1
|
Milan A, Mioc M, Mioc A, Gogulescu A, Mardale G, Avram Ș, Maksimović T, Mara B, Șoica C. Cytotoxic Potential of Betulinic Acid Fatty Esters and Their Liposomal Formulations: Targeting Breast, Colon, and Lung Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2024; 29:3399. [PMID: 39064977 PMCID: PMC11279467 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Betulinic acid is a lupane-type pentacyclic triterpene mostly found in birch bark and thoroughly explored for its wide range of pharmacological activities. Despite its impressive biological potential, its low bioavailability has challenged many researchers to develop different formulations for achieving better in vitro and in vivo effects. We previously reported the synthesis of fatty acid esters of betulinic acid using butyric, stearic, and palmitic acids (But-BA, St-BA, and Pal-BA) and included them in surfaced-modified liposomes (But-BA-Lip, St-BA-Lip, Pal-BA-Lip). In the current study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effects of both fatty acid esters and their respective liposomal formulations against MCF-7, HT-29, and NCI-H460 cell line. The cytotoxic assessment of BA derivatives revealed that both the fatty esters and their liposomal formulations acted as cytotoxic agents in a dose- and time-dependent manner. But-BA-Lip exerted stronger cytotoxic effects than the parent compound, BA and its liposomal formulation, and even stronger effects than 5-FU against HT-29 cells (IC50 of 30.57 μM) and NCI-H460 cells (IC50 of 30.74 μM). BA's fatty esters and their respective liposomal formulations facilitated apoptosis in cancer cells by inducing nuclear morphological changes and increasing caspase-3/-7 activity. The HET-CAM assay proved that none of the tested compounds induced any irritative effect, suggesting that they can be used safely for local applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Milan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (Ș.A.); (T.M.); (B.M.); (C.Ș.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (Ș.A.); (T.M.); (B.M.); (C.Ș.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (Ș.A.); (T.M.); (B.M.); (C.Ș.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Armand Gogulescu
- Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Gabriel Mardale
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (Ș.A.); (T.M.); (B.M.); (C.Ș.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Ștefana Avram
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (Ș.A.); (T.M.); (B.M.); (C.Ș.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Tamara Maksimović
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (Ș.A.); (T.M.); (B.M.); (C.Ș.)
| | - Bogdan Mara
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (Ș.A.); (T.M.); (B.M.); (C.Ș.)
- Institute of Chemistry Coriolan Drăgulescu, 24 Mihai Viteazu Ave, 300223 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Codruța Șoica
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.M.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.); (Ș.A.); (T.M.); (B.M.); (C.Ș.)
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hanif A, Ibrahim AH, Ismail S, Al-Rawi SS, Ahmad JN, Hameed M, Mustufa G, Tanwir S. Cytotoxicity against A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Line via the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Nuclear Condensation Effects of Nepeta paulsenii Briq., a Perennial Herb. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062812. [PMID: 36985784 PMCID: PMC10054104 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Nepeta belongs to the largest Lamiaceae family, with 300 species, which are distributed throughout the various regions of Africa, Asia, India, and America. Along with other plant families distinguished by their medicinal and therapeutic values, the Nepeta genus of Lameaceae remains relatively valuable. Hence, the phytochemicals of N. paulsenii Briq. were extracted using different plant parts, i.e., leaves, stem, roots, flowers, and the whole plant by using various solvents (ethanol, water, and ethyl acetate), obtaining 15 fractions. Each extract of dried plant material was analyzed by FT-IR and GC-MS to identify the chemical constituents. The cytotoxicity of each fraction was analyzed by MTT assay and mitochondrial membrane potential and nuclear condensation assays against lung cancer cells. Among the ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts, the flowers showed the best results, with IC50 values of 51.57 μg/mL and 50.58 μg/mL, respectively. In contrast, among the water extracts of the various plant segments, the stem showed the best results, with an IC50 value of 123.80 μg/mL. 5-flourouracil was used as the standard drug, providing an IC50 value of 83.62 μg/mL. The Hoechst 33342 stain results indicated apoptotic features, i.e., chromatin dissolution and broken down, fragmented, and crescent-shaped nuclei. The ethanolic extracts of the flowers showed more pronounced apoptotic effects on the cells. The mitochondrial membrane potential indicated that rhodamine 123 fluorescence signals suppressed mitochondrial potential due to the treatment with the extracts. Again, the apoptotic index of the ethanolic extract of the flowers remained the highest. Hence it can be concluded that the flower part of N. paulsenii Briq. was found to be the most active against the A459 human lung cancer cell line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Hanif
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad H Ibrahim
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, 100mt. St., Near Baz Interaction, Erbil 44001, KRG, Iraq
| | - Sidra Ismail
- Incharge Health Officer, BHU 418 GB, Faisalabad 37150, Pakistan
| | - Sawsan S Al-Rawi
- Biology Education Department, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, 100mt. St., Near Baz Interaction, Erbil 44001, KRG, Iraq
| | - Jam Nazeer Ahmad
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mansoor Hameed
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustufa
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Samina Tanwir
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Structure-Activity Relationships of the Antimalarial Agent Artemisinin 10. Synthesis and Antimalarial Activity of Enantiomers of rac-5β-Hydroxy-d-Secoartemisinin and Analogs: Implications Regarding the Mechanism of Action. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144163. [PMID: 34299438 PMCID: PMC8304634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of rac-6-desmethyl-5β–hydroxy-d-secoartemisinin 2, a tricyclic analog of R-(+)-artemisinin 1, was accomplished and the racemate was resolved into the (+)-2b and (−)-2a enantiomers via their Mosher Ester diastereomers. Antimalarial activity resided with only the artemisinin-like enantiomer R-(−)-2a. Several new compounds 9–16, 19a, 19b, 22 and 29 were synthesized from rac-2 but the C-5 secondary hydroxyl group was surprisingly unreactive. For example, the formation of carbamates and Mitsunobu reactions were unsuccessful. In order to assess the unusual reactivity of 2, a single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed a close intramolecular hydrogen bond from the C-5 alcohol to the oxepane ether oxygen (O-11). All products were tested in vitro against the W-2 and D-6 strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Several of the analogs had moderate activity in comparison to the natural product 1. Iron (II) bromide-promoted rearrangement of 2 gave, in 50% yield, the ring-contracted tetrahydrofuran 22, while the 5-ketone 15 provided a monocyclic methyl ketone 29 (50%). Neither 22 nor 29 possessed in vitro antimalarial activity. These results have implications in regard to the antimalarial mechanism of action of artemisinin.
