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Yu Y, Chen D, Lee YY, Chen N, Wang Y, Qiu C. Physicochemical and In Vitro Digestion Properties of Curcumin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles with Different Solid Lipids and Emulsifiers. Foods 2023; 12:foods12102045. [PMID: 37238863 DOI: 10.3390/foods12102045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (Cur-SLN) were prepared using medium- and long chain diacylglycerol (MLCD) or glycerol tripalmitate (TP) as lipid matrix and three kinds of surfactants including Tween 20 (T20), quillaja saponin (SQ) and rhamnolipid (Rha). The MLCD-based SLNs had a smaller size and lower surface charge than TP-SLNs with a Cur encapsulation efficiency of 87.54-95.32% and the Rha-based SLNs exhibited a small size but low stability to pH decreases and ionic strength. Thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction results confirmed that the SLNs with different lipid cores showed varying structures, melting and crystallization profiles. The emulsifiers slightly impacted the crystal polymorphism of MLCD-SLNs but largely influenced that of TP-SLNs. Meanwhile, the polymorphism transition was less significant for MLCD-SLNs, which accounted for the better stabilization of particle size and higher encapsulation efficiency of MLCD-SLNs during storage. In vitro studies showed that emulsifier formulation greatly impacted on the Cur bioavailability, whereby T20-SLNs showed much higher digestibility and bioavailability than that of SQ- and Rha-SLNs possibly due to the difference in the interfacial composition. Mathematical modeling analysis of the membrane release further confirmed that Cur was mainly released from the intestinal phase and T20-SLNs showed a faster release rate compared with other formulations. This work contributes to a better understanding of the performance of MLCD in lipophilic compound-loaded SLNs and has important implications for the rational design of lipid nanocarriers and in instructing their application in functional food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasi Yu
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong International Joint Research Center for Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dechu Chen
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong International Joint Research Center for Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yee Ying Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nannan Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yong Wang
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong International Joint Research Center for Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chaoying Qiu
- JNU-UPM International Joint Laboratory on Plant Oil Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong International Joint Research Center for Oilseed Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Huang C, Lin Z, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Tang X, Li C, Lin L, Huang W, Ye Y. Structure-guided preparation of fuctional oil rich in 1,3-diacylglycerols and linoleic acid from Camellia oil by combi-lipase. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:108-117. [PMID: 35810339 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diacylglycerol (DAG)-enriched oil has been attracting attention because of its nutritional benefits and biological functions, although the composition of its various free fatty acids (FFAs) and an unclear relationship between substrate and yield make it difficult to be identified and qualified with respect to its production. In the present study, linoleic acid-enriched diacylglycerol (LA-DAG) was synthesized and enriched from Camellia oil by the esterification process using the combi-lipase Lipozyme TL IM/RM IM system. RESULTS The relationship between FFA composition and DAG species productivity was revealed. The results showed that heterogeneous FFA with a major constituent (more than 50%) exhibited higher DAG productivity and inhibited triacylglycerol productivity compared to homogeneous constituents. Joint characterization by high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-heated electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry identified that DAG components contained dilinoleic acid acyl glyceride, linoleyl-oleyl glyceride and dioleic acid acyl glyceride in esterification products. Under the optimum conditions, 60.4% 1,3-DAG and 61.3% LA-DAG in the crude product at 1 h reaction were obtained, and further purified to 81.7% LA-DAG and 94.7% DAG via silica column chromatography. CONCLUSION The present study provides a guideline for the identification of DAG species, as well as a structure-guided preparation method of DAG-enriched oils via the cost-effective combi-lipase. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqing Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zepeng Lin
