-transcriptionally control multiple mRNA targets by sequence-specific interaction. In this article, we will review the recent progress in our understanding of miRNA-gene networks that are uniquely required by specific T cell effector functions and provide miRNA-mediated mechanisms that govern the fate of T cells. A subset of miRNAs may act in a synergistic or antagonistic manner to exert functional suppression of genes and regulate pathways that control T cell activation and differentiation. Significance of T cell-specific miRNAs and their dysregulation in immune-mediated diseases is discussed. Exosome-mediated horizontal transfer of miRNAs from antigen presenting cells (APCs) to T cells and from one T cell to another T cell subset and their impact on recipient cell functions is summarized.
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14
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The Role of miR-155 in Nutrition: Modulating Cancer-Associated Inflammation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072245. [PMID: 34210046 PMCID: PMC8308226 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition plays an important role in overall human health. Although there is no direct evidence supporting the direct involvement of nutrition in curing disease, for some diseases, good nutrition contributes to disease prevention and our overall well-being, including energy level, optimum internal function, and strength of the immune system. Lately, other major, but more silent players are reported to participate in the body’s response to ingested nutrients, as they are involved in different physiological and pathological processes. Furthermore, the genetic profile of an individual is highly critical in regulating these processes and their interactions. In particular, miR-155, a non-coding microRNA, is reported to be highly correlated with such nutritional processes. In fact, miR-155 is involved in the orchestration of various biological processes such as cellular signaling, immune regulation, metabolism, nutritional responses, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Thus, this review aims to highlight those critical aspects of the influence of dietary components on gene expression, primarily on miR-155 and its role in modulating cancer-associated processes.
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15
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Qi L, Lu Y, Wang Z, Zhang G. microRNA-106b derived from endothelial cell-secreted extracellular vesicles prevents skin wound healing by inhibiting JMJD3 and RIPK3. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4551-4561. [PMID: 33734576 PMCID: PMC8107101 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intriguingly, microRNAs (miRs) transferred as cargo in extracellular vesicles (EVs) can modulate wound healing through their regulation of fibroblast functions. In this study, we investigated the effects of miR‐106b transfer via EVs derived from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) on skin wound healing. Dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay identified that miR‐106b could target and inhibit JMJD3. RT‐qPCR analysis showed EVs isolated from HUVECs had enriched expression of miR‐106b. LL29 fibroblast cells and HaCaT keratinocytes were co‐cultured with HUVEC‐derived EVs, in which miR‐106b had been up‐regulated or down‐regulated by its mimic or inhibitor. The co‐culture with HUVEC‐derived EVs increased miR‐106b expression, and reduced the viability and adhesion of LL29 and HaCaT cells, whereas the inhibition of miR‐106b in HUVEC‐derived EVs enhanced the viability and adhesion of LL29 and HaCaT cells through up‐regulation of JMJD3. Next, we showed that JMJD3 overexpression enhanced LL29 and HaCaT cell viability and adhesion through elevating RIPK3, which induced the phosphorylation of AKT during the wound‐healing process. We next developed a mouse skin wound model to investigate the actions of miR‐106b in vivo after 14 days. The delivery of miR‐106b via HUVEC‐derived EVs delayed wound healing through suppression of collagen I content and angiogenesis, but had no effects on pro‐inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, miR‐106b from HUVEC‐derived EVs inhibits JMJD3 and RIPK3, leading to the inhibition of skin wound healing, thus constituting a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Qi
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yufeng Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaolin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guiyun Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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16
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Serra F, Aielli L, Costantini E. The role of miRNAs in the inflammatory phase of skin wound healing. AIMS ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3934/allergy.2021020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
<abstract>
<p>Wound healing (WH) is a fundamental physiological process to keep the integrity of the skin, therefore impaired and chronic WH is a common and severe medical problem and represent one of the biggest challenges of public health. The resolution of the WH inflammatory phase is characterized by a complex series of events that involves many cellular types, especially neutrophils, macrophages and inflammatory mediators, which are crucial for a correct wound closure. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in wound repair. In fact, miR-142 is linked to inflammation modulating neutrophils' chemotaxis and polarization, while the polarization of M1 toward the M2 phenotype is driven by miR-223 and miR-132 is linked to chemokines and cytokines that activate endothelial cells and attract leukocytes and peripheral cells to the damage site. Thus, understanding the dysregulation of miRNAs in WH will be decisive for the development of new and more effective therapies for the management of chronic wounds.</p>
</abstract>
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17
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Yin X, Xu C, Xu Q, Lang D. Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation by decreasing microRNA‑155 expression levels. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3396-3404. [PMID: 32945419 PMCID: PMC7453611 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) hyperplasia is a common cause of carotid restenosis. In the present study, the potential protective effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in carotid restenosis and the underlying mechanism of its effects were examined. VSMCs were treated with DHA, a polyunsaturated ω-3 fatty acid. Cell migration and proliferation were assessed using wound healing and Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and by measuring Ki-67 protein levels. Additionally, the expression levels of microRNA-155 were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The involvement of microRNA-155 in the regulation of migration and proliferation was evaluated by transfecting VSMCs with microRNA mimics and inhibitors. Moreover, the reversal of migration and proliferation after transfection of VSMCs with the microRNA mimics and subsequent treatment with DHA was investigated. A target gene of microRNA-155 was identified using RT-qPCR and luciferase assays. The migration and proliferation of VSMCs, as well as the expression of microRNA-155 was inhibited by DHA stimulation. MicroRNA-155 regulated the migration and proliferation of VSMCs. Finally, proliferation and migration of VSMCs were reduced following DHA treatment, which was mediated by an increase in the expression levels of microRNA-155. Suppressor of cytokine signalling 1 (Socs1) was the target gene of microRNA-155. In conclusion, DHA inhibited VSMC migration and proliferation by reducing microRNA-155 expression. This effect may be caused by the microRNA-155 target gene Socs1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Yin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Chunbo Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Qiyang Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Dehai Lang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
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