1
|
Zhang H, Wang J, Meng X, Shu B, Yuan C, Xie X, Liao Z, Jiang X, Chen B, Lin X, Wei X, Leng X, Lu S, Shi Q, Kan H, Tang D, Cai J, Wang Y. Parathyroid hormone mediates the adverse impact of air pollution exposure on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D: A nationwide cross-sectional study in China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 263:120063. [PMID: 39341536 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.120063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maintaining normal levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and parathyroid hormone (PTH) is crucial for preserving skeletal health. However, evidence regarding the associations of exposure to air pollution with serum 25(OH)D and PTH were limited and ambiguous. Hence, the objective of this cross-sectional study was to systematically evaluate the association between air pollution [particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and ozone (O3)] exposure and serum 25(OH)D and PTH levels in males aged 50 and above and postmenopausal female. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is multicenter, cross-sectional study within the framework of the ongoing China Community-based Cohort of Osteoporosis. The 1-year-average PM2.5 and O3 exposures prior to the baseline survey were estimated using random forest models with relatively high accuracy. Multiple linear regression models were employed to assess the associations between PM2.5 and O3 concentrations with the serum levels of 25(OH)D and PTH. Furthermore, mediation analysis was performed to scrutinize the potential mediating role of PTH in the interplay between PM2.5, O3, and serum 25(OH)D. RESULTS A total of 13194 participants were included. Our analysis showed that every 10 μg/m3 increase in the 1-year average PM2.5, were associated with -0.32 units (95% CI: 0.48, -0.17) of change in the 25(OH)D and 0.15 units (95% CI: 0.11, 0.19) of change in the PTH, respectively. Every 10 μg/m3 increase in the 1-year average O3, were associated with -0.78 units (95% CI: 1.05, -0.51) of change in the 25(OH)D and 0.50 units (95% CI: 0.43, 0.57) of change in the PTH, respectively. Estimates of the mediation ratio indicated that increased PTH mediated a 50.48% negative correlation between PM2.5 exposure and circulating 25(OH)D level. Increased PTH mediated 69.61% of the negative effects of O3 exposure on circulating 25(OH)D level. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PM2.5 and O3 significantly diminished 25(OH)D while elevating PTH levels. Notably, the elevated PTH concentration partially mediates the associations between PM2.5 and O3 exposure and 25(OH)D level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xia Meng
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bing Shu
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chunchun Yuan
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xingwen Xie
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730099, China
| | - Zhangyu Liao
- Ganzhou Nankang District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ganzhou, 341499, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Bolai Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xinchao Lin
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 101121, China
| | - Xu Wei
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Xiangyang Leng
- Hospital Affiliated to Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Sheng Lu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dezhi Tang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jing Cai
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203, China; Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang H, Shi B, Yuan C, Huang C, Huang T, Liao Z, Zhu W, Zhong W, Xu H, Ji J, Cai F, Chen Y, Sun P, Zeng X, Yang Z, Wang J, Shu B, Liang Q, Shi Q, Xu C, Tang D, Wang Y. Correlation between the non-use of cooking oil fume extractors and bone mineral density in population aged 45 years and older in China: a cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1280429. [PMID: 38239978 PMCID: PMC10794737 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1280429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The correlation between the non-use of cooking oil fumes (COFs) extractors and bone mineral density (BMD) have not been clarified. Consequently, this study attempted to explore the impact of non-use COFs extractors on BMD in population aged 45 years and older based on a cross-sectional study. Methods This study was a cross-sectional study within the framework of an ongoing prospective population-based cohort study in China. The multivariate linear regression models were used to evaluate the correlation between the non-use of fume extractors in family cooking and total lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN), total hip BMD and levels of bone metabolism markers. Results A total of 3433 participants were included in the final analyses, of which 2607 (75.93%) participants used fume extractors. The results of models indicated that there were significant correlations of the non-use of fume extractors on total LS BMD (β = -0.024, 95% CI, -0.036, -0.012, p < 0.001), PINP (β = 4.363, 95% CI, 2.371, 6.356, p < 0.001) and ALP (β = 4.555, 95% CI, 2.593, 6.517, p < 0.001) levels. Conclusions This study verified that the use of fume extractors is an efficacious measure to prevent LS bone loss. For the sake of public bone health, people should install a fume extractor in the kitchen and use it routinely when cooking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binhao Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunchun Yuan
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingrui Huang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangyu Liao
- Ganzhou Nankang District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Zhu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Ganzhou Nankang District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Xu
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangxun Ji
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feihong Cai
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pan Sun
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianhui Zeng
- Ganzhou Nankang District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhiwu Yang
- Ganzhou Nankang District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Shu
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Liang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanglong Xu
- Ningxia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Yinchuan, China
| | - Dezhi Tang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Spine Institute, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hu X, Zhao Y, He T, Gao ZX, Zhang P, Fang Y, Ge M, Xu YQ, Pan HF, Wang P. Causal Relationships between Air Pollutant Exposure and Bone Mineral Density and the Risk of Bone Fractures: Evidence from a Two-Stage Mendelian Randomization Analysis. TOXICS 2023; 12:27. [PMID: 38250984 PMCID: PMC10820864 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
A number of studies from the literature have suggested that exposure to air pollutants is associated with a declined bone mineral density (BMD), and increased risks of osteoporosis (OP) and bone fractures. This study was performed to systemically assess the genetically causal associations of air pollutants with site-/age-specific BMD and risk of bone fractures with the implementation of two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR). The TSMR analysis was implemented to infer the causal associations between air pollutants and BMD and the risk of bone fractures, additional MVMR analysis was used to further estimate the direct causal effects between air pollutants and BMD, the occurrence of OP, and bone fractures. The results showed that NOx exposure contributed to lower femoral neck BMD (FN-BMD) (β = -0.71, 95%CI: -1.22, -0.20, p = 0.006) and total body BMD (TB-BMD) (β = -0.55, 95%CI: -0.90, -0.21, p = 0.002). Additionally, exposure to PM10 was found to be associated with a decreased TB-BMD (B β = -0.42, 95%CI: -0.66, -0.18, p = 0.001), further age-specific subgroup analysis demonstrated the causal effect of PM10 exposure on the decreased TB-BMD in a subgroup aged 45 to 60 years (β = -0.70, 95%CI: -1.12, -0.29, p = 0.001). Moreover, the findings of the MVMR analysis implied that there was a direct causal effect between PM10 exposure and the decreased TB-BMD (45 < age < 60), after adjusting for PM2.5 and PM2.5 -10 exposure. Our study provides additional evidence to support the causal associations of higher concentrations of air pollutant exposure with decreased BMD, especially in those populations aged between 45 to 60 years, suggesting that early intervention measures and public policy should be considered to improve public health awareness and promote bone health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China;
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (Y.Z.); (T.H.); (Z.-X.G.); (P.Z.); (Y.F.); (M.G.); (Y.-Q.X.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (Y.Z.); (T.H.); (Z.-X.G.); (P.Z.); (Y.F.); (M.G.); (Y.-Q.X.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tian He
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (Y.Z.); (T.H.); (Z.-X.G.); (P.Z.); (Y.F.); (M.G.); (Y.-Q.X.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhao-Xing Gao
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (Y.Z.); (T.H.); (Z.-X.G.); (P.Z.); (Y.F.); (M.G.); (Y.-Q.X.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (Y.Z.); (T.H.); (Z.-X.G.); (P.Z.); (Y.F.); (M.G.); (Y.-Q.X.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yang Fang
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (Y.Z.); (T.H.); (Z.-X.G.); (P.Z.); (Y.F.); (M.G.); (Y.-Q.X.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Man Ge
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (Y.Z.); (T.H.); (Z.-X.G.); (P.Z.); (Y.F.); (M.G.); (Y.-Q.X.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yi-Qing Xu
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (Y.Z.); (T.H.); (Z.-X.G.); (P.Z.); (Y.F.); (M.G.); (Y.-Q.X.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (Y.Z.); (T.H.); (Z.-X.G.); (P.Z.); (Y.F.); (M.G.); (Y.-Q.X.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Teaching Center for Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China;
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; (Y.Z.); (T.H.); (Z.-X.G.); (P.Z.); (Y.F.); (M.G.); (Y.-Q.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ceolin G, Antunes LDC, Moretti M, Rieger DK, Moreira JD. Vitamin D and depression in older adults: lessons learned from observational and clinical studies. Nutr Res Rev 2023; 36:259-280. [PMID: 35022097 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422422000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a mental disorder triggered by the interaction of social, psychological and biological factors that have an important impact on an individual's life. Despite being a well-studied disease with several established forms of treatment, its prevalence is increasing, especially among older adults. New forms of treatment and prevention are encouraged, and some researchers have been discussing the effects of vitamin D (VitD) on depression; however, the exact mechanism by which VitD exerts its effects is not yet conclusive. In this study, we aimed to discuss the possible mechanisms underlying the association between VitD and depression in older adults. Therefore, we conducted a systematic search of databases for indexed articles published until 30 April 2021. The primary focus was on both observational studies documenting the association between VitD and depression/depressive symptoms, and clinical trials documenting the effects of VitD supplementation on depression/depressive symptoms, especially in older adults. Based on pre-clinical, clinical and observational studies, it is suggested that the maintenance of adequate VitD concentrations is an important issue, especially in older adults, which are a risk population for both VitD deficiency and depression. Nevertheless, it is necessary to carry out more studies using longitudinal approaches in low- and middle-income countries to develop a strong source of evidence to formulate guidelines and interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilciane Ceolin
