1
|
Zhang L, Shen H, Zhang J, Mao S. Variety of rumen microbial populations involved in biohydrogenation related to individual milk fat percentage of dairy cows. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1106834. [PMID: 36937014 PMCID: PMC10019597 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1106834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to investigate the contribution of the rumen microbiome on the individual milk fat percentage (MFP) of Holstein dairy cows under the same nutritional and management conditions. From 92 early lactation dairy cows, the top 10 with the highest MFP (HF; n = 10) and the last 10 with the lowest MFP (LF; n = 10) were selected for the study. As a result, the milk trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 content was significant lower in the HF group than that in the LF group (P < 0.001). The rumen acetate to propionate ratio was significant higher in the HF group than that in the LF group (P = 0.035). According to the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, a minor but significant difference existed between the groups (P = 0.040). Three genera of the family Lachnospiraceae and four genera of the order Bacteroidales were identified to be the biomarkers for the LF group and HF group in the LEfSe analysis, respectively. Three microbial modules enriched by the family Lachnospiraceae were positively related to the milk trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 content (r s > 0.60, P < 0.05). According to the results of shotgun metagenome sequencing, three kinds of linoleic acid (LA) isomerase genes were present in the gene pools of the rumen microbiome. Among them, the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium LA isomerase (BBI) was higher in the HF group than that in the LF group (P = 0.007). Three metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) with LA isomerase genes were positively correlated to the milk trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 content (r s > 0.40, P < 0.05). Furthermore, all of these three MAGs were found to be able to produce lactate. Taken together, these results indicate that the increased relative abundance of microbial population with the trans-10 biohydrogenation pathway within the rumen microbiome contributes to the decrease of MFP via the increase of rumen trans-10, cis-12 C18:2 production. This study provides a new perspective for the development of measures for improving the milking performance of dairy cows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Bioinformatics Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiyou Zhang
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengyong Mao
- Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Shengyong Mao
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kalbe C, Priepke A, Nürnberg G, Dannenberger D. Effects of long-term microalgae supplementation on muscle microstructure, meat quality and fatty acid composition in growing pigs. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 103:574-582. [PMID: 30511431 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of long-term microalgae supplementation (7% in a piglet diet and 5% in a fattening diet) on muscle microstructure and meat quality, including fatty acid composition in female Landrace pigs (n = 31). The major effects were muscle-specific increases in n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) concentrations, resulting in increased accumulation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Carcass traits and meat quality of longissimus thoracis muscle were not affected by the microalgae diet with the exception of reduced drip loss (p = 0.01) and increased protein proportion (p = 0.04). In addition, the microalgae diet resulted in a shift to a more oxidative myofibre type composition in semitendinosus but not longissimus thoracis muscle. In conclusion, microalgae supplementation offers a unique opportunity to enhance essential n-3 PUFA contents in pig meat. The results support small but coordinated changes in skeletal muscle phenotypic appearance and functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Kalbe
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Antje Priepke
- Institute of Livestock Farming, State Research Center of Agriculture and Fisheries Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Gerd Nürnberg
- Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Dannenberger
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
MacKintosh SB, Richardson I, Kim EJ, Dannenberger D, Coulmier D, Scollan ND. Addition of an extract of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) to cattle diets - Effects on fatty acid profile, meat quality and eating quality of the M. longissimus muscle. Meat Sci 2017; 130:69-80. [PMID: 28433853 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in enhancing beneficial fatty acids, particularly 18:3n-3, conjugated linoleic acid and long chain n-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in beef to provide benefits to human health. Here, the potential to enhance these fatty acids by feeding a n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-rich plant extract (PX) from lucerne is presented. Cattle (n=8/diet) were assigned to the following finishing diets: straw and concentrate (S-CC); straw and concentrate containing 25% PX and 2000IUvitaminE/kg PX-concentrate (S-PXC); grass silage (GS); GS plus 75gPX/kg dry matter intake (DMI) (GS-LPX) or GS plus 150g PX/kg DMI (GS-HPX). Addition of PX to concentrates or GS increased the n-3 fatty acid content of loin muscle and had favourable effects on the n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio (P<0.05), without detrimental effects on loin muscle sensory characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siân B MacKintosh
