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Cao X, Huang HY, Liang CX, Lin ZC, Zhou JY, Chen X, Huang YY, Zhan ZJ, Ke LR, Han LJ, Xia WX, Tang LQ, Guo SS, Liang H, Guo X, Lv X. Toripalimab plus capecitabine in the treatment of patients with residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a single-arm phase 2 trial. Nat Commun 2024; 15:949. [PMID: 38297016 PMCID: PMC10831082 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma after receiving definitive treatment have poor prognoses. Although immune checkpoint therapies have achieved breakthroughs for treating recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma, none of these strategies have been assessed for treating residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In this single-arm, phase 2 trial, we aimed to evaluate the antitumor efficacy and safety of toripalimab (anti-PD1 antibody) plus capecitabine in patients with residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma after definitive treatment (ChiCTR1900023710). Primary endpoint of this trial was the objective response rate assessed according to RECIST (version 1.1). Secondary endpoints included complete response rate, disease control rate, duration of response, progression-free survival, safety profile, and treatment compliance. Between June 1, 2020, and May 31, 2021, 23 patients were recruited and received six cycles of toripalimab plus capecitabine every 3 weeks. In efficacy analyses, 13 patients (56.5%) had complete response, and 9 patients (39.1%) had partial response, with an objective response rate of 95.7% (95% CI 78.1-99.9). The trial met its prespecified primary endpoint. In safety analyses, 21 of (91.3%) 23 patients had treatment-related adverse events. The most frequently reported adverse event was hand-foot syndrome (11 patients [47.8%]). The most common grade 3 adverse event was hand-foot syndrome (two patients [8.7%]). No grades 4-5 treatment-related adverse events were recorded. This phase 2 trial shows that combining toripalimab with capecitabine has promising antitumour activity and a manageable safety profile for patients with residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Cao
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Yang Huang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chi-Xiong Liang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Chen Lin
- Department of Medical Records, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhou
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Jiang Zhan
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Ru Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu-Jun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Xiong Xia
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Quan Tang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan-Shan Guo
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hu Liang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Lv
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China/Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy/Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China.
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Huang YY, Zhou JY, Zhan ZJ, Ke LR, Xia WX, Cao X, Cai ZC, Deng Y, Chen X, Zhang LL, Huang HY, Guo X, Lv X. Tumor residue in patients with stage II-IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma who received intensity-modulated radiation therapy: development and validation of a prediction nomogram integrating postradiotherapy plasma Epstein-Barr virus deoxyribonucleic acid, clinical stage, and radiotherapy dose. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:410. [PMID: 37149594 PMCID: PMC10164328 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10827-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To develop and validate a predictive nomogram for tumor residue 3-6 months after treatment based on postradiotherapy plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), clinical stage, and radiotherapy (RT) dose in patients with stage II-IVA nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). METHODS In this retrospective study, 1050 eligible patients with stage II-IVA NPC, who completed curative IMRT and underwent pretreatment and postradiotherapy (-7 to +28 days after IMRT) EBV DNA testing, were enrolled from 2012 to 2017. The prognostic value of the residue was explored using Cox regression analysis in patients (n=1050). A nomogram for predicting tumor residues after 3-6 months was developed using logistic regression analyses in the development cohort (n=736) and validated in an internal cohort (n=314). RESULTS Tumor residue was an independent inferior prognostic factor for 5-year overall survival, progression-free survival, locoregional recurrence-free survival and distant metastasis-free survival (all P<0.001). A prediction nomogram based on postradiotherapy plasma EBV DNA level (0 vs. 1-499 vs. ≥500 copies/ml), clinical stage (II vs. III vs. IVA), and RT dose (68.00-69.96 vs. 70.00-74.00 Gy) estimated the probability of residue development. The nomogram showed better discrimination (area under the curve (AUC): 0.752) than either the clinical stage (0.659) or postradiotherapy EBV DNA level (0.627) alone in the development and validation cohorts (AUC: 0.728). CONCLUSIONS We developed and validated a nomogram model integrating clinical characteristics at the end of IMRT for predicting whether tumor will residue or not after 3-6 months. Thus, high-risk NPC patients who might benefit from immediate additional intervention could be identified by the model, and the probability of residue can be reduced in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Jiang Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang-Ru Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Xiong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Chen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Yang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
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Fornel DG, Ferrisse TM, de Oliveira AB, Fontana CR. Photodynamic Therapy Can Modulate the Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Microenvironment Infected with the Epstein-Barr Virus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051344. [PMID: 37239013 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignancy from epithelial cells predominantly associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and it is responsible for 140,000 deaths annually. There is a current need to develop new strategies to increase the efficacy of antineoplastic treatment and reduce side effects. Thus, the present study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the ability of photodynamic therapy (PDT) to modulate the tumor microenvironment and PDT efficacy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma treatment. The reviewers conducted all steps in the systematic review. PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Scielo, Lilacs, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library databases were searched. The OHAT was used to assess the risk of bias. Meta-analysis was performed with a random-effects model (α = 0.05). Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells treated with PDT showed that IL-8, IL-1α, IL-1β, LC3BI, LC3BII, MMP2, and MMP9 levels were significantly higher than in groups that did not receive PDT. NF-ĸB, miR BART 1-5p, BART 16, and BART 17-5p levels were significantly lower in the PDT group than in the control group. Apoptosis levels and the viability of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (>70%) infected with EBV were effective after PDT. This treatment also increased LMP1 levels (0.28-0.50/p < 0.05) compared to the control group. PDT showed promising results for efficacy in killing nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells infected with EBV and modulating the tumor microenvironment. Further preclinical studies should be performed to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diógenes Germano Fornel
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Túlio Morandin Ferrisse
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Analú Barros de Oliveira
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Araraquara 14801-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Raquel Fontana
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Araraquara 14801-902, SP, Brazil
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Zhao Y, Fang J, Zhong Q, Zhang L, Wang C, Zhang J, Chen J, Feng L, He S, Ma H, Hou L, Lian M, Shi Q, Shen X, Yang Y, Wang R. A combined microinvasive trans-submandibular and nasendoscopy surgical approach to dissect recurrent or radiotherapy-insensitive nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:939404. [PMID: 36059683 PMCID: PMC9428256 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.939404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate a novel combined microinvasive trans-submandibular and nasendoscopy surgical approach for nasopharyngeal carcinoma involving the parapharyngeal space. Methods Seven patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma involving the parapharyngeal space between May 2018 and April 2021, two males and five females, aged 37–63 years.Six of the 7 patients underwent submental flap preparation and dissection of the lymph nodes in the upper neck and parapharyngeal space on the lesion side. The nasopharynx lesions and tumor margins were dissected under nasal endoscopy. The medial boundary of internal carotid artery separated by open cervical approach was used as the lateral boundary of the tumor to realize en bloc resection of the tumor. Results The patients were preoperatively diagnosed with T2~3N0M0 nasopharyngeal carcinoma, including mucoepidermoid carcinoma (n=2), papillary adenocarcinoma (n=1), and nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (n=4). The tumors were removed completely, and patients achieved primary healing of the incision. No recurrence and no serious complications were recorded during the 13–48 month follow-up. Conclusion Complete resection of the tumor was obtained in the 7 patients without recurrence and serious complications during the follow-up. The findings of this cohort study suggest that, patients with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy and radiotherapy-insensitive types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the combined microinvasive trans-submandibular and nasendoscopy surgical approach may be considered as an surgical options. The results of this study provide an additional option for surgical treatment of NPC in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ru Wang
- *Correspondence: Jugao Fang, ; Ru Wang,
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Xi Y, Ge X, Ji H, Wang L, Duan S, Chen H, Wang M, Hu H, Jiang F, Ding Z. Prediction of Response to Induction Chemotherapy Plus Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Based on MRI Radiomics and Delta Radiomics: A Two-Center Retrospective Study. Front Oncol 2022; 12:824509. [PMID: 35530350 PMCID: PMC9074388 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.824509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to establish an MRI radiomics model and a Delta radiomics model to predict tumor retraction after induction chemotherapy (IC) combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in non-endemic areas and to validate its efficacy. Methods A total of 272 patients (155 in the training set, 66 in the internal validation set, and 51 in the external validation set) with biopsy pathologically confirmed primary NPC who were screened for pretreatment MRI were retrospectively collected. The NPC tumor was delineated as a region of interest in the two sequenced images of MRI before treatment and after IC, followed by radiomics feature extraction. With the use of maximum relevance minimum redundancy (mRMR) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithms, logistic regression was performed to establish pretreatment MRI radiomics and pre- and post-IC Delta radiomics models. The optimal Youden’s index was taken; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve were drawn to evaluate the predictive efficacy of different models. Results Seven optimal feature subsets were selected from the pretreatment MRI radiomics model, and twelve optimal subsets were selected from the Delta radiomics model. The area under the ROC curve, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) of the MRI radiomics model were 0.865, 0.827, 0.837, 0.813, 0.776, and 0.865, respectively; the corresponding indicators of the Delta radiomics model were 0.941, 0.883, 0.793, 0.968, 0.833, and 0.958, respectively. Conclusion The pretreatment MRI radiomics model and pre- and post-IC Delta radiomics models could predict the IC-CCRT response of NPC in non-epidemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Xi
