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Hachem M, Ahmmed MK, Nacir-Delord H. Phospholipidomics in Clinical Trials for Brain Disorders: Advancing our Understanding and Therapeutic Potentials. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3272-3295. [PMID: 37981628 PMCID: PMC11087356 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03793-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipidomics is a specialized branch of lipidomics that focuses on the characterization and quantification of phospholipids. By using sensitive analytical techniques, phospholipidomics enables researchers to better understand the metabolism and activities of phospholipids in brain disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In the brain, identifying specific phospholipid biomarkers can offer valuable insights into the underlying molecular features and biochemistry of these diseases through a variety of sensitive analytical techniques. Phospholipidomics has emerged as a promising tool in clinical studies, with immense potential to advance our knowledge of neurological diseases and enhance diagnosis and treatment options for patients. In the present review paper, we discussed numerous applications of phospholipidomics tools in clinical studies, with a particular focus on the neurological field. By exploring phospholipids' functions in neurological diseases and the potential of phospholipidomics in clinical research, we provided valuable insights that could aid researchers and clinicians in harnessing the full prospective of this innovative practice and improve patient outcomes by providing more potent treatments for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayssa Hachem
- Department of Chemistry and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University of Sciences and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mirja Kaizer Ahmmed
- Department of Fishing and Post-Harvest Technology, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Houda Nacir-Delord
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Sciences and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Pan Y, Meng R, Li Y, Yang L, Mei L, Wu Y, Xu J, Zhou C, Yan X. Changes in biochemical metabolites in manila clam after a temporary culture with high-quality microalgal feed mixed with the dinoflagellate species Karlodinium veneficum and K. zhouanum. HARMFUL ALGAE 2023; 125:102422. [PMID: 37220975 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Phytoplankton composition is an important factor affecting the growth and physiological biochemical characteristics of filter-feeding bivalves. With the increasing trend in dinoflagellate biomass and blooms in mariculture areas, how the physio-biochemical traits and seafood quality of the mariculture organism are affected by the dinoflagellates, especially those at nonfatal levels, is not well understood. Different densities of two Karlodinium species, namely K. veneficum (KV) and K. zhouanum (KZ), mixed with high quality microalgal food Isochrysis galbana was applied in feeding manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum in a 14-day temporary culture, to comparatively study how the critical biochemical metabolites such as glycogen, free amino acids (FAAs), fatty acids (FAs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the clam were affected. The survival rate of the clam showed dinoflagellate density and species specificity. The high-density KV group inhibited survival to 32% lower than that of the pure I. galbana control, respectively, while KZ at low concentrations did not significantly affect the survival compared with the control. In the high-density KV group, the glycogen and FAA contents decreased (p < 0.05), indicating that energy and protein metabolism were significantly affected. Amount of carnosine (49.91 ± 14.64 to 84.74 ± 8.59 μg/g of muscle wet weight) was detected in all the dinoflagellate-mixed groups, while it was not present in the field samples or in the pure I. galbana control, showing that carnosine participated in the anti-stress activities when the clam was exposed to the dinoflagellates. The global composition of FAs did not significantly vary among the groups. However, contents of the endogenous C18 PUFA precursors linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid significantly decreased in the high-density KV group compared to all the other groups, indicating that high density of KV affected the metabolisms of fatty acids. From the results of the changed VOC composition, oxidation of fatty acids and degradation of free amino acids might occur in the clams exposed to dinoflagellates. The increased VOCs, such as aldehydes, and decreased 1-octen-3-ol probably produced a more fishy taste and reduced food flavor quality when the clam was exposed to the dinoflagellates. This present study demonstrated that the biochemical metabolism and seafood qulity of the clam were affected. However, KZ with moderate density in the feed seemed to be beneficial in aquaculture for increasing the content of carnosine, a high-valued substance with multiple bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Pan
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ran Meng
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yanrong Li
- Ningbo Institute of Oceanography, Ningbo 315832, China
| | - Ling Yang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Limin Mei
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yanhua Wu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jilin Xu
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Chengxu Zhou
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China; Ningbo Institute of Oceanography, Ningbo 315832, China; Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, China.
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Kuang X, Shao X, Li H, Jiang D, Gao T, Yang J, Li K, Li D. Lipid extract from blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) improves glycemic traits in Chinese type 2 diabetic mellitus patients: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:2970-2980. [PMID: 36409163 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that blue mussel lipid extract (BMLE) has strong anti-inflammatory activity in both rheumatoid arthritis patients and animal arthritis models. Chronic inflammation was closely related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Though the beneficial effects cannot be completely attributed to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, the aim of this study was to investigate whether BMLE can improve glycemic traits of T2DM patients. METHOD In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 133 Chinese T2DM participants were randomized to either fish oil (FO, n = 44), BMLE (n = 44), or corn oil (CO, n = 45) groups for 60 days. The participants were asked to take the corresponding oil capsules (two capsules per day, 0.8 g per capsule), which provided 1.6 g day-1 of FO (29.9% eicosapentaenoic acid + 20.4% docosahexaenoic acid), BMLE (20.7% eicosapentaenoic acid + 26.7% docosahexaenoic acid), or CO (53.5% linoleic acid). RESULTS The fasting serum concentration of insulin (P = 0.005) and the homeostasis model of insulin resistance (P = 0.026) were significantly decreased in the BMLE group, whereas no significant change was found in the FO or CO groups. There was no significant difference between groups on serum glycosylated hemoglobin. Tumor necrosis factor-α was significantly decreased in the BMLE group (P = 0.003), but not in the FO or CO groups. A significant decrease of interleukin-1β was observed in the BMLE and CO groups (P = 0.004 and P = 0.011 respectively), but not in the FO group. The total cholesterol was significantly decreased in the BMLE and CO groups (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001 respectively), but not in the FO group. Triacylglycerol was significantly decreased in the BMLE group (P = 0.007), but not in the FO or CO groups. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower in the BMLE and CO groups than in the FO group (P = 0.003). CONCLUSION Blue mussel lipid supplements improved glycemic traits, inflammatory cytokines, and lipids profile in Chinese T2DM patients (Chinese Clinical Trial Registration number: ChiCTR1900025617). © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Kuang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianfeng Shao
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huiying Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongmei Jiang
- Health Service Center of Lingzhushan Community, Qingdao, China
| | - Tianlin Gao
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Health Service Center of Xinan Community, Qingdao, China