Collapse
|
4
|
Atukuri D, Gunjal R, Holagundi N, Korlahalli B, Gangannavar S, Akkasali K. Contribution of N-heterocycles towards anti-tubercular drug discovery (2014-2019); predicted and reengineered molecular frameworks. Drug Dev Res 2021; 82:767-783. [PMID: 33660325 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, responsible for high death frequency every year all over the world. In this regard, efficient drug-design and discovery towards the prevention of M.tb H37 Rv is of prime concern. Prevention of the infection may include vaccination, and the treatment comprises anti-TB drug regimen. However, the vaccine decreases the risk of tuberculosis infection only to some extent, while drug-resistance limits the efficacy of the existing anti-TB agents. Much improvement has to be achieved to overcome pitfalls such as side effects, high-toxicity, low bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and hence forth in clinical therapeutics. Amongst heterocyclic compounds, N-heterocycles played a pivotal role in drug-design and discovery. A wide range of microbial diseases are being treated by the N-heterocyclic drugs. The present review comprises description of anti-TB effects of the N-heterocycles such as indoles, triazoles, thiazoles, and pyrazoles. The potent anti-TB activity exerted by the derivatives of these heterocycles is evaluated critically alongside emphasizing structure-activity relationship. Besides, docking studies supporting anti-TB activity is supplemented. Alongside this, based on the potent heterocyclic molecules, the molecular frameworks are designed that would bring about enhanced M. tb H37 Rv inhibitory potencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorababu Atukuri
- Department of Chemistry, SRMPP Govt. First Grade College, Huvinahadagali, India
| | - Rutu Gunjal
- Department of Chemistry, SRMPP Govt. First Grade College, Huvinahadagali, India
| | - Nagaraj Holagundi
- Department of Chemistry, SRMPP Govt. First Grade College, Huvinahadagali, India
| | | | | | - Kirankumar Akkasali
- Department of Chemistry, SRMPP Govt. First Grade College, Huvinahadagali, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu L, Shan L, Zhu J, Li L, Li S, Wang L, Wang J, Zhang S, Zhou H, Zhang W, Li H. Discovery of a natural fluorescent probe targeting the Plasmodium falciparum cysteine protease falcipain-2. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:1016-1025. [PMID: 32048162 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1581-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The Plasmodium falciparum cysteine protease falcipain-2 (FP-2) is an attractive antimalarial target. Here, we discovered that the natural compound NP1024 is a nonpeptidic inhibitor of FP-2 with an IC50 value of 0.44 μmol L-1. The most exciting finding is that both in vitro and in vivo, NP1024 directly targets FP-2 in malaria parasite-infected erythrocytes as a natural fluorescent probe, thereby paving the way for an integration of malaria diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lei Shan
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Junsheng Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shiliang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shoude Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hongchang Zhou
- School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Honglin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Luo P, Wei W, Haider S, Khan SI, Wang M, Pan W, Chittiboyina AG. Synthesis of benzonaphthofuroquinones and benzoylnaphthindolizinediones by reactions of flavonoids with dichlone under basylous, oxygenous and aqueous conditions: their cytotoxic and apoptotic activities. RSC Adv 2020; 10:28644-28652. [PMID: 35520063 PMCID: PMC9055798 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06043g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Using flavonoids and dichlone as substrates, six benzonaphthofuroquinones and three benzoylnaphthindolizinediones were synthesized through common base-catalyzed method and a new method of combining base-catalyzed with O2/H2O exposing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Wanxing Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
| | - Saqlain Haider
- National Center for Natural Products Research
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Mississippi
- University Park
- USA
| | - Shabana I. Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Mississippi
- University Park
- USA
| | - Mei Wang
- National Center for Natural Products Research
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Mississippi
- University Park
- USA
| | - Weigao Pan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Amar G. Chittiboyina
- National Center for Natural Products Research
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Mississippi
- University Park
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Discovery of (3-Benzyl-5-hydroxyphenyl)carbamates as New Antitubercular Agents with Potent In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24102021. [PMID: 31137832 PMCID: PMC6572244 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24102021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 3-amino-5-benzylphenol derivatives were designed and synthesized. Among them, (3-benzyl-5-hydroxyphenyl)carbamates were found to exert good inhibitory activity against M. tuberculosis H37Ra, H37Rv and clinically isolated multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains (MIC = 0.625–6.25 μg/mL). The privileged compounds 3i and 3l showed moderate cytotoxicity against cell line A549. Compound 3l also exhibited potent in vivo inhibitory activity on a mouse infection model via the oral administration. The results demonstrated 3-hydroxyphenylcarbamates as a class of new antitubercular agents with good potential.
Collapse
|
8
|
Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic Cytochalasins from an Endophytic Fungus, Nemania sp. UM10M, Isolated from a Diseased Torreya taxifolia Leaf. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24040777. [PMID: 30795572 PMCID: PMC6413121 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of an EtOAc extract of the broth of the endophytic fungus Nemania sp. UM10M (Xylariaceae) isolated from a diseased Torreya taxifolia leaf afforded three known cytochalasins, 19,20-epoxycytochalasins C (1) and D (2), and 18-deoxy-19,20-epoxy-cytochalasin C (3). All three compounds showed potent in vitro antiplasmodial activity and phytotoxicity with no cytotoxicity to Vero cells. These compounds exhibited moderate to weak cytotoxicity to some of the cell lines of a panel of solid tumor (SK-MEL, KB, BT-549, and SK-OV-3) and kidney epithelial cells (LLC-PK11). Evaluation of in vivo antimalarial activity of 19,20-epoxycytochalasin C (1) in a mouse model at 100 mg/kg dose showed that this compound had weak suppressive antiplasmodial activity and was toxic to animals.
Collapse
|
9
|
Liang J, Tang YX, Tang XZ, Liang HJ, Gao Y, Fang C, Zhang TY, Yan M. Discovery of meta-Amido Bromophenols as New Antitubercular Agents. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:372-381. [PMID: 30686792 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of meta-amido bromophenol derivatives were designed and synthesized. The compounds were found to potently inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra. They also exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and multidrug-resistant strains. The compounds did not show inhibitory activity against normal Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Moderate cytotoxicities and good metabolic stability were observed for the selected compounds. The results demonstrated meta-amido bromophenols as a new class of antitubercular agents with good potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Yun-Xiang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Science.,Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University
| | | | - Hua-Ju Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Yamin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Science.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)
| | - Cuiting Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Science.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)
| | - Tian-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Science.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS)
| | - Ming Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang NN, Liu ZY, Liang J, Tang YX, Qian L, Gao YM, Zhang TY, Yan M. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of m-amidophenol derivatives as a new class of antitubercular agents. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1293-1304. [PMID: 30151083 PMCID: PMC6096355 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00212f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of m-amidophenol derivatives (6a-6l, 7a-7q, 9a, 9b, 12a-12c, 14 and 15) were designed and synthesized. Their antitubercular activities were evaluated in vitro against M. tuberculosis strains H37Ra and H37Rv and clinically isolated multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains. Ten compounds displayed minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against M. tuberculosis H37Ra below 2.5 μg mL-1 and 6g was the most active compound (MIC = 0.625 μg mL-1). Compounds 6g and 7a also showed potent inhibitory activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv (MIC = 0.39 μg mL-1) and several clinically isolated multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains (MIC = 0.39-3.125 μg mL-1). The compounds did not show inhibitory activity against normal Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. They exhibited low cytotoxicity against HepG2 and RAW264.7 cell lines. The results demonstrated m-amidophenol as an attractive scaffold for the development of new antitubercular agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niu-Niu Zhang
- Institute of Drug Synthesis and Pharmaceutical Process , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China .
| | - Zhi-Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jie Liang
- Institute of Drug Synthesis and Pharmaceutical Process , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China .
| | - Yun-Xiang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology , Anhui University , Hefei , China
| | - Lu Qian
- Institute of Drug Synthesis and Pharmaceutical Process , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China .
| | - Ya-Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) , Beijing , China
| | - Tian-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease , Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) , Beijing , China
| | - Ming Yan
- Institute of Drug Synthesis and Pharmaceutical Process , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China .
