1
|
Kalds P, Zhou S, Huang S, Gao Y, Wang X, Chen Y. When Less Is More: Targeting the Myostatin Gene in Livestock for Augmenting Meat Production. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4216-4227. [PMID: 36862946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
How to increase meat production is one of the main questions in animal breeding. Selection for improved body weight has been made and, due to recent genomic advances, naturally occurring variants that are responsible for controlling economically relevant phenotypes have been revealed. The myostatin (MSTN) gene, a superstar gene in animal breeding, was discovered as a negative controller of muscle mass. In some livestock species, natural mutations in the MSTN gene could generate the agriculturally desirable double-muscling phenotype. However, some other livestock species or breeds lack these desirable variants. Genetic modification, particularly gene editing, offers an unprecedented opportunity to induce or mimic naturally occurring mutations in livestock genomes. To date, various MSTN-edited livestock species have been generated using different gene modification tools. These MSTN gene-edited models have higher growth rates and increased muscle mass, suggesting the high potential of utilizing MSTN gene editing in animal breeding. Additionally, post-editing investigations in most livestock species support the favorable influence of targeting the MSTN gene on meat quantity and quality. In this Review, we provide a collective discussion on targeting the MSTN gene in livestock to further encourage its utilization opportunities. It is expected that, shortly, MSTN gene-edited livestock will be commercialized, and MSTN-edited meat will be on the tables of ordinary customers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kalds
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish 45511, Egypt
| | - Shiwei Zhou
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuhong Huang
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yawei Gao
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yulin Chen
- International Joint Agriculture Research Center for Animal Bio-Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
MSTN Regulatory Network in Mongolian Horse Muscle Satellite Cells Revealed with miRNA Interference Technologies. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101836. [PMID: 36292721 PMCID: PMC9601437 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN), a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, inhibits the activation of muscle satellite cells. However, the role and regulatory network of MSTN in equine muscle cells are not well understood yet. We discovered that MSTN knockdown significantly reduces the proliferation rate of equine muscle satellite cells. In addition, after the RNA sequencing of equine satellite cells transfected with MSTN-interference plasmid and control plasmid, an analysis of the differentially expressed genes was carried out. It was revealed that MSTN regulatory networks mainly involve genes related to muscle function and cell-cycle regulation, and signaling pathways, such as Notch, MAPK, and WNT. Subsequent real-time PCR in equine satellite cells and immunohistochemistry on newborn and adult muscle also verified the MSTN regulatory network found in RNA sequencing analysis. The results of this study provide new insight into the regulatory mechanism of equine MSTN.
Collapse
|
3
|
Lyu M, Shalitana A, Luo J, He H, Sun S, Wang P. Overexpression of the Tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) gene inhibits goat myoblasts proliferation and differentiation in understanding the underlying mechanism of muscle development. Gene 2020; 757:144943. [PMID: 32652105 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The growth of animal skeletal muscle is mainly determined by the synthesis processes of total proteins in skeletal muscle cells, which has a significant impact on the postnatal growth of young animals. An increasing number of studies are focusing on the functions of Tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) during the process of cell protein synthesis and growth. However, it is still unclear the effect of whether and how TSC2 on goat myoblasts proliferation and differentiation. Here, we found that TSC2 gene has opposite expression patterns in proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. An expression vector containing goat TSC2 cDNA sequences linked with pcDNA3.1 plasmid was constructed. Myoblasts proliferation activity was significantly inhibited and cell cycle transition slowed down after the transfection of pcDNA3.1-TSC2 plasmid into goat primary myoblasts by EdU staining, CCK-8 and flow cytometry. Mechanically, we further confirmed that the overexpression TSC2 was able to down-regulate the mRNA and protein expression of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K) and some cell cycle related genes. In addition, the expression of myogenic genes and myotube formation were attenuated. Collectively, all our results of the experiment demonstrate that TSC2 could regulate myoblasts cells proliferation and differentiation via the activation of the mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Alai Shalitana
