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Li T, Li C, Wang W, Wu H, Wu H, Xu J, Xiang W. Reconstruction of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Acid Synthesis Pathways in Marine Red Microalga Porphyridium cruentum Using Lipidomics and Transcriptomics. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:82. [PMID: 38393053 PMCID: PMC10890038 DOI: 10.3390/md22020082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The marine red microalga Porphyridium can simultaneously synthesize long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5, EPA) and arachidonic acid (C20:4, ARA). However, the distribution and synthesis pathways of EPA and ARA in Porphyridium are not clearly understood. In this study, Porphyridium cruentum CCALA 415 was cultured in nitrogen-replete and nitrogen-limited conditions. Fatty acid content determination, transcriptomic, and lipidomic analyses were used to investigate the synthesis of ARA and EPA. The results show that membrane lipids were the main components of lipids, while storage lipids were present in a small proportion in CCALA 415. Nitrogen limitation enhanced the synthesis of storage lipids and ω6 fatty acids while inhibiting the synthesis of membrane lipids and ω3 fatty acids. A total of 217 glycerolipid molecular species were identified, and the most abundant species included monogalactosyldiglyceride (C16:0/C20:5) (MGDG) and phosphatidylcholine (C16:0/C20:4) (PC). ARA was mainly distributed in PC, and EPA was mainly distributed in MGDG. Among all the fatty acid desaturases (FADs), the expressions of Δ5FAD, Δ6FAD, Δ9FAD, and Δ12FAD were up-regulated, whereas those of Δ15FAD and Δ17FAD were down-regulated. Based on these results, only a small proportion of EPA was synthesized through the ω3 pathway, while the majority of EPA was synthesized through the ω6 pathway. ARA synthesized in the ER was likely shuttled into the chloroplast by DAG and was converted into EPA by Δ17FAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (T.L.); (C.L.); (W.W.); (H.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Chulin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (T.L.); (C.L.); (W.W.); (H.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Weinan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (T.L.); (C.L.); (W.W.); (H.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Hualian Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (T.L.); (C.L.); (W.W.); (H.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Houbo Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (T.L.); (C.L.); (W.W.); (H.W.); (H.W.)
| | - Jin Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wenzhou Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (T.L.); (C.L.); (W.W.); (H.W.); (H.W.)
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2
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Bouza M, García-Martínez J, Gilbert-López B, Moreno-González D, Rocío-Bautista P, Parras-Guijarro D, Sánchez-Vizcaino A, Brandt S, García-Reyes JF, Molina-Díaz A, Franzke J. Liquid Chromatography-Dielectric Barrier Discharge Ionization Mass Spectrometry for the analysis of neutral lipids of archaeological interest. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3105-3114. [PMID: 35801641 PMCID: PMC9544991 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric barrier discharge ionization has gained attention in the last few years due to its versatility and the vast array of molecules that can be ionized. In this study, we report on the assessment of liquid chromatography coupled to dielectric barrier discharge ionization with mass spectrometry for neutral lipid analysis. A set of different neutral lipid subclasses (triacylglycerides, diacylglycerides, and sterols) were selected for the study. The main species detected from our ionization source were [M‐H2O+H]+, [M+H]+ or [M‐R‐H2O+H]+, attributed to sterol dehydration, protonation or the fragmentation of an acyl chain accompanied by a water loss of the glycerolipids, respectively. In terms of sensitivity, the dielectric barrier discharge displayed overall improved abundances and comparable or better limits of quantitation than atmospheric pressure chemical ionization for both acylglycerols and sterols. As a case study, different archaeological samples with variable content in neutral lipids, particularly triacylglycerides, were studied. The identification was carried out by combining accurate mass and the tentative formula associated with the exact mass, retention time matching with standards, and additional structural information from in‐source fragmentation. The high degree of unsaturation and the presence of sterols revealed the potential vegetal origin of the material stored in the analyzed samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Bouza
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Julio García-Martínez
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Bienvenida Gilbert-López
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain.,University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - David Moreno-González
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Priscilla Rocío-Bautista
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - David Parras-Guijarro
- University Research Institute for Iberian Archaeology, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Alberto Sánchez-Vizcaino
- University Research Institute for Iberian Archaeology, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Sebastian Brandt
- ISAS-Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str. 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Juan F García-Reyes
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain.,University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain.,University Research Institute for Iberian Archaeology, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Antonio Molina-Díaz
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain.,University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, 23071, Spain