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Nutritional Neuroscience working Group, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luciana da Conceição Antunes
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Nutritional Neuroscience working Group, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Morgana Moretti
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Débora Kurrle Rieger
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Nutritional Neuroscience working Group, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Júlia Dubois Moreira
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Nutritional Neuroscience working Group, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dhakal GP, Sharma KP, Bajgai GP, Sharma TR, Bajgai TM, Tenzin J, Dhakal B, Chhetri V, Pokhrel HP. Vitamin D Status among the Population Visiting Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Bhutan. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2023; 27:436-439. [PMID: 38107740 PMCID: PMC10723616 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_318_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the vitamin D status among the Bhutanese population visiting the Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital in Thimphu, Bhutan. Materials and Methods This is a retrospective descriptive study involving the extraction of data from a hospital database. Records of Bhutanese patients who had taken vitamin D tests in the last two years (2020-2021) were included in the study. Result A total of 1175 individuals took the vitamin D test during the study period, and the age ranged between 1 day and 94 years. Over 60% of the participants were females. The study found that over 83% of our study population had serum vitamin D levels lower than the normal range/deficient. Around 18% of the participants had severe deficiency. Conclusion The study found that most participants, including children, had vitamin D deficiency, and the finding was homogenous across gender and age groups. Further studies are required to validate these findings and identify the factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in the population for targeted public health interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guru P. Dhakal
- Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | | | - Gyan P. Bajgai
- Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Tulsi R. Sharma
- Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Tika M. Bajgai
- Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Jigme Tenzin
- Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Baehat Dhakal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishal Chhetri
- Royal Centre for Disease Control, Serbithang, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Hari P. Pokhrel
- Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tian Y, Hu Y, Hou X, Tian F. Impacts and mechanisms of PM 2.5 on bone. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2023; 0:reveh-2023-0024. [PMID: 37527559 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2023-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease, which is characterized by a decreased bone mass and deterioration of bone microstructure, resulting in increased bone fragility and a higher risk of fracture. The main pathological process of osteoporosis is the dynamic imbalance between bone absorption and bone formation, which can be caused by various factors such as air pollution. Particulate matter (PM)2.5 refers to the fine particles in the atmosphere, which are small in volume and large in specific surface area. These particles are prone to carrying toxic substances and have negative effects on several extrapulmonary organs, including bones. In this review, we present relevant data from studies, which show that PM2.5 is associated with abnormal bone turnover and osteoporosis. PM2.5 may cause or aggravate bone loss by stimulating an inflammatory response, inducing oxidative damage, reducing estrogen efficiency by competitive binding to estrogen receptors, or endocrine disorder mediated by binding with aromatic hydrocarbon receptors, and affecting the synthesis of vitamin D to reduce calcium absorption. The cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in these processes are also summarized in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Tian
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Yunpeng Hu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoli Hou
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Faming Tian
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Piovani D, Brunetta E, Bonovas S. UV radiation and air pollution as drivers of major autoimmune conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 224:115449. [PMID: 36764434 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases comprise a very heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by disruptive immune responses against self-antigens, chronic morbidity and increased mortality. The incidence and prevalence of major autoimmune conditions are particularly high in the western world, at northern latitudes, and in industrialized countries. This study will mainly focus on five major autoimmune conditions, namely type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and autoimmune thyroid disorders. Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests a protective role of sunlight exposure on the etiology of major autoimmune conditions mediated by the endogenous production of vitamin D and nitric oxide. A historical perspective shows how the rise of anthropogenic air pollutants is temporally associated with dramatic increases in incidence of these conditions. The scattering caused by ambient particulate matter and the presence of tropospheric ozone can reduce the endogenous production of vitamin D and nitric oxide, which are implicated in maintaining the immune homeostasis. Air pollutants have direct detrimental effects on the human body and are deemed responsible of an increasingly higher portion of the annual burden of human morbidity and mortality. Air pollution contributes in systemic inflammation, activates oxidative pathways, induces epigenetic alterations, and modulates the function and phenotype of dendritic cells, Tregs, and T-cells. In this review, we provide epidemiological and mechanistic insights regarding the role of UV-mediated effects in immunity and how anthropic-derived air pollution may affect major autoimmune conditions through direct and indirect mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Piovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Enrico Brunetta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefanos Bonovas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hashemipour M, Maracy M, Javanmard SH, Zamaneh F, Mostofizadeh N, Hovsepian S. Trends in incidence rates of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus: A retrospective study in Isfahan province, Iran. J Diabetes Investig 2023; 14:376-386. [PMID: 36695001 PMCID: PMC9951581 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION We aimed to determine the incidence trend of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus in Isfahan province over a period of 12 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, children aged <20 years at the time of type 1 diabetes mellitus diagnosis, from March 2007 to March 2019, were included. The crude and adjusted incidence rate of type 1 diabetes mellitus is calculated as the number of cases per 100,000 person-years by the period. The cumulative, age- and sex-specific incidence rates were also calculated. Age-specific incidence rates were calculated for age and sex groups. RESULTS A total of 1,954 (983 boys and 971 girls) cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus were identified. The mean age at diagnosis in all studied populations was 9.89 (standard deviation 4.76). There were no significant differences between the proportion of boys and girls in different years (P = 0.12) and different age groups (P = 0.19). The average annual percent change of incidence rate for the total population, for girls and boys, was 6.9%, 6.7% and 6.3% respectively. The type 1 diabetes mellitus incidence rate had a significant trend to be increased from 2007 to 2019 (P < 0.001, t = 3.6). CONCLUSION Our findings showed that currently our region is considered a region with a high incidence rate of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Although we have had fluctuations in the incidence rate over the 12 years, the overall trend is increasing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Hashemipour
- Metabolic Liver Diseases Research Center, Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research CenterIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Mohammadreza Maracy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of HealthIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | | | - Farzane Zamaneh
- Metabolic Liver Diseases Research CenterIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Neda Mostofizadeh
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Imam Hossein Children's HospitalIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Silva Hovsepian
- Metabolic Liver Diseases Research Center, Imam Hossein Children's HospitalIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Adiposity and physical activity are among the main determinants of serum vitamin D concentrations in older adults: the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study. Nutr Res 2023; 111:59-72. [PMID: 36827757 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The identification of factors associated with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D) concentration can help suggest more specific interventions for older adults. In this cross-sectional study of older adults from southern Brazil, we hypothesized that some sociodemographic, behavioral, and health factors positively or negatively influence the 25(OH)D concentration in this population. This analysis was performed using data from the second wave of the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study (2013-2015). Serum 25(OH)D levels were classified according to the guidelines of the Endocrine Society. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to evaluate the relative risks of sociodemographic, behavioral, and health factors in each 25(OH)D category. A total of 574 older adults (aged 63-93 years) participated in this study. The prevalence of insufficiency (21-29 ng/mL) was 43.7% and that of deficiency (≤20 ng/mL) was 23.5%. In the adjusted analysis, female sex, higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C ≥160 mg/dL), obesity by adiposity (body fat percentage [%fat], male ≥31%; female ≥43%), and body mass index (BMI, >30 kg/m2) presented higher relative risks for insufficiency than for sufficiency. For those with deficiency, the associated factors were female sex, disability in 4 or more activities of daily living (ADLs), LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL, and obesity by %fat and BMI. A protective factor against insufficiency and deficiency was active leisure-time physical activity (PA, ≥150 min/week). Our results demonstrated that being female and having modifiable factors, such as high levels of LDL-C, obesity, and disability on ADLs, were negatively associated with hypovitaminosis D. On the other hand, leisure-time PA was positively associated with adequate serum vitamin D concentration.
