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Arrari F, Jabri MA, Ayari A, Dakhli N, Ben Fayala C, Boubaker S, Sebai H. Amino acid HPLC-FLD analysis of spirulina and its protective mechanism against the combination of obesity and colitis in wistar rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30103. [PMID: 38694088 PMCID: PMC11061748 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The cafeteria diet (CD), designed as an experimental diet mimicking the obesogenic diet, may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This study delves into the influence of spirulina (SP) on obesity associated with colitis in Wistar rats. Methods The amino acids composition of SP was analyzed using HPLC-FLD. Animals were equally separated into eight groups, each containing seven animals and treated daily for eight weeks as follows: Control diet (SD), cafeteria diet (CD) group, CD + SP (500 mg/kg) and SD + SP. Ulcerative colitis was provoked by rectal injection of acetic acid (AA) (3 % v/v, 5 ml/kg b.w.) on the last day of treatment in the following groups: SD + AA, SD + AA + SP, CD + AA, and CD + AA + SP. Results Findings revealed that UC and/or CD increased the abdominal fat, weights gain, and colons. Moreover, severe colonic alteration, perturbations in the serum metabolic parameters associated with an oxidative stress state in the colonic mucosa, defined by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased levels of plasma scavenging activity (PSA). Additionally, obesity exacerbated the severity of AA-induced UC promoting inflammation marked by the overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Significantly, treatment with SP provided notable protection against inflammation severity, reduced histopathological alterations, attenuated lipid peroxidation (MDA), and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, SOD, and GPX) along with non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH and SH-G). Conclusions Thus, the antioxidant effects and anti-inflammatory proprieties of SP could be attributed to its richness in amino acids, which could potentially mitigate inflammation severity in obese subjects suffering from ulcerative colitis. These results imply that SP hold promise as a therapeutic agent for managing of UC, particularly in individuals with concomitant obesity. Understanding SP's mechanisms of action may lead novel treatment strategies for inflammatory bowel diseases and hyperlipidemia in medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Arrari
- Université de Jendouba, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, LR: Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, 9000, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Université de Jendouba, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, LR: Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, 9000, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Ala Ayari
- Université de Jendouba, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, LR: Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, 9000, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Nouha Dakhli
- Université de Jendouba, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, LR: Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, 9000, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Chayma Ben Fayala
- Laboratoire d'anatomie Pathologique Humaine et Expérimentale, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, Place Pasteur, Tunis, 1002, Tunisia
| | - Samir Boubaker
- Laboratoire d'anatomie Pathologique Humaine et Expérimentale, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13, Place Pasteur, Tunis, 1002, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Université de Jendouba, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, LR: Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, 9000, Béja, Tunisia
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Arrari F, Jabri MA, Ayari A, Dakhli N, Ben Fayala C, Boubaker S, Sebai H. Chromatographic Analyses of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) and Mechanism of Its Protective Effects against Experimental Obesity and Hepatic Steatosis in Rats. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1823. [PMID: 37893541 PMCID: PMC10608300 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Obesity is currently a major health problem due to fatty acid accumulation and excess intake of energy, which leads to an increase in oxidative stress, particularly in the liver. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the protective effects of spirulina (SP) against cafeteria diet (CD)-induced obesity, oxidative stress, and lipotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into four groups and received daily treatments for eight weeks as follows: control group fed a standard diet (SD 360 g/d); cafeteria diet group (CD 360 g/d); spirulina group (SP 500 mg/kg); and CD + SP group (500 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) according to body weight (b.w.) per oral (p.o.). Results: Our results show that treatment with a CD increased the weights of the body, liver, and abdominal fat. Additionally, severe hepatic alteration, disturbances in the metabolic parameters of serum, and lipotoxicity associated with oxidative stress in response to the CD-induced obesity were observed. However, SP treatment significantly reduced the liver alteration of CD feed and lipid profile disorder associated with obesity. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that spirulina has a marked potential therapeutic effect against obesity and mitigates disturbances in liver function parameters, histological alterations, and oxidative stress status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Arrari
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Ala Ayari
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Nouha Dakhli
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
| | - Chayma Ben Fayala
- Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathological Anatomy, Pasteur Institute of Tunisia, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Samir Boubaker
- Laboratory of Human and Experimental Pathological Anatomy, Pasteur Institute of Tunisia, Tunis 1002, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 9000, Tunisia; (M.-A.J.); (H.S.)