| | - Joachim Franzke
- ISAS-Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Str. 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
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3
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Carriot N, Paix B, Greff S, Viguier B, Briand JF, Culioli G. Integration of LC/MS-based molecular networking and classical phytochemical approach allows in-depth annotation of the metabolome of non-model organisms - The case study of the brown seaweed Taonia atomaria. Talanta 2020; 225:121925. [PMID: 33592802 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Untargeted LC-MS based metabolomics is a useful approach in many research areas such as medicine, systems biology, environmental sciences or even ecology. In such an approach, annotation of metabolomes of non-model organisms remains a significant challenge. In this study, an analytical workflow combining a classical phytochemical approach, using the isolation and the full characterization of the chemical structure of natural products, together with the use of MS/MS-based molecular networking with various levels of restrictiveness was developed. This protocol was applied to the marine brown seaweed Taonia atomaria, a cosmopolitan algal species, and allowed to annotate more than 200 metabolites. First, the algal organic crude extracts were fractionated by flash-chromatography and the chemical structure of eight of the main chemical constituents of this alga were fully characterized by means of spectroscopic methods (1D and 2D NMR, HRMS). These compounds were further used as chemical standards. In a second step, the main fractions of the algal extracts were analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS and the resulting data were uploaded to the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking platform (GNPS) to create several molecular networks (MNs). A first MN (MN-1) was built with restrictive parameters and allowed the creation of clusters composed by nodes with highly similar MS/MS spectra. Then, using database hits and chemical standards as "seed" nodes and/or similarity between MS/MS fragmentation pattern, the main clusters were easily annotated as common glycerolipids and phospholipids, much rare lipids -such as acylglycerylhydroxymethyl-N,N,N-trimethyl-ß-alanines or fulvellic acid derivatives- but also new glycerolipids bearing a terpene moiety. Lastly, the use of less and less constrained MNs allowed to further increase the number of annotated metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benoît Paix
- Université de Toulon, MAPIEM, Toulon, EA 4323, France
| | - Stéphane Greff
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie Marine et Continentale (IMBE), Station Marine d'Endoume, Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Viguier
- Université de Toulon, MAPIEM, Toulon, EA 4323, France
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Lemoine V, Bernard C, Leman-Loubière C, Clément-Larosière B, Girardot M, Boudesocque-Delaye L, Munnier E, Imbert C. Nanovectorized Microalgal Extracts to Fight Candida albicans and Cutibacterium acnes Biofilms: Impact of Dual-Species Conditions. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E279. [PMID: 32466354 PMCID: PMC7344943 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9060279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-related infections are a matter of concern especially because of the poor susceptibility of microorganisms to conventional antimicrobial agents. Innovative approaches are needed. The antibiofilm activity of extracts of cyanobacteria Arthrospira platensis, rich in free fatty acids, as well as of extract-loaded copper alginate-based nanocarriers, were studied on single- and dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Cutibacterium acnes. Their ability to inhibit the biofilm formation and to eradicate 24 h old biofilms was investigated. Concentrations of each species were evaluated using flow cytometry. Extracts prevented the growth of C. acnes single-species biofilms (inhibition > 75% at 0.2 mg/mL) but failed to inhibit preformed biofilms. Nanovectorised extracts reduced the growth of single-species C. albicans biofilms (inhibition > 43% at 0.2 mg/mL) while free extracts were weakly or not active. Nanovectorised extracts also inhibited preformed C. albicans biofilms by 55% to 77%, whereas the corresponding free extracts were not active. In conclusion, even if the studied nanocarrier systems displayed promising activity, especially against C. albicans, their efficacy against dual-species biofilms was limited. This study highlighted that working in such polymicrobial conditions can give a more objective view of the relevance of antibiofilm strategies by taking into account interspecies interactions that can offer additional protection to microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Lemoine
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, 86073 Poitiers, France; (V.L.); (C.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Clément Bernard
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, 86073 Poitiers, France; (V.L.); (C.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Charlotte Leman-Loubière
- Laboratoire SIMBA EA 7502, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; (C.L.-L.); (L.B.-D.)
| | | | - Marion Girardot
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, 86073 Poitiers, France; (V.L.); (C.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Leslie Boudesocque-Delaye
- Laboratoire SIMBA EA 7502, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; (C.L.-L.); (L.B.-D.)
| | - Emilie Munnier
- Laboratoire Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes EA 6295, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France;
| | - Christine Imbert
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, 86073 Poitiers, France; (V.L.); (C.B.); (M.G.)