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, 903rd Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuhong Ge
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiming Ji
- Department of Radiology, Liangzhu Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luoyu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaofeng Duan
- GE Healthcare, Precision Health Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Haonan Chen
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengze Wang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongjie Hu
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Medical College Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital/Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Jiang, ; Zhongxiang Ding,
| | - Zhongxiang Ding
- Department of Radiology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Jiang, ; Zhongxiang Ding,
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Cheng Y. miR-135b-5p Targets SIRT1 to Inhibit Deacetylation of c-JUN and Increase MMP7 Expression to Promote Migration and Invasion of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 64:693-701. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00457-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shu C, Yan H, Zheng W, Lin K, James A, Selvarajan S, Lim CM, Huang Z. Deep Learning-Guided Fiberoptic Raman Spectroscopy Enables Real-Time In Vivo Diagnosis and Assessment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Post-treatment Efficacy during Endoscopy. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10898-10906. [PMID: 34319713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we develop a deep learning-guided fiberoptic Raman diagnostic platform to assess its ability of real-time in vivo nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) diagnosis and post-treatment follow-up of NPC patients. The robust Raman diagnostic platform is established using innovative multi-layer Raman-specified convolutional neural networks (RS-CNN) together with simultaneous fingerprint and high-wavenumber spectra acquired within sub-seconds using a fiberoptic Raman endoscopy system. We have acquired a total of 15,354 FP/HW in vivo Raman spectra (control: 1761; NPC: 4147; and post-treatment (PT): 9446) from 888 tissue sites of 418 subjects (healthy control: 85; NPC: 82; and PT: 251) during endoscopic examination. The optimized RS-CNN model provides an overall diagnostic accuracy of 82.09% (sensitivity of 92.18% and specificity of 73.99%) for identifying NPC from control and post-treatment patients, which is superior to the best diagnosis performance (accuracy of 73.57%; sensitivity of 89.74%; and specificity of 58.10%) using partial-least-squares linear-discriminate-analysis, proving the robustness and high spectral information sensitiveness of the RS-CNN model developed. We further investigate the saliency map of the best RS-CNN models using the correctly predicted Raman spectra. The specific Raman signatures that are related to the cancer-associated biomolecular variations (e.g., collagens, lipids, and nucleic acids) are uncovered in the map, validating the diagnostic capability of RS-CNN models to correlate with biomolecular signatures. Deep learning-based Raman spectroscopy is a powerful diagnostic tool for rapid screening and surveillance of NPC patients and can also be deployed for longitudinal follow-up monitoring of post-treatment NPC patients to detect early cancer recurrences in the head and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Shu
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Hanshu Yan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Wei Zheng
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Kan Lin
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Anne James
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | | | - Chwee Ming Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
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Zhang B, Li Y, Weng J, Huang B, Ban M, Lan G, Lu Y, Luo J, Qu S, Si Y. Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Nasopharyngectomy Combined With Low-Dose Radiotherapy for Primary T1-2 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211011975. [PMID: 33896244 PMCID: PMC8085368 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211011975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is a widely accepted therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but it inevitably brings out radiation-related complications and seriously affects the quality of life (QoL). Endoscopic nasopharyngectomy (ENPG) has been successfully conducted in locally recurred NPC, but few studies evaluated its application in early NPC. This study aims to assess the feasibility and safety of ENPG combined with low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) in T1-2 NPC. Patients and Methods: We recruited 37 newly diagnosed localized T1-2 NPC patients who voluntarily accepted ENPG +LDRT from June 2013 to September 2016. Meanwhile, the data of 132 T1-2 NPC patients treated with IMRT were collected and used as control group. The survival outcomes, QoL score and late RT-related sequelaes were compared between the 2 groups. Results: After a median follow-up of 54 months, only 1 patient in ENPG+LDRT group died along with hepatic metastases. The 5-year overall survival, distant metastasis-free survival, local relapse-free survival and regional relapse-free survival in ENPG+LDRT group were 97.3%, 97.3%, 100% and 100%, which were not statistically different from the control group (97.7%, 90.2%, 95. 5%, 97.0%, respectively, all P > 0.05). In comparison with IMRT group, ENPG+LDRT exhibited better QoL and less rate of late RT-related sequlaes including hearing loss (53.8% vs 27.0%, P = 0.005), xerostomia (46.2% vs 24.3%, P = 0.023) and dysphagia (25.8% vs 8.1%, P = 0.024). Conclusions: ENPG+LDRT provided satisfactory survival outcomes, and improved the QoL and reduced the incidence of sequelae for T1-2 NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjian Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Jingjin Weng
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Molu Ban
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Guiping Lan
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Jianhui Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Shenhong Qu
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yongfeng Si
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
- Yongfeng Si, MD, Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Oncology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 of Taoyuan Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning 530021, China.
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9
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Shu C, Zheng W, Lin K, Lim C, Huang Z. Label-Free Follow-Up Surveying of Post-Treatment Efficacy and Recurrence in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients with Fiberoptic Raman Endoscopy. Anal Chem 2021; 93:2053-2061. [PMID: 33406834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the main cause of poor prognosis for NPC patients after chemo- and radiotherapies. Subsequent long-term follow-ups of post-treatment patients are crucial for the early discovery of tumor recurrence with timely intervention. Current clinical imaging methods based on tissue morphology encounter difficulties in differentiating recurrent tumors from post-treatment inflammation and fibrosis. In this work, we apply a unique fiberoptic Raman endoscopy technique to address the challenges for label-free follow-up surveying of post-treatment NPC patients and accurate detection of tumor recurrence. Significant Raman spectral differences can be observed among normal, NPC, and nonrecurring post-treatment patients. Raman endoscopy provides diagnostic accuracy of 100% for detecting recurrent NPC from early post-treatment inflammation and diagnostic accuracy of 98.21% for separating recurrent NPC from long-term post-treatment fibrosis. Further quantitative Raman modeling on in vivo nasopharyngeal tissue Raman data acquired unveils the changes of major tissue biochemicals (e.g., triolein, elastin, keratin, fibrillar collagen, and type IV collagen) associated with primary NPC and post-treatment recurrent NPC tissue compared to normal nasopharyngeal tissue. This work demonstrates that fiberoptic Raman endoscopy can be a clinically powerful diagnostic tool for rapid, label-free post-treatment surveying and recurrent tumor detection in NPC patients at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Shu
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576
| | - Wei Zheng
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576
| | - Kan Lin
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576
| | - Chweeming Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Singapore General Hospital, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169608
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576
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10
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Significance of boost dose for T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma with residual primary lesion after intensity-modulated radiotherapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2047-2055. [PMID: 33392660 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies showed poorer survival in T4 disease with residual lesion. To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a boost dose for T4 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), patients with a residual primary lesion after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). METHODS 398 T4 NPC patients with residual primary lesions after radical IMRT were retrospectively reviewed. An IMRT boost dose of 4-6.75 Gy was delivered to the residual lesions in 2-3 fractions. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance potential confounders between groups (ratio, 1:2). The presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in plasma after IMRT was used for risk stratification. RESULTS Patients who received boost radiation had significantly improved overall survival (OS) and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) compared with those who did not (all P < 0.05). In the matched cohort, 3-year OS was 86.6% in the boost radiation group and 72.7% in the non-boost group (P = 0.022). Three-year LRFS was 93.4% in the boost radiation group and 83.5% in the non-boost group (P = 0.022). In the subgroup analysis, boost dose was shown to significantly improve 3-year OS (88.0% vs. 74.1%, P = 0.021) in the low-risk group (with undetectable plasma EBV DNA after IMRT). The administration of a boost dose also improved 3-year OS in the high-risk group (with detectable plasma EBV DNA after IMRT) (66.7% vs. 60.0%, P = 0.375). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that boost dose was the only protective prognostic factor. CONCLUSION The addition of a boost dose for T4 NPC patients with residual primary lesion after radical IMRT provides satisfactory tumor control and clinical benefit. Additional timely and effective strengthening treatments are recommended for patients with detectable levels of plasma EBV DNA after radiotherapy.