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim HJ, Kim HS, Kim S, Hwang J, Lee H, Park B, Kim B. Effects of vitamin D on associations between air pollution and mental health outcomes in Korean adults: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). J Affect Disord 2023; 320:390-396. [PMID: 36183827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that low individual vitamin D levels enhance adverse effects associated with air pollution on mental health conditions. The aim of this study was to identify associations between ambient air pollution exposure, mental health, and serum vitamin D status in the general population of South Korea. METHODS We included national representative data for 29,373 adults in the final analysis. We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations to assess vitamin D status for each participant. We assessed mental health factors (i.e., perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation), and analyzed associations between these factors and individuals' annual average exposures to air pollutants, including particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide (CO). RESULTS Using an adjusted model, we found PM10 affected mental health outcomes, such as perceived stress (odds ratio [OR] = 1.04; 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.00-1.09), depression symptoms (OR = 1.12; 95 % CI = 1.06-1.18), and suicidal ideation (OR = 1.11; 95 % CI = 1.05-1.17). Effects of the pollutants NO2 and CO were significant only in the group with perceived stress and depressive symptoms. PM10 and NO2 exposures were significantly associated with increased odds of adverse mental health in participants with vitamin D deficiency. LIMITATIONS Since the cross-sectional design of KNHANES data, it is not possible to evaluate the causal relationship between air pollution exposure, vitamin D status and mental health. CONCLUSIONS This study results suggest that associations between ambient air pollution and mental health outcomes were stronger in participants with vitamin D deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea; National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Seon Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyoung Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Hwang
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Lee
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohyun Park
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungmi Kim
- National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea; National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang Y, Li R, Cai M, Wang X, Li H, Wu Y, Chen L, Zou H, Zhang Z, Li H, Lin H. Ambient air pollution, bone mineral density and osteoporosis: Results from a national population-based cohort study. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136871. [PMID: 36244420 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Evidence concerning the associations of ambient air pollution exposure with bone mineral density and osteoporosis has been mixed. We conducted cross-sectional and prospective analysis of the associations between air pollution exposure and osteoporosis using data from UK Biobank study. Estimated bone mineral density (eBMD) of each participant at baseline survey was calculated using quantitative ultrasound data, and incident osteoporosis cases were identified during the follow-up period according to health-related records. Air pollution concentrations were assessed using land use regression models. We fitted multivariable linear and logistic regression models to estimate the associations of air pollution with eBMD and osteoporosis prevalence at baseline. We applied cox proportional hazard regression models to assess the relationships between air pollution and osteoporosis incidence. Among the 341,311 participants at baseline, higher air pollution exposure was associated with lower eBMD levels and increased odds of osteoporosis prevalence. For example, an IQR increase in PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance, PM10, NO2 and NOx levels were associated with 0.0018 (95% CI: 0.0012, 0.0023) to 0.0052 (95% CI: 0.0046, 0.0058) g/cm2 decrease in eBMD. A total of 330,988 participants without osteoporosis were followed up for an average of 12.0 years. We identified 8105 incident osteoporosis cases (456 cases with pathological fracture and 7634 cases without pathological fracture) during the follow-up. The hazard ratios for an interquartile range increase in PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance, PM10, NO2 and NOx were 1.09 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.12), 1.04 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.07), 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.07), 1.07 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.10), and 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.09), respectively. Our study suggests that ambient air pollution might be a risk factor of decreased bone mineral density and osteoporosis incidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Miao Cai
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Haopeng Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yinglin Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hongtao Zou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518061, China
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang H, Zhu A, Liu L, Zeng Y, Liu R, Ma Z, Liu M, Bi J, Ji JS. Assessing the effects of ultraviolet radiation, residential greenness and air pollution on vitamin D levels: A longitudinal cohort study in China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 169:107523. [PMID: 36137427 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D metabolism is essential in aging and can be affected by multiple environmental factors. However, most studies conducted single exposure analyses. We aim to assess the individual and combined effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, residential greenness, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and ozone (O3) on vitamin D levels in a national cohort study of older adults in China. We used the 2012 and 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey data, and measured the environmental exposure in the same year. We interpolated the UV radiation from monitoring stations, measured residential greenness through satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), modeled PM2.5 with satellite data, and estimated O3 using machine learning. We dichotomized serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D), the primary circulating form of vitamin D, into non-deficiency (≥50 nmol/L) and deficiency (<50 nmol/L) categories. We used the generalized estimating equation for analysis, adjusted for sociodemographic information, lifestyle, physical condition, and season of blood draw, and calculated joint odds ratios based on the Cumulative Risk Index. We also explored the interaction between interested exposures, modification of participants' characteristics, and potential mediation. We included 1,336 participants, with a mean age of 83 at baseline. In single exposure models, the odds ratios of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) for per interquartile range increase in UV radiation, NDVI, PM2.5, and O3 and decrease were 0.39 (95 % CI:0.33,0.46), 0.90 (0.81,1.00), 1.65 (1.53,1.78), 1.67 (1.46,1.92), respectively. UV radiation mediated nearly 48 % and 78 % of the relationship between VDD and PM2.5 and O3, respectively. The association between UV radiation and VDD was stronger in females than men (OR: 2.25 vs 1.22). UV radiation, residential greenness can protect against VDD, while, PM2.5 and O3 increase the risk of VDD. UV radiation partly mediated the association between air pollution and VDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haofan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Anna Zhu
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (D.K.F.Z.), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Linxin Liu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, Raissun Institute for Advanced Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
| | - Riyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zongwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jun Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - John S Ji
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Particulate matter may have a limited influence on maternal vitamin D levels. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16807. [PMID: 36207476 PMCID: PMC9546910 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21383-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence for an association between the amount of particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere and vitamin D status of pregnant women is limited. We aimed to examine the independent association between PM and maternal levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) during the second trimester and to explore possible modifications to the association by meteorological factors. 27,768 pregnant women presenting for prenatal examination who were tested for serum 25OHD concentration during the second trimester between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020, were included in this retrospective analysis. Exposure to PM was evaluated based on daily average PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤ 10 μm (PM10). Corresponding meteorological data for daily average atmospheric temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, sunshine duration, and wind speed were collected. The maximum cumulative effects of PM2.5 occurred at lag 45 days, and the maximum cumulative effects of PM10 occurred at lag 60 days. In crude models, 45-day moving daily average PM2.5 concentrations were negatively associated with 25OHD levels (β, − 0.20; 95% CI − 0.21 to − 0.19), as were 60-day moving daily average PM10 concentrations (β, − 0.14; 95% CI − 0.15 to − 0.14). After adjusting for temporal and meteorological factors, the effect values were drastically reduced (adjusted β of PM2.5, − 0.032; 95% CI − 0.046 to − 0.018; adjusted β of PM10, − 0.039; 95% CI − 0.049 to − 0.028). Our study showed there was a small, independent, negative association between PM in the atmosphere and maternal serum 25OHD levels during the second trimester of pregnancy after adjusting for temporal and/or meteorological factors, which indicates that PM may have a limited influence on maternal serum 25OHD levels. Besides taking vitamin D supplements, pregnant women should keep participating in outdoor activities while taking PM protection measures to improve their vitamin D levels when PM levels are high in winter and spring.
Collapse
|
14
|
Epidemiological characteristics of fractures of spine, hip, proximal humerus and forearm during the haze epidemic period. Injury 2022; 53:3139-3148. [PMID: 35973869 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollutants have an impact on the occurrence of spine fractures, hip fractures, proximal humerus fractures and forearm fractures. This study aimed at evaluating the short-term impact of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) on the occurrence of those fractures in Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. METHODS The daily meteorological, pollution, and fracture data of Shijiazhuang from 2014 to 2019 were collected. Distribution characteristics of fractures were described using descriptive epidemiological methods. The distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to reveal the description of those fractures in the exposed and lag dimensions at the same time. Based on gender and age (<18 years old, 18-69 years old and >69 years old), stratified analysis was performed. Sensitivity analysis was performed to ascertain the robustness of the results. RESULTS Between 2014 and 2019, fracture incidences in Shijiazhuang exhibited an overall increasing trend, with an obvious seasonality. PM2.5 was positively related to daily fracture cases and the effects were more obvious in women, adolescents and people of working age. When PM2.5 concentrations increased by one interquartile range (IQR) (70 μg/m3), RR exhibited a unimodal distribution. Its peak appeared on the 16th day of lag (RR=1.005987, 95% CI:1.002472,1.009652), and the RRs were also statistically significant from the 10th to 22nd day of lag. Similarly, cumulative effects of each increase in the concentration of PM2.5 IQR also showed a unimodal distribution. The largest cumulative effect occurred on the 28th day of lag (RR=1.084457, 95% CI:1.012207,1.161864), and the cumulative RRs were also statistically significant from the 19th day to 30nd days. In the dose-response relationship, as PM2.5 concentrations increased, RR increased. CONCLUSION Year by year, fractures in Shijiazhuang City exhibited an increasing trend. PM2.5 can affect the occurrence of those fractures. The impact on women, adolescents and people of working age is even greater. The supervision of PM2.5 should be strengthened while large-scale emissions should be limited.