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5
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Fachet M, Witte C, Flassig RJ, Rihko-Struckmann LK, McKie-Krisberg Z, Polle JEW, Sundmacher K. Reconstruction and analysis of a carbon-core metabolic network for Dunaliella salina. BMC Bioinformatics 2020; 21:1. [PMID: 31898485 PMCID: PMC6941287 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-019-3325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The green microalga Dunaliella salina accumulates a high proportion of β-carotene during abiotic stress conditions. To better understand the intracellular flux distribution leading to carotenoid accumulation, this work aimed at reconstructing a carbon core metabolic network for D. salina CCAP 19/18 based on the recently published nuclear genome and its validation with experimental observations and literature data. RESULTS The reconstruction resulted in a network model with 221 reactions and 212 metabolites within three compartments: cytosol, chloroplast and mitochondrion. The network was implemented in the MATLAB toolbox CellNetAnalyzer and checked for feasibility. Furthermore, a flux balance analysis was carried out for different light and nutrient uptake rates. The comparison of the experimental knowledge with the model prediction revealed that the results of the stoichiometric network analysis are plausible and in good agreement with the observed behavior. Accordingly, our model provides an excellent tool for investigating the carbon core metabolism of D. salina. CONCLUSIONS The reconstructed metabolic network of D. salina presented in this work is able to predict the biological behavior under light and nutrient stress and will lead to an improved process understanding for the optimized production of high-value products in microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Fachet
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Process Systems Engineering, Sandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
| | - Carina Witte
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Process Systems Engineering, Sandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
| | - Robert J Flassig
- Brandenburg University of Applied Sciences, Department of Engineering, Magdeburger Str. 50, Brandenburg an der Havel, 14770, Germany
| | - Liisa K Rihko-Struckmann
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Process Systems Engineering, Sandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany.
| | - Zaid McKie-Krisberg
- Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Department of Biology, 2900 Bedford Avenue, New York, NY 11210, USA
| | - Jürgen E W Polle
- Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Department of Biology, 2900 Bedford Avenue, New York, NY 11210, USA
| | - Kai Sundmacher
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Process Systems Engineering, Sandtorstr. 1, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany.,Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Process Systems Engineering, Universitätsplatz 2, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
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6
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Seppänen-Laakso T, Nygren H, Rischer H. UPLC-ELSD Analysis of Algal Lipid Classes and Derivatization of Bound and Free Fatty Acids and Sterols for GC-MS Methods. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 1980:223-232. [PMID: 29159730 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2017_109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Constituents of microalgae and sample preparation for UPLC-ELSD and GC-MS analyses are described. Bound fatty acids from acylglycerols, alkylacylglycerols, galactosyldiacylglycerols, glycerophospholipids, and sterol esters are derivatized by using transesterification with sodium methoxide to form fatty acid methyl esters. Compounds containing free hydroxyl groups, either present originally or formed during previous step, like free fatty acids, sterols, α-tocopherol, phytol, and nonesterified alkoxyglycerols, are trimethylsilylated. The compounds in algal lipid extract are subsequently derivatized by these two steps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heli Nygren
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland
| | - Heiko Rischer
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland.