- Guangdong Kangxin Detection Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- Guangdong Kangxin Detection Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeyu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyue Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wenqian Huang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Jiangxi Environmental Engineering Vocational College, Ganzhou, China
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The digestion of diacylglycerol isomers by gastric and pancreatic lipases and its impact on the metabolic pathways for TAG re-synthesis in enterocytes. Biochimie 2022; 203:106-117. [PMID: 35041857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The specific activities of gastric and pancreatic lipases were measured using triacylglycerols (TAG) from rapeseed oil, purified 1,3-sn-DAG and 1,2(2,3)-sn-DAG produced from this oil, as well as a rapeseed oil enriched with 40% w/w DAG (DAGOIL). Gastric lipase was more active on 1,3-sn-DAG than on 1,2(2,3)-sn-DAG and TAG, whereas pancreatic lipase displayed a reverse selectivity with a higher activity on TAG than on DAG taken as initial substrates. However, in both cases, the highest activities were displayed on DAGOIL. These findings show that DAG mixed with TAG, such as in the course of digestion, is a better substrate for lipases than TAG. The same rapeseed oil acylglycerols were used to investigate intestinal fat absorption in rats with mesenteric lymph duct cannulation. The levels of TAG synthesized in the intestine and total fatty acid concentration in lymph were not different when the rats were fed identical amounts of rapeseed oil TAG, 1,2(2,3)-sn-DAG, 1,3-sn-DAG or DAGOIL. Since the lipolysis of 1,3-sn-DAG by digestive lipases leads to glycerol and not 2-sn-monoacylglycerol (2-sn-MAG) like TAG lipolysis, these results suggest that the re-synthesis of TAG in the enterocytes can entirely occur through the "glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P)" pathway, with the same efficiency as the 2-sn-MAG pathway predominantly involved in the intestinal fat absorption. These findings shed new light on the role played by DAG as intermediate lipolysis products. Depending on their structure, 1,2(2,3)-sn-DAG versus 1,3-sn-DAG, DAG may control the pathway (2-sn-MAG or G3P) by which TAG are re-synthesized in the enterocytes.
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Lordan R, Redfern S, Tsoupras A, Zabetakis I. Inflammation and cardiovascular disease: are marine phospholipids the answer? Food Funct 2020; 11:2861-2885. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01742a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the latest research on the cardioprotective effects of n-3 fatty acids (FA) and n-3 FA bound to polar lipids (PL). Overall, n-3 PL may have enhanced bioavailability and potentially bioactivityversusfree FA and ester forms of n-3 FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Lordan
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI)
| | - Shane Redfern
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
| | - Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI)
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI)
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5
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Oral lipolysis and its association with diet and the perception and digestion of lipids: A systematic literature review. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 108:104550. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Zhang T, Wang B. Enhanced gastric therapeutic effects of Brucea javanica oil and its gastroretentive drug delivery system compared to commercial products in pharmacokinetics study. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:535-544. [PMID: 29559770 PMCID: PMC5856296 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s155244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Brucea javanica oil (BJO), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has a variety of pharmacological activities and several BJO-related patent drugs have been widely used in China. Purpose The objective of this study was to evaluate the gastric therapeutic effects of self-made BJO and its pharmaceutical potential to formulate novel BJO gastroretentive floating bead by comparing with commercial products. Methods BJO was extracted from the seeds of B. javanica, and its therapeutic effects were evaluated by comparing with commercial products in the treatment of human gastric cancer and gastric ulcer. Furthermore, the developed gastroretentive drug delivery system was evaluated by in vivo tests. A high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for detecting the concentration of glycerol trioleate in the pharma-cokinetic study was applied. Results The antitumor activity of BJO was stronger than that of the marketed preparation; the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of BJO extracts on HGC27, SGC7901 and BGC823 gastric carcinoma were 0.3091, 1.736 and 2.743 μg/mL, respectively, whereas the values of marked BJO preparation were 15.26, 