| | - Kelei Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Al-Hassan JM, Afzal M, Oommen S, Liu YF, Pace-Asciak C. Oxysterols in catfish skin secretions (Arius bilineatus, Val.) exhibit anti-cancer properties. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1001067. [PMID: 36313377 PMCID: PMC9614162 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1001067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The edible catfish Arius bilineatus, (Valenciennes) elaborates a proteinaceous gel-like material through its epidermis when threatened or injured. Our on-going studies on this gel have shown it to be a complex mixture of several biologically active molecules. Anti-cancer studies on lipid fractions isolated from the gel-like materials showed them to be active against several cancer cell lines. This prompted us to investigate further the lipid composition of the catfish epidermal gel secretions (EGS). Analysis of the lipid fraction of EGS resulted in identification of 12 oxysterols including cholesterol and 2 deoxygenated steroids i.e., 7α-hydroxy cholesterol, 7β-hydroxycholesterol, 5,6 epoxycholesterol, 3β-hydroxycholest-5-ene-7-one and cholesta-3,5-dien-7-one. Progesterone, cholest-3,5-diene, cholesta-2,4-diene, cholest-3,5,6-triol and 4-cholesten-3-one were found as minor components, and were identified through their MS, 1HNMR and FTIR spectral data and were compared with those of the standards. Cholest-3,6-dione, cholesta-4,6-diene-3-one, cholesta-2,4-diene, and cholesta-5,20(22)-dien-3-ol were found only in trace amounts and were identified by GC/MS/MS spectral data. Since cholesterol is the major component of EGS, the identified oxysterols (OS) are presumably cholesterol oxidation products. Many of the identified OS are known important biological molecules that play vital physiological role in the producer and recipient organisms. We report herein the effects of these sterols on three human cancer cell lines in vitro, i.e., K-562 (CML cell line), MDA MB-231 (estrogen positive breast cancer cell line) and MCF-7 (estrogen negative breast cancer cell line). Interestingly significant (p < 0.05) dose differences were observed between tested OS on cell types used. The presence of these sterols in EGS may help explain some aspects of the physiological activities of fraction B (FB) prepared from EGS, such as enhanced wound and diabetic ulcer healing, anti-inflammatory action and cytotoxic activities reported in our previous studies. The anti-proliferative actions of some of these oxysterols especially the cholesterol 3,5,6-triol (#5) as established on selected cancer cell lines in this study support our previous studies and make them candidates for research for human application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jassim M. Al-Hassan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
- *Correspondence: Jassim M. Al-Hassan,
| | - Mohammad Afzal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Sosamma Oommen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Yuan Fang Liu
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cecil Pace-Asciak
- Program in Translational Medicine, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL), The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Roma J, Feijão E, Vinagre C, Duarte B, Matos AR. Impacts of dissolved Zn and nanoparticle forms in the fatty acid landscape of Mytilus galloprovincialis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 817:152807. [PMID: 35016933 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of waste containing heavy metals into the marine environment has been increasing for the past few decades, yet there are still several pending questions regarding how it impacts aquatic fauna. This study compared the effects of zinc exposure in its ionic- and nanoparticle forms on the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and sampled at different time-points. Zinc accumulation was observable after one week. Exposure to 100 μg L-1 of either form for 28 days also resulted in the higher depletion of fatty acids, lipid peroxidation products accumulation, and changes in the fatty acid profiles. This was also observed for lower concentrations, although to a smaller extent. Given the importance of fatty acids in the marine trophic chains, these zinc-induced alterations have significant potential of introducing negative impacts on the ecosystem and ultimately on human nutrition. Finally, we show that fatty acids may be used as efficient biomarkers of zinc-induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Roma
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal..
| | - Eduardo Feijão
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Vinagre
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.; CCMAR, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Duarte
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Matos
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.; BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Plant Functional Genomics Group, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Mussel Shells, a Valuable Calcium Resource for the Pharmaceutical Industry. Mar Drugs 2021; 20:md20010025. [PMID: 35049880 PMCID: PMC8779107 DOI: 10.3390/md20010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The mussel (Mytilus edulis, Mytilus galloprovincialis) is the most widespread lamellibranch mollusk, being fished on all coasts of the European seas. Mussels are also widely grown in Japan, China, and Spain, especially for food purposes. This paper shows an original technique for mussel shell processing for preparation of calcium salts, such as calcium levulinate. This process involves synthesis of calcium levulinate by treatment of Mytilus galloprovincialis shells with levulinic acid. The advantage of mussel shell utilization results in more straightforward qualitative composition. Thus, the weight of the mineral component lies with calcium carbonate, which can be used for extraction of pharmaceutical preparations. (2) Methods: Shell powder was first deproteinized by calcination, then the mineral part was treated with levulinic acid. The problem of shells generally resulting from the industrialization of marine molluscs creates enough shortcomings, if one only mentions storage and handling. One of the solutions proposed by us is the capitalization of calcium from shells in the pharmaceutical industry. (3) Results: The toxicity of calcium levulinate synthesized from the mussel shells was evaluated by the method known in the scientific literature as the Constantinescu phytobiological method (using wheat kernels, Triticum vulgare Mill). Acute toxicity of calcium levulinate was evaluated; the experiments showed the low toxicity of calcium levulinate. (4) Conclusion: The experimental results highlighted calcium as the predominant element in the composition of mussel shells, which strengthens the argument of capitalizing the shells as an important natural source of calcium.
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Neri TA, Nguyen TT, Nguyen THP, Rohmah Z, Jeong SB, Hwang DJ, Choi BD. Effect of season and processing steps in nutritional components and bioactivities of blue mussels (Mytilus edulis). INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.47836/ifrj.28.4.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) from Tongyeong, South Korea were evaluated for seasonal variation in terms of proximate composition, fatty acid (FA) profile, antioxidant activities (DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, and reducing power), and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity. The effect of different processing steps on blue mussels (from harvest to market) was also assessed. Samples were taken from late autumn to early spring (November 2015 - April 2016). Moisture (79.4 - 82.9%), lipid (1.3 - 2.2%), and protein (8.9 - 10.5%) components varied significantly according to season and processing stage; while ash content remained relative (2.1 - 2.4%). The lowest glycogen (34.2 - 36.7 mg/g) content was found in mussels sampled in January, signifying its usage to generate energy and combat cold stress in winter. Meanwhile, an inverse relationship was observed in mussel lipid (highest, 2.0 - 2.1%) and protein (lowest, 8.9 - 9.3%) contents in April, signifying the conversion of protein to lipid in preparation for spawning in summer. The main FA from lipid class profiling were n-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFA, 39.0 - 45.1%), and primarily DHA (14.8 - 16.9%). Atherogenic (AI), thrombogenic (TI), and hypocholesterolaemic/hypercholesterolaemic (h/H) indices, as well as PUFA/SFA and DHA/EPA ratios remained relative throughout the duration of the study. Freshly-harvested mussels exhibited significantly greater radical scavenging and ADH activities than the marketed mussels which emphasise the importance of keeping the bivalve’s freshness. April was determined as the most suitable time for utilising blue mussels as food, food ingredient, and/or for pharmaceutical development. This is because it is during its harvest season where the proximate composition is neither too high nor too low, and omega-3 PUFA content (28.7 - 30.9%) and omega-3/omega-6 PUFA ratio (6.5 - 7.2) are at their peak which support better antioxidant benefits.
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Lactic fermentation of cooked, comminuted mussel, Perna canaliculus. Food Microbiol 2021; 99:103829. [PMID: 34119114 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The endogenous microflora of mussels, filter feeders, can include pathogens with resulting food safety concerns. The aim was to develop a cook-then-ferment technology to extend shelf life and safety of a ready-to-eat mussels. Only after cooking to destroy the mussel's endogenous microflora could an edible product be made as determined by pH decline after fermentation and the fate of common pathogens. Perna canaliculus was bought live at retail on many dates. Fermentation was with commercial lactic cultures incubated under vacuum at 30 °C for four days. Using one culture containing Pediococcus pentosaceus and Staphylococcus carnosus as a model, pH typically declined to 4.5 to 4.7, and common pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were absent or reduced to acceptable levels. The fate of Listeria monocytogenes was studied with five cultures. These were variably effective at inhibition with one clear success, Chr Hansen's T-SC-150 containing a specific strain of Lactobacillus sakei, and flavour-generating Staphylococcus carnosus. This culture's efficacy was confirmed with sterile extracts of LAB challenging L. monocytogenes in vitro. This culture was also the most rapid fermenter by pH fall. Cook-then-ferment technology may be applied to other novel foods to minimise a disruptive endogenous microflora.