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jain M, Reddy CVRP, Halder M, Singh S, Kumar R, Wasudeo SG, Singh PP, Khan SI, Jacob MR, Tekwani BL, Jain R. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 8-Quinolinamines and Their Amino Acid Conjugates as Broad-Spectrum Anti-infectives. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:3060-3075. [PMID: 30023858 PMCID: PMC6045484 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b02047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the search of therapeutic agents for emerging drug-resistant parasites, the synthesis of newer classes of 8-quinolinamines has emerged as a successful chemotherapeutic approach. We report synthesis of 8-quinolinamines bearing 5-alkoxy, 4-methyl, and 2-tert-butyl groups in the quinoline framework and their amino acid conjugates as broad-spectrum anti-infectives. 8-Quinolinamines exhibited potent in vitro antimalarial activity [IC50 = 20-4760 ng/mL (drug-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum D6 strain) and IC50 = 22-4760 ng/mL (drug-resistant P. falciparum W2 strain)]. The most promising analogues have cured all animals at 25 mg/kg/day against drug-sensitive Plasmodium berghei and at 50 mg/kg/day against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis infections in Swiss mice. The in vitro antileishmanial activities (IC50 = 0.84-5.0 μg/mL and IC90 = 1.95-7.0 μg/mL) comparable to standard drug pentamidine were exhibited by several of the synthesized 8-quinolinamines. At the same time, very promising antifungal activities (Candida albicans-IC50 = 4.93-19.38 μg/mL; Candida glabrata-IC50 = 3.96-19.22 μg/mL; Candida krusei-IC50 = 2.89-18.95 μg/mL; Cryptococcus neoformans-IC50 = 0.67-18.64 μg/mL; and Aspergillus fumigatus-IC50 = 6.0-19.32 μg/mL) and antibacterial activities (Staphylococcus aureus-IC50 = 1.33-18.9 μg/mL; methicillin-resistant S. aureus-IC50 = 1.38-15.34 μg/mL; and Mycobacterium intracellulare-IC50 = 3.12-20 μg/mL) were also observed. None of the 8-quinolinamines exhibited cytotoxicity and therefore are a promising structural class of compounds as antiparasitic and antimicrobials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Jain
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - C. V. Ravi P. Reddy
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Moumita Halder
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Savita Singh
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Randheer Kumar
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Sagar Gajbe Wasudeo
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Prati Pal Singh
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Shabana I. Khan
- National
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Melissa R. Jacob
- National
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Babu L. Tekwani
- National
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Oxford, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Rahul Jain
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Pharmacology and
Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abd-Rabou AA, A Zoheir KM, Kishta MS, Shalby AB, Ezzo MI. Nano-Micelle of Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil Triggers Mitochondrial Cancer Cell Apoptosis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:4929-4933. [PMID: 28032498 PMCID: PMC5454698 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2016.17.11.4929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer, a worldwide epidemic disease with diverse origins, involves abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade other parts of the body. Globally, it is the main cause of mortality and morbidity. To overcome the drawbacks of the commercially available chemotherapies, natural products-loaded nano-composites are recommended to improve cancer targetability and decrease the harmful impact on normal cells. This study aimed at exploring the anti-cancer impacts of Moringa oleifera seed oil in its free- (MO) and nano-formulations (MOn) through studying whether it mechanistically promotes mitochondrial apoptosis-mediating cell death. Mitochondrial-based cytotoxicity and flow cytometric-based apoptosis analyses were performed on cancer HepG2, MCF7, HCT 116, and Caco-2 cell lines against normal kidney BHK-21 cell line. The present study resulted that MOn triggered colorectal cancer Caco-2 and HCT 116 cytotoxicity via mitochondrial dysfunction more powerful than its free counterpart (MO). On the other side, MOn and MO remarkably induces HCT 116 mitochondrial apoptosis, while sparing normal BHK-21 cells with minimal cytotoxic effect. The present results concluded that nano-micelle of Moringa oleifera seed oil (MOn) can provide a novel therapeutic approach for colorectal and breast cancers via mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, while sparing normal and even liver cancer cells a bit healthy or with minimal harmful effect. Intriguingly, MOn induced breast cancer not hepatocellular carcinoma cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Abd-Rabou
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, 12622 Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yu Q, Ravu RR, Jacob MR, Khan SI, Agarwal AK, Yu BY, Li XC. Synthesis of Natural Acylphloroglucinol-Based Antifungal Compounds against Cryptococcus Species. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:2195-2201. [PMID: 27584935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-three natural-product-based acylphloroglucinol derivatives were synthesized to identify antifungal compounds against Cryptococcus spp. that cause the life-threatening disseminated cryptococcosis. In vitro antifungal testing showed that 17 compounds were active against C. neoformans ATCC 90113, C. neoformans H99, and C. gattii ATCC 32609, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the range 1.0-16.7 μg/mL. Analysis of the structure and antifungal activity of these compounds indicated that the 2,4-diacyl- and 2-acyl-4-alkylphloroglucinols were more active than O-alkyl-acylphloroglucinols. The most promising compound found was 2-methyl-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-(4-isopropylbenzyl)phenyl)propan-1-one (11j), which exhibited potent antifungal activity (MICs, 1.5-2.1 μg/mL) and low cytotoxicity against the mammalian Vero and LLC-PK1 cell lines (IC50 values >50 μg/mL). This compound may serve as a template for further synthesis of new analogues with improved antifungal activity. The findings of the present work may contribute to future antifungal discovery toward pharmaceutical development of new treatments for cryptococcosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | - Bo-Yang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Metabolite profiling in Trigonella seeds via UPLC-MS and GC-MS analyzed using multivariate data analyses. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:8065-8078. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
15
|
Elsayed EA, Sharaf-Eldin MA, Wadaan M. In vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxic Activities of Essential Oil from Moringa oleifera Seeds on HeLa, HepG2, MCF-7, CACO-2 and L929 Cell Lines. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:4671-5. [PMID: 26107222 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.11.4671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is widely consumed in tropical and subtropical regions for their valuable nutritional and medicinal characteristics. Recently, extensive research has been conducted on leaf extracts of M. oleifera to evaluate their potential cytotoxic effects. However, with the exception of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, little information is present on the cytotoxic activity of the essential oil obtained from M. oleifera seeds. Therefore, the present investigation was designed to investigate the potential cytotoxic activity of seed essential oil obtained from M. oleifera on HeLa, HepG2, MCF-7, CACO-2 and L929 cell lines. The different cell lines were subjected to increasing oil concentrations ranging from 0.15 to 1 mg/mL for 24h, and the cytotoxicity was assessed using MTT assay. All treated cell lines showed a significant reduction in cell viability in response to the increasing oil concentration. Moreover, the reduction depended on the cell line as well as the oil concentration applied. Additionally, HeLa cells were the most affected cells followed by HepG2, MCF-7, L929 and CACO-2, where the percentages of cell toxicity recorded were 76.1, 65.1, 59.5, 57.0 and 49.7%, respectively. Furthermore, the IC50 values obtained for MCF-7, HeLa and HepG2 cells were 226.1, 422.8 and 751.9 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusively, the present investigation provides preliminary results which suggest that seed essential oil from M. oleifera has potent cytotoxic activities against cancer cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elsayed Ahmed Elsayed
- Department of Zoology, Bioproducts Research Chair, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia E-mail :
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yu Q, Ravu RR, Xu QM, Ganji S, Jacob MR, Khan SI, Yu BY, Li XC. Antibacterial Prenylated Acylphloroglucinols from Psorothamnus fremontii. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2748-2753. [PMID: 26469557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Psorothatins A-C (1-3), three antibacterial prenylated acylphloroglucinol derivatives, were isolated from the native American plant Psorothamnus fremontii. They feature an unusual α,β-epoxyketone functionality and a β-hydroxy-α,β-unsaturated ketone structural moiety. The latter forms a pseudo-six-membered heterocyclic ring due to strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding, as indicated by the long-range proton-carbon correlations in the NMR experiments. Psorothatin C (3) was the most active compound against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, with IC50 values in the range 1.4-8.8 μg/mL. The first total synthesis of 3 described herein permits future access to structural analogues with potentially improved antibacterial activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bo-Yang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yadav RR, Khan SI, Singh S, Khan IA, Vishwakarma RA, Bharate SB. Synthesis, antimalarial and antitubercular activities of meridianin derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 98:160-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
18
|
Abdelazeem AH, Khan SI, White SW, Sufka KJ, McCurdy CR. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of bivalent benzoxazolone and benzothiazolone ligands as potential anti-inflammatory/analgesic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3248-59. [PMID: 25975638 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Benzoxazolone and benzothiazolone were used as template blocks to develop two series of dimers as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents based on the concept of bivalent ligands. The first series (I) involved varying the carbon chain lengths extending from the piperazine core to the nitrogen atom of the dibenzo[d]oxazol-2(3H)-one or dibenzo[d]thiazol-2(3H)-one. The second series (II) was designed by changing the attachment point. All compounds were screened for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity in terms of the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Seventeen compounds inhibited both targets. Eleven of them exhibited IC50 values below 3μM while five compounds showed IC50 values of 1μM or below. Most of the compounds were found to be devoid of cytotoxicity against mammalian kidney and solid tumors cell lines up to 25μg/mL. In vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive studies revealed that compounds 3j, 5t and 8b have significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity comparable to that of indomethacin and ketorolac, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Abdelazeem