Collapse
|
15
|
He L, Zhou P, Zhou X, Tian S, Han J, Zhai S. Evaluation of the clinical practice guidelines and consensuses on calcium and vitamin D supplementation in healthy children using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument and Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare statement. Front Nutr 2022; 9:984423. [PMID: 36238458 PMCID: PMC9551644 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.984423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to assess the methodological and reporting quality of the guidelines and consensus on calcium and vitamin D supplementation in healthy children, and the consistency of these recommendations. Methods A systematic search of relevant guideline websites and databases, including PubMed, Embase, CNKI, WangFang, and SinoMed, was undertaken from inception to April 7, 2021, by two independent reviewers who assessed the eligible guidelines using the validated Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation Instrument II (AGREE II) and the Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT) tools. Overall, the between-reviewer agreement was evaluated using an intra-class correlation coefficient. Results A total of 24 guidelines and consensuses from 2002 to 2022 were identified from China, the United States, Canada, France, Australia, New Zealand, Europe, and other countries and regions. These were of mixed quality, and scored poorly in the rigor of development, editorial independence, and applicability of the domains of AGREE II. Among the seven domains of the RIGHT checklist, domain one (basic information) had the highest reporting rate (69.3%), whereas domain five (review and quality assurance) had the lowest reporting rate (11.5%). The overall quality of the included guidelines and consensuses was low. Only 12 guidelines were recommended, with modifications. The recommended calcium intake for children of different ages varies greatly (400–1,150 mg/day). Among the included guidelines and consensuses, a vitamin D (VD) prevention dose of 400 IU/day in infants was generally considered safe, and 25-hydroxyvitamin-D [25(OH)D] levels of <20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L) or 20–30 ng/mL (50–75 nmol/L) indicated VD deficiency or insufficiency. However, the recommended amount of VD for children of different age groups and risk strata differed considerably (400–4,000 IU/day or 10–100 μg/day). The choice of VD2 or VD3 supplements and sunlight exposure also differed across the guidelines and consensuses. Conclusion There is considerable variability in calcium and VD guidelines and consensus development methods in calcium and VD supplementation for healthy children. Therefore, efforts are necessary to strengthen the methodological rigor of guideline development and utilize the best available evidence to underpin recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanzhi He
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangbin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Pengxiang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute for Drug Evaluation, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxia Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suodi Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute for Drug Evaluation, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Suodi Zhai,
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Torkashvand J, Jonidi Jafari A, Pasalari H, Shahsavani A, Oshidari Y, Amoohadi V, Kermani M. The potential osteoporosis due to exposure to particulate matter in ambient air: Mechanisms and preventive methods. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2022; 72:925-934. [PMID: 35653555 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2022.2085820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution and health consequences associated with exposure to air pollutants, such as particulate matter, are of serious concerns in societies. Over the recent years, numerous studies have investigated the relation of many diseases with air pollutants. This review used a search strategy to provide the comprehensive information on the relationship between particle matters and osteoporosis. To this end, three search databases were used to find the articles focused on particle matters and osteoporosis. After the screening process, 13 articles related to the purpose of the study were selected and the relevant data were extracted. The results indicated that osteoporosis is significantly associated with PM10. However, this association with PM2.5 remains unclear. In addition, particle materials indirectly lead to the osteoporosis and bone fractures as a consequence of reduced UV-B, reduced adsorption of vitamin D. Furthermore, they can lead to other diseases by use of drugs with adverse effects on bone health, and creating conditions that may increase the risk of falling in the elderly. This review shows that although more accurate research is needed to determine the mechanism and risk of exposure to particulate matter in the air on bone health, the negative effects of this pollutant on bone mineral density (BMD) are evident.Implications: PM is usually classified by its size or aerodynamic diameter; PM10 denotes particles < 10 µm in diameter; PM2.5 particles are <2.5 µm in diameter. Many epidemiological studies have shown that short-term exposure to PM might reduce lung function. However, short-term effects might be reversible, and the main concern is attributed to long-term exposure. A major public health concern that may be affected by numerous metabolic and even environmental risk factors is osteoporosis. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the role of PM in the occurrence or exacerbation of osteoporosis in citizens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javad Torkashvand
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jonidi Jafari
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Pasalari
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Shahsavani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Oshidari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vida Amoohadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Kermani
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yang D, Chen L, Yang Y, Shi J, Huang Z, Li M, Yang Y, Ji X. Effect of PM 2.5 exposure on Vitamin D status among pregnant women: A distributed lag analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 239:113642. [PMID: 35588617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum vitamin D levels are associated with exposure to air pollution, however, the lagged effect of exposure to air pollution remains unknown in pregnant women. METHODS Pregnant women who delivered at a maternity center in Shanghai, China, from 2015 to 2019 were included in the present study. The concentration of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) before 25-Hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] detection was estimated using the satellite-based grid models. The distributed lag non-linear models were performed to examine the lagged association between weekly-specific PM2.5 exposure and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) or serum 25(OH)D levels. RESULTS Among the 58,025 pregnant women included in the study (mean age at conception, 30.77 ± 3.75 years; mean prepregnancy BMI, 21.09 ± 2.55 kg/m2), 61.32% were diagnosed with VDD. Weekly-specific PM2.5 exposure at weeks 1-10 before the detection of 25(OH)D was significantly associated with an increased incidence of VDD (p < 0.05). For every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure, the serum 25(OH)D level decreased by 1.346 nmol/L (95%CI: 1.183-1.508 nmol/L). The association between average PM2.5 exposure and VDD at 1-10 weeks was more significant in weather conditions with low mean sunshine hours (OR: 1.246, 95%CI: 1.221-1.271). CONCLUSION Our study provided suggestive evidence that PM2.5 exposure at 1-10 weeks before the 25(OH)D detection may decrease the circulating 25(OH)D levels in pregnant women and increase VDD risk in pregnant women. More attention should be paid to the long-term impact of PM2.5, in particular, during weather conditions with a relatively short duration of sunshine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongjian Yang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Yang
- Department of Infection control, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjing Shi
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxiang Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuechang Yang
- Preventive Treatment Center, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Xinhua Ji
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shin J, Kweon HJ, Kwon KJ, Han SH. Incidence of osteoporosis and ambient air pollution in South Korea: a population-based retrospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1794. [PMID: 34610796 PMCID: PMC8493748 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11866-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the associations between exposure to ambient air pollutants and the incidence of osteoporosis using the Korean National Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort. Methods This nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study included 237,149 adults aged ≥40 years that did not have a diagnosis of osteoporosis at baseline between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2015. Osteoporosis was defined as claim codes and prescriptions of bisphosphonates or selective estrogen receptor modulators at least twice annually. After matching values for PM10, NO2, CO, and SO2 during the 2002–2015 time period and PM2.5 in 2015 with residential areas, the incidence of osteoporosis was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards regression model according to the quartile of average yearly concentrations of pollutants. Results Overall 22.2% of the study subjects, 52,601 (male: 5.6%, female: 37.6%) adults in total, were newly diagnosed with osteoporosis and treated. Exposure to PM10 was positively associated with incidence of osteoporosis (Q4: 1798 per 100,000 person-years vs. Q1: 1655 per 100,000 person-years). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of Q4 in PM10 was 1.034 (1.009–1.062). The effect of PM10 on osteoporosis incidence was distinct in females (adjusted sub-HR: 1.065, 95% CI: 1.003–1.129), subjects aged < 65 years (adjusted sub-HR: 1.040, 95% CI: 1.010–1.072), and for residents in areas with low urbanization (adjusted sub-HR: 1.052, 95% CI: 1.019–1.087). However, there was no increase in osteoporosis based on exposure to NO2, CO, SO2, or PM2.5. Conclusions Long-term exposure to PM10 was associated with newly diagnosed osteoporosis in Korean adults aged ≥40 years. This finding can aid in policy-making that is directed to control air pollution as a risk factor for bone health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11866-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Jung Kweon
- Department of Family Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Chungju Hospital, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Ja Kwon
- Department of Neuroscience, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seol-Heui Han
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05030, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Maharjan B, Gopali RS, Zhang Y. A scoping review on climate change and tuberculosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2021; 65:1579-1595. [PMID: 33728507 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-021-02117-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is a global public health challenge. The changes in climatic factors affect the pattern and burden of tuberculosis, which is a worldwide public health problem affecting low and middle-income countries. However, the evidence related to the impact of climate change on tuberculosis is few and far between. This study is a scoping review following a five-stage version of Arksey and O'Malley's method. We searched the literature using the keywords and their combination in Google scholar, and PubMed. Climate change affects tuberculosis through diverse pathways: changes in climatic factors like temperature, humidity, and precipitation influence host response through alterations in vitamin D distribution, ultraviolet radiation, malnutrition, and other risk factors. The rise in extreme climatic events induces population displacement resulting in a greater number of vulnerable and risk populations of tuberculosis. It creates a conducive environment of tuberculosis transmission and development of active tuberculosis and disrupts tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment services. Therefore, it stands to reasons that climate change affects tuberculosis, particularly in highly vulnerable countries and areas. However, further studies and novel methodologies are required to address such a complex relationship and better understand the occurrence of tuberculosis attributable to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bijay Maharjan
- Japan-Nepal Health and Tuberculosis Research Association, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Ram Sharan Gopali