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Yaghubi E, Carboni S, Snipe RMJ, Shaw CS, Fyfe JJ, Smith CM, Kaur G, Tan SY, Hamilton DL. Farmed Mussels: A Nutritive Protein Source, Rich in Omega-3 Fatty Acids, with a Low Environmental Footprint. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041124. [PMID: 33805534 PMCID: PMC8067026 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The world’s ever-growing population presents a major challenge in providing sustainable food options and in reducing pressures on the Earth’s agricultural land and freshwater resources. Current estimates suggest that agriculture contributes ~30% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Additionally, there is an increased demand for animal protein, the production of which is particularly polluting. Therefore, the climate-disrupting potential of feeding the planet is likely to substantially worsen in the future. Due to the nutritional value of animal-based protein, it is not a simple solution to recommend a wholesale reduction in production/consumption of animal proteins. Rather, employing strategies which result in the production of low carbon animal protein may be part of the solution to reduce the GHGs associated with our diets without compromising diet quality. We suggest that farmed mussels may present a partial solution to this dilemma. Mussel production has a relatively low GHG production and does not put undue pressure on land or fresh water supplies. By drawing comparisons to other protein sources using the Australian Food and Nutrient Database and other published data, we demonstrate that they are a sustainable source of high-quality protein, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, phytosterols, and other key micronutrients such as B-12 and iron. The aim of this review is to summarise the current knowledge on the health benefits and potential risks of increasing the consumption of farmed mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Yaghubi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran;
| | - Stefano Carboni
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Pathfoot Building, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK;
| | | | - Christopher S. Shaw
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia; (C.S.S.); (J.J.F.); (G.K.); (S.-Y.T.)
| | - Jackson J. Fyfe
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia; (C.S.S.); (J.J.F.); (G.K.); (S.-Y.T.)
| | - Craig M. Smith
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia;
| | - Gunveen Kaur
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia; (C.S.S.); (J.J.F.); (G.K.); (S.-Y.T.)
| | - Sze-Yen Tan
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia; (C.S.S.); (J.J.F.); (G.K.); (S.-Y.T.)
| | - David. Lee Hamilton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong 3216, Australia; (C.S.S.); (J.J.F.); (G.K.); (S.-Y.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-392445207
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Chakraborty K, Joy M. High-value compounds from the molluscs of marine and estuarine ecosystems as prospective functional food ingredients: An overview. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109637. [PMID: 33233216 PMCID: PMC7457972 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Extensive biodiversity and availability of marine and estuarine molluscs, along with their their wide-range of utilities as food and nutraceutical resources developed keen attention of the food technologists and dieticians, particularly during the recent years. The current review comprehensively summarized the nutritional qualities, functional food attributes, and bioactive properties of these organisms. Among the phylum mollusca, Cephalopoda, Bivalvia, and Gastropoda were mostly reported for their nutraceutical applications and bioactive properties. The online search tools, like Scifinder/Science Direct/PubMed/Google Scholar/MarinLit database and marine natural product reports (1984-2019) were used to comprehend the information about the molluscs. More than 1334 secondary metabolites were reported from marine molluscs between the periods from 1984 to 2019. Among various classes of specialized metabolites, terpenes were occupied by 55% in gastropods, whereas sterols occupied 41% in bivalves. The marketed nutraceuticals, such as CadalminTM green mussel extract (Perna viridis) and Lyprinol® (Perna canaliculus) were endowed with potential anti-inflammatory activities, and were used against arthritis. Molluscan-derived therapeutics, for example, ziconotide was used as an analgesic, and elisidepsin was used in the treatment of cancer. Greater numbers of granted patents (30%) during 2016-2019 recognized the increasing importance of bioactive compounds from molluscs. Consumption of molluscs as daily diets could be helpful in the enhancement of immunity, and reduce the risk of several ailments. The present review comprehended the high value compounds and functional food ingredients from marine and estuarine molluscs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin-682018, Kerala, India.
| | - Minju Joy
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P.B. No. 1603, Cochin-682018, Kerala, India
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Webb S, Gaw S, Marsden ID, McRae NK. Biomarker responses in New Zealand green-lipped mussels Perna canaliculus exposed to microplastics and triclosan. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110871. [PMID: 32559692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are of increasing concern for filter feeding marine and freshwater species. Additionally MPs can sorb hydrophobic contaminants from the water, potentially providing an additional pathway of exposure of aquatic species to contaminants. An acute 48 h laboratory study was conducted to investigate the effects of microplastics and triclosan, both individually and combined, on New Zealand's green-lipped mussel, Perna canaliculus. Biomarkers included clearance rate, oxygen uptake, byssus production; and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity and lipid peroxidation in the gill tissue. Microplastics and triclosan, both individually and combined significantly decreased oxygen uptake and byssus production. These physiological responses were not observed when the microplastics were spiked with triclosan. Triclosan, both alone and spiked to microplastics, increased mussel oxidative stress markers including SOD activity and lipid peroxidation. An enhanced effect was observed on the SOD enzyme activity when mussels were exposed to microplastics spiked with triclosan. No effects on the biochemical biomarkers were observed for mussels exposed to microplastic only. Microplastics enhanced the uptake of triclosan in mussel tissue compared with triclosan only treatments indicating that microplastics potentially provide an additional pathway of exposure to hydrophobic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Webb
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - S Gaw
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.