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Shabana I Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Stephen W White
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Kenneth J Sufka
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Christopher R McCurdy
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA; Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu YQ, Tian J, Qian K, Zhao XB, Morris-Natschke SL, Yang L, Nan X, Tian X, Lee KH. Recent progress on C-4-modified podophyllotoxin analogs as potent antitumor agents. Med Res Rev 2015; 35:1-62. [PMID: 24827545 PMCID: PMC4337794 DOI: 10.1002/med.21319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (PPT), as well as its congeners and derivatives, exhibits pronounced biological activities, especially antineoplastic effects. Its strong inhibitory effect on tumor cell growth led to the development of three of the most highly prescribed anticancer drugs in the world, etoposide, teniposide, and the water-soluble prodrug etoposide phosphate. Their clinical success as well as intriguing mechanism of action stimulated great interest in further modification of PPT for better antitumor activity. The C-4 position has been a major target for structural derivatization aimed at either producing more potent compounds or overcoming drug resistance. Accordingly, numerous PPT derivatives have been prepared via hemisynthesis and important structure-activity relationship (SAR) correlations have been identified. Several resulting compounds, including GL-331, TOP-53, and NK611, reached clinical trials. Some excellent reviews on the distribution, sources, applications, synthesis, and SAR of PPT have been published. This review focuses on a second generation of new etoposide-related drugs and provides detailed coverage of the current status and recent development of C-4-modified PPT analogs as anticancer clinical trial candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Keduo Qian
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Xiao-Bo Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Susan L. Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Liu Yang
- Environmental and Municipal Engineering School, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Nan
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Novel pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives targeting COXs and iNOS enzymes; design, synthesis and biological evaluation as potential anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 62:197-211. [PMID: 24907682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel set of 4-substituted-1-phenyl-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine and 5-substituted-1-phenyl-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential anti-inflammatory agents. The newly prepared compounds were assessed through the examination of their in vitro inhibition of four targets; cyclooxygenases subtypes (COX-1 and COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Compounds 8a, 10c and 13c were the most potent and selective ligands against COX-2 with inhibition percentages of 79.6%, 78.7% and 78.9% at a concentration of 2 μM respectively, while compound 13c significantly inhibited both COX subtypes. On the other hand, fourteen compounds showed high iNOS inhibitory activities with IC50 values in the range of 0.22-8.5μM where the urea derivative 11 was the most active compound with IC50 value of 0.22 μM. Most of the tested compounds were found to be devoid of inhibitory activity against NF-kB. Moreover, almost all compounds were not cytotoxic, (up to 25 μg/ml), against a panel of normal and cancer cell lines. The in silico docking results were in agreement with the in vitro inhibitory activities against COXs and iNOS enzymes. The results of in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive studies were consistent with that of in vitro studies which confirmed that compounds 8a, 10c and 13c have significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities comparable to that of the control, ketorolac. Taken together, dual inhibition of COXs and iNOS with novel pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives is a valid strategy for the development of anti-inflammatory/analgesic agents with the probability of fewer side effects.
Collapse
|
21
|
Ankisetty S, Khan SI, Avula B, Gochfeld D, Khan IA, Slattery M. Chlorinated didemnins from the tunicate Trididemnum solidum. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:4478-86. [PMID: 24284424 PMCID: PMC3853740 DOI: 10.3390/md11114478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the tunicate Trididemnum solidum resulted in the isolation of two new chlorinated compounds belonging to the didemnin class, along with two known compounds didemnin A and didemnin B. The structural determination of the compounds was based on extensive NMR and mass spectroscopic analysis. The isolated compounds 1-4 were tested for their anti-inflammatory activity using in vitro assays for inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activity. The anti-cell proliferative activity of the above compounds was also evaluated against four solid tumor cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sridevi Ankisetty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; E-Mails: (S.I.K.); (I.A.K.)
| | - Shabana I. Khan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; E-Mails: (S.I.K.); (I.A.K.)
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; E-Mails: (B.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Bharathi Avula
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; E-Mails: (B.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Deborah Gochfeld
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; E-Mails: (B.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Ikhlas A. Khan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; E-Mails: (S.I.K.); (I.A.K.)
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; E-Mails: (B.A.); (D.G.)
| | - Marc Slattery
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; E-Mails: (S.I.K.); (I.A.K.)
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; E-Mails: (B.A.); (D.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ahmed N, Brahmbhatt KG, Khan SI, Jacob M, Tekwani BL, Sabde S, Mitra D, Singh IP, Khan IA, Bhutani KK. Synthesis and biological evaluation of tricyclic guanidine analogues of batzelladine K for antimalarial, antileishmanial, antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-HIV activities. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 81:491-8. [PMID: 23534411 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Fifty analogues of batzelladine K were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antimalarial (Plasmodium falciparum), antileishmanial (Leishmania donovani), antimicrobial (panel of bacteria and fungi), antiviral (HIV-1) activities. Analogues 14h and 20l exhibited potential antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive D6 strain with IC(50) 1.25 and 0.88 μM and chloroquine-resistant W2 strain with IC(50) 1.64 and 1.07 μM, respectively. Analogues 12c and 14c having nonyl substitution showed the most potent antileishmanial activity with IC(50) 2.39 and 2.78 μM and IC(90) 11.27 and 12.76 μM, respectively. Three analogues 12c, 14c, and 14i were the most active against various pathogenic bacteria and fungi with IC(50) < 3.02 μM and MIC/MBC/MFC <6 μM. Analogue 20l having pentyl and methyl substituents on tricycle showed promising activities against all pathogens. However, none was found active against HIV-1. Our study demonstrated that the tricyclic guanidine compounds provide new structural class for broad spectrum activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nafees Ahmed
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bharate SB, Bharate JB, Khan SI, Tekwani BL, Jacob MR, Mudududdla R, Yadav RR, Singh B, Sharma PR, Maity S, Singh B, Khan IA, Vishwakarma RA. Discovery of 3,3'-diindolylmethanes as potent antileishmanial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 63:435-43. [PMID: 23517732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient protocol for synthesis of 3,3'-diindolylmethanes using recyclable Fe-pillared interlayered clay (Fe-PILC) catalyst under aqueous medium has been developed. All synthesized 3,3'-diindolylmethanes showed promising antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani promastigotes as well as axenic amastigotes. Structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that nitroaryl substituted diindolylmethanes showed potent antileishmanial activity. The 4-nitrophenyl linked 3,3'-diindolylmethane 8g was found to be the most potent antileishmanial analog showing IC50 values of 7.88 and 8.37 μM against both L. donovani promastigotes and amastigotes, respectively. Further, a pharmacophore based QSAR model was established to understand the crucial molecular features of 3,3'-diindolylmethanes essential for potent antileishmanial activity. These compounds also exhibited promising antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans, wherein fluorophenyl substituted 3,3'-diindolylmethanes were found to be most potent antifungal agents. Developed synthetic protocol will be useful for economical and eco-friendly synthesis of potent antileishmanial and antifungal 3,3'-diindolylmethane class of compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip B Bharate
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Al-Rehaily AJ, Ahmad MS, Mustafa J, Al-Oqail MM, Hassan WH, Khan SI, Khan IA. Solanopubamine, a rare steroidal alkaloid from Solanum schimperianum: Synthesis of some new alkyl and acyl derivatives, their anticancer and antimicrobial evaluation. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
25
|
Synthesis and characterization of novel n-9 fatty acid conjugates possessing antineoplastic properties. Lipids 2012; 47:973-86. [PMID: 22923370 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-012-3707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study enumerates the synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and evaluation of anticancer potential of esters of two n-9 fatty acids viz., oleic acid (OLA) and ricinoleic acid (RCA) with 2,4- or 2,6-diisopropylphenol. The synthesis strategy involved esterification of the hydroxyl group of diisopropylphenol (propofol) to the terminal carboxyl group of n-9 fatty acid. The synthesized propofol-n-9 conjugates having greater lipophilic character were tested initially for cytotoxicity in-vitro. The conjugates showed specific growth inhibition of cancer cell lines whereas no effect was observed in normal cells. In general, pronounced growth inhibition was found against the human skin malignant melanoma cell line (SK-MEL-1). The anticancer potential was also determined by testing the effect of these conjugates on cell migration, cell adhesion and induction of apoptosis in SK-MEL-1 cancer cells. Propofol-OLA conjugates significantly induced apoptosis in contrast to propofol-RCA conjugates which showed only weak signals for cytochrome c. Conclusively, the synthesized novel ester conjugates showed considerable moderation of anti-tumor activity. This preliminary study places in-house synthesized conjugates into the new class of anticancer agents that possess selectivity toward cancer cells over normal cells.