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11
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Liu F, Chen B, Chen W, Chen S, Ma D, Xie M. Preparation of FA-targeted magnetic nanocomposites co-loading TFPI-2 plasmid and cis-platinum and its targeted therapy effects on nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2355-2365. [PMID: 33967612 PMCID: PMC8100641 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.52643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of patients diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) present with advanced-stage disease. The main treatment for these patients is concurrent chemoradiotherapy, which has various side effects. To improve the therapeutic effects and reduce the side effects of NPC chemoradiotherapy, we constructed a multifunctional folic acid (FA)-targeted magnetic nanocomposite codelivering tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) and cisplatin (CDDP). This novel nanocomposite (FA-MNP/CDDP/TFPI-2) was obtained by amidation and electrostatic adsorption between FA-methoxypolyethylene glycol-polyethyleneimine (FA-MPEG-PEI) containing the TFPI-2 plasmid and magnetic nanoparticles modified by aldehyde sodium alginate loaded with CDDP. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that the size of the individual magnetite particle core was approximately 11.5 nm. The structure and composition of the nanocomposites were identified and examined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry. The fluorescence analysis, Prussian blue iron staining, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and whole-body fluorescence imaging results demonstrated that FA-MNP/CDDP/TFPI-2 showed high gene transfection efficiency and could target tumor cells via folate receptor (FR)-mediated delivery. The codelivery analysis showed that the obtained FA-MNP/CDDP/TFPI-2 composite could cause significantly more apoptosis than treatment with CDDP or TFPI-2 alone. The results showed that the FA-MNP/CDDP/TFPI-2 composites were successfully synthesized and indicated to be a specific molecular target for the FR with significant inhibitory effects on the growth of HNE-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Bojie Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Weifeng Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Shuaijun Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Dong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering,Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Minqiang Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
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12
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Long Y, Cao X, Zhao R, Gong S, Jin L, Feng C. Fucoxanthin treatment inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell proliferation through induction of autophagy mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:1082-1090. [PMID: 32449842 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) arises from the epithelium of the nasopharyngeal mucosa. Elderly people above the age of 65 years are more susceptible to NPC. Nasopharyngectomy is the renowned treatment procedure to NPC; however, it is too risky due to its complicated surgical procedure. Other treatment methods also reported with serious side effects such brain injury; hence, the alternative anticancer drug without any side effects was needed. Fucoxanthin is a carotenoid derived from marine algae with the numerous pharmacological functions. This study aims to examine the inhibitory potential in NPC cell proliferation via apoptosis and autophagy. The cytotoxicity of fucoxanthin on C666-1 cells was observed by the MTT assay. The expression of autophagy-linked proteins was assessed with immunoblotting analysis. The expression of autophagy protein LC3 was estimated using immunocytochemical analysis in C666-1 and GFP-LC3 transfected cells. Furthermore, the fucoxanthin-treated C666-1 cells were analyzed with TUNEL assay. The apoptotic level in the fucoxanthin-treated C666-1 cells was evaluated using acridine orange staining. Fucoxanthin significantly increased the expression of autophagy-linked proteins which is clearly depicted in the immunoblotting analysis and immunocytochemical analysis of GFP-tagged LC3 protein. The results of TUNEL assay of fucoxanthin-treated C666-1 in the presence autophagy inhibitors demonstrated the induction of autophagy by fucoxanthin. Acridine orange staining results of C666-1 confirmed fucoxanthin decreases the expression of autophagy-linked proteins during stressed condition thereby causes apoptosis. Our overall results authentically conclude that fucoxanthin induces autophagy and apoptosis in NPC cell line, and it can be ideal agent to treat nasopharyngeal cancer in future with further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Long
- Department of General Medicine, Kunming Yuanan Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xianbao Cao
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yunnan First People's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ruiquan Zhao
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 920 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Sunmin Gong
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yunnan First People's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lijuan Jin
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chun Feng
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yunnan First People's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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13
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Weng JJ, Wei JZ, Li M, Zhang SJ, Wei YZ, Wang HW, Qin DX, Lu JL, Jiang H, Qu SH. Effects of Surgery Combined with Chemoradiotherapy on Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Early-Stage Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:7813-7826. [PMID: 32922081 PMCID: PMC7457865 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s262567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The efficacy of surgery as the primary treatment modality for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is yet to be clarified. Therefore, we aimed to explore the short- and long-term efficacy of surgery for early-stage NPC. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 341 patients diagnosed with early-stage NPC between September 2010 and December 2015. Among them, 58 patients underwent endoscopic nasopharyngectomy combined with chemoradiotherapy, whereas 283 patients underwent conventional chemoradiotherapy. The patients who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone were matched to patients who underwent surgery in a 1:2 ratio using propensity score matching to analyze the clinical efficacy of each therapeutic modality. The primary endpoint was survival, and the secondary endpoints were tumor regression rate and reduction in Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-DNA levels. Results After matching, 156 patients were enrolled (58 patients in the surgery group; 98 patients in the non-surgery group). The baseline data of the matched patients had good inter-group comparability (All P>0.05). The surgery group had significantly higher 5-year overall survival (98.30% vs. 91.70%), disease-free survival (98.30% vs. 81.40%), and recurrence-free survival (100.00% vs. 90.10%) rates than did the non-surgery group (All P<0.05). In total, 0 and 14 patients in the surgery and non-surgery groups, respectively, had residual cancer at the end of treatment (P=0.001). All patients in the surgery group tested negative for EBV-DNA, whereas two patients in the non-surgery group tested positive. The incidence of hematologic toxicity during treatment was similar between the two groups (All P>0.05). Still, the incidence of severe oral mucositis was lower in the surgery group than in the non-surgery group (37.9% vs. 54.08%, P=0.051). Conclusion Surgery can improve the clearance rate of EB virus and reduce tumor residue. Surgery may be a safe and effective treatment for early NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jin Weng
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Zhang Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Zhong Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Wei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Xue Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Long Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - He Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen-Hong Qu
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
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Improved long-term results of intensity-modulated radiotherapy for a non-endemic European nasopharyngeal carcinoma cohort: single-center retrospective study. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2020; 25:521-526. [PMID: 32477017 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Report our matured outcomes of European nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treatment from a non-endemic region in the IMRT era. Methods We reviewed 109 consecutive patients with biopsy proven NPC treated between 2009 and 2013. All received IMRT as per RTOG 0615. Toxicity was scored accordingly to CTCAE 4.03. Platinum-based chemotherapy was delivered following the Intergroup 0099. Results Median age of 53 years; 97% Caucasian; 74% male; 72% WHO grade III; 43% T1; 14% T2; 18% T3, 25% T4; 17% N0; 17% N1; 39% N2; 27% N3. Compliance to adjuvant chemotherapy was 88%. With a median follow up of 56 months, the 4-year local control was 90.2% (88.6% for T1; 100% for T2; 85% for T3; and 91.7% for T4), the 4-year distant metastases-free survival was 86% and an overall survival rate was 77%. Local control and survival were better in G3 (p < 0.001 and p = 0.032, respectively). Xerostomia was the most frequent late toxicity in 55% (n = 60). Hypothyroidism requiring hormonal reposition occurred in 15.5% (n = 17). From the 36 deaths, 20 were due to distant metastases, 3 grade 5 toxicity, 2 from local progression, 5 non-cancer deaths and unknown cause in the remaining 6. On multivariable analysis, age (p = 0.017), local recurrence and distant metastases were associated with death (p < 0.001, both). Conclusion Our matured data from the IMRT era showed a major improvement from our 3D cohort series reaching excellent local and regional control, even in T4. Local recurrences, despite few, and distant metastases were correlated with the risk of death.
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15
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Li XY, Meng HL, Li KG, Yang XH, Zhu XD, Li L, Liang ZG, Pan XB, Zeng FY, Qu S. Amyloid Beta (A4) Precursor Protein: A Potential Biomarker for Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:10651-10656. [PMID: 31908537 PMCID: PMC6929967 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s218030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common cancers in Southern China, Southeast Asia. Radiotherapy is the main treatment for NPC. Still, about 20% of patients with NPC have a recurrence. No effective serum biomarkers are available for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) to date. This study aimed to explore whether amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (APP) might serve as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for patients with rNPC. Methods In a previous study, a tandem mass tag–based proteomic test was performed, which screened 59 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between nonrecurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (nrNPC) and rNPC. In this study, a protein–protein interaction was conducted to screen the key proteins among the 59 DEPs. APP was validated and evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 70 serum samples [recurrence (n = 35) and no-recurrence (n = 35)]. Also, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of APP. Results The area under the ROC curve was 0.666 (95% CI: 0.514–0.818, P = 0.044). The best cutoff point of the relative expression levels for APP was 1.23 (concentration = 16.95 ng/mL), at which the sensitivity was 55.2% and the specificity was 90.9%. Conclusion The findings indicated that APP might be a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for patients with rNPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ling Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Guo Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hui Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Guo Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Bin Pan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan-Yan Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
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16
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Feng J, Zhan Y, Zhang Y, Zheng H, Wang W, Fan S. Increased expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 10 and HSP70 correlates with poor prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:8219-8227. [PMID: 31564980 PMCID: PMC6735532 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s218427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a large family of chaperones implicating in occurrence and progression of tumor. In our previous study, we found HSP10 correlates with poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma and astrocytoma. HSP70 is also an important part of this family and whether the alterations of HSP10 and HSP70 expression and their common expression correlates with carcinogenesis and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has not been reported. METHOD In this study, we investigate the correlation between the expression of HSP10 and HSP70 and clinicopathological characteristics in NPC by immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS Results indicated that positive expression of HSP10 and HSP70 was higher in NPC tissues (both P<0.001). Positive expression of HSP10 and HSP70 proteins, and common positive expression of the two HSPs analyzed in advanced clinical stages were higher than that in early clinical stages (All P<0.05). There was significantly higher expression of HSP10, HSP70, and common expression in NPC with LNM (lymph node metastasis) compared with NPC without LNM (All P<0.05). Interestingly, positive expression of HSP10 and HSP70 proteins and common expression had an evidently inverse correlation with survival status (All P<0.05). Spearman's correlation analysis showed expression of HSP10 was positively associated with HSP70 (r=0.407, P<0 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the overall survival rates for NPC patients with positive expression of HSP10 and HSP70 and common expression were significantly lower than these patients with negative expression (All P<0.05). Furthermore, positive expression of HSP10 and HSP70 proteins was identified as independent poor prognostic factors for NPC patients (both P<0.05) by Cox regression analysis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, HSP10 and HSP70 can serve as the poor prognostic factors for NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Laboratory of Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zhan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