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7
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Mohammad I. Gold nanoparticle: An efficient carrier for MCP I of Carica papaya seeds extract as an innovative male contraceptive in albino rats. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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8
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Fasciotti M, Souza GHMF, Astarita G, Costa ICR, Monteiro TVC, Teixeira CMLL, Eberlin MN, Sarpal AS. Investigating the Potential of Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry for Microalgae Biomass Characterization. Anal Chem 2019; 91:9266-9276. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Fasciotti
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Division of Chemical and Thermal Metrology, Laboratory of Organic Analysis, 25250-020, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas − UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo H. M. F. Souza
- MS Applications and Development Laboratory, Waters Corporation, 06455-000 Barueri, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giuseppe Astarita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington DC 20007, United States
| | - Ingrid C. R. Costa
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Division of Chemical and Thermal Metrology, Laboratory of Organic Analysis, 25250-020, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thays. V. C. Monteiro
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Division of Chemical and Thermal Metrology, Laboratory of Organic Analysis, 25250-020, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia M. L. L. Teixeira
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Technology (INT), 20081-312 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos N. Eberlin
- Mackenzie Presbyterian University, School of Engineering, 01302-907 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amarijt S. Sarpal
- National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Division of Chemical and Thermal Metrology, Laboratory of Organic Analysis, 25250-020, Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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9
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Li-Beisson Y, Thelen JJ, Fedosejevs E, Harwood JL. The lipid biochemistry of eukaryotic algae. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 74:31-68. [PMID: 30703388 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Algal lipid metabolism fascinates both scientists and entrepreneurs due to the large diversity of fatty acyl structures that algae produce. Algae have therefore long been studied as sources of genes for novel fatty acids; and, due to their superior biomass productivity, algae are also considered a potential feedstock for biofuels. However, a major issue in a commercially viable "algal oil-to-biofuel" industry is the high production cost, because most algal species only produce large amounts of oils after being exposed to stress conditions. Recent studies have therefore focused on the identification of factors involved in TAG metabolism, on the subcellular organization of lipid pathways, and on interactions between organelles. This has been accompanied by the development of genetic/genomic and synthetic biological tools not only for the reference green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii but also for Nannochloropsis spp. and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Advances in our understanding of enzymes and regulatory proteins of acyl lipid biosynthesis and turnover are described herein with a focus on carbon and energetic aspects. We also summarize how changes in environmental factors can impact lipid metabolism and describe present and potential industrial uses of algal lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Li-Beisson
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez Durance F-13108, France.
| | - Jay J Thelen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
| | - Eric Fedosejevs
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
| | - John L Harwood
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
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10
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Zhang SD, Gong C, Lu Y, Xu X. Separation of Triacylglycerols from Edible Oil Using a Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry System with a Porous Graphitic Carbon Column and a Toluene-Isopropanol Gradient Mobile Phase. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ding Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100, Haiquan Road, Fengxian Qu; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Can Gong
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100, Haiquan Road, Fengxian Qu; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100, Haiquan Road, Fengxian Qu; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Xu Xu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100, Haiquan Road, Fengxian Qu; Shanghai 201418 China
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11
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McKie-Krisberg ZM, Laurens LM, Huang A, Polle JE. Comparative energetics of carbon storage molecules in green algae. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Guan M, Dai D, Li L, Wei J, Yang H, Li S, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Xiong S, Zhao Z. Comprehensive qualification and quantification of triacylglycerols with specific fatty acid chain composition in horse adipose tissue, human plasma and liver tissue. Talanta 2017; 172:206-214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Tuñón-López JA, Beneito-Cambra M, Robles-Molina J, Parras-Guijarro DJ, Molina-Díaz A, Sánchez-Vizcaíno A, García-Reyes JF. Multiclass profiling of lipids of archaeological interest by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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14
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Zhang T, Lou F, Tao G, Liu R, Chang M, Jin Q, Wang X. Composition and Structure of Single Cell Oil Produced by Schizochytrium limacinum
SR31. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-016-2881-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- ; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Fei Lou
- ; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Guanjun Tao
- ; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Ruijie Liu
- ; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Ming Chang
- ; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- ; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- ; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
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15
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Satpati GG, Chandra Gorain P, Paul I, Pal R. An integrated salinity-driven workflow for rapid lipid enhancement in green microalgae for biodiesel application. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23933a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A laboratory based integrated approach was undertaken for improvement of lipid accumulation in green microalgae under sodium chloride (NaCl) stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gour Gopal Satpati
- Phycology Laboratory
- Department of Botany
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700019
- India
| | | | - Ishita Paul
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department
- Indian Institute of Technology
- Kharagpur-721302
- India
| | - Ruma Pal
- Phycology Laboratory
- Department of Botany
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700019
- India
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Interaction of Temperature and Photoperiod Increases Growth and Oil Content in the Marine Microalgae Dunaliella viridis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127562. [PMID: 25992838 PMCID: PMC4437649 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic marine microalgae like Dunaliella spp. have great potential as a feedstock for liquid transportation fuels because they grow fast and can accumulate high levels of triacylgycerides with little need for fresh water or land. Their growth rates vary between species and are dependent on environmental conditions. The cell cycle, starch and triacylglycerol accumulation are controlled by the diurnal light:dark cycle. Storage compounds like starch and triacylglycerol accumulate in the light when CO2 fixation rates exceed the need of assimilated carbon and energy for cell maintenance and division during the dark phase. To delineate environmental effects, we analyzed cell division rates, metabolism and transcriptional regulation in Dunaliella viridis in response to changes in light duration and growth temperatures. Its rate of cell division was increased under continuous light conditions, while a shift in temperature from 25°C to 35°C did not significantly affect the cell division rate, but increased the triacylglycerol content per cell several-fold under continuous light. The amount of saturated fatty acids in triacylglycerol fraction was more responsive to an increase in temperature than to a change in the light regime. Detailed fatty acid profiles showed that Dunaliella viridis incorporated lauric acid (C12:0) into triacylglycerol after 24 hours under continuous light. Transcriptome analysis identified potential regulators involved in the light and temperature-induced lipid accumulation in Dunaliella viridis.