| | - I D Marsden
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - N K McRae
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
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12
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Angane M, Gupta S, Fletcher GC, Summers G, Hedderley DI, Quek SY. Effect of air blast freezing and frozen storage on Escherichia coli survival, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid concentration and microstructure of Greenshell™ mussels. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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13
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Ahmmed MK, Ahmmed F, Tian HS, Carne A, Bekhit AED. Marine omega-3 (n-3) phospholipids: A comprehensive review of their properties, sources, bioavailability, and relation to brain health. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 19:64-123. [PMID: 33319514 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
For several decades, there has been considerable interest in marine-derived long chain n-3 fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs) due to their outstanding health benefits. n-3 LCPUFAs can be found in nature either in triglycerides (TAGs) or in phospholipid (PL) form. From brain health point of view, PL n-3 is more bioavailable and potent compared to n-3 in TAG form, as only PL n-3 is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and can be involved in brain biochemical reactions. However, PL n-3 has been ignored in the fish oil industry and frequently removed as an impurity during degumming processes. As a result, PL products derived from marine sources are very limited compared to TAG products. Commercially, PLs are being used in pharmaceutical industries as drug carriers, in food manufacturing as emulsifiers and in cosmetic industries as skin care agents, but most of the PLs used in these applications are produced from vegetable sources that contain less (without EPA, DPA, and DHA) or sometimes no n-3 LCPUFAs. This review provides a comprehensive account of the properties, structures, and major sources of marine PLs, and provides focussed discussion of their relationship to brain health. Epidemiological, laboratory, and clinical studies on n-3 LCPUFAs enriched PLs using different model systems in relation to brain and mental health that have been published over the past few years are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirja Kaizer Ahmmed
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.,Department of Fishing and Post-Harvest Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Bangladesh
| | - Fatema Ahmmed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Alan Carne
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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14
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Naik A, Hayes M. Bioprocessing of mussel by-products for value added ingredients. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Chakraborty K, Joy M, Chakkalakal SJ. Antioxidant and antiinflammatory secondary metabolites from the Asian green mussel Perna viridis. J Food Biochem 2018; 43:e12736. [PMID: 31353543 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The Asian green mussel, Perna viridis is a nutritious health food in the estuarine and coastal sea beds of the Arabian Sea along the west coast of India. In the present study, bioactivity-guided purification of the chloroform fraction of the methanolic extract of P. viridis was carried out. The isolated secondary metabolites were characterized by spectroscopic experiments, and their antioxidative/antiinflammatory properties were evaluated. The titled compounds were characterized as 3-hydroxy-13-vinyl-dodecahydro-11-phenanthrenone (1), 4,4,9-trimethyl-13-vinyl-dodecahydro-2-phenanthrenone (2), 11,20-dihydroxy-6,6-dimethyl-decahydro-5H-benzo[h]naphtho[1,2-c]chromene-16-carbaldehyde (3), 16-acetyl-20-hydroxy-6,6-dimethyl-dodecahydro-5H-benzo[h]naphtho[1,2-c]chromen-12-one (4), cholest-5-en-3β-3-yl-(30-hydroxy-3-methyl-36-methyleneundeca-30E,34E-dienoate) (5), and cholest-5-en-3β-3-yl-((E)-33-oxooct-31-enoate) (6). No significant differences in the antioxidant activities of the compounds with chromene-16-carbaldehyde (3) and chromen-12-one (4) functionalities (IC50 0.52-0.68 mg/ml) vis-à-vis the positive control, α-tocopherol (IC50 0.65-0.76 mg/ml) were registered. The studied compounds, 1-4, displayed potential antiinflammatory activities against pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) (IC50 < 1 mg/ml). The balanced hydrophilic-lipophilic properties and lower steric values of the studied compounds, 1-4, were correlated with their bioactive potentials. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The edible bivalve green mussels, P. viridis, are broadly available in the estuarine and coastal regions of the Indian Peninsula. The sequential chromatographic purification of the chloroform fraction of the methanolic extract of P. viridis led to the identification of six pure secondary metabolites. The metabolites with substituted chromene-16-carbaldehyde and chromen-12-one functionalities displayed potential antioxidative and antiinflammatory activities compared to other studied compounds. These bioactive metabolites could be used in functional food formulations and as antioxidant leads in medicinal food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, India
| | - Minju Joy
- Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalore, India
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16
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Lu YC, Sudirman S, Mao CF, Kong ZL. Glycoprotein from Mytilus edulis extract inhibits lipid accumulation and improves male reproductive dysfunction in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:369-376. [PMID: 30399571 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Lu
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Peining Rd., Jhongjheng District, Keelung City, 20224, Taiwan.
| | - Sabri Sudirman
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Peining Rd., Jhongjheng District, Keelung City, 20224, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Feng Mao
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Peining Rd., Jhongjheng District, Keelung City, 20224, Taiwan.
| | - Zwe-Ling Kong
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2, Peining Rd., Jhongjheng District, Keelung City, 20224, Taiwan.
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17
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Bettjeman BI, Hofman KA, Burgess EJ, Perry NB, Killeen DP. Seafood Phospholipids: Extraction Efficiency and Phosphorous Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (31
P NMR) Profiles. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bodhi I. Bettjeman
- Seafood Processing and Marine Products; The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, 300 Wakefield Quay; Nelson 7010 New Zealand
| | - Kathleen A. Hofman
- Seafood Processing and Marine Products; The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, 300 Wakefield Quay; Nelson 7010 New Zealand
| | - Elaine J. Burgess
- Biological Chemistry and Bioactives, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Department of Chemistry; University of Otago, P.O. Box 56; Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Nigel B. Perry
- Biological Chemistry and Bioactives, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Department of Chemistry; University of Otago, P.O. Box 56; Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
- Department of Chemistry; University of Otago, P.O. Box 56; Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Daniel P. Killeen
- Seafood Processing and Marine Products; The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, 300 Wakefield Quay; Nelson 7010 New Zealand
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18
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Utermann C, Parrot D, Breusing C, Stuckas H, Staufenberger T, Blümel M, Labes A, Tasdemir D. Combined genotyping, microbial diversity and metabolite profiling studies on farmed Mytilus spp. from Kiel Fjord. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7983. [PMID: 29789708 PMCID: PMC5964093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26177-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The blue mussel Mytilus is a popular food source with high economical value. Species of the M. edulis complex (M. edulis, M. galloprovincialis and M. trossulus) hybridise whenever their geographic ranges overlap posing difficulties to species discrimination, which is important for blue mussel aquaculture. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic structure of farmed blue mussels in Kiel Fjord. Microbial and metabolic profile patterns were studied to investigate a possible dependency on the genotype of the bivalves. Genotyping confirmed the complex genetic structure of the Baltic Sea hybrid zone and revealed an unexpected dominance of M. trossulus alleles being in contrast to the predominance of M. edulis alleles described for wild Baltic blue mussels. Culture-dependent and -independent microbial community analyses indicated the presence of a diverse Mytilus-associated microbiota, while an LC-MS/MS-based metabolome study identified 76 major compounds dominated by pigments, alkaloids and polyketides in the whole tissue extracts. Analysis of mussel microbiota and metabolome did not indicate genotypic dependence, but demonstrated high intraspecific variability of farmed mussel individuals. We hypothesise that individual differences in microbial and metabolite patterns may be caused by high individual plasticity and might be enhanced by e.g. nutritional condition, age and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Utermann
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106, Kiel, Germany
| | - Delphine Parrot
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106, Kiel, Germany
| | - Corinna Breusing
- Research Unit Evolutionary Ecology of Marine Fishes, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Duesternbrooker Weg 20, 24105, Kiel, Germany.,Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, California, 95039, USA
| | - Heiko Stuckas
- Senckenberg Natural History Collection Dresden, Population Genetics, Koenigsbruecker Landstrasse 159, 01109, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Martina Blümel
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106, Kiel, Germany
| | - Antje Labes
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106, Kiel, Germany.,Flensburg University of Applied Sciences, Kanzleistrasse 91-93, 24943, Flensburg, Germany
| | - Deniz Tasdemir
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106, Kiel, Germany. .,Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
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19
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Donato P, Micalizzi G, Oteri M, Rigano F, Sciarrone D, Dugo P, Mondello L. Comprehensive lipid profiling in the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) using hyphenated and multidimensional chromatography techniques coupled to mass spectrometry detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:3297-3313. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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20
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21
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Vaidya HB, Gangadaran S, Cheema SK. A high fat-high sucrose diet enriched in blue mussels protects against systemic inflammation, metabolic dysregulation and weight gain in C57BL/6 mice. Food Res Int 2017; 100:78-85. [PMID: 28888461 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
High fat-high sucrose (HF-HS) diet, known as the western diet, has been shown to induce the onset of obesity via increasing metabolic inflammation, insulin resistance and adipose tissue dysfunction. Hyperleptinemia, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia are also the primary observations of obesogenic diet induced obesity. We have previously reported anti-adipogenic and insulin sensitizing effects of blue mussels (BM) using 3T3-L1 cells. BM is a rich source of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, phytosterols and other micronutrients that has been shown to elicit benefits under obese conditions using in-vitro cell culture models. However, no studies to date have established the anti-obesity effects, safety and efficacy of BM in an in-vivo animal model. In the present study, we fed a HF-HS diet supplemented with different concentrations of BM freeze-dried powder (1.25, 2.5 and 5% w/w) to C57BL/6 mice for 12weeks. A HF-HS diet caused rapid weight gain, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hyperleptinemia, and increased plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines; interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Incorporating 2.5% BM in the HF-HS diet prevented weight gain, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines and leptin mRNA expression. Furthermore, plasma from 2.5% BM increased cholesterol efflux capacity of J774 macrophage cells, compared to plasma from HF-HS diet. There was no effect of 1.25% BM on any tested parameters, while 5% BM was not palatable after four weeks. In conclusion, our findings have established the efficacy and safety of BM using C57BL/6 mice, demonstrating that BM has the potential to target obesity and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh B Vaidya
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada
| | | | - Sukhinder K Cheema
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.