32.60 and 7.456 μg/mL, respectively. Histopathological studies demonstrated the ability of BJO to locally prevent and treat absolute ethanol-induced gastric ulcer. Developed BJO gastroretentive floating bead showed a satisfactory in vivo study. The highest glycerol trioleate concentration in the stomach after taking BJO gastroretentive floating bead was nearly two times higher when compared to the marketed BJO soft capsule. Conclusion Self-made BJO has a strong therapeutic effect on the stomach, and gastroretentive drug delivery system can be a promising approach to prolong and enhance its therapy ability when treating gastric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Foreign Languages Teaching Center, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xitong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Xiangshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huangpu District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Wang
- Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pudong New District, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Prabhavathi Devi BLA, Gangadhar KN, Prasad RBN, Sugasini D, Rao YPC, Lokesh BR. Nutritionally enriched 1,3-diacylglycerol-rich oil: Low calorie fat with hypolipidemic effects in rats. Food Chem 2017; 248:210-216. [PMID: 29329846 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An enzymatic process was developed for the preparation of a nutritionally enriched 1,3-diacylglycerol(DAG)-rich oil from a blend of refined sunflower and rice bran oils. The process involves hydrolysis of vegetable oil blend using Candida cylindracea followed by esterification with glycerol using Lipozyme RM1M. The resultant DAG-rich oil contains 84% of DAG (66% of 1,3-DAG, 18% of 1,2-DAG) and 16% of triacylglycerol (TAG) along with micro nutrients like γ-oryzanol, tocotrienols, tocopherols and phytosterols. Nutritional studies of the DAG-rich oil were conducted in Wistar rats and compared with sunflower oil (SFO). The calorific value of the DAG-rich oil was estimated to be 6.45 Kcals/g as against 9.25 Kcals/g for SFO. The serum and liver cholesterol and TAG levels in rats fed with 1,3-DAG-rich oil were found to be significantly reduced as compared to rats fed diet containing SFO. We conclude that 1,3-DAG-rich oil is a low calorie fat and exhibits hypolipidemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L A Prabhavathi Devi
- Centre for Lipid Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India.
| | - K N Gangadhar
- Centre for Lipid Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - R B N Prasad
- Centre for Lipid Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - D Sugasini
- Department of Lipid Science and Traditional Foods, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India
| | - Y Poorna Chandra Rao
- Department of Lipid Science and Traditional Foods, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India
| | - B R Lokesh
- Department of Lipid Science and Traditional Foods, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, India
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8
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Ando Y, Saito S, Miura H, Osaki N, Katsuragi Y. Consumption of alpha-linolenic acid-enriched diacylglycerol induces increase in dietary fat oxidation compared with alpha-linolenic acid-enriched triacylglycerol: A randomized, double-blind trial. Nutr Res 2017; 48:85-92. [PMID: 29246284 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fat metabolism is an important consideration in obesity. Alpha-linolenic acid-enriched diacylglycerol (ALA-DAG), which mainly occurs as ALA esterifies to 1,3-diacyl-sn-glycerol (1,3-DAG), has beneficial effects on fat metabolism and body weight compared with triacylglycerol (TAG). Moreover, compared with ALA-TAG, ALA-DAG enhances β-oxidation activity in the small intestine and liver in rodents. We hypothesized that ALA-DAG consumption may increase dietary fat oxidation compared with ALA-TAG in humans. To examine this hypothesis, we conducted a randomized double-blind cross-over trial in 17 normal and moderately obese men and women (BMI: 25.7±2.0 kg/m2, mean±SD). Each participant was assigned to a 4-week intervention period with 2.5 g/day of ALA-DAG or ALA-TAG consumption, followed by a 4-week washout period between consumption of each diet. Dietary fat oxidation, assessed based on the 13CO2 recovery rate in the breath, was significantly increased by ALA-DAG consumption compared with ALA-TAG consumption (17.0±4.5% and 14.1±5.9%, respectively, P<.05). In addition, ALA-DAG consumption significantly decreased the visceral fat area compared with ALA-TAG (102.9±51.9 cm2 and 110.9±51.7 cm2, respectively; P<.05). These results indicate that ALA-DAG consumption may be useful for preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutoshi Ando
- Health Care Food Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3, Bunka, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, 131-8501, Japan.