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Wahabi S, Rtibi K, Atouani A, Sebai H. Anti-Obesity Actions of Two Separated Aqueous Extracts From Arbutus ( Arbutus unedo) and Hawthorn ( Crataegus monogyna) Fruits Against High-Fat Diet in Rats via Potent Antioxidant Target. Dose Response 2023; 21:15593258231179904. [PMID: 37275393 PMCID: PMC10236257 DOI: 10.1177/15593258231179904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbutus unedo and Crataegus monogyna are widely distributed throughout the Mediterranean basin and commonly used in folk medicine against a wide range of diseases. Therefore, the present study has been designed to evaluate the anti-obesity potential of two aqueous extracts of the fruits of A. unedo (AUAE) and C. monogyna (CMAE). Male Wistar rats were supplied with a standard diet (SD), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD with the two separated extracts at the same dose (300 mg/kg, BW, p. o.), or HFD with atorvastatin-(ATOR) (2.1 mg/kg, BW, p. o.) for 12 weeks. Lipid profile and the liver and kidney linked-markers were assessed. Besides, obesity-related disorders' biomarkers were measured. AUAE, CMAE, and ATOR were observed to reduce significantly total body and organ weights following HFD-induced obese rat models. Likewise, epididymal and abdominal adipose tissue weights were noticeably decreased in HFD rats treated with both extracts and ATOR. Added to that, biochemical and metabolic changes were normalized by significant attenuation of lipid peroxidation accompanied with an increase of thiol-group concentrations and antioxidant status. More importantly, a modulation in trace element levels was revealed when compared with HFD group. Altogether, current study concluded that AUAE and CMAE could be potential candidates for the prevention and treatment of obesity and related disturbs induced by HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Wahabi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology
and Valorization of Bio-Ressources-Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Kais Rtibi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology
and Valorization of Bio-Ressources-Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Amal Atouani
- Clinical Biology Laboratory, Beja
Regional Hospital, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology
and Valorization of Bio-Ressources-Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
- University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
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Jabri MA, Rtibi K, Sebai H. Chamomile decoction mitigates high fat diet-induced anxiety-like behavior, neuroinflammation and cerebral ROS overload. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:1350-1361. [PMID: 33314994 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1859727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
An abundant literature suggests that obesity-associated with taking a high fat diet is related to an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. However, metabolic disorders may be involved in the induction of the anxiogenic-like symptoms. The current study was designed to elucidate the mechanisms by which a high fat diet (HFD) can cause several complications in the WISTAR rats (Rattus norvegicus) brain. Oxidative stress and inflammation as well as the putative protection afforded by chamomile decoction extract (CDE) were also studied.The results demonstrated that the increased body and brain weight, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities as well as hypercholezterolaemia in response to HFD taking were correlated with anxiogenic-like symptoms. Moreover, HFD feed caused a brain oxidative stress characterized by increased lipoperoxidation, inhibition of antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD, CAT and GPx, depletion of a non-enzymatic antioxidant such as sulfhydryl groups and GSH. Importantly, the results also show that HFD also provoked a cerebral overload in reactive oxygen species such as OH•, H2O2 and O2∙- as well as brain inflammation assessed by the overproduction of cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6.Interestingly, all neurobehavioral changes and all the biochemical and molecular disturbances were abolished in HFD-fed rats treated with CDE.Our results provide clear evidence that obesity and depression as well as anxiety are finely correlated and that M. recutita's decoction may prove to be a potential therapeutic agent to mitigate the behavioral disorders, the biochemical alterations and the neuroinflammation associated to the obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Kaïs Rtibi
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Béja, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources - Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Université de Jendouba, Béja, Tunisia
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Jabri MA, Sakly M, Marzouki L, Sebai H. Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) decoction extract inhibits in vitro intestinal glucose absorption and attenuates high fat diet-induced lipotoxicity and oxidative stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:153-159. [PMID: 28056419 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of chamomile decoction extract (CDE) on intestinal glucose absorption as well as its protective role against high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and lipotoxicity in rats. We used the Ussing chamber system to investigate the effect of CDE on intestinal transport of glucose. Male Wistar rats were fed HFD for six weeks to provoke obesity. CDE (100mg/kg, b.w. p.o.) has been per orally administered to HFD fed rats. Ex vivo, we found that CDE significantly and dose-dependently increased intestinal absorption of glucose. In vivo, HFD increased the body, liver and kidney weights, while CDE treatment showed a significant protective effects. High fat diet induced also a lipid profiles disorder and a disturbances in kidney and liver function parameters. Moreover liver and kidney lipotoxicity is accompanied by an oxidative stress status characterized by increased lipoperoxidation, depletion of antioxidant enzymes activity and non-enzymatic antioxidant (-SH groups and GSH) levels as well as increased levels of free iron, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and calcium. However, treatment with CDE alleviated all the deleterious effects of HFD feed. These findings suggest that chamomile decoction extract can be used as functional beverage against obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Amine Jabri
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisie; Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, B.P. 382, 9000 Béja, Université de Jendouba, Tunisie.
| | - Mohsen Sakly
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisie
| | - Lamjed Marzouki
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, B.P. 382, 9000 Béja, Université de Jendouba, Tunisie
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, 7021 Zarzouna, Tunisie; Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, Avenue Habib Bourguiba, B.P. 382, 9000 Béja, Université de Jendouba, Tunisie
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