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Ian Richardson
- Division of Farm Animal Science, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford BS40 5DU, UK
| | - Eun Joong Kim
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Dirk Dannenberger
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, 18196 Dummerstorf, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, Germany
| | - Didier Coulmier
- Desialis, Complexe Agricole Mont Bernard, 51007 Chalons en Champagne, France
| | - Nigel D Scollan
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Garcia C, Duby C, Catheline D, Toral PG, Bernard L, Legrand P, Rioux V. Synthesis of the suspected trans-11,cis-13 conjugated linoleic acid isomer in ruminant mammary tissue by FADS3-catalyzed Δ13-desaturation of vaccenic acid. J Dairy Sci 2016; 100:783-796. [PMID: 27865506 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The octadecadienoic conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer with trans-11 and cis-13 double bonds (trans-11,cis-13 CLA) has been described in ruminant milk. For now, this specific CLA is suspected to derive exclusively from ruminal biohydrogenation of dietary α-linolenic acid. However, in rodents, the fatty acid desaturase 3 (FADS3) gene was recently shown to code for an enzyme able to catalyze the unexpected Δ13-desaturation of vaccenic acid, producing a Δ11,13-CLA with all the structural characteristics of the trans-11,cis-13 isomer, although no commercial standard exists for complete conclusive identification. Because the FADS3 gene has already been reported in bovine animals, we hypothesized in the present study that an alternative direct FADS3-catalyzed Δ13-desaturation of vaccenic acid in mammary tissue may therefore co-exist with α-linolenic acid biohydrogenation to explain the final ruminant milk trans-11,cis-13 CLA presence. Here, we first confirm that the FADS3 gene is present in ruminant mammal genomic sequence databases. Second, we demonstrate that the Δ11,13-CLA found in milk fat and the highly probable trans-11,cis-13 CLA isomer produced by rodent FADS3 possess exactly the same structural characteristics. Then, we show that bovine mammary MAC-T and BME-UV epithelial cells express both FADS3 and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) mRNA and are able to synthesize both the suspected trans-11,cis-13 CLA and cis-9,trans-11CLA (rumenic acid) isomers when incubated with vaccenic acid. Finally, the concomitant presence of the suspected trans-11,cis-13 CLA isomer with FADS3 mRNA was shown in goat mammary tissue, whereas both were conversely very low or even absent in goat liver. Therefore, this study provides several lines of evidence that, by analogy with rumenic acid, trans-11,cis-13 CLA may originate both from ruminal biohydrogenation and from direct FADS3-catalyzed Δ13-desaturation of vaccenic acid in mammary tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cyrielle Garcia
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Agrocampus Ouest-INRA, USC1378, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Cécile Duby
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Agrocampus Ouest-INRA, USC1378, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Daniel Catheline
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Agrocampus Ouest-INRA, USC1378, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Pablo G Toral
- INRA, UR1213 Herbivores, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | | | - Philippe Legrand
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Agrocampus Ouest-INRA, USC1378, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Rioux
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Agrocampus Ouest-INRA, USC1378, 35000 Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The influence of different sample preparation procedures on the determination of fatty acid profiles of beef subcutaneous fat, liver and muscle by gas chromatography. J Food Compost Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
6
|
Nuernberg K, Nuernberg G, Priepke A, Dannenberger D. Sea buckthorn pomace supplementation in the finishing diets of pigs – are there effects on meat quality and muscle fatty acids? Arch Anim Breed 2015. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-58-107-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. In the present study, the effect of sea buckthorn pomace (SBP) supplementation (concentrations of 0, 4, 8 and 12%; intervention duration of 4 or 8 weeks) on finishing performance, meat quality parameters, and fatty acid and vitamin C contents in muscle of German Landrace pigs was assessed. Supplementation with SBP did not negatively affect growth performance and slaughter quality traits of pigs. The overall meat quality including nutrient composition (protein, fat, water), meat colour and pH value was not changed. Surprisingly, the fatty acid profile of longissimus muscle was only slightly affected by different SBP concentrations and intervention durations. Highest amounts of n-3 fatty acids (28 mg/100 g muscle) were measured in pig muscle which had received a 12% SBP-supplemented ratio with over an intervention period of 8 weeks. The contents for vitamin C of longissimus muscle of pigs of the control group and SBP supplementation groups varied between 24.0 and 28.7 μg g−1 fresh muscle, and were not diet affected. Other diet compositions and possibly changes in SBP during the manufacturing process of diet pellets should be included in investigations to develop an application-oriented concept of SBP as a supplement for pig feeding.