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Yin W, Shi L, Mao Y. MicroRNA-449b-5p suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting TPD52 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Biochem 2019; 166:433-440. [PMID: 31350893 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvz057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an important type of head and neck malignant cancer with geographical distribution. MicroRNA-449b-5p (miR-449b-5p) is related to the development of various cancers, while its function in NPC remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the role and target gene of miR-449b-5p in NPC. Expressions of miR-449b-5p in NPC cell lines and clinical tissues were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation was determined by MTT and colony formation assays. Migration and invasion abilities after different treatment were evaluated by wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to explore the relationship between miR-449b-5p and tumour protein D52 (TPD52). TPD52 expression was determined by qRT-PCR and western blot assay. miR-449b-5p was significantly downregulated in NPC cell lines and clinical tissues than the matched control. Overexpression of miR-449b-5p inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of NPC cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-449b-5p directly targeted TPD52. Furthermore, shRNA-mediated downregulation of TPD52 rectified the promotion of cell migration and invasion by miR-449b-5p inhibition. In conclusion, the present study suggests that miR-449b-5p, as a novel tumour-suppressive miRNA against NPC, inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of NPC cells via inhibiting TPD52 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, No. 34 Yanguanxiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jingwuweiqi Road #324, Jinan, China
| | - Yanjiao Mao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, No. 34 Yanguanxiang, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Žuvela P, Lin K, Shu C, Zheng W, Lim CM, Huang Z. Fiber-Optic Raman Spectroscopy with Nature-Inspired Genetic Algorithms Enhances Real-Time in Vivo Detection and Diagnosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Anal Chem 2019; 91:8101-8108. [PMID: 31135136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is an optical vibrational spectroscopic technique capable of probing specific biochemical structures and conformation of tissue and cells in biomedical systems. This work aims to assess the clinical utility of a fiber-optic Raman spectroscopy with nature-inspired genetic algorithms for enhancing in vivo detection and diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. The Raman diagnostic platform is developed based on simultaneous fingerprint (FP) and high-wavenumber (HW) fiber-optic Raman endoscopy associated with genetic algorithms-partial least-squares-linear discriminant analysis (GA-PLS-LDA). A total of 2126 in vivo FP/HW Raman spectra (598 NPC, 1528 normal) acquired from 113 tissue sites of 14 NPC patients and 48 healthy subjects during nasopharyngeal endoscopic examinations. Distinct Raman peaks have been identified (853 cm-1 - proteins, 1209 cm-1 - phenylalanine, 1265 cm-1 - proteins, 1335 cm-1 - proteins and nucleic acids, 1554 cm-1 - tryptophan, porphyrin, 2885 cm-1 - lipids, 2940 cm-1 - proteins, 3009 cm-1 - lipids, and 3250 cm-1 - water) that are related to the significant biochemical changes ( p < 1 × 10-5) in NPC compared to normal tissue. Raman diagnostic performance is evaluated through the leave-one-object (tissue site)-out cross-validation (LOOCV) method. A statistically significant GA-PLS-LDA model ( p < 1 × 10-5) on FP/HW Raman yields a CV diagnostic accuracy of 98.23% (111/113), sensitivity of 93.33% (28/30), and specificity of 100% (83/83) for NPC classification. This work demonstrates that the fiber-optic FP/HW Raman diagnostic platform developed has great promise for improving real-time in vivo detection and diagnosis of NPC at the molecular level during clinical nasopharyngeal endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Žuvela
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576
| | - Kan Lin
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576
| | - Chi Shu
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576
| | - Wei Zheng
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576
| | - Chwee Ming Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery , National University of Singapore and National University Health System , Singapore 119074
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Optical Bioimaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , National University of Singapore , 9 Engineering Drive 1 , Singapore 117576
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19
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Tang Y, Sun X, Yu S, Bie X, Wang J, Ren L. Inhibition of Ezrin suppresses cell migration and invasion in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:553-560. [PMID: 31289527 PMCID: PMC6539485 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most severe types of malignant cancer of the head and neck as it is difficult to treat. Ezrin is highly expressed in numerous types of cancer. However, the role of Ezrin in NPC has not been fully investigated and further studies are required in order to uncover its therapeutic potential in the treatment of NPC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of Ezrin in human NPC and to evaluate the effect of knockdown of Ezrin using small interfering (si)-RNA on NPC cell migration and invasion. The expression levels of Ezrin were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemical staining and western blotting. Following transfection of Ezrin-siRNA into NPC cells, cell invasion and migration were analyzed and the mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2 and MMP9 were determined. The results revealed that the expression of Ezrin was markedly increased in human NPC tissue samples compared with normal adjacent nasopharyngeal tissue samples. Ezrin was also highly expressed in the NPC cell lines 6-10B and C6661 when compared with the normal nasopharyngeal cell line NP69. Transfection of NPC cell lines with siRNA targeting Ezrin significantly inhibited NPC cell migration and invasion, and downregulated the mRNA expression level of MMP2; however, no effect was observed on MMP9 mRNA expression. At the same time, knockdown of Ezrin significantly decreased the expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt), which downregulated the mRNA expression of MMP2. In conclusion, the results revealed that knockdown of Ezrin suppressed NPC migration and invasion by reducing the mRNA expression of MMP2 via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. These results highlight the important role of Ezrin in NPC cell migration and invasion. In addition, they indicate that silencing of Ezrin may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat human NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
| | - Xiuzhen Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
| | - Shen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China
| | - Xu Bie
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
| | - Jizhe Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
| | - Lidan Ren
- Department of Oncology, The 210th Hospital of PLA, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
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20
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Song YC, Hung KF, Liang KL, Chiang JH, Huang HC, Lee HJ, Wu MY, Yu SJ, Lo HY, Ho TY, Yen HR. Adjunctive Chinese herbal medicine therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Clinical evidence and experimental validation. Head Neck 2019; 41:2860-2872. [PMID: 30985039 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the benefits of adjunctive Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS We included all patients diagnosed with NPC during 1997-2009 and followed until 2011 in Taiwan. We used 1:1 frequency matching by age, sex, comorbidity, conventional treatment, and index year to compare the CHM users and non-CHM users (n = 2542 each). The prescribed CHM was further investigated with regard to its cytotoxicity. RESULTS Compared with non-CHM users, adjunctive CHM users had a lower hazard ratio of mortality risk, and a better survival probability. Gan-Lu-Yin (GLY) was the most commonly prescribed CHM, and it reduced cell viability, inhibited tumor proliferation, and induced apoptosis through the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspase-3-dependent pathway in human NPC TW01 cells. Oral administration of GLY retarded NPC-TW01 tumor growth in the xenograft nude mouse model. CONCLUSION Real-world data and laboratory experiments implied that adjunctive CHM might be beneficial for NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chyi Song
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Feng Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Li Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Huai Chiang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chi Huang
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Lee
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yao Wu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Jie Yu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Lo
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tin-Yun Ho
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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21
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Luo H, Yu YY, Chen HM, Wu W, Li Y, Lin H. The combination of NVP-BEZ235 and rapamycin regulates nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell viability and apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:99-106. [PMID: 30651769 PMCID: PMC6307517 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare malignancy with a remarkable geographical distribution. Regarding NPC treatment, improving the survival rate of advanced patients seems promising. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway deregulation is closely associated with tumorigenesis. In the present study, the NPC cell line SUNE1 was divided into four groups: Control, NVP-BEZ235, rapamycin, and NVP-BEZ235+rapamycin. SUNE1 cells in the NVP-BEZ235 group were incubated with NVP-BEZ235; cells in the rapamycin group were incubated with rapamycin, whereas the NVP-BEZ235+rapamycin group refers to SUNE1 cells incubated with a mixture of NVP-BEZ235 and rapamycin. The control group was treated with the same amount of vehicle. Morphological, MTT, terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling and flow cytometry assays demonstrated that NVP-BEZ235 and rapamycin caused morphological changes, inhibited cell viability and induced cellular apoptosis. In addition, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot revealed that the combination of NVP-BEZ235 and rapamycin affected the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. The combination of NVP-BEZ235 and rapamycin significantly improved the effect of the drug therapy. The potential underlying mechanism may comprise the joint effects of inhibiting cell viability, promoting cellular apoptosis and reducing relative signal protein expression levels in SUNE1 cells. These findings provided novel evidence that NVP-BEZ235 suppresses NPC development, and indicated a promising potential application of combination drug therapy (NVP-BEZ235+rapamycin) for the clinical treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Luo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Yu Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Mei Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hong Lin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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22