- Japan-Nepal Health and Tuberculosis Research Association, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lin J, Leung J, Yu B, Woo J, Kwok T, Ka-Lun Lau K. Association of green space with bone mineral density change and incident fracture in elderly Hong Kong Chinese: Mr. OS and Ms. OS study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111547. [PMID: 34166664 PMCID: PMC8494942 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large body of literature has reported positive effects of green space (GS) on various aspects of health and well-being, while no studies explore the role of GS in bone health. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to investigate the associations of GS with bone mineral density (BMD) change and incident fracture in a prospective cohort of elderly Hong Kong Chinese. METHODS Between 2001 and 2003, 3944 participants aged 65 years and older at baseline were recruited. GS (%) within 300-m and 500-m buffers were calculated for each participant based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. BMD at whole body, lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and 3 follow-ups. Incident fracture cases were ascertained from the electronic database of Hospital Authority of Hong Kong. Linear mixed-effects models and Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the associations of GS with changes in BMD and incident fracture, respectively. RESULTS Greater GS within 300-m and 500-m buffers were associated with a slower increase in lumbar spine BMD over 14 years. After adjustment for potential confounders, β and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of change in BMD across Q2-Q4 (quartiles of GS measured in a 300-m, compared with Q1) were -6.42 (-12.3, -0.59), -7.78 (-13.6, -1.97), and -7.83 (-13.7, -2.00) mg/cm3, respectively. GS was also positively associated with non-spinal fracture and major osteoporotic fracture incidence risks. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95%CIs) were 1.40 (1.09, 1.79; P-trend = 0.036) for non-spinal fracture and 1.53 (1.13, 2.07; P-trend = 0.010) for major osteoporotic fracture (Q4 compared with Q1 of GS measured in a 300-m buffer). Positive GS-fracture associations were also found for GS within a 500-m buffer. CONCLUSIONS We found that those who lived near higher GS levels had a slower increase in lumbar spine BMD and had higher incident fracture risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiesheng Lin
- Institute of Future Cities, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.
| | - Jason Leung
- Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Blanche Yu
- Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jean Woo
- CUHK Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Timothy Kwok
- Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kevin Ka-Lun Lau
- Institute of Future Cities, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; CUHK Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ambient Air Pollutions Are Associated with Vitamin D Status. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136887. [PMID: 34198962 PMCID: PMC8297026 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence on the effect of ambient air pollution on vitamin D is limited. This study aimed to examine the association of air pollution exposure with serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) using UK Biobank health datasets. A total of 448,337 subjects were included in this analysis. Land Use Regression was applied to assess individual exposures to particulate matter with diameters ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5), ≤10 µm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Linear regression models evaluated the associations between air pollutants and serum vitamin D levels after adjustment of a series of confounders. All analyzed air pollutants were negatively associated with serum vitamin 25OHD levels. After adjusting for potential confounders, a 10 μg/m3 increase in concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NOx, and NO2 was associated with −9.11 (95%CI: −13.25 to −4.97), −2.47 (95%CI: −4.51 to −0.43), −0.56 (95%CI: −0.82 to −0.30), and −1.64 (95%CI: −2.17 to −1.10) nmol/L decrease in serum vitamin 25OHD levels, respectively. Interaction analyses suggested that the effects of air pollution were more pronounced in females. In conclusion, long-term exposures to ambient PM2.5, PM10, NOx, and NO2 were associated with vitamin D status in a large UK cohort.
Collapse
|
22
|
Pang KL, Ekeuku SO, Chin KY. Particulate Air Pollution and Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:2715-2732. [PMID: 34194253 PMCID: PMC8238075 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s316429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, which predispose to several chronic diseases in human. Emerging evidence suggests that the severity and progression of osteoporosis are directly associated with inflammation induced by air pollutants like particulate matter (PM). This systematic review examined the relationship between PM and bone health or fractures. A comprehensive literature search was conducted from January until February 2021 using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library databases. Human cross-sectional, cohort and case-control studies were considered. Of the 1500 papers identified, 14 articles were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The air pollution index investigated by most studies were PM2.5 and PM10. Current studies demonstrated inconsistent associations between PM and osteoporosis risk or fractures, which may partly due to the heterogeneity in subjects' characteristics, study design and analysis. In conclusion, there is an inconclusive relationship between osteoporosis risk and fracture and PM exposures which require further validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Lun Pang
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sophia Ogechi Ekeuku
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Della Vecchia A, Mucci F, Pozza A, Marazziti D. Negative Air Ions in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2521-2539. [PMID: 32603272 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200630104550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air ions (AIs) are clusters of ionized particles present in the atmosphere, carrying an electrical charge of negative or positive polarity. Past speculations suggested that exposure to positive air ions may be harmful, while exposure to negative air ions (NAIs) may be associated with beneficial health effects. Increasing attention has been directed towards investigating the potential effect of NAIs on human brain activities since initial observations of their beneficial effects on some cognitive processes and mood. AIMS Given the paucity and scattered literature, our paper aims to review the available studies on potential positive effects of NAIs exposure on cognitive performances and depression. DISCUSSION The review of the literature seems to confirm the effects of NAIs on several brain functions. Indeed, a significant association between NAIs exposure and both well-being and high cognitive performances has been described. Furthermore, exposure to high concentrations of NAIs could be related to the improvement of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION A growing evidence of data, although not yet conclusive, would suggest that NAIs might improve cognitive processes. These findings require specific and urgent controlled trials adopting systems based on AIs release to possibly prevent and treat cognitive dysfunctions present in a broad range of neuropsychiatric conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Della Vecchia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Mucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Pozza
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Donatella Marazziti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sung JH, Kim K, Cho Y, Choi S, Chang J, Kim SM, Kim SR, Lee G, Son JS, Park SM. Association of air pollution with osteoporotic fracture risk among women over 50 years of age. J Bone Miner Metab 2020; 38:839-847. [PMID: 32507945 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-020-01117-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Air particulate matter (PM) is an environmental exposure associated with oxidation and inflammation. Whether particulate matter is associated with risk of osteoporotic bone fracture is unclear. We investigated the association between exposure to PM and risk of bone fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected data of 44,602 participants living in three metropolitan cities in Republic of Korea from National Health Insurance Service database. We examined the association of 2 year averaged concentrations of PM and osteoporotic fracture over 4 years. Exposure to 2-year averaged air pollution [PM2.5 (< 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter), PM10 [< 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter], PM coarse (PM ranging from 2.5 μm to 10 μm)] concentrations were estimated from 2008 to 2009 in Air Korea data. The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for osteoporotic fractures were calculated using the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS After adjusting for age, household income, and Charlson Comorbidity Index, PM 2.5 in one pollutant model increased the risk of osteoporotic fractures, compared to the first quartile group (4th quartile group aHR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.02-1.24). Also, PM 2.5 increased the risk of spine and non-spine fractures compared to the first quartile group (4th quartile group aHR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.00-1.38, aHR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.01-1.33). We found no association between PM10/PM coarse and osteoporotic fractures. CONCLUSION We found that PM2.5 is a risk factor for osteoporotic bone fractures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hun Sung
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyuwoong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoosun Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seulggie Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jooyoung Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Min Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong Rae Kim
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyeongsil Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joung Sik Son
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sepandi M, Esmailzadeh S, Hosseini MS, Hashemi SR, Abbaszadeh S, Alimohamadi Y, Taghdir M. <p>Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency Among Iranian Pregnant Women</p>. NUTRITION AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS 2020. [DOI: 10.2147/nds.s261229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
|
26
|
Prada D, López G, Solleiro-Villavicencio H, Garcia-Cuellar C, Baccarelli AA. Molecular and cellular mechanisms linking air pollution and bone damage. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 185:109465. [PMID: 32305664 PMCID: PMC7430176 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is the second most important risk factor associated with noncommunicable diseases after smoking. The effects of pollution on health are commonly attributable to particulate matter (PM), a complex mixture of particles suspended in the air. PM can penetrate the lower respiratory tract and has harmful direct and indirect effects on different organs and tissues. Direct effects are caused by the ability of PM components to cross the respiratory membrane and enter the bloodstream; indirect effects are systemic consequences of the local airway response. Recent work suggests that PM is an independent risk factor for low bone mineral density and osteoporosis-related fractures. Osteoporosis is a common age-related disease closely linked to bone fractures, with severe clinical consequences affecting quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. In this review, we discuss potential mechanisms behind the association between outdoor air pollution, especially PM, and bone damage. The discussion features four main mechanisms: 1) several different atmospheric pollutants can induce low-grade systemic inflammation, which affects bone metabolism through a specific effect of cytokines such as TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 on osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and function; 2) some pollutants, particularly certain gas and metal compounds, can cause oxidative damage in the airway and bone cells; 3) different groups of pollutants can act as endocrine disruptors when binding to the receptors in bone cells, changing their functioning; and 4) air pollution can directly and indirectly cause vitamin D deficiency. Characterizing these mechanisms will better define the physiopathology of bone damage, and recognizing air pollution as a modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis will inform environmental policies. Such knowledge will also guide the prevention of fractures due to fragility and help reduce health-related costs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diddier Prada
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, 10032, USA; Unit for Biomedical Research in Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Gerard López
- Program of Support and Promotion of Research (AFINES), School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico; Department of Physiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico.