| | - Shinichiro Saito
- Health Care Food Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3, Bunka, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, 131-8501, Japan
| | - Hirona Miura
- Meiseikai Medical Corporation, Higashi-Shinjuku Clinic, 1-11-3, Ookubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0072, Japan
| | - Noriko Osaki
- Health Care Food Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3, Bunka, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, 131-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Katsuragi
- Health Care Food Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3, Bunka, Sumida-ku, Tokyo, 131-8501, Japan
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Effect of α-linolenic acid-rich diacylglycerol oil on protein kinase C activation in the rat digestive tract and lingual mucosa. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 103:168-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Ando Y, Saito S, Yamanaka N, Suzuki C, Ono T, Osaki N, Katsuragi Y. Alpha Linolenic Acid-enriched Diacylglycerol Consumption Enhances Dietary Fat Oxidation in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized Double-blind Controlled Trial. J Oleo Sci 2017; 66:181-185. [PMID: 28154349 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess16183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of alpha linolenic acid-enriched diacylglycerol (ALA-DAG) reduces visceral fat area. In this study, we performed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover intervention trial to investigate the effect of ALA-DAG on dietary fat oxidation in comparison with control triacylglycerol (TAG). Each subject (n=16) consumed either 2.5 g/d of ALA-DAG or TAG for 14-d, separated by a 21-d washout period. At the end of each consumption period, we assessed dietary fat oxidation. ALA-DAG consumption significantly enhanced dietary fat utilization as energy compared to TAG consumption.
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Qi JF, Jia CH, Shin JA, Woo JM, Wang XY, Park JT, Hong ST, Lee KT. Effect of Acylglycerol Composition and Fatty Acyl Chain Length on Lipid Digestion in pH-Stat Digestion Model and Simulated In Vitro Digestion Model. J Food Sci 2015; 81:C317-23. [PMID: 26720174 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a pH-stat digestion model and a simulated in vitro digestion model were employed to evaluate the digestion degree of lipids depending on different acylglycerols and acyl chain length (that is, diacylglycerol [DAG] compared with soybean oil representing long-chain triacylglycerol compared with medium-chain triacylglycerol [MCT]). In the pH-stat digestion model, differences were observed among the digestion degrees of 3 oils using digestion rate (k), digestion half-time (t1/2 ), and digestion extent (Φmax). The results showed the digestion rate order was MCT > soybean oil > DAG. Accordingly, the order of digestion half-times was MCT < soybean oil < DAG. In simulated in vitro digestion model, digestion rates (k') and digestion half-times (t'1/2 ) were also obtained and the results showed a digestion rate order of MCT (k' = 0.068 min(-1) ) > soybean oil (k' = 0.037 min(-1) ) > DAG (k' = 0.024 min(-1) ). Consequently, the order of digestion half-times was MCT (t'1/2 = 10.20 min) < soybean oil (t'1/2 = 18.74 min) < DAG (t'1/2 = 29.08 min). The parameters obtained using the 2 models showed MCT was digested faster than soybean oil, and that soybean oil was digested faster than DAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin F Qi
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National Univ, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea.,Sericultural Research Inst., Chinese Acad. of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Univ. of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, China
| | - Cai H Jia
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National Univ, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea
| | - Jung A Shin
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National Univ, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea
| | - Jeong M Woo
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National Univ, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea
| | - Xiang Y Wang
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National Univ, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea
| | - Jong T Park
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National Univ, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea
| | - Soon T Hong
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National Univ, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea
| | - K-T Lee
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National Univ, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea
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Zeng CX, Qi SJ, Xin RP, Yang B, Wang YH. Enzymatic selective synthesis of 1,3-DAG based on deep eutectic solvent acting as substrate and solvent. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-015-1445-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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14
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Martin D, Moran-Valero MI, Vázquez L, Reglero G, Torres CF. Comparative in vitro intestinal digestion of 1,3-diglyceride and 1-monoglyceride rich oils and their mixtures. Food Res Int 2014; 64:603-609. [PMID: 30011694 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal in vitro digestion of 1,3-diolein (DO), 1-monoolein (MO), DO:MO (1:1) rich oils, and triolein (TO), was performed to study the rate and extent of hydrolysis as well as their bioaccessibility in detail, with special emphasis on 1,3-DO and 1-MO forms, as potential bioactive lipids with additional technological functions such as self-emulsifying lipids. The importance of in vitro conditions on non-desirable acylmigration was also shown. The rate of in vitro intestinal lipolysis was in increasing order TO<DO<DO:MO<MO. At the end of digestion, DO:MO was hydrolyzed to absorbable products at the same level than the MO sample. The degree of lipolysis positively correlated with the level of 1-MG and negatively with the level of 2-MG. Either DO, MO or DO:MO produced higher level of 1-MG than TO. DO:MO produced the highest level of 1-MG and a high ratio of 1-MG to 2-MG. Most hydrolysis products (>95%) of DO, MO and DO:MO were found within the micellar phase fraction during digestion, suggesting a high bioaccessibility. A positive correlation between the degree of lipolysis and the number of mixed micelles formed at the end of digestion was found. As summary, the obtained results would enhance the selection of glycerides to formulate ingredients with different purposes. Thus, in case a final high level of 1-MO would be desired to take advantage of the bioactivity of 1-MO, oils under the form of DO or DO:MO might be superior to MO. In case a high 1-MO level together with a low 2-MO level would be desired at the same time, mixtures of DO:MO or MO would be preferred. In case a higher self-emulsifying ability would be desired, the preferred forms would be MO and DO:MO. Finally, in case all the potential functionalities would be desired at the same time, namely the highest bioactivity, together with a high self-emulsifying ability, the mixture DO:MO might be suggested as an interesting product, with the additional economical advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Martin
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria I Moran-Valero
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Vázquez
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos F Torres
- Departamento de Producción y Caracterización de Nuevos Alimentos, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Sección Departamental de Ciencias de la Alimentación, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Shoji K, Mizuno T, Shiiba D, Kawagoe T, Mitsui Y. Effects of a meal rich in 1,3-diacylglycerol on postprandial cardiovascular risk factors and the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in subjects with high fasting triacylglycerol concentrations. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:2490-2496. [PMID: 22385133 DOI: 10.1021/jf204825p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
It was previously reported that compared to triacylglycerol (TAG) oil, diacylglycerol (DAG) oil improves postprandial lipid response. However, the effects of DAG oil on postprandial hyperglycemia and incretin response have not yet been determined. In this study, the effects of DAG oil on both postprandial hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia and the response to the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) were studied. This randomized, double-blind, crossover study analyzed data for 41 individuals with high fasting triacylglycerol concentrations. The subjects ingested test meals (30.3 g of protein, 18.6 g of fat, and 50.1 g of carbohydrate) containing 10 g of DAG oil (DAG meal) or TAG oil (TAG meal) after fasting for at least 12 h. Blood samples were collected prior to and 0.5, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after ingestion of the test meal. Postprandial TAG concentrations were significantly lower after the DAG meal compared with the TAG meal. Postprandial TAG, insulin, and GIP concentrations were significantly lower after the DAG meal compared with the TAG meal in 26 subjects with fasting serum TAG levels between 1.36 and 2.83 mmol/L. DAG-oil-based meals, as a replacement for TAG oil, may provide cardiovascular benefits in high-risk individuals by limiting lipid and insulin excursions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Shoji
- Health Care Food Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.