Collapse
|
26
|
Kumarihamy M, Khan SI, Jacob M, Tekwani BL, Duke SO, Ferreira D, Nanayakkara ND. Antiprotozoal and antimicrobial compounds from the plant pathogen Septoria pistaciarum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:883-9. [PMID: 22530813 PMCID: PMC3361971 DOI: 10.1021/np200940b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Four new 1,4-dihydroxy-5-phenyl-2-pyridinone alkaloids, 17-hydroxy-N-(O-methyl)septoriamycin A (1), 17-acetoxy-N-(O-methyl)septoriamycin A (2), 13-(S)-hydroxy-N-(O-methyl)septoriamycin A (3), and 13-(R)-hydroxy-N-(O-methyl)septoriamycin A (4), together with the known compounds (+)-cercosporin (5), (+)-14-O-acetylcercosporin (6), (+)-di-O-acetylcercosporin (7), lumichrome, and brassicasterol, were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of a culture medium of Septoria pistaciarum. Methylation of septoriamycin A (8) with diazomethane yielded three di-O-methyl analogues, two of which existed as mixtures of rotamers. We previously reported antimalarial activity of septoriamycin A. This compound also exhibited significant activity against Leishmania donovani promastigotes. Compounds 5-7 showed moderate in vitro activity against L. donovani promastigotes and chloroquine-sensitive (D6) and -resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum, whereas compound 5 was fairly active against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Compounds 5-7 also displayed moderate phytotoxic activity against both a dicot (lettuce, Lactuca sativa) and a monocot (bentgrass, Agrostis stolonifera) and cytotoxicity against a panel of cell lines.
Collapse
|
27
|
Abdel-Mageed WM, Backheet EY, Khalifa AA, Ibraheim ZZ, Ross SA. Antiparasitic antioxidant phenylpropanoids and iridoid glycosides from Tecoma mollis. Fitoterapia 2012; 83:500-7. [PMID: 22245081 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 12/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
A radical scavenging guided phytochemical study on the stem bark of Tecoma mollis afforded seven active phenylpropanoid glycosides (1-7), including a new one (4), and one iridoid (8). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidences and correlated with known compounds. Compounds (1-7) displayed promising antioxidant activity (DPPH assay) in relation to ascorbic acid (positive control). The antimicrobial activity for compounds (1-8) was evaluated against five bacterial and five fungal strains. The isolated compounds exhibited nonselective weak to moderate antimicrobial activity. The highest antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani was observed for compound (7) with an IC₅₀ value of 6.71 μg/ml, using pentamidine and amphotericin B as drug controls. Compound (5) exhibited moderate antimalarial activity (45% inhibition) against chloroquine sensitive (D6) clones of Plasmodium falciparum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wael M Abdel-Mageed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Antimicrobial and antiprotozoal activities of secondary metabolites from the fungus Eurotium repens. Med Chem Res 2011; 21:3080-3086. [PMID: 23024574 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9798-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examined in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, and antileishmanial activities of secondary metabolites (1-8) isolated from the fungus Eurotium repens. All compounds showed mild to moderate antibacterial or antifungal or both activities except 7. The activity of compound 6 was the best of the group tested. The in vitro antimalarial evaluation of these compounds revealed that compounds 1-3, 5, and 6 showed antimalarial activities against both chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum with IC(50) values in the range of 1.1-3.0 μg/ml without showing any cytotoxicity to the mammalian cells. Compound 5 displayed the highest antimalarial activity. Antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani promastigotes was observed for compounds 1-6 with IC(50) values ranging from 6.2 to 23 μg/ml. Antileishmanial activity of compounds 5 and 6 (IC(50) values of 7.5 and 6.2 μg/ml, respectively) was more potent than 1-4 (IC(50) values ranging from 19-23 μg/ml). Compounds 7 and 8 did not show any antiprotozoal effect. Preliminary structure and activity relationship studies indicated that antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, and antileishmanial activities associated with phenol derivates (1-6) seem to be dependent on the number of double bonds in the side chain, which would be important for lead optimization in the future.