| | - Helena Solleiro-Villavicencio
- Program of Support and Promotion of Research (AFINES), School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Claudia Garcia-Cuellar
- Unit for Biomedical Research in Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico.
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee YM, Kim SA, Lee DH. Can Current Recommendations on Sun Exposure Sufficiently Increase Serum Vitamin D Level?: One-Month Randomized Clinical Trial. J Korean Med Sci 2020; 35:e50. [PMID: 32103645 PMCID: PMC7049620 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lack of sunlight exposure is the primary reason for the worldwide epidemic of vitamin D deficiency. Although recommended sunlight exposure guidelines exist, there is no evidence regarding whether current guidelines are optimal for increasing vitamin D levels among individuals with vitamin D deficiency. METHODS Sixty Korean adults aged 20-49 years with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels of < 20 ng/mL were randomly assigned to three groups: sunlight exposure (n = 20), vitamin D supplementation groups (n = 20), and daily living (n = 20) for 1 month. The sunlight exposure group had sunlight exposure on 20% to 30% of their body surface areas for 30-60 minutes per day, 3 times a week during the summer season. Vitamin D supplementation was prescribed with 800 IU/day of vitamin D. The serum levels of 25(OH)D were measured at baseline and at 1-month follow-up examinations. RESULTS The largest change in serum 25(OH)D was observed among the vitamin D supplementation group (+3.5 ng/mL, P < 0.001). The sunlight exposure group showed a slight increase in serum 25(OH)D level, but the absolute increase was less than one-third that of the vitamin D supplementation group (+0.9 ng/mL, P = 0.043). Only two participants in the sunlight exposure reached serum concentrations of 25(OH)D ≥ 20 ng/mL at follow-up. The daily living group showed no difference in vitamin D levels (-0.7 ng/mL, P = 0.516). CONCLUSION Sunlight exposure was not sufficient to overcome vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in the current study subjects. Effectiveness of current sunlight exposure guidelines among various populations should be reassessed in larger clinical studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0002671.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Se A Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University Graduate School, Daegu, Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Duk Hee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shamsi U, Khan S, Azam I, Habib Khan A, Maqbool A, Hanif M, Gill T, Iqbal R, Callen D. A multicenter case control study of association of vitamin D with breast cancer among women in Karachi, Pakistan. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0225402. [PMID: 31967989 PMCID: PMC6975526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy and breast cancer are both high among women living in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods A matched case control study was conducted in two hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan to evaluate the association of vitamin D (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D) concentrations, vitamin D supplementation and sun exposure with breast cancer among Pakistani women. A total of 411 newly diagnosed histologically confirmed primary breast cancer cases were enrolled and 784 controls, free of breast and any other cancers, were matched by age (year of birth ± 5 years), residence in the same geographic area and study site. Information was collected on sociodemographic history, history of vitamin D supplementation, past medical and obstetrical history, family history of breast cancer, sun exposure history, histopathology reports and anthropometric measurement and venous blood was collected to measure serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration. Results Compared to patients with sufficient serum vitamin D (>30 ng/ml), women with serum vitamin D deficiency (<20ng/ml), had a higher risk of breast cancer (OR = 1.65, 95%CI: 1.10, 2.50). Women with history of vitamin D supplementation one year prior to enrollment, had significant protective effect against breast cancer (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.24, 0.43). Conclusions and recommendation Serum vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased risk of breast cancer, while vitamin D supplementation was associated with decreased risk of breast cancer. In Pakistani women, where vitamin D deficiency is common, raising and maintaining serum vitamin D at population level is a safe and affordable strategy. It may play a role in reducing the incidence of both vitamin D deficiency and breast cancer, particularly among poor women where the breast cancer mortality is highest due to limited resources for early detection, diagnosis, and treatment. The effects of vitamin D with regard to breast cancer risk in Karachi Pakistan should be further evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Shamsi
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Shaista Khan
- Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Azam
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aysha Habib Khan
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Amir Maqbool
- Department of Oncology, Karachi Institute of Radiation and Nuclear Medicine Hospital (KIRAN), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Hanif
- Department of Oncology, Karachi Institute of Radiation and Nuclear Medicine Hospital (KIRAN), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tiffany Gill
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Romaina Iqbal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - David Callen
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Herting MM, Younan D, Campbell CE, Chen JC. Outdoor Air Pollution and Brain Structure and Function From Across Childhood to Young Adulthood: A Methodological Review of Brain MRI Studies. Front Public Health 2019; 7:332. [PMID: 31867298 PMCID: PMC6908886 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Outdoor air pollution has been recognized as a novel environmental neurotoxin. Studies have begun to use brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to investigate how air pollution may adversely impact developing brains. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate and synthesize the reported evidence from MRI studies on how early-life exposure to outdoor air pollution affects neurodevelopment. Using PubMed and Web of Knowledge, we conducted a systematic search, followed by structural review of original articles with individual-level exposure data and that met other inclusion criteria. Six studies were identified, each sampled from 3 cohorts of children in Spain, The Netherlands, and the United States. All studies included a one-time assessment of brain MRI when children were 6–12 years old. Air pollutants from traffic and/or regional sources, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitrogen dioxide, elemental carbon, particulate matter (<2.5 or <10 μm), and copper, were estimated prenatally (n = 1), during childhood (n = 3), or both (n = 2), using personal monitoring and urinary biomarkers (n = 1), air sampling at schools (n = 4), or a land-use regression (LUR) modeling based on residences (n = 2). Associations between exposure and brain were noted, including: smaller white matter surface area (n = 1) and microstructure (n = 1); region-specific patterns of cortical thinness (n = 1) and smaller volumes and/or less density within the caudate (n = 3); altered resting-state functional connectivity (n = 2) and brain activity to sensory stimuli (n = 1). Preliminary findings suggest that outdoor air pollutants may impact MRI brain structure and function, but limitations highlight that the design of future air pollution-neuroimaging studies needs to incorporate a developmental neurosciences perspective, considering the exposure timing, age of study population, and the most appropriate neurodevelopmental milestones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Herting
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Diana Younan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Claire E Campbell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhao Y, Wang L, Liu H, Cao Z, Su X, Cai J, Hua J. Particulate Air Pollution Exposure and Plasma Vitamin D Levels in Pregnant Women: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:3320-3326. [PMID: 30896756 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-02713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT No studies have assessed the association between air pollution exposure and vitamin D status in pregnant women. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between particulate air pollution exposure and circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin [25(OH)D] levels in pregnant women. DESIGN A longitudinal cohort study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3285 pregnant women were recruited at a maternal and child health hospital. INTERVENTIONS None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Serum 25(OH)D levels. RESULTS We observed trimester-specific associations between particulate air pollution exposure and circulating 25(OH)D levels. The associations were most pronounced for the periods of the third trimester and the entire pregnancy. A 10 μg/m3 increase in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) exposure during the entire pregnancy was associated with a 4.62% (95% CI, -6.31% to -2.93%) and 5.06% (95% CI, -6.50% to -3.62%) decrease in 25(OH)D levels, respectively. Particulate air pollution exposure was also associated with elevated odds of maternal vitamin D deficiency. A 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and PM10 exposure during the entire pregnancy was associated with a 45% (OR = 1.45, 95% CI, 1.29 to 1.63) and 48% (OR = 1.48, 95% CI, 1.33 to 1.64) increase in the odds of maternal vitamin D deficiency. Mediation analysis estimated that decreased solar UV-B radiation mediated 69.5% and 66.4% of the inverse association between PM2.5 and PM10 exposure and circulating 25(OH)D levels. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that prenatal exposure to particulate air pollution may play an independent role in maternal vitamin D deficiency. The role of air pollution should be incorporated into future guidelines for the prevention of maternal vitamin D deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Child Health Care, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Yangzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongjiao Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Zhijuan Cao
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiujuan Su
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Hua