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17
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Transgressive, reiterative selection by continuous buoyant density gradient centrifugation of Dunaliella salina results in enhanced lipid and starch content. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Servaes K, Maesen M, Prandi B, Sforza S, Elst K. Polar Lipid Profile of Nannochloropsis oculata Determined Using a Variety of Lipid Extraction Procedures. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:3931-3941. [PMID: 25801099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipid compositions obtained from microalgae species are affected by both the cultivation conditions and the extraction method used. In this study, the extraction of lipids from Nannochloropsis oculata using traditional and modern extraction technologies with several solvents has been compared. Because important polyunsaturated fatty acids are bound to polar lipids, these polar lipids were the main focus of this study. The dominant compounds in the glycolipid fractions were monogalactosyldiglycerides and digalactosyldiglycerides bearing fatty acid chains containing at least one site of unsaturation. Phosphatidylcholine and trimethylhomoserines were detected in the phospholipid fractions. The fatty acid profile comprised large fractions of C16:0, C16:1, C20:5, and C18:3. Extraction of specific compounds was determined by extraction efficiency as well as differences in the selectivity of the method used. The composition derived from a glycolipid fraction was observed to be affected by the method used to a greater extent than the phospholipid fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Servaes
- †Unit Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - M Maesen
- †Unit Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - B Prandi
- ‡Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 59/A University Campus, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - S Sforza
- ‡Department of Food Science, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 59/A University Campus, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - K Elst
- †Unit Separation and Conversion Technology, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
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19
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Bywaters KF, Fritsen CH. Biomass and neutral lipid production in geothermal microalgal consortia. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2015; 2:82. [PMID: 25763368 PMCID: PMC4329875 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2014.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, technologies have been developed that offer the possibility of using algal biomass as feedstocks to energy producing systems - in addition to oil-derived fuels (Bird et al., 2011, 2012). Growing native mixed microalgal consortia for biomass in association with geothermal resources has the potential to mitigate negative impacts of seasonally low temperatures on biomass production systems as well as mitigate some of the challenges associated with growing unialgal strains. We assessed community composition, growth rates, biomass, and neutral lipid production of microalgal consortia obtained from geothermal hot springs in the Great Basin/Nevada area that were cultured under different thermal and light conditions. Biomass production rates ranged from 39.0 to 344.1 mg C L(-1) day(-1). The neutral lipid production in these consortia with and without shifts to lower temperatures and additions of bicarbonate (both environmental parameters that have been shown to enhance neutral lipid production) ranged from 0 to 38.74 mg free fatty acids (FFA) and triacylglycerols (TAG) L(-1 )day(-1); the upper value was approximately 6% of the biomass produced. The higher lipid values were most likely due to the presence of Achnanthidium sp. Palmitic and stearic acids were the dominant free fatty acids. The S/U ratio (the saturated to unsaturated FA ratio) decreased for cultures shifted from their original temperature to 15°C. Biomass production was within the upper limits of those reported for individual strains, and production of neutral lipids was increased with secondary treatment. All results demonstrate a potential of culturing and manipulating resultant microalgal consortia for biomass-based energy production and perhaps even for biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn F Bywaters
- Division of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute , Reno, NV , USA ; Graduate Program of Environmental Science, University of Nevada Reno , Reno, NV , USA
| | - Christian H Fritsen
- Division of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute , Reno, NV , USA