- Department of Xinjiang Institute for Cancer Research, Xinjiang Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Huanshan He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shuang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bi Y, Feng B, Wang Z, Zhu H, Qu L, Lan X, Pan C, Song X. Myostatin (MSTN) Gene Indel Variation and Its Associations with Body Traits in Shaanbei White Cashmere Goat. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E168. [PMID: 31963797 PMCID: PMC7022945 DOI: 10.3390/ani10010168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) gene, also known as growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta super-family and plays a negative role in muscle development. It acts as key points during pre- and post-natal life of amniotes that ultimately determine the overall muscle mass of animals. There are several studies that concentrate on the effect of a 5 bp insertion/deletion (indel) within the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of goat MSTN gene in goats. However, almost all sample sizes were below 150 individuals. Only in Boer goats, the sample sizes reached 482. Hence, whether the 5 bp indel was still associated with the growth traits of goats in large sample sizes which were more reliable is not clear. To find an effective and dependable DNA marker for goat rearing, we first enlarged the sample sizes (n = 1074, Shaanbei White Cashmere goat) which would enhance the robustness of the analysis and did the association analyses between the 5 bp indel and growth traits. Results uncovered that the 5 bp indel was significantly related to body height, height at hip cross, and chest width index (p < 0.05). In addition, individuals with DD genotype had a superior growing performance than those with the ID genotype. These findings suggested that the 5 bp indel in MSTN gene are significantly associated with growth traits and the specific genotype might be promising for maker-assisted selection (MAS) of goats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Bi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.B.); (B.F.); (Z.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Bo Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.B.); (B.F.); (Z.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.B.); (B.F.); (Z.W.); (X.L.)
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China; (H.Z.); (L.Q.)
- Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Haijing Zhu
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China; (H.Z.); (L.Q.)
- Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Lei Qu
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China; (H.Z.); (L.Q.)
- Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.B.); (B.F.); (Z.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Chuanying Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.B.); (B.F.); (Z.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaoyue Song
- Shaanxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center of Cashmere Goats, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China; (H.Z.); (L.Q.)
- Life Science Research Center, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Torres-Velarde J, Llera-Herrera R, Ibarra-Castro L, García-Gasca T, García-Gasca A. Post-transcriptional silencing of myostatin-1 in the spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus) promotes muscle hypertrophy. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:443-450. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05147-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
6
|
Kalds P, Zhou S, Cai B, Liu J, Wang Y, Petersen B, Sonstegard T, Wang X, Chen Y. Sheep and Goat Genome Engineering: From Random Transgenesis to the CRISPR Era. Front Genet 2019; 10:750. [PMID: 31552084 PMCID: PMC6735269 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sheep and goats are valuable livestock species that have been raised for their production of meat, milk, fiber, and other by-products. Due to their suitable size, short gestation period, and abundant secretion of milk, sheep and goats have become important model animals in agricultural, pharmaceutical, and biomedical research. Genome engineering has been widely applied to sheep and goat research. Pronuclear injection and somatic cell nuclear transfer represent the two primary procedures for the generation of genetically modified sheep and goats. Further assisted tools have emerged to enhance the efficiency of genetic modification and to simplify the generation of genetically modified founders. These tools include sperm-mediated gene transfer, viral vectors, RNA interference, recombinases, transposons, and endonucleases. Of these tools, the four classes of site-specific endonucleases (meganucleases, ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPRs) have attracted wide attention due to their DNA double-strand break-inducing role, which enable desired DNA modifications based on the stimulation of native cellular DNA repair mechanisms. Currently, CRISPR systems dominate the field of genome editing. Gene-edited sheep and goats, generated using these tools, provide valuable models for investigations on gene functions, improving animal breeding, producing pharmaceuticals in milk, improving animal disease resistance, recapitulating human diseases, and providing hosts for the growth of human organs. In addition, more promising derivative tools of CRISPR systems have emerged such as base editors which enable the induction of single-base alterations without any requirements for homology-directed repair or DNA donor. These precise editors are helpful for revealing desirable phenotypes and correcting genetic diseases controlled by single bases. This review highlights the advances of genome engineering in sheep and goats over the past four decades with particular emphasis on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kalds