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16
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Dhara R, Dhar P, Ghosh M. Dietary effects of diacylglycerol rich mustard oil on lipid profile of normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic rats. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2011; 50:678-86. [PMID: 24425969 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-011-0388-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Several recent studies have established that diacylglycerol (DAG) rich oils significantly reduce the body weight. The present study was conducted to evaluate the dietary effects of DAG- rich mustard oil on normal and hypercholesterolemic rats. DAG- rich mustard oil (45.5% DAG) was prepared in the laboratory by enzymatic glycerolysis process. For the feeding experiment, 32 rats were taken and divided into four groups (average body weight 130 g) and body weight gain, food efficiency ratio, lipid profile of plasma, liver, mesentery and erythrocytes membrane (EM), HMG Co-A reductase activity and plasma leptin content were measured and compared with the normal TAG-rich diet. The dietary DAG rich mustard oil significantly decreased body weight and FER compared to TAG rich mustard oil both in normal and hypercholesterolemic rats. The total cholesterol content was decreased with significant increase in HDL- cholesterol by feeding DAG rich diet. Total lipid and TAG content of both liver and mesentery were significantly decreased in DAG diet group compared to control group. Liver HMG CoA: mevalonate ratio was also found to be significantly decreased in the DAG group. Blood leptin level significantly reduced with DAG rich diet compared to the TAG rich dietary groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Dhara
- Dept. of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Pubali Dhar
- Dept. of Home Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Mahua Ghosh
- Dept. of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India ; Oil Technology Division, Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, Acharyya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata, 700009 India
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17
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Preparation of Diacylglycerol-Enriched Oil from Free Fatty Acids Using Lecitase Ultra-Catalyzed Esterification. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-011-1821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Effect of low concentration of diacylglycerol on mildly postprandial hypertriglyceridemia. Atherosclerosis 2010; 213:539-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/31/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Wang Y, Zhao M, Ou S, Song K, Han X. Preparation of diacylglycerol-enriched palm olein by phospholipase A1-catalyzed partial hydrolysis. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.200800294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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20
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Wang Y, Zhao M, OU S, Xie L, Tang S. Preparation of a diacylglycerol-enriched soybean oil by phosphalipase A1 catalyzed hydrolysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2008.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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WANG YONG, ZHAO MOUMING, OU SHIYI, SONG KEKE. PARTIAL HYDROLYSIS OF SOYBEAN OIL BY PHOSPHOLIPASE A1TO PRODUCE DIACYLGLYCEROL-ENRICHED OIL. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4522.2009.01136.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Morita O, Soni MG. Safety assessment of diacylglycerol oil as an edible oil: A review of the published literature. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47:9-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2008] [Revised: 09/12/2008] [Accepted: 09/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Gregersen K, Lind RA, Bjørkkjaer T, Frøyland L, Berstad A, Lied GA. Effects of Seal Oil on Meal-Induced Symptoms and Gastric Accommodation in Patients with Subjective Food Hypersensitivity: A Pilot Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.4137/cgast.s1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Food hypersensitivity is a prevalent condition with poorly characterized underlying mechanisms. In the present pilot study we investigated effects of seal oil and soy oil on meal-induced symptoms and gastric accommodation in patients with subjective food hypersensitivity (FH). Single dose experiment: On three consecutive days, 10 mL of seal oil, soy oil, or saline were randomly administered into the duodenum of 10 patients with subjective FH and 10 healthy volunteers through a nasoduodenal feeding tube 10-20 minutes before the ingestion of a test meal. Short-term treatment study: 24 patients with subjective FH were randomly allocated to 10 days’ treatment with either 10 mL of seal or soy oil, self-administrated through an indwelling nasoduodenal feeding tube, 3 times daily. In both experiments meal-induced abdominal symptoms and gastric accommodation were measured by visual analogue scales and external ultrasound respectively. Results Symptoms and gastric accommodation were not significantly influenced by single doses of seal or soy oil. When given daily for 10 days, seal oil, but not soy oil, reduced total symptom scores significantly ( P = 0.03). The symptomatic improvement was not associated with improvements in gastric accommodation. Conclusion Daily administration of seal oil may benefit patients with subjective FH. The beneficial effect of seal oil in patients with subjective FH can not be ascribed to improved gastric accommodation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kine Gregersen