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Quantitative Analysis of TAG in Oils Using Lithium Cationization and Direct-Infusion ESI Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-015-2604-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Identification of triacylglycerols in archaelogical organic residues by core–shell reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1346:78-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Li S, Xu J, Chen J, Chen J, Zhou C, Yan X. Structural elucidation of co-eluted triglycerides in the marine diatom model organism Thalassiosira pseudonana by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:245-255. [PMID: 24375875 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The precise identification of fatty acids at the sn-2 position of triacylglycerols (TAGs), especially for positional regioisomers (AAB/ABA), needs to be established during mass spectrometry analysis. The detailed structural information about TAGs is significant not only for the assessment of biofuel quality, but also for the tracing of biosynthetic precursors. METHODS Total lipid was extracted from T. pseudonana by a modified Bligh and Dyer method. The qualitative analysis of TAGs in T. pseudonana was carried out using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-Q-TOF-MS). The raw LC/MS data were analyzed using MassLynx software (version 4.1, Waters). RESULTS The acyl group at the sn-2 position of the TAGs has been identified unequivocally by [M + Li-R1/3COOH-R2CH=CHCOOH](+) and the abundance of [M + Li-R1/3COOH-R2CH=CHCOOH](+) can be used to confirm whether the TAG isomers are co-eluted. In total, twelve TAGs were identified in T. pseudonana based on the fragmentation patterns discussed above. The data indicated that only C16 fatty acids were located at the sn-2 position, which was important to trace the biosynthetic precursors of TAGs. CONCLUSIONS We put forward a hypothesis that TAGs in T. pseudonana are only derived from lipids in chloroplasts through prokaryotic biosynthesis pathway based on the precise information of sn-2 fatty acids, which is significant not only for the assessment of biofuel quality, but also for the tracing of biosynthetic precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, P.R. China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, P.R. China
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Le TT, Urasaki Y, Pizzorno G. Uridine prevents fenofibrate-induced fatty liver. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87179. [PMID: 24475249 PMCID: PMC3901748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Uridine, a pyrimidine nucleoside, can modulate liver lipid metabolism although its specific acting targets have not been identified. Using mice with fenofibrate-induced fatty liver as a model system, the effects of uridine on liver lipid metabolism are examined. At a daily dosage of 400 mg/kg, fenofibrate treatment causes reduction of liver NAD(+)/NADH ratio, induces hyper-acetylation of peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme (ECHD) and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), and induces excessive accumulation of long chain fatty acids (LCFA) and very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA). Uridine co-administration at a daily dosage of 400 mg/kg raises NAD(+)/NADH ratio, inhibits fenofibrate-induced hyper-acetylation of ECHD, ACOX1, and reduces accumulation of LCFA and VLCFA. Our data indicates a therapeutic potential for uridine co-administration to prevent fenofibrate-induced fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuc T. Le
- Nevada Cancer Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
- Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
| | - Yasuyo Urasaki
- Nevada Cancer Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
- Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
| | - Giuseppe Pizzorno
- Nevada Cancer Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
- Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America
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Analysis of Solid and Aqueous Phase Products from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Whole and Lipid-Extracted Algae. ENERGIES 2013. [DOI: 10.3390/en7010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Le TT, Ziemba A, Urasaki Y, Hayes E, Brotman S, Pizzorno G. Disruption of uridine homeostasis links liver pyrimidine metabolism to lipid accumulation. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:1044-57. [PMID: 23355744 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m034249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report in this study an intrinsic link between pyrimidine metabolism and liver lipid accumulation utilizing a uridine phosphorylase 1 transgenic mouse model UPase1-TG. Hepatic microvesicular steatosis is induced by disruption of uridine homeostasis through transgenic overexpression of UPase1, an enzyme of the pyrimidine catabolism and salvage pathway. Microvesicular steatosis is also induced by the inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), an enzyme of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. Interestingly, uridine supplementation completely suppresses microvesicular steatosis in both scenarios. The effective concentration (EC(50)) for uridine to suppress microvesicular steatosis is approximately 20 µM in primary hepatocytes of UPase1-TG mice. We find that uridine does not have any effect on in vitro DHODH enzymatic activity. On the other hand, uridine supplementation alters the liver NAD(+)/NADH and NADP(+)/NADPH ratios and the acetylation profile of metabolic, oxidation-reduction, and antioxidation enzymes. Protein acetylation is emerging as a key regulatory mechanism for cellular metabolism. Therefore, we propose that uridine suppresses fatty liver by modulating the liver protein acetylation profile. Our findings reveal a novel link between uridine homeostasis, pyrimidine metabolism, and liver lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuc T Le
- Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, NV 89135, USA.
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