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish, Egypt
| | - Shiwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bjoern Petersen
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany
| | | | - Xiaolong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao Z, Yu X, Jia J, Yang G, Sun C, Li W. miR-181b-5p May Regulate Muscle Growth in Tilapia by Targeting Myostatin b. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:812. [PMID: 31849840 PMCID: PMC6902659 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Myostatin (Mstn), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass in mammals. Precise regulation of Mstn expression is important for somite growth in fish. MicroRNA (miRNA), a type of small non-coding RNA, regulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and participates in various physiological functions. A growing amount of evidence has emphasized the importance of miRNA in the development of skeletal muscle. Aims: This study aims to study how miRNAs regulate myostatin b (mstnb) post-transcriptionally in tilapia. Methods/Results: Mstnb 3' UTR sequences were obtained, and the results of tissue distribution showed that mstnb was expressed in several tissues, including brain, white muscle, gut, and adipose tissue. A total of 1,992 miRNAs were predicted to target mstnb in tilapia using bioinformatics, and a dual-luciferase reporter experiment confirmed that miR-181a/b-5p, miR-30-3p, miR-200a, and miR-27a were the target miRNAs of mstnb. Mutagenesis of the miR-181b-5p binding sites of mstnb significantly increased the luciferase signal compared to the wild-type mstnb. In tilapia primary muscle cells, overexpression of miR-181b-5p led to the downregulation of MSTNb expression, and the inhibitory effect of MSTNb on the downstream genes was dismissed, while inhibition of miR-181b-5p could reverse these phenomena. Conclusion: Taken together, our results suggested that miR-181b-5p could promote the growth of skeletal muscle by decreasing the MSTNb protein level in tilapia.
Collapse
|
8
|
Hulmi JJ, Nissinen TA, Räsänen M, Degerman J, Lautaoja JH, Hemanthakumar KA, Backman JT, Ritvos O, Silvennoinen M, Kivelä R. Prevention of chemotherapy-induced cachexia by ACVR2B ligand blocking has different effects on heart and skeletal muscle. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:417-432. [PMID: 29230965 PMCID: PMC5879968 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxicity of chemotherapy on skeletal muscles and the heart may significantly contribute to cancer cachexia, mortality, and decreased quality of life. Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective cytostatic agent, which unfortunately has toxic effects on many healthy tissues. Blocking of activin receptor type IIB (ACVR2B) ligands is an often used strategy to prevent skeletal muscle loss, but its effects on the heart are relatively unknown. METHODS The effects of DOX treatment with or without pre-treatment with soluble ACVR2B-Fc (sACVR2B-Fc) were investigated. The mice were randomly assigned into one of the three groups: (1) vehicle (PBS)-treated controls, (2) DOX-treated mice (DOX), and (3) DOX-treated mice administered with sACVR2B-Fc during the experiment (DOX + sACVR2B-Fc). DOX was administered with a cumulative dose of 24 mg/kg during 2 weeks to investigate cachexia outcome in the heart and skeletal muscle. To understand similarities and differences between skeletal and cardiac muscles in their responses to chemotherapy, the tissues were collected 20 h after a single DOX (15 mg/kg) injection and analysed with genome-wide transcriptomics and mRNA and protein analyses. The combination group was pre-treated with sACVR2B-Fc 48 h before DOX administration. Major findings were also studied in mice receiving only sACVR2B-Fc. RESULTS The DOX treatment induced similar (~10%) wasting in skeletal muscle and the heart. However, transcriptional changes in response to DOX were much greater in skeletal muscle. Pathway analysis and unbiased transcription factor analysis showed that p53-p21-REDD1 is the main common pathway activated by DOX in both skeletal and cardiac muscles. These changes were attenuated by blocking ACVR2B ligands especially in skeletal muscle. Tceal7 (3-fold to 5-fold increase), transferrin receptor (1.5-fold increase), and Ccl21 (0.6-fold to 0.9-fold decrease) were identified as novel genes responsive to blocking ACVR2B ligands. Overall, at the transcriptome level, ACVR2B ligand blocking had only minor influence in the heart while it had marked effects in skeletal muscle. The same was also true for the effects on tissue wasting. This may be explained in part by about 18-fold higher gene expression of myostatin in skeletal muscle compared with the heart. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac and skeletal muscles display similar atrophy after DOX treatment, but the mechanisms for this may differ between the tissues. The present results suggest that p53-p21-REDD1 signalling is the main common DOX-activated pathway in these tissues and that blocking activin receptor ligands attenuates this response, especially in skeletal muscle supporting the overall stronger effects of this treatment in skeletal muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juha J Hulmi
- Biology of Physical Activity, Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuuli A Nissinen
- Biology of Physical Activity, Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Markus Räsänen
- Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joni Degerman
- Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juulia H Lautaoja
- Biology of Physical Activity, Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Karthik Amudhala Hemanthakumar
- Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne T Backman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Ritvos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Silvennoinen
- Biology of Physical Activity, Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Riikka Kivelä
- Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Su X, Cui K, Du S, Li H, Lu F, Shi D, Liu Q. Efficient genome editing in cultured cells and embryos of Debao pig and swamp buffalo using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:375-383. [PMID: 29556895 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0236-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN), a protein encoded by growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), is primarily expressed in skeletal muscle and negatively regulates the development and regeneration of muscle. Accordingly, myostatin-deficient animals exhibit a double-muscling phenotype. The CRISPR/Cas9 system has proven to be an efficient genome-editing tool and has been applied to gene modification in cells from many model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster, zebrafish, mouse, rat, sheep, and human. Here, we edited the GDF8 gene in fibroblasts and embryos of Debao pig and swamp buffalo using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation efficiency in fibroblasts was as high as 87.5% in pig and 78.9% in buffalo. We then obtained single-cell clones with mutations at the specific sites of the GDF8 gene by screening with G418 in fibroblasts of pig and buffalo. In addition, the frequencies of Cas9/gRNA-mediated mutations were at 36 and 25% in the intracytoplasmic sperm injection embryos of pig and in vitro fertilization embryos of buffalo, respectively. Our work demonstrates that the Cas9/gRNA system is a highly efficient and fast tool for genome editing in cultured cells and embryos of Debao pig and swamp buffalo. These results can be helpful for the establishment of a new animal strain that can generate more meat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Su
- Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Kuiqing Cui
- Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Shanshan Du
- Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Fenghua Lu
- Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Deshun Shi
- Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Qingyou Liu
- Animal Reproduction Institute, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kumar R, Singh SP, Mitra A. Short-hairpin Mediated Myostatin Knockdown Resulted in Altered Expression of Myogenic Regulatory Factors with Enhanced Myoblast Proliferation in Fetal Myoblast Cells of Goats. Anim Biotechnol 2017; 29:59-67. [PMID: 28358646 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2017.1299744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) is a well-known negative regulator of skeletal muscle development. Reduced expression due to natural mutations in the coding region and knockout as well as knockdown of MSTN results in an increase in the muscle mass. In the present study, we demonstrated as high as 60 and 52% downregulation (p < 0.01) of MSTN mRNA and protein in the primary fetal myoblast cells of goats using synthetic shRNAs (n = 3), without any interferon response. We, for the first time, evaluated the effect of MSTN knockdown on the expression of MRFs (namely, MyoD, Myf5), follistatin (FST), and IGFs (IGF-1 & IGF-2) in goat myoblast cells. MSTN knockdown caused an upregulation (p < 0.05) of MyoD and downregulation (p < 0.01) of MYf5 and FST expression. Moreover, we report up to ∼four fold (p < 0.001) enhanced proliferation in myoblasts after four days of culture. The anti-MSTN shRNA demonstrated in the present study could be used for the production of transgenic goats to increase the muscle mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- a Genome Analysis Laboratory, Animal Genetics Division , ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar , Bareilly , India