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Lee HM, Okuda KS, González FE, Patel V. Current Perspectives on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1164:11-34. [PMID: 31576537 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22254-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Of the ~129,079 new cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and 72,987 associated deaths estimated for 2018, the majority will be geographically localized to South East Asia, and likely to show an upward trend annually. It is thought that disparities in dietary habits, lifestyle, and exposures to harmful environmental factors are likely the root cause of NPC incidence rates to differ geographically. Genetic differences due to ethnicity and the Epstein Barr virus (EBV) are likely contributing factors. Pertinently, NPC is associated with poor prognosis which is largely attributed to lack of awareness of the salient symptoms of NPC. These include nose hemorrhage and headaches and coupled with detection and the limited therapeutic options. Treatment options include radiotherapy or chemotherapy or combination of both. Surgical excision is generally the last option considered for advanced and metastatic disease, given the close proximity of nasopharynx to brain stem cell area, major blood vessels, and nerves. To improve outcome of NPC patients, novel cellular and in vivo systems are needed to allow an understanding of the underling molecular events causal for NPC pathogenesis and for identifying novel therapeutic targets and effective therapies. While challenges and gaps in current NPC research are noted, some advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies targeting EBV NPCs are discussed in this chapter, which may offer improvements in outcome of NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Mei Lee
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kazuhida Shaun Okuda
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Fermín E González
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and Cancer, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vyomesh Patel
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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23
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Zhang YM, Chen MN, Gao JM, Zhou CH, Xiao JX, Sun ZY, Liao WH, Yi XP, Zee C, Chen BT. A Predictive Scoring Model for Short-Term Local Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2018; 34:76-84. [PMID: 30585765 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To predict the early identification of recurrence based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients. METHODS The clinical and MRI data of 215 patients with local recurrent NPC were retrospectively reviewed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to distinguish the independent risk factors for the short-term (less than 24 months) local recurrence of NPC. The predictive score model was based on the regression coefficients of significant independent variables. RESULTS Residual disease in the nasopharyngeal cavity (NC), masticator space invasion (MSI), skull base bone erosion (SBBE), and MRI-detected cranial nerve invasion (MDCNI) were all significant independent risk factors for the short-term recurrence of NPC (p < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the total score had a maximal AUC (area under the curve) value of 0.897, with a cutoff point of 10.50. The sensitivity and specificity were 79.4% and 80.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION Residual lesions in NC, MSI, SBBE, and MDCNI are independent risk factors in predicting the short-term recurrence of NPC. The authors' findings suggest that patients with a score of more than 10.50 points should be hypervigilant regarding the possibility of short-term recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Ming Zhang
- 1 Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Na Chen
- 2 Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ming Gao
- 3 Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hui Zhou
- 1 Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Xing Xiao
- 4 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, ZhanJiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Yi Sun
- 5 Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Hua Liao
- 1 Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Yi
- 1 Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,6 Postdoctoral Research Workstation of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China.,7 Department of Radiology, Keck Medical Center of USC, Los Angeles, California.,8 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Chishing Zee
- 7 Department of Radiology, Keck Medical Center of USC, Los Angeles, California
| | - Bihong T Chen
- 8 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
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24
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Abstract
Over the last few years, certain areas in the management nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) that have an impact on the care of these patients have evolved, particularly with regard to liquid biopsies, minimally invasive surgery, and advances in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Beyond its proven role in the diagnostics, surveillance, and treatment of NPC, liquid biopsy with plasma Epstein–Barr virus DNA in the screening of high-risk populations for NPC is strongly supported by recent evidence. Surgery of the nasopharynx is reserved for locally recurrent NPC, and in recent years there have been great strides in minimally invasive techniques with survival rates similar to those of open techniques in treating NPC. Induction chemotherapy in a recent pooled analysis was shown to be superior to concurrent chemotherapy alone for locoregionally advanced NPC. Finally, immunotherapy with a PD-1 inhibitor in NPC has been shown to have 1-year overall survival rates comparable to those of other patients with heavily pre-treated metastatic or recurrent NPC. In this commentary, we discuss these recent advances and their potential in the clinical management of patients with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Jacky Lam
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Jason Y K Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
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25
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Bao X, Yang Z, Wang S, Zheng Y, Wang M, Gu B, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. The preclinical study of predicting radiosensitivity in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma xenografts by 18F-ML-10 animal- PET/CT imaging. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20743-52. [PMID: 26942701 PMCID: PMC4991489 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that the radiosensitivity is associated with apoptosis. Hereby, we aimed to investigate the value of 18F-ML-10 PET/CT, which selectively targeted cells undergoing apoptosis, in predicting radiosensitivity of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) xenografts. We used CNE1 (highly differentiated) and CNE2 (poorly differentiated) NPC cell lines to construct tumor models, which had very different radiosensitivities. After irradiation, the volumes of CNE2 tumors decreased significantly while those of CNE1 tumors increased. In 18F-ML-10 imaging, the values of tumor/muscle (T/M) between CNE1 and CNE2 mice were statistically different at both 24 h and 48 h after irradiation. Besides, ΔT/M1-0 and ΔT/M2-0 of CNE2 mice were higher than those of CNE1 mice, demonstrating obvious discrepancy. Furthermore, we observed obvious changes of radioactive distribution in CNE2 group. On the contrary, T/M of 18F-FDG in irradiation group revealed no obvious change in both CNE1 and CNE2 groups. In conclusion, 18F-ML-10 animal PET/CT showed its potential to predict radiosensitivity in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Bao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhongyi Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Siyang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yujia Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mingwei Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bingxin Gu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yongping Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yingjian Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Molecular Imaging Probes, Shanghai 200032, China
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26
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Zhao Y, Shen L, Huang X, He Y, Fu J, Qian Y, Li S, Zhao N, Shen L. Prognostic analysis of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma following intensity modulated radiation therapy. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:4445-4450. [PMID: 29552107 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study retrospectively analyzed the prognostic factors of 135 patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who received intensity modulated radiation therapy between August 2008 and January 2012 at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. Patients were staged from III-IVA according to the 7th American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system. Using Statistical Analysis System 9.3 software, the present study demonstrated that, among these 135 patients, the 5-year overall survival, the 5-year local relapse-free survival, and the 5-year disease metastasis-free survival were 84, 82, and 78%, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified that targeted treatment [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval), 2.642 (1.001, 6.972); P=0.0497] served as an independent negative prognostic factor in locally advanced NPC. The results of immunostaining revealed that the staining intensity of the radiation-resistant group was increased compared with that of the radiation-sensitive group. These results demonstrate that a high expression of EGFR may be associated with radiation resistance, and targeted treatment may not be effective in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma with low expression of EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xinqiong Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang He
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jun Fu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Qian
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Hospital Management Consulting Center, National Institute of Hospital Administration, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Liangfang Shen
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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27
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Delayed clinical complete response to intensity-modulated radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2017; 75:120-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Gao W, Li ZH, Chen S, Chan JYW, Yin M, Zhang MJ, Wong TS. Epstein-Barr virus encoded microRNA BART7 regulates radiation sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:20297-20308. [PMID: 28423621 PMCID: PMC5386763 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is very sensitive to radiotherapy. To date, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that expression of EBV-encoded microRNA BART7 (ebv-miR-BART7) increases responsiveness of NPC to radiation treatment by targeting GFPT1/TGFβ1 signaling. GFPT1 is the the key rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine signaling pathway and governs TGFβ1 production. TGFβ1, a pleotropic cytokine with the potency to trigger self-renewal and damage-repair machinery in somatic cells. TGFβ1 can protect zebrafish embryo from the lethal effects of radiation treatment. In silico analysis showed that ebv-miR-BART7 could target GFPT1 transcript. Correlation analysis on primary NPC tissues suggested that ebv-miR-BART7 and GFPT1 have negative expression correlation. Expression of GFPT1 and TGFβ1 were inducible by radiation in NPC cell with ebv-miR-BART7 expression. Further, suppressing endogenous GFPT1 expression inhibited TGFβ1 which subsequently increased the responsiveness of NPC to radiation treatment. Taken together, our results demonstrated that ebv-miR-BART7 controls TGFβ1 production by targeting GFPT1. Detection of ebv-miR-BART7 may provide useful indicator for monitoring NPC progression and predict therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zeng-Hong Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jimmy Yu-Wai Chan
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Min Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min-Juan Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Thian-Sze Wong
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Guangdong Province, China
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Lin K, Zheng W, Lim CM, Huang Z. Real-time In vivo Diagnosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Using Rapid Fiber-Optic Raman Spectroscopy. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:3517-3526. [PMID: 28912892 PMCID: PMC5596440 DOI: 10.7150/thno.16359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the utility of a simultaneous fingerprint (FP) (i.e., 800-1800 cm-1) and high-wavenumber (HW) (i.e., 2800-3600 cm-1) fiber-optic Raman spectroscopy developed for real-time in vivo diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) at endoscopy. A total of 3731 high-quality in vivo FP/HW Raman spectra (normal=1765; cancer=1966) were acquired in real-time from 204 tissue sites (normal=95; cancer=109) of 95 subjects (normal=57; cancer=38) undergoing endoscopic examination. FP/HW Raman spectra differ significantly between normal and cancerous nasopharyngeal tissues that could be attributed to changes of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and the bound water content in NPC. Principal components analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) together with leave-one subject-out, cross-validation (LOO-CV) were implemented to develop robust Raman diagnostic models. The simultaneous FP/HW Raman spectroscopy technique together with PCA-LDA and LOO-CV modeling provides a diagnostic accuracy of 93.1% (sensitivity of 93.6%; specificity of 92.6%) for nasopharyngeal cancer identification, which is superior to using either FP (accuracy of 89.2%; sensitivity of 89.9%; specificity of 88.4%) or HW (accuracy of 89.7%; sensitivity of 89.0%; specificity of 90.5%) Raman technique alone. Further receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis reconfirms the best performance of the simultaneous FP/HW Raman technique for in vivo diagnosis of NPC. This work demonstrates for the first time that simultaneous FP/HW fiber-optic Raman spectroscopy technique has great promise for enhancing real-time in vivo cancer diagnosis in the nasopharynx during endoscopic examination.