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22
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Vaidya HB, Gangadaran S, Cheema SK. An obesogenic diet enriched with blue mussels protects against weight gain and lowers cholesterol levels in C57BL/6 mice. Nutr Res 2017; 46:31-37. [PMID: 29173649 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is linked to several health complications, such as cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, and hypertension. Dyslipidemia in obesity is one of the prime causes for health complications. We have previously shown that blue mussels (BM) are a rich source of omega (n)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and increase the mRNA expression of peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor and adiponectin, thereby inducing anti-obesity and insulin sensitizing effects in vitro. However, the in vivo effects of BM on obesity and metabolic regulation are not known. We hypothesized that dietary intake of BM will prevent weight gain and improve lipid profile of C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Mice were fed a HFD supplemented with 5% w/w BM (BM-HFD) for 4 weeks, and then switched to a HFD for 4 weeks. Mice fed a BM-HFD showed significantly lower body weight gain and abdominal fat, compared to the HFD. Furthermore, a BM-HFD significantly reduced plasma and hepatic total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, compared to HFD. The decrease in cholesterol levels coincided with inhibition of hepatic sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 and HMG-CoA reductase mRNA expression, and an increase in LDL-receptor gene expression in the BM-HFD group, compared to the HFD group. In conclusion, our findings have established that BM reduces body weight gain in mice. BM may have potential to lower cholesterol levels by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis, thereby protecting against obesity and perhaps heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh B Vaidya
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada
| | | | - Sukhinder K Cheema
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada.
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23
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Perna canaliculus and the Intestinal Microbiome. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15070207. [PMID: 28665349 PMCID: PMC5532649 DOI: 10.3390/md15070207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural medicines are often an attractive option for patients diagnosed with chronic conditions. Three main classes of bioactives that have been reported from marine mussel extracts include proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. Commercially, the most relevant species of marine mollusks belong to two genera, Perna and Mytilus. Specifically, the Perna canaliculus species has been repeatedly demonstrated to harbor anti-inflammatory compounds such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) that can ameliorate pro-inflammatory conditions, or proteins that can promote thrombin inhibitory activity. Recent clinical studies have posited that extracts from green-lipped mussels may lead to prebiotic activity in the intestinal microbiome that in turn has been reported to improve symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee. Prebiotics have been reported to favorably interact with the intestinal microbiome through the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the gut, suppressing exogenous and endogenous intestinal infections and promoting homeostasis by balancing local pro- and anti-inflammatory actions. Bioactive compounds from Perna canaliculus are functional foods and, in this regard, may positively interact with the intestinal microbiome and provide novel therapeutic solutions for intra-intestinal and extra-intestinal inflammatory conditions.
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24
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Chen J, Bao C, Cho SH, Lee HJ. Green lipped mussel oil complex suppresses lipopolysaccharide stimulated inflammation via regulating nuclear factor-κB and mitogen activated protein kinases signaling in RAW264.7 murine macrophages. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 26:815-822. [PMID: 30263608 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we investigated the effect of green lipped mussel oil complex (GLMOC) on inflammation and underlying mechanism in lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells. GLMOC containing green lipped mussel oil (GLMO), olive oil, and vitamin E (10:20:1) can induce significant suppression of iNOS, leading to reduced nitric oxide synthesis, and cyclooxygenase-2, leading to reduced prostaglandin E2 synthesis. In addition, it down-regulated the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β. Similar to upstream signaling mediators, GLMCO inhibited the degradation of inhibitory κB, nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and phosphorylation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in a dose-dependent manner. Among the components of GLMOC, GLMO was responsible for anti-inflammatory efficacy. Taken together, GLMOC induces anti-inflammatory activity via regulating NF-κB and MAPK signaling in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells, providing underlying mechanisms that elucidate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of GLMOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- 1Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi 17546 Korea
| | - Cheng Bao
- 1Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi 17546 Korea
| | | | - Hong Jin Lee
- 1Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi 17546 Korea
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25
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White CA, Bannister RJ, Dworjanyn SA, Husa V, Nichols PD, Kutti T, Dempster T. Consumption of aquaculture waste affects the fatty acid metabolism of a benthic invertebrate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 586:1170-1181. [PMID: 28222923 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Trophic subsidies can drive widespread ecological change, thus knowledge of how keystone species respond to subsidies is important. Aquaculture of large carnivorous fish generates substantial waste as faeces and lost feed, providing a food source to mobile benthic invertebrates. We used a controlled feeding study combined with a field survey to better understand the interaction between salmon aquaculture and the sea urchin, Echinus acutus, a dominant mobile invertebrate in Norwegian fjords. We tested if diets affected urchin fatty acid composition by feeding them one of three diet treatments ("aquafeed", "composite" and "natural") for 10weeks. To test if proximity to fish farms altered E. acutus fatty acid composition, populations were sampled at 10 locations in Hardangerfjord and Masfjord (Western Norway) from directly adjacent and up to 12km from farms. Fatty acids were measured in gonads and eggs in the diet experiment and in gonads and gut contents from wild animals. Urchins directly assimilated aquaculture waste at farm sites, as evidenced by elevated linoleic acid (LA), oleic acid (OA) and ∑LA, OA in their tissues. The diet experiment highlighted the biosynthetic and selective dietary sparing capacity of E. acutus in both gonads and eggs, with evidence for the elongation and desaturation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) from C18 fatty acid precursors. Elevated biosynthesis of non-methylene interrupted (NMI) fatty acids, in particular 20:3Δ7,11,14 and 20:2 Δ5,11, were also linked to a high C18 fatty acid, low ≥C20 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) diet. Fatty acid composition of gonads of wild urchins indicated a highly variable diet. The study indicates that the generalist feeding ecology of E. acutus, coupled with extensive biosynthetic capacity, enables it to exploit aquaculture waste as an energy-rich trophic subsidy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille A White
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory, Temperate and Tropical, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Oceans and Atmosphere, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
| | | | - Symon A Dworjanyn
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia
| | - Vivian Husa
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Peter D Nichols
- Oceans and Atmosphere, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Tina Kutti
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 1870, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Tim Dempster
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory, Temperate and Tropical, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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26
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Buddhachat K, Siengdee P, Chomdej S, Soontornvipart K, Nganvongpanit K. Effects of different omega-3 sources, fish oil, krill oil, and green-lipped mussel against cytokine-mediated canine cartilage degradation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2017; 53:448-457. [PMID: 28078500 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-016-0125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Our purpose was to evaluate the protective effect of three marine omega-3 sources, fish oil (FO), krill oil (KO), and green-lipped mussel (GLM) against cartilage degradation. Canine cartilage explants were stimulated with either 10 ng/mL interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or IL-1β/oncostatin M (10 ng/mL each) and then treated with various concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 3 and 30 μg/mL), FO, KO, or GLM (250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL) for 28 days. Gene expression was then investigated in primary canine chondrocytes. Our results showed that DHA and EPA as well as omega-3 sources could suppress matrix degradation in cytokine-induced cartilage explants by significantly reducing the increase of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (s-GAGs) and preserving uronic acid and hydroxyproline content (except GLM). These agents were not able to reduce IL-1β-induced IL1B and TNFA expression but were able to down-regulate the expression of the catabolic genes MMP1, MMP3, and MMP13 and up-regulate the anabolic genes AGG and COL2A1; FO and KO were especially effective. Our findings indicated that FO and KO were superior to GLM for their protective effect against proteoglycan and collagen degradation. Hence, FO and KO could serve as promising sources of chondroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittisak Buddhachat
- Animal Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Puntita Siengdee
- Animal Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
| | - Siriwadee Chomdej
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Kumpanart Soontornvipart
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Korakot Nganvongpanit
- Animal Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand.