| | - Satyendra Pal Singh
- a Genome Analysis Laboratory, Animal Genetics Division , ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar , Bareilly , India
| | - Abhijit Mitra
- a Genome Analysis Laboratory, Animal Genetics Division , ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar , Bareilly , India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tao Z, Zhu C, Song C, Song W, Ji G, Shan Y, Xu W, Li H. Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference of myostatin gene affects MyoD and Myf5 gene expression in duck embryonic myoblasts. Br Poult Sci 2015; 56:551-8. [PMID: 26301941 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2015.1085958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to construct lentivirus-mediated short hairpin RNA (shRNA) vectors targeting the duck MSTN gene and investigate whether these vectors can affect the development of duck primary cultured embryonic myoblasts. MSTN mRNA levels in the myoblasts were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assays and cell differentiation was assayed by photography. MSTN mRNA levels in PLL3.7-MSTN-shRNA1, PLL3.7-MSTN-shRNA2 and PLL3.7-MSTN-shRNA3 lentivirus-mediated shRNA groups were reduced by 61.6%, 76.9% and 79.1%, respectively, compared to control cells. Down-regulation of MSTN in duck embryonic myoblasts stimulated cell proliferation and inhibited differentiation, accompanied by a greater than twofold down-regulation of MyoD expression and up-regulation of Myf5 expression. These results revealed that silencing of MSTN changes the development of duck embryonic myoblasts by regulating the expression level of MyoD and Myf5 genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Tao
- a Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Genetics & Breeding , Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences , Yangzhou , P.R. China
| | - C Zhu
- a Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Genetics & Breeding , Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences , Yangzhou , P.R. China
| | - C Song
- a Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Genetics & Breeding , Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences , Yangzhou , P.R. China
| | - W Song
- a Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Genetics & Breeding , Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences , Yangzhou , P.R. China
| | - G Ji
- a Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Genetics & Breeding , Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences , Yangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Y Shan
- a Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Genetics & Breeding , Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences , Yangzhou , P.R. China
| | - W Xu
- a Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Genetics & Breeding , Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences , Yangzhou , P.R. China
| | - H Li
- a Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Poultry Genetics & Breeding , Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences , Yangzhou , P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Patel AK, Shah RK, Parikh IK, Joshi CG. Goat activin receptor type IIB knockdown by artificial microRNAs in vitro. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 174:424-36. [PMID: 25080379 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1071-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Activin receptor type IIB (ACVR2B) has been known to negatively regulate the muscle growth through mediating the action of transforming growth factor beta superfamily ligands. Recently, the artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs) which are processed by endogenous miRNA processing machinery have been proposed as promising approach for efficient gene knockdown. We evaluated amiRNAs targeting goat ACVR2B in HEK293T and goat myoblasts cells. The amiRNAs were designed based on the miR-155 backbone and cloned in 5'- and 3'-UTR of GFP reporter gene under the CMV promoter. Although both 5'- and 3'-UTR-amiRNAs vectors showed efficient synthesis of GFP transcripts, amiRNAs in 5'-UTR drastically affected GFP protein synthesis in transfected goat myoblast cells. Among the four amiRNAs targeting ACVR2B derived from either 5'- or 3'-UTR, ami318 showed highest silencing efficiency against exogenously co-expressed ACVR2B in both 293T and goat myoblast cells whereas ami204 showed highest silencing efficiency against endogenous ACVR2B in goat myoblasts cells. The 3'-UTR-derived amiRNA exerted higher knockdown efficiency against endogenous ACVR2B at transcript level whereas 5'-UTR-derived amiRNAs exerted higher knockdown efficiency at protein level. The expression of ACVR2B showed positive correlation with the expression of MYOD (r = 0.744; p = 0.009) and MYOG (r = 0.959; p = 0.000) in the amiRNA-transfected myoblasts. Although both 5'- and 3'-UTR-amiRNA vectors led to substantial induction of interferon response, the magnitude of the response was found to be higher with the 3'-UTR-amiRNA vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amrutlal K Patel
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|