Collapse
|
29
|
Manohar S, Khan SI, Rawat DS. Synthesis of 4-aminoquinoline-1,2,3-triazole and 4-aminoquinoline-1,2,3-triazole-1,3,5-triazine Hybrids as Potential Antimalarial Agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2011; 78:124-36. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2011.01115.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
30
|
Sobolev VS, Neff SA, Gloer JB, Khan SI, Tabanca N, De Lucca AJ, Wedge DE. Pterocarpenes elicited by Aspergillus caelatus in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) seeds. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2010; 71:2099-2107. [PMID: 21030054 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2010] [Revised: 07/02/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The substituted pterocarpenes named aracarpene-1 (1) and aracarpene-2 (2) were isolated from wounded peanut seeds challenged by a strain of Aspergillus caelatus. The structures of these putative phytoalexins were determined by interpretation of NMR and MS data. The aracarpenes were investigated for their antifungal and antibacterial activities as well as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities in mammalian cells. Aracarpene-2 demonstrated high antibacterial properties against tested gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, whereas aracarpene-1 displayed low antibacterial properties against the same bacteria. Both compounds had no antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus. Together with peanut stilbenoids that are also produced in the challenged seeds, these compounds may represent a class of low-molecular weight peanut metabolites with a defensive role(s) against pathogenic microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor S Sobolev
- National Peanut Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Dawson, GA 39842, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kaur K, Jain M, Khan SI, Jacob MR, Tekwani BL, Singh S, Singh PP, Jain R. Synthesis, antiprotozoal, antimicrobial, β-hematin inhibition, cytotoxicity and methemoglobin (MetHb) formation activities of bis(8-aminoquinolines). Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:197-210. [PMID: 21172735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In continuing our search of potent antimalarials based on 8-aminoquinoline structural framework, three series of novel bis(8-aminoquinolines) using convenient one to four steps synthetic procedures were synthesized. The bisquinolines were evaluated for in vitro antimalarial (Plasmodiumfalciparum), antileishmanial (Leishmaniadonovani), antimicrobial (a panel of pathogenic bacteria and fungi), cytotoxicity, β-hematin inhibitory and methemoglobin (MetHb) formation activities. Several compounds exhibited superior antimalarial activities compared to parent drug primaquine. Selected compounds (44, 61 and 79) when tested for in vivo blood-schizontocidal antimalarial activity (Plasmodiumberghei) displayed potent blood-schizontocial activities. The bisquinolines showed negligible MetHb formation (0.2-1.2%) underlining their potential in the treatment of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient patients. The bisquinoline analogues (36, 73 and 79) also exhibited promising in vitro antileishmanial activity, and antimicrobial activities (43, 44 and 76) against a panel of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The results of this study provide evidence that bis(8-aminoquinolines), like their bis(4-aminoquinolines) and artemisinin dimers counterparts, are a promising class of antimalarial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sun L, Shah F, Helal MA, Wu Y, Pedduri Y, Chittiboyina AG, Gut J, Rosenthal PJ, Avery MA. Design, Synthesis, and Development of Novel Guaianolide-Endoperoxides as Potential Antimalarial Agents. J Med Chem 2010; 53:7864-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jm1006462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Sun
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
| | - Falgun Shah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
| | - Mohamed A. Helal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
| | - Yunshan Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
| | - Yakambram Pedduri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
| | - Amar G. Chittiboyina
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
- National Center for Natural Products Research; University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
| | - Jiri Gut
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Philip J. Rosenthal
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Mitchell A. Avery
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
- National Center for Natural Products Research; University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bharate SB, Thompson CM. Antimicrobial, antimalarial, and antileishmanial activities of mono- and bis-quaternary pyridinium compounds. Chem Biol Drug Des 2010; 76:546-51. [PMID: 21040494 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2010.01035.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pyridinium-based oxime compounds have been utilized worldwide as antidotes following exposure to anticholinesterase agents. In the event of combined chemical and biological incident, it is of vital importance to know the ability of antidotes to provide additional protection against biological threats. This paper reports results of in vitro antimicrobial and antiprotozoal activities of a series of quaternary pyridinium oximes against a number of lower pathogenicity BSL-1 and 2 agents. In general, our compound panel had little to no antimicrobial action except for thiophene- and benzothiophene-substituted monoquaternary pyridinium compounds 21 and 24 that showed moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus with IC(50) values ranging from 12.2 to 17.7 μg/mL. Compounds 21 and 24 also exhibited antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani with IC(50) values of 19 and 18 μg/mL, respectively. Another monoquaternary pyridinium compound with a bromobutyl side chain 17 showed antimalarial activity against both a chloroquine sensitive and resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum with IC(50) values of 3.7 and 4.0 μg/mL, respectively. None of the bisquaternary pyridinium compounds showed antimicrobial or antiprotozoal activity. None of the compounds showed cytotoxic effects toward mammalian kidney fibroblasts. Results of this study indicate that the pyridinium compounds, some of which are already in use as antidotes, do not have significant antimicrobial and antiprotozoal activities and cannot be relied upon for additional protection in the event of combined chemical-biological incident.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip B Bharate
- NIH COBRE Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ankisetty S, Gochfeld DJ, Diaz MC, Khan SI, Slattery M. Chemical constituents of the deep reef caribbean sponges Plakortis angulospiculatus and Plakortis halichondrioides and their anti-inflammatory activities. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2010; 73:1494-1498. [PMID: 20738102 DOI: 10.1021/np100233d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigations of two collections of the deep reef Caribbean sponge Plakortis angulospiculatus resulted in the isolation of a new compound (1) along with the known compound spiculoic acid B (2) belonging to the spiculoic acid class and four other new compounds (3-6) belonging to the zyggomphic acid class. Three new aromatic compounds (7-9) were isolated from the Caribbean sponge Plakortis halichondrioides. The structural determination of the compounds was based on extensive NMR and mass spectroscopic analysis. The isolated compounds 1-7 were tested for their anti-inflammatory activity using in vitro assays for inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) activity, as well as inhibition of intracellular reactive oxygen species generation as a result of oxidative stress. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was also evaluated to determine the selectivity index of their bioactivity with respect to cytotoxicity. Compounds 1 and 4 were more potent than the positive control in inhibiting NFκB activity and had IC(50) values of 0.47 and 2.28 μM, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sridevi Ankisetty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kumarihamy M, Fronczek FR, Ferreira D, Jacob M, Khan SI, Nanayakkara ND. Bioactive 1,4-dihydroxy-5-phenyl-2-pyridinone alkaloids from Septoria pistaciarum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2010; 73:1250-1253. [PMID: 20550123 PMCID: PMC2917538 DOI: 10.1021/np1000939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Four new 1,4-dihydroxy-5-phenyl-2-pyridinone alkaloids (1-4) were isolated from an EtOAc extract of a culture medium of Septoria pistaciarum. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, and the absolute configuration of the major compound (1) was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compound 1 exhibited moderate in vitro antiplasmodial (antimalarial) activity against chloroquine-sensitive (D6) and -resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum and cytotoxic activity to Vero cells. Compound 2 was moderately active against both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
Collapse
|
36
|