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Salvage endoscopic nasopharyngectomy for local recurrent or residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a 10-year experience. Int J Clin Oncol 2017; 22:834-842. [PMID: 28601934 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-017-1143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to review the outcomes of endoscopic nasopharyngectomy performed on a large series of patients with residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinomas and to identify the prognostic factors. METHODS Ninety-one patients with residual (10) and recurrent (81) nasopharyngeal carcinomas who underwent endoscopic nasopharyngectomy were enrolled in our study. Clinical information including gender, age, medical history, symptoms, radiographic findings, tumor stage, treatment, recurrence time, postoperative pathological examination, complications, and outcomes at last follow-up visit was collected. The survival curves and multivariate survival analysis were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS Our study included 71 men and 20 women with a median age of 51 years. The lesions were staged as follows: rT1, 30; rT2, 13; rT3, 29; and rT4, 19. No serious operative or postoperative complication was observed. The median follow-up period was 23 months (range, 4-109 months). Tumor necrosis was identified in 40 of 91 patients. At the last follow-up, 42 patients were free of disease, 10 were alive with disease, and 39 had died. At 2- and 5-year follow-up, the overall survival rates were 64.8% and 38.3%, respectively; the disease-free survival rates were 57.5% and 30.2%, respectively, for the two periods. Multivariate analysis showed that T classification (P = 0.02) and tumor necrosis (P = 0.024) were independent risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic nasopharyngectomy is a feasible and effective surgical treatment for recurrent and residual nasopharyngeal carcinomas.
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Shen X, Yuan J, Zhang M, Li W, Ni B, Wu Y, Jiang L, Fan W, Tian Z. The increased expression of TCF3 is correlated with poor prognosis in Chinese patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Otolaryngol 2017; 42:824-830. [PMID: 28107608 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Regulatory factors controlling stem cell identity and self-renewal are often active in aggressive cancers and are thought to promote cancer growth and progression. B-cell-specific transcription factor 3 (TCF3/E2A) is a member of the T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) transcription factor family that is central to regulating epidermal and embryonic stem cell identity. It has been reported that TCF3 was connected with the development and progression of a number of human cancers. In this study, we aimed to identify the expression of TCF3 in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and evaluate its clinical significance. DESIGN To investigate the expression of TCF3 in NPC and its relationship to prognosis. SETTING An in vitro study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We analysed the expression of TCF3 in NPC and in non-tumourous nasopharyngeal tissues by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. The expression patterns of TCF3 in 117 archived paraffin-embedded NPC specimens were characterised by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between the TCF3 protein expression and the clinicopathological features of NPC was analysed. RESULTS We observed that TCF3 had a higher expression in NPC than in non-tumourous nasopharyngeal tissues of 117 archived paraffin-embedded NPC specimens, and 80 (68.4%) biopsy tissues revealed high levels of TCF3 expression. Furthermore, statistical analyses demonstrated that the increased expression of TCF3 was closely related to clinical stage, locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis of NPC. NPC patients with high levels of TCF3 expression had a shorter survival time, whereas patients with lower levels of TCF3 expression survived longer. Moreover, multivariate analysis suggested that the upregulation of TCF3 was a critical prognostic factor for NPC. CONCLUSIONS Our observations suggest, for the first time, that TCF3 is significantly associated with the development and progression of NPC, which can be used as an important prognostic marker for patients with NPC and may be an effective target for the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - J Yuan
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - M Zhang
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - W Li
- Department of Oncology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - B Ni
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Wu
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - L Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Southwestern Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - W Fan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Z Tian
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Xu L, Fan S, Zhao J, Zhou P, Chu S, Luo J, Wen Q, Chen L, Wen S, Wang L, Shi L. Increased expression of Cks1 protein is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Diagn Pathol 2017; 12:2. [PMID: 28061788 PMCID: PMC5219755 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-016-0589-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Cks1 protein is an essential factor in regulating cell cycle by mediating the ubiquitination of CDK inhibitor p27kip1. It has been reported that aberrant expression of Cks1 and p27kip1 proteins was found in various tumors and related to initiation and progression of carcinomas. However, the potential roles which Cks1 and p27KIP1 proteins play in NPC remain unclear. This study aims to examine the expression status of Cks1 and p27kip1 and their possible prognostic significance in NPC. Methods Paraffin-embedded specimens with NPC (n = 168) and non-tumor nasopharyngeal tissues (n = 49) were analyzed by IHC. Results Expression of Cks1 increased in NPC tissues compared with non-tumor nasopharyngeal tissues (P < 0.05), whereas p27kip1 protein frequently expressed in non-tumor nasopharyngeal tissues compared with NPC tissues (P < 0.05). There was a significant reverse correlation between Cks1 and p27kip1 protein expression in NPC (r = −0.189, P < 0.05).In addition, Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that there was a significant tendency of shorter overall survival (OS) in NPC patients with Cks1 positive expression compared to negative ones, especially in patients with lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001, respectively). But there was no significance between p27kip1 expression and survival viability of NPC patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis further identified increased expression of Cks1 was the independent poor prognostic factor for NPC (p = 0.13). Conclusion Our research found expression of Cks1 increased and was inverse to the expression of p27KIP1. High expression of Cks1 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and survival status in NPC. In addition, the abnormally high level of Cks1 protein was proved to be an independent poor prognostic factor in NPC. These results may provide novel clue for NPC therapy method. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13000-016-0589-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Xu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Renmin Road 139, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Renmin Road 139, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Renmin Road 139, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Shuzhou Chu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Renmin Road 139, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Jiadi Luo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Renmin Road 139, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Qiuyuan Wen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Renmin Road 139, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Lingjiao Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Renmin Road 139, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Sailan Wen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Renmin Road 139, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Chest Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Renmin Road 139, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China.
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Li T, Sun Q, Zhou Y, He Z, Liu H, Xiang P, Xi J, Zhang X, Jiang H. KISS1 gene suppresses metastasis of nasopharyngeal cancer via activation of the ERK1/2 pathway. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10436g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We first describe the metastasis suppression function and mechanism of KISS1 and its receptor gene in nasopharyngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Bengbu
- R. P. China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Bengbu
- R. P. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Bengbu
- R. P. China
| | - Zelai He
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Bengbu
- R. P. China
| | - Hao Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Bengbu Medical College
- Bengbu
- R. P. China
| | - Ping Xiang
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Bengbu
- R. P. China
| | - Jin Xi
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation
- Bengbu Medical College
- Bengbu
- R. P. China
| | - Xiazi Zhang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation
- Bengbu Medical College
- Bengbu
- R. P. China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Bengbu
- R. P. China
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Huang W, Ren C, Huang G, Liu J, Liu W, Wang L, Zhu B, Feng X, Shi J, Li J, Xia X, Jia W, Chen J, Chen Y, Jiang X. Inhibition of store-operated Ca 2+ entry counteracts the apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells induced by sodium butyrate. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:921-929. [PMID: 28356979 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium butyrate (NaBu), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has demonstrated anti-tumor effects in several cancers, and is a promising candidate chemotherapeutic agent. However, its roles in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), an endemic malignant disease in Southern China and Southeast Asia, has rarely been studied. In the present study, MTT assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry analysis and western blotting were performed to explore the influence of NaBu on NPC cells and its underlying mechanism. NaBu induced morphological changes and inhibited proliferation in 5-8F and 6-10B cells. MTT assay revealed that NaBu was cytotoxic to 5-8F and 6-10B cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis revealed that NaBu induced obvious cell apoptosis in 5-8F and 6-10B cells due to the activation of the mitochondrial apoptosis axis. In addition, flow cytometry analysis and western blotting demonstrated that NaBu could enhance the Ca2+ influx by promoting store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) in 5-8F and 6-10B cells. Inhibition of SOCE by specific inhibitors or downregulated expression of calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 and stromal interaction molecule 1 could counteract the apoptosis of NPC cells induced by NaBu. Thus, the current study revealed that enhanced SOCE and activated mitochondrial apoptosis axis may account for the mechanisms of cytotoxicity of NaBu in NPC cells, and that NaBu serves as a promising chemotherapeutic agent in NPC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Research Center of Carcinogenesis and Targeted Therapy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Caiping Ren
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Guoling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiangling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jia Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Xia
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Wei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China; Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Takácsi-Nagy Z, Martínez-Mongue R, Mazeron JJ, Anker CJ, Harrison LB. American Brachytherapy Society Task Group Report: Combined external beam irradiation and interstitial brachytherapy for base of tongue tumors and other head and neck sites in the era of new technologies. Brachytherapy 2016; 16:44-58. [PMID: 27592129 DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Irradiation plays an important role in the treatment of cancers of the head and neck providing a high locoregional tumor control and preservation of organ functions. External beam irradiation (EBI) results in unnecessary radiation exposure of the surrounding normal tissues increasing the incidence of side effects (xerostomy, osteoradionecrosis, and so forth). Brachytherapy (BT) seems to be the best choice for dose escalation over a short treatment period and for minimizing radiation-related normal tissue damage due to the rapid dose falloff around the source. Low-dose-rate BT is being increasingly replaced by pulsed-dose-rate and high-dose-rate BT because the stepping source technology offers the advantage of optimizing dose distribution by varying dwell times. Pulsed-dose and high-dose rates appear to yield local control and complication rates equivalent to those of low-dose rate. BT may be applied alone; but in case of high risk of nodal metastases, it is used together with EBI. This review presents the results and the indications of combined BT and EBI in carcinoma of the base of tongue and other sites of the head and neck region, as well as the role BT plays among other-normal tissue protecting-modern radiotherapy modalities (intensity-modulated radiotherapy, stereotactic radiotherapy) applied in these localizations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jean-Jacques Mazeron
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Groupe Hospitelier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Cristopher James Anker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Louis B Harrison