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), PO Box 2029 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway
- Institute of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ragna A. Lind
- Institute of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Tormod Bjørkkjaer
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), PO Box 2029 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Livar Frøyland
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), PO Box 2029 Nordnes, N-5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Arnold Berstad
- Institute of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Gulen Arslan Lied
- Institute of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
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24
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Morita O, Knapp JF, Tamaki Y, Nemec MD, Varsho BJ, Stump DG. Safety assessment of dietary diacylglycerol oil: A two-generation reproductive toxicity study in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:3059-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2007] [Revised: 06/05/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Lack of promotion activity of diacylglycerol oil on 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide induced carcinogenesis in the oral cavity of SD rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:3206-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Revised: 07/04/2008] [Accepted: 07/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Effects of dietary diacylglycerol oil on embryo/fetal development in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:2510-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2007] [Revised: 01/31/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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27
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SAITO S, NAKAGIRI H, WATANABE H, MATSUO N, TOKIMITSU I, OKAZAKI M. Size-Based Distributions of Postprandial Lipoproteins in Lymph and Serum after Oral Administration of Triacylglycerol and Diacylglycerol Oils in Rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2008; 54:491-6. [DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.54.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Meguro S, Osaki N, Onizawa K, Yajima N, Hase T, Matsuo N, Tokimitsu I. Comparison of dietary triacylglycerol oil and diacylglycerol oil in protein kinase C activation. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 45:1165-72. [PMID: 17306914 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2006] [Revised: 10/25/2006] [Accepted: 12/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of dietary diacylglycerol (DAG) oil with triacylglycerol (TAG) oil with a similar fatty acid composition (fatty acid chain range: C14-C22, C18 fatty acid chain: >90%) on protein kinase C (PKC) activation and on 1,2-DAG levels. Using male Wistar rats, no differences in cytosolic and membrane PKC activities in the lingual, esophageal, gastric, small intestinal, cecal, proximal colonic, and distal colonic mucosa were found between the 5% DAG and TAG oil groups, or between the 23% DAG and TAG oil groups after 1 month of feeding. The 1,2-DAG levels in the cecum and colon contents and in the feces and serum in male Wistar rats after a diet containing either 10% DAG or TAG oil feeding were similar between the groups. Moreover, exposure of Caco-2 cells to DAG and TAG oils had no effect on PKC activity in the membrane fraction, but 1,2-dioctanoyl glycerol composed of short-chain fatty acids (C8) did, suggesting the absence of an influence on PKC activity in DAG and TAG oils composed of long-chain fatty acids. In summary, the effects of DAG oil ingestion on PKC activity in the digestive tract and lingual mucosa, and on 1,2-DAG levels in the cecum and colon contents and in the feces and serum were similar to those observed for TAG oil ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Meguro
- Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikaimachi, Haga, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan.
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29
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Tsuda H, Iigo M, Takasuka N, Ueda S, Ohshima Y, Fukamachi K, Shirai T, Hirano S, Matsuda E, Wakabayashi K. Possible enhancing activity of diacylglycerol on 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide induced carcinogenesis of the tongue in human c-Ha-ras proto-oncogene transgenic rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 45:1013-9. [PMID: 17258375 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2005] [Revised: 08/03/2006] [Accepted: 12/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