Sharma RK, Sundriyal S, Wangoo N, Tegge W, Jain R. New antimicrobial hexapeptides: synthesis, antimicrobial activities, cytotoxicity, and mechanistic studies. ChemMedChem 2010; 5:86-95. [PMID: 19943276 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200900330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic antimicrobial peptides have recently emerged as promising candidates against drug-resistant pathogens. We identified a novel hexapeptide, Orn-D-Trp-D-Phe-Ile-D-Phe-His(1-Bzl)-NH(2), which exhibits broad-spectrum antifungal and antibacterial activity. A lead optimization was undertaken by conducting a full amino acid scan with various proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids depending on the hydrophobic or positive-charge character of residues at various positions along the sequence. The hexapeptide was also cyclized to study the correlation between the linear and cyclic structures and their respective antimicrobial activities. The synthesized peptides were found to be active against the fungus Candida albicans and Gram-positive bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis, as well as the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli; MIC values for the most potent structures were in the range of 1-5 microg mL(-1) (IC(50) values in the range of 0.02-2 microg mL(-1)). Most of the synthesized peptides showed no cytotoxic effects in an MTT assay up to the highest test concentration of 200 microg mL(-1). A tryptophan fluorescence quenching study was performed in the presence of negatively charged and zwitterionic model membranes, mimicking bacterial and mammalian membranes, respectively. The results of the fluorescence study demonstrate that the tested peptides are selective toward bacterial over mammalian cells; this is associated with a preferential interaction between the peptides and the negatively charged phospholipids of bacterial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit K Sharma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar - 160 062, Punjab, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kasimsetty SG, Bialonska D, Reddy MK, Ma G, Khan SI, Ferreira D. Colon cancer chemopreventive activities of pomegranate ellagitannins and urolithins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:2180-2187. [PMID: 20112993 DOI: 10.1021/jf903762h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Pomegranate juice derived ellagitannins and their intestinal bacterial metabolites, urolithins, inhibited TCDD-induced CYP1-mediated EROD activity in vitro with IC(50) values ranging from 56.7 microM for urolithin A to 74.8 microM for urolithin C. These compounds exhibited dose- and time-dependent decreases in cell proliferation and clonogenic efficiency of HT-29 cells. Inhibition of cell proliferation was mediated through cell cycle arrest in the G(0)/G(1) and G(2)/M stages of the cell cycle followed by induction of apoptosis. These results indicate that the ellagitannins and urolithins released in the colon upon consumption of pomegranate juice in considerable amounts could potentially curtail the risk of colon cancer development, by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sashi G Kasimsetty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bandara Herath HMT, Herath WHMW, Carvalho P, Khan SI, Tekwani BL, Duke SO, Tomaso-Peterson M, Nanayakkara NPD. Biologically active tetranorditerpenoids from the fungus Sclerotinia homoeocarpa causal agent of dollar spot in turfgrass. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:2091-7. [PMID: 19928902 PMCID: PMC2856487 DOI: 10.1021/np900334k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nine new tetranorditerpenoid dilactones (2-10), together with two previously reported norditerpenoids dilactones (1, 11), and two known putative biosynthetic intermediates, oidiolactone-E (12) and 13, were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of a culture medium of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa. Structures and absolute configurations of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods and confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis of representative compounds. Compounds were evaluated for herbicidal, antiplasmodial, and cytotoxic activities. Compounds 1, 2, 6, 7, and 11 were more active as growth inhibitors in a duckweed bioassay (I(50) values of 0.39-0.95 microM) than more than half of 26 commercial herbicides previously evaluated using the same bioassay. Some of these compounds exhibited strong antiplasmodial activities as well, but they also had cytotoxic activity, thus precluding them as potential antimalarial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. M. T. Bandara Herath
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Wimal H. M. W. Herath
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Paulo Carvalho
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Shabana I. Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Babu L. Tekwani
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Stephen O. Duke
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, USDA-ARS, University, MS 38677
| | - Maria Tomaso-Peterson
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
| | - N. P. Dhammika Nanayakkara
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Kasimsetty SG, Bialonska D, Reddy MK, Thornton C, Willett KL, Ferreira D. Effects of pomegranate chemical constituents/intestinal microbial metabolites on CYP1B1 in 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:10636-10644. [PMID: 19919114 DOI: 10.1021/jf902716r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 enzyme, CYP1B1, is an established target in prostate cancer chemoprevention. Compounds inhibiting CYP1B1 activity are contemplated to exert beneficial effects at three stages of prostate cancer development, that is, initiation, progression, and development of drug resistance. Pomegranate ellagitannins/microbial metabolites were examined for their CYP1B1 inhibitory activity in a recombinant CYP1B1-mediated ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assay. Urolithin A, a microbial metabolite, was the most potent uncompetitive inhibitor of CYP1B1-mediated EROD activity, exhibiting 2-fold selectivity over CYP1A1, while urolithin B was a noncompetitive inhibitor with 3-fold selectivity. The punicalins and punicalagins exhibited potent CYP1A1 inhibition with 5-10-fold selectivity over CYP1B1. Urolithins, punicalins, and punicalagins were tested for their 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced CYP1 inhibitory activity in the 22Rv1 prostate cancer cell line. Urolithins A and B showed a decrease in their CYP1-mediated EROD inhibitory IC50 values upon increasing their treatment times from 30 min to 24 h. Urolithin C, 8-O-methylurolithin A, and 8,9-di-O-methylurolithin C caused a potent CYP1-mediated EROD inhibition in 22Rv1 cells upon 24 h of incubation. Neutral red uptake assay results indicated that urolithin C, 8-O-methylurolithin A, and 8,9-di-O-methylurolithin C induced profound cytotoxicity in the proximity of their CYP1 inhibitory IC50 values. Urolithins A and B were studied for their cellular uptake and inhibition of TCDD-induced CYP1B1 expression. Cellular uptake experiments demonstrated a 5-fold increase in urolithin uptake by 22Rv1 cells. Western blots of the CYP1B1 protein indicated that the urolithins interfered with the expression of CYP1B1 protein. Thus, urolithins were found to display a dual mode mechanism by decreasing CYP1B1 activity and expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sashi G Kasimsetty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Slade D, Galal AM, Gul W, Radwan MM, Ahmed SA, Khan SI, Tekwani BL, Jacob MR, Ross SA, Elsohly MA. Antiprotozoal, anticancer and antimicrobial activities of dihydroartemisinin acetal dimers and monomers. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:7949-57. [PMID: 19879765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Revised: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nine dihydroartemisinin acetal dimers (6-14) with diversely functionalized linker units were synthesized and tested for in vitro antiprotozoal, anticancer and antimicrobial activity. Compounds 6, 7 and 11 [IC(50): 3.0-6.7 nM (D6) and 4.2-5.9 nM (W2)] were appreciably more active than artemisinin (1) [IC(50): 32.9 nM (D6) and 42.5 nM (W2)] against the chloroquine-sensitive (D6) and chloroquine-resistant (W2) strains of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Compounds 10, 13 and 14 displayed enhanced anticancer activity in a number of cell lines compared to the control drug, doxorubicin. The antifungal activity of 7 and 12 against Cryptococcus neoformans (IC(50): 0.16 and 0.55 microM, respectively) was also higher compared to the control drug, amphotericin B. The antileishmanial and antibacterial activities were marginal. A number of dihydroartemisinin acetal monomers (15-17) and a trimer (18) were isolated as byproducts from the dimer synthesis and were also tested for biological activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desmond Slade
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang W, Ali Z, Li XC, Khan I. Clerodane andent-Kaurane Diterpene Glycosyl and Glycoside Derivatives from the Leaves ofCasearia sylvestris. Helv Chim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200900031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
42
|
Ibrahim MA, Shilabin AG, Prasanna S, Jacob M, Khan SI, Doerksen RJ, Hamann MT. 2-N-Methyl modifications and SAR studies of manzamine A. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:6702-6. [PMID: 18595720 PMCID: PMC2547340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2008] [Revised: 05/23/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Quaternary carbolinium salts have been reported to show improved antimalarial activity and reduced cytotoxicity as compared to electronically neutral beta-carbolines. In this study, mono- and di-methylated quaternary carbolinium cations of manzamine A were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antimalarial and antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and also their potential for glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3beta) inhibition using molecular docking studies. Among the analogs, 2-N-methylmanzamine A (2) exhibited antimalarial activity (IC(50) 0.7-1.0microM) but was less potent than manzamine A. However the compound was significantly less cytotoxic to mammalian kidney fibroblasts and the selectivity index was in the same range as manzamine A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Abbas G. Shilabin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Sivaprakasam Prasanna
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Melissa Jacob
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Shabana I. Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Robert J. Doerksen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| | - Mark T. Hamann
- Department of Pharmacognosy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
- Pharmacology, Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mustafa J, Khan SI, Ferreira D, Khan IA. Synthesis, spectroscopic and anti-tumor studies of polyphenol-linoleates derived from natural polyphenols. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200600235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
44
|