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
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Zeng Z, Shen L, Wang Y, Shi F, Chen C, Wu M, Bai Y, Pan C, Xia Y, Wu P, Li W. A nomogram for predicting survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with metachronous metastasis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4026. [PMID: 27399084 PMCID: PMC5058813 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with metachronous metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) differ significantly in survival outcomes. The aim of this study is to build a clinically practical nomogram incorporating known tumor prognostic factors to predict survival for metastatic NPC patients in epidemic areas.A total of 860 patients with metachronous metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively. Variables assessed were age, gender, body mass index, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) T and N stages, World Health Organization (WHO) histology type, serum lactate dehydrogenase (sLDH) level, serum Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) level, treatment modality, specific metastatic location (lung/liver/bone), number of metastatic location(s) (isolated vs multiple), and number of metastatic lesion(s) in metastatic location(s) (single vs multiple). The independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) by Cox-regression model were utilized to build the nomogram.Independent prognostic factors for OS of metastatic NPC patients included age, UICC N stage, KPS, sLDH, number of metastatic locations, number of metastatic lesions, involvement of liver metastasis, and involvement of bone metastasis. Calibration of the final model suggested a c-index of 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65-0.69). Based on the total point (TP) by nomogram, we further subdivided the study cohort into 4 groups. Group 1 (TP < 320, 208 patients) had the lowest risk of dying. Discrimination was visualized by the differences in survival between these 4 groups (group 2/group 1: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.61, 95%CI: 1.24-2.09; group 3/group 1: HR = 2.20, 95%CI: 1.69-2.86; and group 4/group 1: HR = 3.66, 95%CI: 2.82-4.75).The developed nomogram can help guide the prognostication of patients with metachronous metastatic NPC in epidemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixun Zeng
- Zhong Shan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Lujun Shen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Feng Shi
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Chen Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - Ming Wu
- Zhong Shan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Yutong Bai
- Zhong Shan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Changchuan Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Xia
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou
| | - Peihong Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
- Correspondence: Wang Li, Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China (e-mail: )
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Fossati P, Vavassori A, Deantonio L, Ferrara E, Krengli M, Orecchia R. Review of photon and proton radiotherapy for skull base tumours. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2016; 21:336-55. [PMID: 27330419 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An extremely large variety of benign and malignant tumours occur at skull base; these tumour lesions are in the proximity to structures deputed to relevant physiologic functions, limiting extensive surgical approaches to this body district. Most recent progresses of surgery and radiotherapy have allowed to improve local control with acceptable rates of side effects. Various photon radiotherapy techniques are employed, including 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) and brachytherapy that is manly limited to the treatment of primary or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Proton beam radiotherapy is also extensively used thanks to its physical characteristics. Our review, focusing in particular on meningioma, chordoma, and chondrosarcoma, suggests that proton therapy plays a major role in the treatment of malignant tumours whereas photon therapy still plays a relevant role in the treatment of benign tumour lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Fossati
- Radiotherapy Division, IEO, Milan, Italy; Centro Nazionale Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO), Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Letizia Deantonio
- Radiotherapy Division, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, University of "Piemonte Orientale", Novara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Ferrara
- Radiotherapy Division, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Marco Krengli
- Centro Nazionale Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO), Pavia, Italy; Radiotherapy Division, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, University of "Piemonte Orientale", Novara, Italy
| | - Roberto Orecchia
- Radiotherapy Division, IEO, Milan, Italy; Centro Nazionale Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO), Pavia, Italy
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38
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Chee J, Ting Y, Ong YK, Chao SS, Loh KS, Lim CM. Relapse status as a prognostic factor in patients receiving salvage surgery for recurrent or residual nasopharyngeal cancer after definitive treatment. Head Neck 2016; 38:1393-400. [PMID: 27043448 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic value of relapse status (recurrent vs residual disease) in patients receiving surgical salvage for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS Retrospective review was conducted on 52 patients who underwent salvage surgery for locoregional relapse of NPC. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate the prognostic value of relapse status. RESULTS Median follow-up duration was 44.4 months. Mean overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) for patients with NPC with residual and recurrent disease after surgical salvage were 107.4 and 54.4 months, and 83.6 and 34.6 months, respectively (p < .001). This improved survival was demonstrated regardless whether the relapse was at the primary or nodal site. Multivariate analysis revealed that recurrent disease status and nodal disease relapse were independent poor prognostic factors for survival in patients receiving salvage surgery for NPC. CONCLUSION In patients undergoing surgical salvage for NPC relapse, residual disease carries a better prognosis than recurrent disease. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 1393-1400, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Chee
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Yohanes Ting
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Yew Kwang Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Siew Shuen Chao
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Kwok Seng Loh
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Chwee Ming Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore
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39
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Cheng N, Wang GH. miR-133b, a microRNA targeting S1PR1, suppresses nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell proliferation. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:1469-1474. [PMID: 27073467 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of short and non-coding RNA molecules, which function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors in the development of various human cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of miR-133b in NPC tissue samples, as compared with adjacent normal tissues, and to examine its roles and underlying mechanisms. Analysis using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that miR-133b was downregulated in NPC tissue samples, as compared with adjacent tissues. In vitro experiments using NPC cell lines transfected with miR-133b mimics or antisense oligonucleotides further demonstrated that the overexpression of miR-133b mimics impaired, whereas knockdown of its expression promoted, the proliferation of NPC cells. Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) was predicted to be a target of miR-133b. Luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-133b inhibited the protein expression of S1PR1 by targeting its 3'-untranslated region. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated that miR-133B altered the regulation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling pathway and the expression of downstream proteins in NPC cells. Therefore, the results of the present study suggested that a previously unknown miR-133b/S1PR1 molecular network may regulate NPC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Hui Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475000, P.R. China
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40
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Lin T, Zhou F, Zhou H, Pan X, Sun Z, Peng G. MicroRNA-378g enhanced radiosensitivity of NPC cells partially by targeting protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1. Int J Radiat Biol 2015; 91:859-66. [PMID: 26473472 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2015.1096028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the influence of microRNA-378g (miR-378g) on radiosensitivity and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and study how miR-378g regulated Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression level of miR-378g and SHP-1 mRNA in different nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines. MiR-378g mimics were transfected into NPC cells and radiosensitivity was determined by colony formation assay. Cell apoptotic rate was determined by flow cytometry analysis. Cell invasion was examined by transwell assay. SHP-1 transcriptional activity was examined by luciferase assay. SHP-1 expression level was determined by Western blot. Lentivirus containing SHP-1 gene and miR-378g mimics were co-transfected into NPC cells and radiosensitivity and metastasis were detected by colony formation assay and transwell assay again. RESULTS Expression of miR-378g and SHP-1 mRNA was negatively correlated in NPC cell lines. MiR-378g mimics enhanced radiosensitivity, promoted apoptosis and decreased invasion in NPC cells. SHP-1 expression was inhibited by miR-378g mimics. Luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-378g directly targeted SHP-1 by binding to 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of SHP-1 mRNA. Overexpression of SHP-1 partially inversed the effect of miR-378g mimics on radiosensitivity, but had no effect on cell invasion. CONCLUSION MiR-378g enhanced radiosensitivity partially by targeting SHP-1 in NPC cells. Cell invasion was also partially inhibited by miR-378g, but the effect was not mediated by SHP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lin
- a B Ultrasonic Room, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei, China
| | - Fangzheng Zhou
- b Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- b Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Xiaofen Pan
- b Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China.,c Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College , Zhanjiang , Guangdong , China
| | - Ziyi Sun
- b Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
| | - Gang Peng
- b Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan , Hubei , China
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41
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Gong Z, Yang Q, Zeng Z, Zhang W, Li X, Zu X, Deng H, Chen P, Liao Q, Xiang B, Zhou M, Li X, Li Y, Xiong W, Li G. An integrative transcriptomic analysis reveals p53 regulated miRNA, mRNA, and lncRNA networks in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:3683-95. [PMID: 26462838 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4156-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that p53 dysfunction is closely related to the carcinogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recently, an increasing body of evidence has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in p53-associated signaling pathways and, in addition to mRNAs, form a complex regulation network to promote tumor occurrence and progression. The aim of this study was to elucidate the p53-regulated miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs and their regulating networks in NPC. Firstly, we overexpressed p53 in the NPC cell line HNE2 and performed transcriptomic gene expression profiling (GEP) analysis, which included miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs, using microarray technology at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h after transfection. There were 38 miRNAs (33 upregulated and 5 downregulated), 2107 mRNAs (296 upregulated and 1811 downregulated), and 1190 lncRNAs (133 upregulated and 1057 downregulated) that were significantly dysregulated by p53. Some of the dysregulated molecules were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Then, we integrated previously published miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs GEP datasets from NPC biopsies to investigate the expression of these p53 regulated molecules and found that 7 miRNAs, 218 mRNAs, and 101 lncRNAs regulated by p53 were also differentially expressed in NPC tissues. Finally, p53-regulated miRNA, mRNA, and lncRNA networks were constructed using bioinformatics methods. These miRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs may participate in p53 downstream signaling pathways and play important roles in the carcinogenesis of NPC. Thorough investigations of their biological functions and regulating relationships will provide a novel view of the p53 signaling pathway, and the restoration of p53 functioning or its downstream gene regulating network is potentially of great value in treating NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojian Gong