1,2-diacylglycerol (1,2-DAG) is involved in cell proliferation as an activator of protein kinase C (PKC) and has been shown to stimulate growth of cancer cells, raising the possibility of a role in tumor promotion. Ingested DAG oil, containing 70% 1,3-DAG and 30% 1,2-DAG, is digested and considered to be safe as edible oil. However, DAG may directly contact with oral cavity mucosa in undigested form. The present study was conducted to examine the effects of DAG oil on carcinogenesis in c-Ha-ras proto-oncogene transgenic (Tg) rats administered 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO, 10 ppm) in their drinking water for 10 weeks for initiation of mainly upper digestive organs. DAG oil added in basal diet at 5.5%, 2.75%, 1.38% and 0% with total fat made up to 5.5% with triacylglycerol (TAG) was administered during the initiation and post-initiation period. The study was terminated at week 12 (Tg females) and 20 (Tg males, wild females and males). The fatty acid composition of DAG oil was similar to TAG (linoleic acid 46.6% and oleic acid 38.9%). In Tg male rats, DAG oil administration was associated with significant increase (P<0.05) in the incidence of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the tongue (5.5% DAG, 43.8%; 2.75% DAG, 20%; 1.38% DAG, 14.3%; 0%, 12.3%) with the Cochran-Armitage trend test and also number of tumors in coefficients for linear contrast trend tests. Tongue SCC induction of wild males and all females was not significant. The present results suggest that DAG oil may have enhancing and/or promotion potential for tongue carcinogenesis in male Tg featuring elevated ras expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tsuda
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
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30
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Yasunaga K, Saito S, Zhang YL, Hernandez-Ono A, Ginsberg HN. Effects of triacylglycerol and diacylglycerol oils on blood clearance, tissue uptake, and hepatic apolipoprotein B secretion in mice. J Lipid Res 2007; 48:1108-21. [PMID: 17277355 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m600524-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies have suggested that FAs liberated in the small intestine from ingested 1,3-diacylglycerol (DAG) are inefficiently incorporated into triglyceride (TG) in enterocytes, with less chylomicron TG entering the circulation postprandially. We found less TG, but more monacylglyerol and DAG, with similar total acylglycerol in newly secreted chylomicrons after oral DAG or triacylglycerol (TAG). However, clearance of DAG-chylomicrons was more rapid than that of TAG-chylomicrons; this was associated with more efficient in vitro LPL-mediated lipolysis of DAG-derived chylomicrons. Intravenously infused DAG was also cleared faster than TAG in normal mice, via both LPL-mediated lipolysis and apolipoprotein E (apoE)-dependent hepatic uptake. Infusions of TAG, but not DAG, increased plasma TG levels. Greater delivery of DAG-derived FA to the liver during infusion of DAG led to greater TG secretion versus TAG; this allowed the maintenance of similar hepatic TG levels after DAG and TAG infusions. Of note, apoB secretion was similar after DAG versus TAG, indicating the assembly of larger very low density lipoproteins after DAG. In conclusion, reduced plasma TG levels, after oral or intravenous DAG, result from more efficient clearance of DAG by both LPL lipolysis and apoE-mediated hepatic endocytosis. DAG emulsions may by useful for intravenous nutrition in people with preexisting hypertriglyceridemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Yasunaga
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
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31
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Takeshita M, Saito S, Katsuragi Y, Yasunaga K, Matsuo N, Tokimitsu I, Yasukawa T, Nakamura H. Combination of plant sterols and diacylglycerol oil lowers serum cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) concentrations in postmenopausal women with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eclnm.2006.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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32
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Kristensen JB, Jørgensen H, Mu H. Diacylglycerol oil does not affect portal vein transport of nonesterified fatty acids but decreases the postprandial plasma lipid response in catheterized pigs. J Nutr 2006; 136:1800-5. [PMID: 16772440 DOI: 10.1093/jn/136.7.1800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown several beneficial effects of dietary diacylglycerol oil (DAG oil), but the mechanism behind these effects is still not clear. One hypothesis is that an increase in portal vein transport of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) with subsequent oxidation in the liver might be responsible for the positive effects. We examined the portal vein transport of NEFA and other lipid related variables, in response to DAG and triacylglycerol (TAG) bolus feeding and a bolus of standard pig feed in 4 portal vein and mesenteric artery catheterized pigs. Also, the effect of the boluses on postprandial lipid variables was examined. Portal vein transport of NEFA did not differ when pigs were administered the 2 oil bolus diets, consistent with the similar portal plasma concentrations of oleic and linolenic acids during h 1 after feeding. Glycerol, on the contrary, was transported by the portal vein to a much higher degree after intake of DAG oil (P < 0.001; 20, 40, and 60 min). The postprandial arterial TAG response at 5 and 6 h postprandially was significantly lower after the DAG bolus intake. Analysis of Delta AUC for the 6-h postprandial period of selected and total fatty acids showed a lower concentration of vaccenic acid (P = 0.002) after the DAG bolus diet. In conclusion, DAG bolus feeding did not increase the portal transport of NEFA, but it did increase the portal transport of glycerol and lower the postprandial lipid concentration in arterial plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janni Brogaard Kristensen
- Department of Animal Health, Welfare and Nutrition, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Foulum, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark.
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