Kaur K, Patel SR, Patil P, Jain M, Khan SI, Jacob MR, Tekwani BL, Jain R. Synthesis, antimalarial, antileishmanial, antimicrobial, cytotoxicity, and methemoglobin (MetHB) formation activities of new 8-quinolinamines. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:915-930. [PMID: 17084633 PMCID: PMC4045844 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2006] [Accepted: 10/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, in vitro antiprotozoal (against Plasmodium and Leishmania), antimicrobial, cytotoxicity (Vero and MetHb-producing properties), and in vivo antimalarial activities of two series of 8-quinolinamines. N1-{4-[2-(tert-Butyl)-6-methoxy-8-quinolylamino]pentyl}-(2S/2R)-2-aminosubstitutedamides (21-33) and N1-[4-(4-ethyl-6-methoxy-5-pentyloxy-8-quinolylamino)pentyl]-(2S/2R)-2-aminosubstitutedamides (51-63) were synthesized in six steps from 6-methoxy-8-nitroquinoline and 4-methoxy-2-nitro-5-pentyloxyaniline, respectively. Several analogs displayed promising antimalarial activity in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum D6 (chloroquine-sensitive) and W2 (chloroquine-resistant) clones with high selectivity indices versus mammalian cells. The most promising analogs (21-24) also displayed potent antimalarial activity in vivo in a Plasmodium berghei-infected mouse model. Most interestingly, many analogs exhibited promising in vitro antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani promastigotes, and antimicrobial activities against a panel of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Several analogs, notably 21-24, 26-32, and 60, showed less MetHb formation compared to primaquine indicating the potential of these compounds in 8-quinolinamine-based antimalarial drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India 160 062, India
| | - Sanjay R. Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India 160 062, India
| | - Premanand Patil
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India 160 062, India
| | - Meenakshi Jain
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India 160 062, India
| | - Shabana I. Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Melissa R. Jacob
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Babu L. Tekwani
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Rahul Jain
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, India 160 062, India
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Fokialakis N, Kalpoutzakis E, Tekwani BL, Khan SI, Kobaisy M, Skaltsounis AL, Duke SO. Evaluation of the antimalarial and antileishmanial activity of plants from the Greek island of Crete. J Nat Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-006-0013-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
46
|
Zhang Y, Li HZ, Zhang YJ, Jacob MR, Khan SI, Li XC, Yang CR. Atropurosides A-G, new steroidal saponins from Smilacina atropurpurea. Steroids 2006; 71:712-9. [PMID: 16766007 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2006.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2005] [Revised: 04/05/2006] [Accepted: 04/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Atropurosides A-G (1-7), seven new steroidal saponins, which possess new polyhydroxylated aglycones, were isolated from the rhizomes of Smilacina atropurpurea (Convallariaceae), together with a known saponin, dioscin (8). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques and chemical methods. Antifungal testing of the eight compounds indicated that atropurosides B (2) and F (6) were fungicidal against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus fumigatus with minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) < or = 20 microg/ml, while dioscin (8) was selectively active against C. albicans and C. glabrata (MFC < or = 5.0 microg/ml). Furthermore, the antifungal saponins 2, 6, and 8 were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicities in a panel of human cancer cell lines (SK-MEL, KB, BT-549, SK-OV-3, and HepG2) and non-cancerous Vero cells. All showed moderate cytotoxicities. It appears that the antifungal activity of these steroidal saponins correlates with their cytotoxicity against mammalian cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Mustafa J, Khan SI, Ma G, Walker LA, Khan IA. Synthesis and in vitro cytotoxic activity of N-, F-, and S-ether derivatives of podophyllotoxin fatty acid adducts. Lipids 2006; 40:375-82. [PMID: 16028720 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-006-1397-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper represents the first synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and antitumor evaluation of F-, N-, and S-containing C4alpha-FA derivatives of podophyllotoxin. In a synthetic strategy, a FA unit of 4-O-podophyllotoxinyl 12-hydroxyoctadec-Z-9-enoate 2, a derivative of podophyllotoxin, was functionalized at the C-12 position by incorporating the F atom and N-containing moieties. The FA olefin (Z, C-9/C-10) of 2 was hydrogenated to produce a derivative possessing a hydroxy function (C-12) on a saturated C18 FA chain. In another synthetic strategy, two S-ethers of podophyllotoxin (C4alpha) were synthesized from a terminal unsaturated FA analog, 4-O-podophyllotoxinyl undec-10-enoate. Syntheses were achieved through effective synthetic procedures; 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, and high-resolution mass data proved excellent tools to characterize these derivatives. In vitro antitumor activity was investigated against a panel of five human neoplastic cell lines, SK-MEL (malignant, melanoma), KB (epidermal carcinoma, oral), BT-549 (ductal carcinoma, breast), SK-OV-3 (ovary carcinoma), and HL-60 (human leukemia). Keeping in view the severe lack of tumor selectivity of podophyllotoxin over normal cells, we assayed new analogs against noncancerous mammalian VERO (African green monkey kidney fibroblast) cell lines to gauge their extent of toxicity. Several of these compounds showed excellent moderation of antitumor activity. In general, we found excellent growth inhibition against the human leukemia cell line (HL-60), particularly for the analogs containing S-ethers and carbamates. None of the compounds were toxic to normal cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Mustafa
- National Center for Natural Product Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Fokialakis N, Kalpoutzakis E, Tekwani BL, Skaltsounis AL, Duke SO. Antileishmanial Activity of Natural Diterpenes from Cistus sp. and Semisynthetic Derivatives Thereof. Biol Pharm Bull 2006; 29:1775-8. [PMID: 16880643 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.29.1775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Eleven cis-clerodane diterpenes, seven labdane type diterpenes and one triterpene isolated from Cistus monspeliensis and the resin "Ladano" of Cistus creticus subsp. creticus were evaluated against Leishmania donovani promastigotes, the causative agent for visceral leishmaniasis. In addition, eleven semisynthetic manoyl oxide, seventeen labdane type derivatives and a triterpene were also evaluated for their antileishmanial activity. 18-Acetoxy-cis-clerod-3-en-15-ol, 15,18-diacetoxy-cis-clerod-3-ene and 13-(E)-8a-hydroxylabd-13-en-15-ol 2-chloroethylcarbamate exhibited the most potent and selective leishmanicidal activity with IC50 values of 3.3 microg/ml, 3.4 microg/ml and 3.5 microg/ml, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas Fokialakis
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, USDA/ARS, University of Mississippi, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ma G, Khan SI, Mustafa J, Walker LA, Khan IA. Anticancer activity and possible mode of action of 4-O-podophyllotoxinyl 12-hydroxyl-octadec-Z-9-enoate. Lipids 2005; 40:303-8. [PMID: 15957257 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-005-1386-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
4-O-Podophyllotoxinyl 12-hydroxyl-octadec-Z-9-enoate (PHEFE) is a structurally novel FA analog of podophyllotoxin. In the present study, in vitro effects of PHEFE on a panel of 60 human tumor cell lines and its potential modes of anticancer action were investigated. PHEFE exhibited strong growth-inhibitory action in a number of solid tumor cells in vitro. It did not inhibit tubulin polymerization as podophyllotoxin does; rather, it inhibited the catalytic activity of topoisomerase II. Flow cytometry and staining assay with 4,6-diamidine-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride showed that PHEFE blocked the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. These analyses suggest that PHEFE has promising anticancer characteristics that differ from podophyllotoxin and etoposide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyi Ma
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mustafa J, Khan SI, Ma G, Walker LA, Khan IA. Synthesis, spectroscopic, and biological studies of novel estolides derived from anticancer active 4-O-podophyllotoxinyl 12-hydroxyl-octadec-Z-9-enoate. Lipids 2004; 39:659-66. [PMID: 15588023 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-004-1279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin is a well-known natural antitumor agent with severe side effects, which led us to synthesize its numerous analogs in search of product(s) of improved therapeutic potential. Here, we report an efficient method for the synthesis of a series of 4-O-podophyllotoxin estolides with spectral characteristics and their biological studies. The OH of a known molecule, 4-O-podophyllotoxinyl 12-hydroxyl-octadec-Z-9-enoate 2, was coupled with the carboxylic groups of different FA with the help of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and dimethyl aminopyridine (catalyst) to produce high yields of their respective C(4)alpha-estolides 3-11. Spectroscopic techniques, particularly 1H and 13CNMR, proved to be suitable tools to characterize the new compounds. These molecules of greater lipophilic character were tested for their in vitro cytotoxicity against four human solid tumors, one human leukemia cell, and one noncancerobu cell. Compounds 4-6 and 11 showed moderate antileukemic activity; unexpectedly, none were found to be active against solid tumors. Estolides were also investigated for their in vitro activity against tubulin and topoisomerase II proteins. All the compounds showed inhibition of the catalytic activity of topoisomerase II, whereas 6-8 also inhibited tubulin polymerization. These results suggest the need for further screening of these molecules against a larger panel of cancerous cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Mustafa
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|