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Newbury JB, Arseneault L, Beevers S, Kitwiroon N, Roberts S, Pariante CM, Kelly FJ, Fisher HL. Association of Air Pollution Exposure With Psychotic Experiences During Adolescence. JAMA Psychiatry 2019; 76:614-623. [PMID: 30916743 PMCID: PMC6499472 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Urbanicity is a well-established risk factor for clinical (eg, schizophrenia) and subclinical (eg, hearing voices and paranoia) expressions of psychosis. To our knowledge, no studies have examined the association of air pollution with adolescent psychotic experiences, despite air pollution being a major environmental problem in cities. OBJECTIVES To examine the association between exposure to air pollution and adolescent psychotic experiences and test whether exposure mediates the association between urban residency and adolescent psychotic experiences. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The Environmental-Risk Longitudinal Twin Study is a population-based cohort study of 2232 children born during the period from January 1, 1994, through December 4, 1995, in England and Wales and followed up from birth through 18 years of age. The cohort represents the geographic and socioeconomic composition of UK households. Of the original cohort, 2066 (92.6%) participated in assessments at 18 years of age, of whom 2063 (99.9%) provided data on psychotic experiences. Generation of the pollution data was completed on October 4, 2017, and data were analyzed from May 4 to November 21, 2018. EXPOSURES High-resolution annualized estimates of exposure to 4 air pollutants-nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters of less than 2.5 (PM2.5) and less than 10 μm (PM10)-were modeled for 2012 and linked to the home addresses of the sample plus 2 commonly visited locations when the participants were 18 years old. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES At 18 years of age, participants were privately interviewed regarding adolescent psychotic experiences. Urbanicity was estimated using 2011 census data. RESULTS Among the 2063 participants who provided data on psychotic experiences, sex was evenly distributed (52.5% female). Six hundred twenty-three participants (30.2%) had at least 1 psychotic experience from 12 to 18 years of age. Psychotic experiences were significantly more common among adolescents with the highest (top quartile) level of annual exposure to NO2 (odds ratio [OR], 1.71; 95% CI, 1.28-2.28), NOx (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.30-2.29), and PM2.5 (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.11-1.90). Together NO2 and NOx statistically explained 60% of the association between urbanicity and adolescent psychotic experiences. No evidence of confounding by family socioeconomic status, family psychiatric history, maternal psychosis, childhood psychotic symptoms, adolescent smoking and substance dependence, or neighborhood socioeconomic status, crime, and social conditions occurred. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, air pollution exposure-particularly NO2 and NOx-was associated with increased odds of adolescent psychotic experiences, which partly explained the association between urban residency and adolescent psychotic experiences. Biological (eg, neuroinflammation) and psychosocial (eg, stress) mechanisms are plausible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne B. Newbury
- King’s College London, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Arseneault
- King’s College London, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sean Beevers
- King’s College London, Environmental Research Group, MRC-PHE (Medical Research Council–Public Health England) Centre for Environment and Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nutthida Kitwiroon
- King’s College London, Environmental Research Group, MRC-PHE (Medical Research Council–Public Health England) Centre for Environment and Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susanna Roberts
- King’s College London, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carmine M. Pariante
- King’s College London, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frank J. Kelly
- King’s College London, Environmental Research Group, MRC-PHE (Medical Research Council–Public Health England) Centre for Environment and Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen L. Fisher
- King’s College London, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wattanachanya L, Jantrapakde J, Avihingsanon A, Ramautarsing R, Kerr S, Trachunthong D, Pussadee K, Teeratakulpisarn N, Jadwattanakul T, Chaiwatanarat T, Buranasupkajorn P, Phanuphak N, Sunthornyothin S, Phanuphak P. Antiretroviral-naïve HIV-infected patients had lower bone formation markers than HIV-uninfected adults. AIDS Care 2019; 32:984-993. [PMID: 31137948 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1622631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There are limited studies regarding bone health among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Asia. We compared bone mineral density (BMD), serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status and bone turnover markers (serum procollagen type1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), osteocalcin (OC) and C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type1 collagen) among 302 antiretroviral therapy (ART) naive PLHIV compared to 269 HIV-uninfected controls from Thailand. People aged ≥30 years, with and without HIV infection (free of diabetes, hypertension, and active opportunistic infection) were enrolled. BMD at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck were measured using Hologic DXA at baseline and at 5 years. We analyzed BMD, serum 25(OH)D levels, and bone turnover markers at the patients' baseline visit. PLHIV were 1.5 years younger and had lower BMI. PLHIV had higher mean serum 25(OH)D level and similar BMD to the controls. Interestingly, PLHIV had significantly lower bone formation (serum P1NP and OC), particularly those with low CD4 count. Only a few participants had low bone mass. ARV naïve middle-aged PLHIV did not have lower BMD or lower vitamin D levels compared to the controls. However, PLHIV had lower bone formation markers, particularly those with low CD4 count. This finding supports the benefit of early ART.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lalita Wattanachanya
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Diabetes, Hormone, and Metabolism, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Anchalee Avihingsanon
- The HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration (HIV-NAT), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.,Tuberculosis Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Stephen Kerr
- The HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration (HIV-NAT), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Kanitta Pussadee
- The HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration (HIV-NAT), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Patinut Buranasupkajorn
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Diabetes, Hormone, and Metabolism, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Sarat Sunthornyothin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Diabetes, Hormone, and Metabolism, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Praphan Phanuphak
- Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.,The HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration (HIV-NAT), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | -
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, and Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lips P, Cashman KD, Lamberg-Allardt C, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Bianchi ML, Stepan J, El-Hajj Fuleihan G, Bouillon R. Current vitamin D status in European and Middle East countries and strategies to prevent vitamin D deficiency: a position statement of the European Calcified Tissue Society. Eur J Endocrinol 2019; 180:P23-P54. [PMID: 30721133 DOI: 10.1530/eje-18-0736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) <50 nmol/L or 20 ng/mL) is common in Europe and the Middle East. It occurs in <20% of the population in Northern Europe, in 30-60% in Western, Southern and Eastern Europe and up to 80% in Middle East countries. Severe deficiency (serum 25(OH)D <30 nmol/L or 12 ng/mL) is found in >10% of Europeans. The European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS) advises that the measurement of serum 25(OH)D be standardized, for example, by the Vitamin D Standardization Program. Risk groups include young children, adolescents, pregnant women, older people (especially the institutionalized) and non-Western immigrants. Consequences of vitamin D deficiency include mineralization defects and lower bone mineral density causing fractures. Extra-skeletal consequences may be muscle weakness, falls and acute respiratory infection, and are the subject of large ongoing clinical trials. The ECTS advises to improve vitamin D status by food fortification and the use of vitamin D supplements in risk groups. Fortification of foods by adding vitamin D to dairy products, bread and cereals can improve the vitamin D status of the whole population, but quality assurance monitoring is needed to prevent intoxication. Specific risk groups such as infants and children up to 3 years, pregnant women, older persons and non-Western immigrants should routinely receive vitamin D supplements. Future research should include genetic studies to better define individual vulnerability for vitamin D deficiency, and Mendelian randomization studies to address the effect of vitamin D deficiency on long-term non-skeletal outcomes such as cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Lips
- Endocrine Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin D Cashman
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Christel Lamberg-Allardt
- Calcium Research Unit, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Jan Stepan
- Institute of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ghada El-Hajj Fuleihan
- Calcium Metabolism and Osteoporosis Program, WHO Collaborating Center for Metabolic Bone Disorders, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Roger Bouillon
- Clinic and Laboratory of Endocrinology, Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Vitamin D Daily versus Monthly Administration: Bone Turnover and Adipose Tissue Influences. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121934. [PMID: 30563215 PMCID: PMC6315364 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is involved in bone metabolism and in many various extra-skeletal diseases such as malabsorption syndromes, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, cancer, and autoimmune and neurological diseases. However, data on the optimal route of administration are not consistent. The aims of our study were to analyze not only the influence of daily vs. monthly administration of vitamin D on bone metabolism and bone turnover, but also the effects of different routes of administration on fat mass in a cohort of adults with low levels of 25(OH) vitamin D3 at baseline. We analyzed 44 patients with hypovitaminosis at baseline and after six months of two different regimens of administration: seven drops (1750 IU)/day vs. 50,000 IU/month. We found that the two regimens were equivalent; 36 out of 44 patients reached the normal range of vitamin D after six months of treatment. Interestingly, the main determinant of vitamin D at baseline was the waist circumference. In addition, 22 patients treated by monthly regimen were evaluated after 18 months of treatment. At the end of follow-up, patients showed normal levels of vitamin D, with increased calcium levels and decreased bone turnover. Waist circumference also decreased. Our results support the efficacy of vitamin D3 given monthly both for correcting hypovitaminosis and for maintaining vitamin D levels. The relationship between serum 25(OH)vitamin D3 concentration and waist circumference supports vitamin D having a protective role in the current setting, since waist size is directly associated with the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