Collapse
|
7
|
Nutrition-dependent changes of mouse adipose tissue compositions monitored by NMR, MS, and chromatographic methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:5113-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8551-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
8
|
Dannenberger D, Nuernberg K, Nuernberg G, Priepke A. Impact of dietary protein level and source of polyunsaturated fatty acids on lipid metabolism-related protein expression and fatty acid concentrations in porcine tissues. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:12453-12461. [PMID: 25429687 DOI: 10.1021/jf504699a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The study assessed the effects of reduced protein (RPD) vs high protein diet (HPD) in combination with n-3/n-6 PUFA-containing plant oils [linseed oil (LO)/sunflower seed oil (SO)] supplementation on lipid metabolism-related protein expression and fatty acid concentrations in porcine tissues. Forty male Landrace pigs (castrates) were allocated into four groups fed diets different in dietary protein and PUFA level and one control group. SCD-1 protein expression in pig muscle, back fat, and liver was not affected by diet. The protein expression of precursor (pSREBP-1c) and active nuclear form of SREBP-1c (mSREBP-1c) in muscle and back fat was affected by diet, however not in liver of pigs. In contrast, the expression of ACC and FAS expression was significantly affected by diet only in the liver. The fatty acid concentrations in muscle, liver, and back fat resulted in higher n-3 PUFA concentrations of LO groups compared to the SO groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Dannenberger
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth and Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology , Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gallardo MA, Cárcamo JG, Hiller B, Nuernberg G, Nuernberg K, Dannenberger D. Expression of lipid metabolism related genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue from Chilota lambs grazing on two different pasture types. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201400033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Asuncion Gallardo
- Escuela de Graduados; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia Chile
| | - Juan Guillermo Cárcamo
- Escuela de Graduados; Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile; Valdivia Chile
| | - Beate Hiller
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology; Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth and Institute of Genetics and Biometry; Dummerstorf Germany
| | - Gerd Nuernberg
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology; Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth and Institute of Genetics and Biometry; Dummerstorf Germany
| | - Karin Nuernberg
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology; Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth and Institute of Genetics and Biometry; Dummerstorf Germany
| | - Dirk Dannenberger
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology; Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth and Institute of Genetics and Biometry; Dummerstorf Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Evaluation of a commercial enzymatic test kit regarding the quantitative analysis of different free fatty acids. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:7401-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8162-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
Scollan ND, Dannenberger D, Nuernberg K, Richardson I, MacKintosh S, Hocquette JF, Moloney AP. Enhancing the nutritional and health value of beef lipids and their relationship with meat quality. Meat Sci 2014; 97:384-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
12
|
Types of Oilseed and Adipose Tissue Influence the Composition and Relationships of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biohydrogenation Products in Steers Fed a Grass Hay Diet. Lipids 2014; 49:275-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-013-3876-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
13
|
Cieslak A, Stanisz M, Wojtowski J, Pers‐Kamczyc E, Szczechowiak J, El‐Sherbiny M, Szumacher‐Strabel M. Camelina sativa
affects the fatty acid contents in
M. longissimus
muscle of lambs. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201200119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Cieslak
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed ManagementPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Marek Stanisz
- Department of Small Mammals Breeding and Raw Materials of Animal OriginPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Jacek Wojtowski
- Department of Small Mammals Breeding and Raw Materials of Animal OriginPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland
| | | | - Joanna Szczechowiak
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed ManagementPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland
| | - Mohamed El‐Sherbiny
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed ManagementPoznan University of Life SciencesPoznanPoland
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dietary PUFA Intervention Affects Fatty Acid- and Micronutrient Profiles of Beef and Related Beef Products. Foods 2013; 2:295-309. [PMID: 28239116 PMCID: PMC5302295 DOI: 10.3390/foods2030295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study investigated the dietary impact of 18:3n-3 vs. 18:2n-6 on fatty acid- and micronutrient concentration of beef muscle and the extent of diet- and processing-induced changes of lipid- and micronutrient concentrations of beef products made thereof (German Corned beef (GCB), tea sausage spread (TSS), scalded sausage (SS)). Beef and beef products were obtained from German Holstein bulls which either received a control diet consisting of maize silage and concentrate with soybean meal (41%), or an experimental diet of grass silage and concentrate plus rapeseed cake (12%) and linseed oil (3%). The study revealed that upon an 18:3n-3 vs. 18:2n-6 intervention the amounts of 18:3n-3, EPA and Σn-3 LC-PUFA were significantly increased by 2.6, 2.3 and 1.7 fold, respectively. Experimental diet significantly increased β-carotene contents, and the γ-tocopherol contents were decreased. During beef processing, n-3 PUFA from beef were found to be product-specifically transferred into the corresponding beef products. 18:3n-3 and Σn-3 LC-PUFA contents were found to be 1.4 and 1.5 times higher in GCB from grass silage- than maize silage-fed bulls. The trace element contents in GCB (iron, copper, zinc, selenium) were not affected by the diet; however γ-tocopherol contents were decreased by experimental diet. In conclusion, dietary n-3 PUFA were completely transferred into beef products unaffected by beef processing conditions.