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Mashtoub S, Lampton LS, Eden GL, Cheah KY, Lymn KA, Bajic JE, Howarth GS. Emu Oil Combined with Lyprinol™ Reduces Small Intestinal Damage in a Rat Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:1171-80. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1208829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Chakraborty K, Chakkalakal SJ, Joseph D, Joy M. Nutritional Composition of Edible Oysters (Crassostrea madrasensis L.) from the Southwest Coast of India. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2015.1039682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Selsa J. Chakkalakal
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Deepu Joseph
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Minju Joy
- Marine Biotechnology Division, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, Kerala, India
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Chakraborty K, Chakkalakal SJ, Joseph D, Asokan PK, Vijayan KK. Nutritional and Antioxidative Attributes of Green Mussel (Perna viridisL.) from the Southwestern Coast of India. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2015.1004498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Chakraborty K, Chakkalakal SJ, Joseph D. Antioxidative Status of a Nutrient Enriched Formulation ofPerna viridisin a Time Series Shelf-Life Study. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2014.915909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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31
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Dernekbaşı S. The Fatty Acid Composition of Cultured Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck 1819) in Offshore Longline System in the Black Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.15406/jamb.2015.02.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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32
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Anti-adipogenic activity of blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) extract by regulation of 3T3-L1 adipogenesis through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Multiple beneficial lipids including lecithin detected in the edible invasive mollusk Crepidula fornicata from the French Northeastern Atlantic coast. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:6254-68. [PMID: 25532566 PMCID: PMC4278228 DOI: 10.3390/md12126254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasive mollusk Crepidula fornicata, occurring in large amounts in bays along the French Northeastern Atlantic coasts, may have huge environmental effects in highly productive ecosystems where shellfish are exploited. The present study aims at determining the potential economic value of this marine species in terms of exploitable substances with high added value. Lipid content and phospholipid (PL) composition of this mollusk collected on the Bourgneuf Bay were studied through four seasons. Winter specimens contained the highest lipid levels (5.3% dry weight), including 69% of PLs. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) was the major PL class all year, accounting for 63.9% to 88.9% of total PLs. Consequently, the winter specimens were then investigated for PL fatty acids (FAs), and free sterols. Dimethylacetals (DMAs) were present (10.7% of PL FA + DMA mixture) revealing the occurrence of plasmalogens. More than forty FAs were identified, including 20:5n-3 (9.4%) and 22:6n-3 (7.3%) acids. Fourteen free sterols were present, including cholesterol at 31.3% of the sterol mixture and about 40% of phytosterols. These data on lipids of C. fornicata demonstrate their positive attributes for human nutrition and health. The PL mixture, rich in PC and polyunsaturated FAs, offers an interesting alternative source of high value-added marine lecithin.
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Chakraborty K, Chakkalakal SJ, Joseph D. Effect of Natural Additives on the Fatty Acid Signatures of Green Mussel P
erna viridis
L. in a Time-Dependent Accelerated Shelf Life Study. J FOOD QUALITY 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfq.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Chakraborty
- Marine Biotechnology Division; Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute; Ernakulam North PO Post Box 1603 Cochin Kerala 682018 India
| | - Selsa J. Chakkalakal
- Marine Biotechnology Division; Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute; Ernakulam North PO Post Box 1603 Cochin Kerala 682018 India
| | - Deepu Joseph
- Marine Biotechnology Division; Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute; Ernakulam North PO Post Box 1603 Cochin Kerala 682018 India
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Toxicity profile of a nutraceutical formulation derived from green mussel Perna viridis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:471565. [PMID: 24995298 PMCID: PMC4066681 DOI: 10.1155/2014/471565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The short-term (acute) and long-term (subchronic) toxicity profile, mean lethal dose 50 (LD50), and no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of a nutraceutical formulation developed from green mussel Perna viridis, which showed in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties, were evaluated in the present study. The formulation was administered to the male and female Wistar rats at graded doses (0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 g/kg body weight) for two weeks of acute toxicity study and 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg body weight for 90 days in subchronic toxicity study. The LD50, variations in clinical signs, changes in body weight, body weight, food/water consumption, organ weight (liver, kidney, spleen, and brain), hematology, serum chemistry, and histopathological changes were evaluated. The LD50 of the formulation was 5,000 mg/kg BW. No test article related mortalities as well as change in body weight, and food and water consumption were observed. No toxicity related significant changes were noted in renal/hepatic function, hematological indices, and serum biochemical parameters between the control and treated groups. Histopathological alterations were not observed in the vital organs of rats. The subchronic NOAEL for the formulation in rats is greater than 2000 mg/kg. This study demonstrated that the green mussel formulation is safe to consume without any adverse effects in the body.
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Detailed distribution of lipids in Greenshell™ mussel (Perna canaliculus). Nutrients 2014; 6:1454-74. [PMID: 24732016 PMCID: PMC4011045 DOI: 10.3390/nu6041454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Greenshell™ mussels (GSM-Perna canaliculus) are a source of omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). Farmed GSM are considered to be a sustainable source of LC-PUFA as they require no dietary inputs, gaining all of their oil by filter-feeding microorganisms from sea water. GSM oil is a high-value product, with a value as much as 1000 times that of fish oils. GSM oil has important health benefits, for example, anti-inflammatory activity. It also contains several minor lipid components that are not present in most fish oil products, and that have their own beneficial effects on human health. We have shown the lipid content of the female GSM (1.9 g/100 g ww) was significantly greater than that of the male (1.4 g/100 g ww). Compared with male GSM, female GSM contained more n-3 LC-PUFA, and stored a greater proportion of total lipid in the gonad and mantle. The higher lipid content in the female than the male GSM is most likely related to gamete production. This information will be useful to optimize extraction of oils from GSM, a local and sustainable source of n-3 LC-PUFA.