Collapse
|
35
|
Vilcins D, Sly PD, Jagals P. Environmental Risk Factors Associated with Child Stunting: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Ann Glob Health 2018. [PMID: 30779500 PMCID: PMC6748290 DOI: 10.29024/aogh.2361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stunting, a form of malnutrition characterized by impaired linear growth in the first two years of life, affects one quarter of children globally. While nutritional status remains the key cause of stunting, there is evidence that environmental risk factors are associated with stunting. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to explore the current literature and compile the environmental risk factors that have been associated with stunting. Further, we seek to discover which risk factors act independently of nutritional intake. METHODS A systematic search of the literature was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, TOXNET, and CINAHL. A search of the grey literature was conducted. Papers were included in this review if they examined an association between childhood stunting and exposure to environmental risk factors. FINDINGS We included 71 reports in the final analysis. The included studies showed that foodborne mycotoxins, a lack of adequate sanitation, dirt floors in the home, poor quality cooking fuels, and inadequate local waste disposal are associated with an increased risk of childhood stunting. Access to safe water sources was studied in a large number of studies, but the results remain inconclusive due to inconsistent study findings. Limited studies were available for arsenic, mercury, and environmental tobacco, and thus their role in stunting remains inconclusive. The identified research did not control for nutritional intake. A causal model identified solid fuel use and foodborne mycotoxins as being environmental risk factors with the potential to have direct effects on childhood growth. CONCLUSIONS A diverse range of environmental risk factors are, to varying degrees, associated with stunting, demonstrating the importance of considering how the environment interacts with nutrition. Health promotion activities may be more effective if they consider environmental factors alongside nutritional interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dwan Vilcins
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Center for Children's Health Research, South Brisbane.,School of Public Health, University of Queensland, AU
| | - Peter D Sly
- Child Health Research Centre, The Universit of Queensland, Center for Children's Health Research South Brisbane, AU
| | - Paul Jagals
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Center for Children's Health Research South Brisbane, AU
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Vilcins D, Sly PD, Jagals P. Environmental Risk Factors Associated with Child Stunting: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Ann Glob Health 2018; 84:551-562. [PMID: 30779500 PMCID: PMC6748290 DOI: 10.9204/aogh.2361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stunting, a form of malnutrition characterized by impaired linear growth in the first two years of life, affects one quarter of children globally. While nutritional status remains the key cause of stunting, there is evidence that environmental risk factors are associated with stunting. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to explore the current literature and compile the environmental risk factors that have been associated with stunting. Further, we seek to discover which risk factors act independently of nutritional intake. METHODS A systematic search of the literature was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, TOXNET, and CINAHL. A search of the grey literature was conducted. Papers were included in this review if they examined an association between childhood stunting and exposure to environmental risk factors. FINDINGS We included 71 reports in the final analysis. The included studies showed that foodborne mycotoxins, a lack of adequate sanitation, dirt floors in the home, poor quality cooking fuels, and inadequate local waste disposal are associated with an increased risk of childhood stunting. Access to safe water sources was studied in a large number of studies, but the results remain inconclusive due to inconsistent study findings. Limited studies were available for arsenic, mercury, and environmental tobacco, and thus their role in stunting remains inconclusive. The identified research did not control for nutritional intake. A causal model identified solid fuel use and foodborne mycotoxins as being environmental risk factors with the potential to have direct effects on childhood growth. CONCLUSIONS A diverse range of environmental risk factors are, to varying degrees, associated with stunting, demonstrating the importance of considering how the environment interacts with nutrition. Health promotion activities may be more effective if they consider environmental factors alongside nutritional interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dwan Vilcins
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Center for Children’s Health Research South Brisbane, Queensland, AU
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, AU
| | - Peter D. Sly
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Center for Children’s Health Research South Brisbane, Queensland, AU
| | - Paul Jagals
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Center for Children’s Health Research South Brisbane, Queensland, AU
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bittar FB, Castro CHM, Szejnfeld VL. Screening for vitamin D deficiency in a tropical area: results of a sun exposure questionnaire. BMC Endocr Disord 2018; 18:44. [PMID: 29970080 PMCID: PMC6029128 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-018-0272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is pandemic while resources available to measure 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) are limited. The present study aimed to verify whether sun exposure measured by a structured questionnaire could predict serum 25OHD concentrations in healthy Caucasian individuals living in a tropical area. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in subjects living in the greater São Paulo area, Brazil. Two groups of 50 young (20 to 40 years old) and 50 older (60 to 80 years old) subjects (N = 200) answered a structured questionnaire on sun exposure and had blood samples drawn for serum 25OHD concentration measurement during both summer and winter. Anthropometric data were also recorded. Correlation between the questionnaire variables (duration of sun exposure, amount of exposed skin, total sun exposure score - TSES and other data) and serum 25OHD concentration was evaluated. RESULTS Mean serum 25OHD concentration was 17.60 ± 7.3 ng/mL with no difference between age groups (p = 0.293). TSES weakly correlated with serum 25OHD levels (r = 0.264; p < 0.001). Separate analyzes by age groups demonstrated that TSES correlated significantly with serum 25OHD concentration only in the older subjects during summer (r = 0.322; p = 0.023). Using linear regression analyses, TSES and body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with serum 25OHD levels. On the other hand, Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for TSES showed no significance as a screening tool for vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.172). CONCLUSION Sun exposure questionnaire associated with BMI correlates with serum 25OHD concentration with very low accuracy. The use of the questionnaire does not discriminate between vitamin D sufficient and deficient individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Barros Bittar
- Rheumatology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP-EPM), Rua Botucatu, 740 – 3° andar – Vila Clementino, CEP, São Paulo, SP 04023-900 Brazil
| | - Charlles H. M. Castro
- Rheumatology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP-EPM), Rua Botucatu, 740 – 3° andar – Vila Clementino, CEP, São Paulo, SP 04023-900 Brazil
| | - Vera Lúcia Szejnfeld
- Rheumatology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP-EPM), Rua Botucatu, 740 – 3° andar – Vila Clementino, CEP, São Paulo, SP 04023-900 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Wang R, Guo Y, Liu H, Chen Y, Shang Y, Liu H. The effect of chitin nanoparticles on surface behavior of DPPC/DPPG Langmuir monolayers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 519:186-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
39
|
Pereira-Santos M, Santos JYGD, Carvalho GQ, Santos DBD, Oliveira AM. Epidemiology of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in a population in a sunny country: Geospatial meta-analysis in Brazil. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:2102-2109. [PMID: 29420062 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1437711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Studies conducted among populations of tropical countries have reported high prevalences of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. Information resulting from meta-analyses on the spatial distribution of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in tropical countries is still rare. The aim of this review was investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among the Brazilian population. Observational studies were searched in eight electronically databases. Additionally, theses and dissertations and abstracts were screened. Details on study design, methods, population, mean and data on serum concentrations of vitamin D in different age groups in Brazil were extracted. Data were pooled using a random-effects model and choropleth maps were created based on the geopolitical regions of the country. 72 published paper met the inclusion criteria. The mean vitamin D concentration among the Brazilian population between 2000 and 2017 of 67.65 nmol/L (95% CI: 65.91, 69.38 nmol/L).The prevalences of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were 28.16% (95% CI: 23.90, 32.40) and 45.26% (95% CI: 35.82, 54.71), respectively, for the Brazilian population. The highest prevalence of deficiency were observed in the southern and southeastern regions and the highest occurrence of vitamin D insufficiency was among the populations of the southeastern and northeastern regions. Finally, there are high prevalence of inadequate vitamin D concentrations among the population, regardless of age group in Brazil. The development of vitamin D food fortification policies in needs to be cautious and carefully planned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Pereira-Santos
- a Center of Biological and Health Sciences , Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Barreiras; Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia , Salvador , Brazil
| | | | - Gisele Queiroz Carvalho
- c Campus Avan¸ado de Governador Valadares , Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hoseinzadeh E, Taha P, Wei C, Godini H, Ashraf GM, Taghavi M, Miri M. The impact of air pollutants, UV exposure and geographic location on vitamin D deficiency. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 113:241-254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|