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Nursing, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Clinical Research Institution, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wei Xiong
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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42
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Pan X, Peng G, Liu S, Sun Z, Zou Z, Wu G. MicroRNA-4649-3p inhibits cell proliferation by targeting protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:559-64. [PMID: 26081980 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the influence of microRNA-4649-3p on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell proliferation and how it regulated SHP-1 expression. The online software TargetScan was used to predict the microRNAs targeting SHP-1 and identified that miR-4649-3p was one of the possible miRNAs targeting SHP-1. Subsequently, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression level of miR-4649-3p and SHP-1 mRNA in different NPC cell lines. The miR-4649-3p mimics and inhibitors were transfected into NPC cells and cell proliferation was examined by the MTT assay. The SHP-1 expression level was determined by PCR and western blot analysis. Lentivirus containing the SHP-1 gene and miR-4649-3p mimics was co-transfected into the NPC cells and cell proliferation was detected by the MTT assay. The expression level of miR-4649-3p and SHP-1 mRNA was negatively correlated in the NPC cell lines. miR-4649-3p mimics suppressed NPC cell proliferation whereas miR-4649-3p inhibitors promoted NPC cell proliferation. The SHP-1 expression level was suppressed when transfected with miR-4649-3p mimics in NPC cells. The miR-4649-3p inhibitors increased SHP-1 expression. The luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-4649-3p directly targeted SHP-1 by binding to the 3'-untranslated region of SHP-1 mRNA. Overexpression of SHP-1 inversed the inhibited effect of miR-4649-3p mimics on cell proliferation. In conclusion, miR-4649-3p inhibits cell proliferation by targeting SHP-1 in NPC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Pan
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Gang Peng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Sha Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Ziyi Sun
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Zhenwei Zou
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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43
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Stoker SD, Wildeman MA, Novalic Z, Fles R, van der Noort V, de Bree R, Braunius WW, van den Broek GB, Kreike B, Kross KW, Juwana H, Ramayanti O, Verkuijlen SAWM, de Boer JP, Greijer AE, Middeldorp JM, Tan IB. Can Epstein-Barr virus DNA load in nasopharyngeal brushings or whole blood predict recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a non-endemic region? A prospective nationwide study of the Dutch Head and Neck Oncology Cooperative Group. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 273:1557-67. [PMID: 25929413 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-015-3620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study estimated the value of quantitative measurements of EBV markers in the clinical management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a non-endemic area. The aim was to predict prognosis and detect recurrent and residual disease. In 72 patients, EBV DNA load in blood and nasopharyngeal brushes, and IgA VCA-p18 and EBNA1 in plasma were measured at different time points. At diagnosis and post-treatment, a cut-off value was used for detecting disease [positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive value]. The markers were correlated as a continuous variable with tumor stage, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The Cox hazard ratio model assessed hazard ratios. At diagnosis, the markers were above the COV in 45, 92, 85 and 83 % of the patients, respectively. Post-treatment, DNA load test in blood and brush had the best discriminating power (blood DNA load test: PPV 39 % and NPV 97 %, brush for local disease: PPV 75 % and NPV 99 %). Post-treatment, DNA load in blood was the best predictor for OS and DFS [hazard ratio 3.2 (95 % CI 1.51-3.5) and 2.3 (95 % CI 1.72-5.8)]. Assessing the EBV DNA load in blood has significant prognostic value, although the clinical value is for discussion. The EBV DNA load in the brush might improve early detection of local failures post-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon D Stoker
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten A Wildeman
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zlata Novalic
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Renske Fles
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent van der Noort
- Department of Biometrics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remco de Bree
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Weibel W Braunius
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guido B van den Broek
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Kreike
- Department of Radiotherapy, Institute for Radiation Oncology, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth W Kross
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hedy Juwana
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Octavia Ramayanti
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan Paul de Boer
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid E Greijer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap M Middeldorp
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I Bing Tan
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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44
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The effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival in patients with residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma after undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120019. [PMID: 25799566 PMCID: PMC4370638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Guidelines from the U.S. National Comprehensive Cancer Network have recommended use of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), followed by a 3-cycles combination of platinum and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy as standard treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The benefits of CCRT for treatment of locally advanced NPC have been established. Whether platinum and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy should be routinely added to locally advanced NPC after CCRT is still open to debate. Whether adjuvant chemotherapy provides an additional survival benefit for the subgroup of patients with residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma who have undergone CCRT is also unclear. This retrospective study was initiated to determine the survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in residual NPC patients who have undergone concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Methods The retrospective study included 155 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who had local residual lesions after the platinum-based CCRT without or with AC. Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test were used to estimate overall survival (OS), failure-free survival (FFS), local relapse-free survival (LRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Results Median follow-up was 47 months. Adjuvant cisplatin or nedaplatin plus 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy did not significantly improve 3-year OS, LRFS, FFS, and DMFS for patients with residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma after undergoing CCRT. The 3-year OS rates for the no-AC group and AC group were 71.6% and 73.7%, respectively (P= 0.44). The 3-year FFS rates for no-AC group and AC group were 57.5% and 66.9%, respectively ((P= 0.19). The 3-year LRFS rates for no-AC group and AC group were 84.7% and 87.9%, respectively ((P= 0.51). The 3-year DMFS rates for no-AC group and AC group were 71.4% and 77.4%, respectively ((P= 0.23). Conclusions Since we did not find sufficient data to support significant survival in 3-year OS, LRFS, FFS, and DMFS, whether Adjuvant cisplatin or nedaplatin and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy should be routinely added to residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after undergoing CCRT remain uncertain.
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45
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Gong Z, Zhang S, Zeng Z, Wu H, Yang Q, Xiong F, Shi L, Yang J, Zhang W, Zhou Y, Zeng Y, Li X, Xiang B, Peng S, Zhou M, Li X, Tan M, Li Y, Xiong W, Li G. LOC401317, a p53-regulated long non-coding RNA, inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line HNE2. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110674. [PMID: 25422887 PMCID: PMC4244030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that long non-coding RNAs participate in all steps of cancer initiation and progression by regulating protein-coding genes at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. Long non-coding RNAs are in turn regulated by other genes, forming a complex regulatory network. The regulation networks between the p53 tumor suppressor and these RNAs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma remains unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the regulatory roles of the TP53 gene in regulating long non-coding RNA expression profiles and to study the function of a TP53-regulated long non-coding RNA (LOC401317) in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line HNE2. Long non-coding RNA expression profiling indicated that 133 long non-coding RNAs were upregulated in the human NPC cell line HNE2 cells following TP53 overexpression, while 1057 were downregulated. Among these aberrantly expressed long non-coding RNAs, LOC401317 was the most significantly upregulated one. Further studies indicated that LOC401317 is directly regulated by p53 and that ectopic expression of LOC401317 inhibits HNE2 cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. LOC401317 inhibited cell cycle progression by increasing p21 expression and decreasing cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 expression and promoted apoptosis through the induction of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspase-3 cleavage. Collectively, these results suggest that LOC401317 is directly regulated by p53 and exerts antitumor effects in HNE2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojian Gong
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hanjiang Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Wenling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuping Peng
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Tan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Wei Xiong
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Wan XB, Jiang R, Xie FY, Qi ZY, Li AJ, Ye WJ, Hua YJ, Zhu YL, Zou X, Guo L, Mai HQ, Guo X, Hong MH, Chen MY. Endoscope-guided interstitial intensity-modulated brachytherapy and intracavitary brachytherapy as boost radiation for primary early T stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90048. [PMID: 24595299 PMCID: PMC3940723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) is usually applied as boost radiotherapy for superficial residual of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after primary extern-beam radiptherapy (ERT). Here, we evaluated the outcome of endoscope-guided interstitial intensity-modulated brachytherapy (IMBT) boost radiation for deep-seated residual NPC. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Two hundred and thirteen patients with residual NPC who were salvaged with brachytherapy boost radiation during 2005-2009 were analyzed retrospectively. Among these patients, 171 patients had superficial residual NPC (≤1 cm below the nasopharyngeal epithelium) were treated with ICBT boost radiation, and interstitial IMBT boost radiation was delivered to 42 patients with deep-seated residual NPC (>1 cm below the nasopharyngeal epithelium). We found that IMBT boost subgroup had a higher ratio of T2b (81.0% VS 34.5%, P<0.001) and stage II (90.5% VS 61.4%, P = 0.001) than that of ICBT boost subgroup. The dosage of external-beam radiotherapy in the nasopharyngeal (63.0±3.8 VS 62.6±4.3 Gray (Gy), P = 0.67) and regional lymph nodes (55.8±5.0 VS 57.5±5.7 Gy, P = 0.11) was comparable in both groups. For brachytherapy, IMBT subgroup had a lower boost radiation dosage than ICBT subgroup (11.0±2.9 VS 14.8±3.2 Gy, P<0.01). Though the IMBT group had deeper residual tumors and received lower boost radiation dosages, both subgroups had the similar 5-year actuarial overall survival rate (IMBT VS ICBT group: 96.8% VS 93.6%, P = 0.87), progression-free survival rate (92.4% VS 86.5%, P = 0.41) and distant metastasis-free survival rate (94.9% VS 92.7%, P = 0.64). Moreover, IMBT boost radiation subgroup had a similar local (97.4% VS 94.4%, P = 0.57) and regional (95.0% VS 97.2%, P = 0.34) control to ICBT subgroup. The acute and late toxicities rates were comparable between the both subgroups. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE IMBT boost radiation may be a promising therapeutic selection for deep-seated residual NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Bo Wan
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Rou Jiang
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Yun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Yu Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Ju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Jun Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Jun Hua
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Liang Zhu
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Zou
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Qiang Mai
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Huang Hong
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Yuan Chen
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; Guangzhou, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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