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Hailat I, Helleur RJ. Direct analysis of sterols by derivatization matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:149-158. [PMID: 24338962 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Free sterols are neutral molecules that are difficult to analyze by MALDI or ESI and their molecular ions easily fragment. In order to increase their ionization efficiency and selectivity, sterols were derivatized by different reagents. METHODS Selected sterols were converted into their corresponding picolinyl esters, N-methylpyridyl ethers and sulphated esters. The derivatives were optimized for MALDI-TOFMS analysis through proper selection of the matrix. MALDI-TOF/TOF experiments were carried out to study the fragmentation pathways of the derivatives and their use in structural elucidation. Lipid extracts from mussels were used as test samples for MALDI analysis of sterols in biological samples also analyzed by GC/MS for comparison. RESULTS Sterol picolinyl esters were identified as sodiated adducts [M+Na](+) and the signal significantly enhanced after addition of sodium acetate (20 mM). Sterol N-methylpyridyl ethers were easily detected as [M](+) while sulphated sterols were best detected as [M-H](-). The ester bonds of picolinyl and sulphated esters easily cleaved in MS/MS resulting in diagnostic derivative fragments at m/z 146.03 and 96.89, respectively. Cleavage of the ether bond of N-methylpyridyl ethers gave a diagnostic fragment ion at m/z 110.04. Sterol profiles in mussels obtained by MALDI-TOFMS were in close agreement with those obtained by GC/MS. Two sterols (cholesterol and β-sitosterol) were selected for quantification as their sulphated and picolinyl esters. Calibration curves gave excellent correlation coefficients. CONCLUSIONS Suitable matrices for picolinyl esters are DHB and THAP, for N-methylpyridyl ethers THAP, and for sulphated esters p-nitroaniline and dithranol. Using cholesterol, the limits of detection (LODs) for sulphated esters were 0.2 µg/mL and for picolinyl esters, 1.5 µg/mL. N-Methylpyridyl ethers were found unsuitable for sterol quantitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyad Hailat
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada, A1B 3X7
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Anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of a lipid extract from hard-shelled mussel (Mytilus coruscus) on chronic arthritis in rats. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:568-88. [PMID: 24473164 PMCID: PMC3944504 DOI: 10.3390/md12020568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of a lipid extract from hard-shelled mussel (Mytilus coruscus) on adjuvant-induced (AIA) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. AIA and CIA rats that received hard-shelled mussel lipid extract (HMLE group) at a dose of 100 mg/kg demonstrated significantly lower paw swelling and arthritic index, but higher body weight gain than those which received olive oil (control group). Similar results were found in arthritic rats that received New Zealand green-lipped mussel lipid extract (GMLE) at the same dosage. The levels of leukotriene B4 (LTB4), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) in the serum, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, interferon-γ (INF-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the ankle joint synovial fluids of HMLE group rats were significantly lower than those of control group. However, the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in HMLE group rats were significantly higher than those in the control group. Decreased mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) and MMP13, but increased tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) were observed in the knee joint synovium tissues of HMLE group rats when compared with the control group. No hepatotoxicity was observed in both HMLE and GMLE group rats. The present results indicated that HMLE had a similarly strong anti-inflammatory activity as GMLE. Such a strong efficacy could result from the suppression of inflammatory mediators (LTB4, PGE2, TXB2), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α) and MMPs (MMP1, MMP13), and the promotion of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) and TIMPs (TIMP1) productions.
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Vaidya H, Cheema SK. Sea cucumber and blue mussel: new sources of phospholipid enriched omega-3 fatty acids with a potential role in 3T3-L1 adipocyte metabolism. Food Funct 2014; 5:3287-95. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00330f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Sea cucumber and blue mussel methanolic extracts are enriched inn-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids structured in the phospholipid form, which increases adipogenesis and decreases lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Vaidya
- Department of Biochemistry
- Memorial University
- St. John's, Canada
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40
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Cheong SH, Kim EK, Hwang JW, Kim YS, Lee JS, Moon SH, Jeon BT, Park PJ. Purification of a novel peptide derived from a shellfish, Crassostrea gigas, and evaluation of its anticancer property. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:11442-11446. [PMID: 24199654 DOI: 10.1021/jf4032553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel anticancer peptide was purified from Crassostrea gigas and investigated for its cytotoxic activity. To prepare the peptide, eight proteases were employed for enzymatic hydrolysis. Flavourzyme hydrolysate, which showed clearly superior cytotoxic activity on prostate cancer cells, was further purified using a membrane system and consecutive chromatographic methods. Finally, a novel anticancer peptide was obtained, and the sequence was partially purified as His-Phe-Asn-Ile-Gly-Asn-Arg-Cys-Leu-Cys at the N-terminus. The peptide purified from C. gigas effectively induced the death of prostate, breast, and lung cancer cells but not normal liver cells. This is the first report of an anticancer peptide derived from the enzymatic hydrolysates of C. gigas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Hee Cheong
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University , Chungju 380-701, Republic of Korea
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41
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Grienke U, Silke J, Tasdemir D. Bioactive compounds from marine mussels and their effects on human health. Food Chem 2013; 142:48-60. [PMID: 24001811 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of marine mussels as popular seafood has increased steadily over the past decades. Awareness of mussel derived molecules, that promote health, has contributed to extensive research efforts in that field. This review highlights the bioactive potential of mussel components from species of the genus Mytilus (e.g. M. edulis) and Perna (e.g. P. canaliculus). In particular, the bioactivity related to three major chemical classes of mussel primary metabolites, i.e. proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, is evaluated. Within the group of proteins the focus is mainly on mussel peptides e.g. those obtained by bio-transformation processes, such as fermentation. In addition, mussel lipids, comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), are discussed as compounds that are well known for prevention and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Within the third group of carbohydrates, mussel polysaccharides are investigated. Furthermore, the importance of monitoring the mussel as food material in respect to contaminations with natural toxins produced by microalgae is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Grienke
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway (NUIG), University Road, Galway, Ireland
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Influence of an intermittent food supply on energy storage by the subpolar deposit feeder Yoldia hyperborea (Bivalvia: Nuculanidae). Polar Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-013-1353-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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43
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Kim EK, Kim YS, Hwang JW, Kang SH, Choi DK, Lee KH, Lee JS, Moon SH, Jeon BT, Park PJ. Purification of a novel nitric oxide inhibitory peptide derived from enzymatic hydrolysates of Mytilus coruscus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 34:1416-1420. [PMID: 23500953 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Shellfish contain significant levels of high quality protein and are therefore a potential source for biofunctional high-value peptides. To purify a novel anti-inflammatory peptide from Mytilus coruscus (M. coruscus), we applied enzymatic hydrolysis and tangential flow filtration (TFF) and investigated its nitric oxide inhibitory property. To prepare the peptide, eight proteases were employed for enzymatic hydrolysis. Flavouzyme hydrolysates, which showed clearly superior nitric oxide inhibitory activity on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7, were further purified using a TFF system and consecutive chromatographic methods. Finally, a novel anti-inflammatory peptide composed of 10 amino acid residues was obtained, and the sequence was identified as Gly-Val-Ser-Leu-Leu-Gln-Gln-Phe-Phe-Leu at N-terminal position. The peptide from M. coruscus effectively inhibited nitric oxide production on macrophage cells. This is the first report of an anti-inflammatory peptide derived from the hydrolysates of M. coruscus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Kim
- Division of Food Bioscience, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Republic of Korea
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Mickleborough TD, Vaughn CL, Shei RJ, Davis EM, Wilhite DP. Marine lipid fraction PCSO-524 (lyprinol/omega XL) of the New Zealand green lipped mussel attenuates hyperpnea-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma. Respir Med 2013; 107:1152-63. [PMID: 23660397 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluate the effect of the marine lipid fraction of the New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) PCSO-524 (Lyprinol/Omega XL), rich in omega-3 fatty acids, on airway inflammation and the bronchoconstrictor response to eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea (EVH) in asthmatics. METHODS Twenty asthmatic subjects, with documented HIB, participated in a placebo controlled double-blind randomized crossover trial. Subjects entered the study on their usual diet and were then placed on 3 weeks of PCSO-524 or placebo supplementation, followed by a 2 week washout period, before crossing over to the alternative diet. Pre- and post-eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea (EVH) pulmonary function, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), asthma symptom scores, medication use, exhaled breath condensate (EBC) pH, cysteinyl leukotrienes (cyst-LT), 8-isoprostane and urinary 9α, 11β-prostaglandin (PG)F2 and Clara (CC16) protein concentrations were assessed at the beginning of the trial and at the end of each treatment period. RESULTS The PCSO-524 diet significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the maximum fall in post-EVH FEV1 (-8.4 ± 3.2%) compared to usual (-19.3 ± 5.4%) and placebo diet (-22.5 ± 13.7%). Pre- and post- EVH EBC cyst-LT and 8-isoprostane, and urinary 9α, 11β-PGF2 and CC16 concentrations were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) on the PCSO-524 diet compared to the usual and placebo diet. EBC pH and asthma symptom scores were significantly improved (p < 0.05) and rescue medication use significantly reduced (p < 0.05) on the PCSO-524 diet compared to the usual and placebo diet. CONCLUSION PCSO-524 (Lyprinol)/Omega XL) may have beneficial effects in HIB and asthma by serving as a pro-resolving agonist and/or inflammatory antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Mickleborough
- School of Public Health-Bloomington, Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance and Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, 1025 E. 7th St. SPH 112, Bloomington, IN 47404, USA.