Collapse
|
15
|
High-fat diets rich in ω-3 or ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids have distinct effects on lipid profiles and lipid peroxidation in mice selected for either high body weight or leanness. Nutrition 2013; 29:765-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
16
|
Dannenberger D, Nuernberg G, Nuernberg K, Hagemann E. The effects of gender, age and region on macro- and micronutrient contents and fatty acid profiles in the muscles of roe deer and wild boar in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Germany). Meat Sci 2013; 94:39-46. [PMID: 23376435 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Samples of M. longissimus were collected from a total of 203 feral roe deer (n=118) and wild boar (n=85) in two regions of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Germany). The muscle lipid saturated fatty acid proportions of roe deer and wild boar ranged between 33 and 49g/100g total fatty acids and 31 and 35g/100g total fatty acids, respectively. The total n-3 PUFA proportions in roe deer muscle varied between 8.0 and 14g/100g fatty acids, and in wild boar muscle between 2.6 and 6.0g/100g fatty acids. The major vitamin E homologue, α-tocopherol, was determined to be between 5.8 and 13.1mg/kg in roe deer muscles. Lower levels between 1.2 and 4.7mg/kg were measured in wild boar muscles. The iron and zinc concentrations in roe deer and wild boar muscle ranged from 26.3 to 33.9mg/kg and from 17.0 to 21.7mg/kg, and from 13.6 to 39.3mg/kg and 18.1 to 31.9mg/kg, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Dannenberger
- Leibniz-Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Department of Muscle Biology and Growth, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Different dietary protein and PUFA interventions alter the fatty acid concentrations, but not the meat quality, of porcine muscle. Nutrients 2012; 4:1237-1246. [PMID: 23112912 PMCID: PMC3475234 DOI: 10.3390/nu4091237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of a reduced protein diet in combination with different vegetable oils (sunflower seed oil or linseed oil) on carcass traits, meat quality and fatty acid profile in porcine muscle. Forty male Landrace pigs were allocated into four experimental groups (each n = 8) and one control group (n = 8) at a live weight of approximately 60 kg. The pigs were fed ad libitum from 60 kg to 100 kg live weight and restricted to 2.8 kg/day until they reached 120 kg. In contrast to other studies, the intramuscular fat content (IMF) did not increase in animals of groups fed a reduced protein diet and vegetable oils. The IMF ranged between 1.2% and 1.4%. The growth performance and meat quality of the longissimus muscle was not affected by the diet, but the average daily gain (ADG) and drip loss were affected. The muscle fatty acid concentrations were significantly affected by the diet, resulting in higher n-3 FA concentrations up to 113 mg/100 g muscle and lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio for pigs fed linseed oil-containing high- and reduced protein diets, compared to sunflower seed oil-containing diets.
Collapse
|
18
|
Lipid metabolism in the rumen: New insights on lipolysis and biohydrogenation with an emphasis on the role of endogenous plant factors. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
19
|
Wang X, Lin H, Gu Y. Multiple roles of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid against proliferation diseases. Lipids Health Dis 2012; 11:25. [PMID: 22333072 PMCID: PMC3295719 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-11-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable arguments remain regarding the diverse biological activities of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). One of the most interesting but controversial dietary approaches focused on the diverse function of dihomo-dietary γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) in anti-inflammation and anti-proliferation diseases, especially for cancers. This strategy is based on the ability of DGLA to interfere in cellular lipid metabolism and eicosanoid (cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase) biosynthesis. Subsequently, DGLA can be further converted by inflammatory cells to 15-(S)-hydroxy-8,11,13-eicosatrienoic acid and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). This is noteworthy because these compounds possess both anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties. PGE1 could also induce growth inhibition and differentiation of cancer cells. Although the mechanism of DGLA has not yet been elucidated, it is significant to anticipate the antitumor potential benefits from DGLA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids from plant oils and algae on milk fat yield and composition are associated with mammary lipogenic and SREBF1 gene expression. Animal 2012; 6:1961-72. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731112000845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|