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Determination of volatile compounds in New Zealand Greenshell™ mussels (Perna canaliculus) during chilled storage using solid phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2013; 136:218-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.07.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 07/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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LOU QIAOMING, WANG YUMING, XUE CHANGHU. LIPID AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF TWO SPECIES OF ABALONE,HALIOTIS DISCUS HANNAIINO ANDHALIOTIS DIVERSICOLORREEVE. J Food Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2011.00631.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Furan fatty acid as an anti-inflammatory component from the green-lipped mussel Perna canaliculus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:17533-7. [PMID: 21972415 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1110577108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A lipid extract of Perna canaliculus (New Zealand green-lipped mussel) has reportedly displayed anti-inflammatory effects in animal models and in human controlled studies. However, the anti-inflammatory lipid components have not been investigated in detail due to the instability of the lipid extract, which has made the identification of the distinct active components a formidable task. Considering the instability of the active component, we carefully fractionated a lipid extract of Perna canaliculus (Lyprinol) and detected furan fatty acids (F-acids). These naturally but rarely detected fatty acids show potent radical-scavenging ability and are essential constituents of plants and algae. Based on these data, it has been proposed that F-acids could be potential antioxidants, which may contribute to the protective properties of fish and fish oil diets against chronic inflammatory diseases. However, to date, in vivo data to support the hypothesis have not been obtained, presumably due to the limited availability of F-acids. To confirm the in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of F-acids in comparison with that of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), we developed a semisynthetic preparation and examined its anti-inflammatory activity in a rat model of adjuvant-induced arthritis. Indeed, the F-acid ethyl ester exhibited more potent anti-inflammatory activity than that of the EPA ethyl ester. We report on the in vivo activity of F-acids, confirming that the lipid extract of the green-lipped mussel includes an unstable fatty acid that is more effective than EPA.
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Effect of novel marine nutraceuticals on IL-1α-mediated TNF-α release from UVB-irradiated human melanocyte-derived cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2011; 2011:728645. [PMID: 21961050 PMCID: PMC3179886 DOI: 10.1155/2011/728645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
UV-induced inflammation and reactive oxygen species formation are involved in the development of melanoma. Natural products like 5β-scymnol and CO2-supercritical fluid extract (CO2-SFE) of mussel oil contain anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may aid in reducing the deleterious effects of UV radiation. Therefore, their effect on the release of the proinflammatory cytokine, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), from UVB-irradiated human melanocytic cells was examined. Human epidermal melanocytes (HEM) and MM96L melanoma cells were exposed to UVB radiation and IL-1α. Cell viability and TNF-α levels were determined 24 hours after-irradiation while p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation was observed at 15 min after-irradiation. When α-tocopherol, CO2-SFE mussel oil, and 5β-scymnol were added to the UVB-irradiated HEM cells treated with IL-1α, TNF-α levels fell by 53%, 65%, and 76%, respectively, while no inhibition was evident in MM96L cells. This effect was not due to inhibition of the intracellular p38 MAPK signalling pathway. These compounds may be useful in preventing inflammation-induced damage to normal melanocytes.
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Doggrell SA. Lyprinol-is it a useful anti-inflammatory agent? EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:307121. [PMID: 19383840 PMCID: PMC3163099 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2008] [Accepted: 03/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The New Zealand green lipped mussel preparation Lyprinol is available without a prescription from a supermarket, pharmacy or Web. The Food and Drug Administration have recently warned Lyprinol USA about their extravagant anti-inflammatory claims for Lyprinol appearing on the web. These claims are put to thorough review. Lyprinol does have anti-inflammatory mechanisms, and has anti-inflammatory effects in some animal models of inflammation. Lyprinol may have benefits in dogs with arthritis. There are design problems with the clinical trials of Lyprinol in humans as an anti-inflammatory agent in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, making it difficult to give a definite answer to how effective Lyprinol is in these conditions, but any benefit is small. Lyprinol also has a small benefit in atopic allergy. As anti-inflammatory agents, there is little to choose between Lyprinol and fish oil. No adverse effects have been reported with Lyprinol. Thus, although it is difficult to conclude whether Lyprinol does much good, it can be concluded that Lyprinol probably does no major harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila A Doggrell
- School of Life Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, GPO Box2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
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Makhutova ON, Sushchik NN, Gladyshev MI, Ageev AV, Pryanichnikova EG, Kalachova GS. Is the fatty acid composition of freshwater zoobenthic invertebrates controlled by phylogenetic or trophic factors? Lipids 2011; 46:709-21. [PMID: 21567302 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-011-3566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We studied the fatty acid (FA) content and composition of ten zoobenthic species of several taxonomic groups from different freshwater bodies. Special attention was paid to essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3), and arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6); and the n-3/n-6 and DHA/ARA ratios, which are important for consumers of higher trophic levels, i.e., fish. The content and ratios of these FA varied significantly in the studied zoobenthic species, consequently, the invertebrates were of different nutritional quality for fish. Eulimnogammarus viridis (Crustacea) and Dendrocoelopsis sp. (Turbellaria) had the highest nutrition value for fish concerning the content of EPA and DHA and n-3/n-6 and DHA/ARA ratios. Using canonical correspondence analysis we compared the FA profiles of species of the studied taxa taking into account their feeding strategies and habitats. We gained evidence that feeding strategy is of importance to determine fatty acid profiles of zoobenthic species. However, the phylogenetic position of the zoobenthic species is also responsible and may result in a similar fatty acid composition even if species or populations inhabit different water bodies or have different feeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesia N Makhutova
- Institute of Biophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Akademgorodok, 660036, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
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