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Lin WL, Chien MM, Patchara S, Wang W, Faradina A, Huang SY, Tung TH, Tsai CS, Skalny AV, Tinkov AA, Chang CC, Chang JS. Essential trace element and phosphatidylcholine remodeling: Implications for body composition and insulin resistance. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 85:127479. [PMID: 38878466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies indicated that bioactive lipids of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and lysophosphatidylcholines (LysoPCs) predict unhealthy metabolic phenotypes, but results remain inconsistent. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated whether essential trace elements affect PC-Lyso PC remodeling pathways and the risk of insulin resistance (IR). METHODS Anthropometric and blood biochemical data (glucose, insulin, and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2)) were obtained from 99 adults. Blood essential/probably essential trace elements and lipid metabolites were respectively measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). RESULT AND CONCLUSION Except for LysoPC (O-18:0/0:0), an inverse V shape was observed between body weight and PC and LysoPC species. A Pearson correlation analysis showed that essential/probably-essential metals (Se, Cu, and Ni: r=-0.4∼-0.7) were negatively correlated with PC metabolites but positively correlated with LysoPC (O-18:0/0:0) (Se, Cu, and Ni: r=0.85-0.64). Quantile-g computation showed that one quantile increase in essential metals was associated with a 2.16-fold increase in serum Lp-PLA2 (β=2.16 (95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.34, 3.98), p=0.023), which are key enzymes involved in PC/Lyso PC metabolism. An interactive analysis showed that compared to those with the lowest levels (reference), individuals with the highest levels of serum PCs (pooled, M2) and the lowest essential/probably essential metals (M1) were associated with a healthier body composition and had a 76 % decreased risk of IR (odds ratio (OR)=0.24 (95 % CI: 0.06, 0.90), p<0.05). In contrast, increased exposure to LysoPC(O-18:0/0:0) (M2) and essential metals (M2) exhibited an 8.22-times highest risk of IR (OR= 8.22 (2.07, 32.57), p<0.05) as well as an altered body composition. In conclusion, overexposure to essential/probably essential trace elements may promote an unhealthy body weight and IR through modulating PC/LysoPC remodeling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ling Lin
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mu-Ming Chien
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sangopas Patchara
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Weu Wang
- Division of Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11301, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Amelia Faradina
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shih-Yi Huang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Reproductive Medicine & Sciences, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Te-Hsuan Tung
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
| | - Chien-Sung Tsai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tri-service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114202, Taiwan, ROC; Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114202, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Collage of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jung-Su Chang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC; Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC; Chinese Taipei Society for the Study of Obesity (CTSSO), Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC; TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC.
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Ma M, Zhai CX, Sun CX. Correlations Between LP-PLA2 Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility and Severity of Acute Pancreatitis in a Chinese Population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2017; 21:206-212. [PMID: 28332853 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2016.0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min Ma
- Department of Emergency, Laiwu City People's Hospital, Laiwu, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Xia Zhai
- Department of Emergency, Laiwu City People's Hospital, Laiwu, P.R. China
| | - Cai-Xia Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
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Tyurin VA, Balasubramanian K, Winnica D, Tyurina YY, Vikulina AS, He RR, Kapralov AA, Macphee CH, Kagan VE. Oxidatively modified phosphatidylserines on the surface of apoptotic cells are essential phagocytic 'eat-me' signals: cleavage and inhibition of phagocytosis by Lp-PLA2. Cell Death Differ 2014; 21:825-35. [PMID: 24464221 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diversified anionic phospholipids, phosphatidylserines (PS), externalized to the surface of apoptotic cells are universal phagocytic signals. However, the role of major PS metabolites, such as peroxidized species of PS (PSox) and lyso-PS, in the clearance of apoptotic cells has not been rigorously evaluated. Here, we demonstrate that H2O2 was equally effective in inducing apoptosis and externalization of PS in naive HL60 cells and in cells enriched with oxidizable polyunsaturated species of PS (supplemented with linoleic acid (LA)). Despite this, the uptake of LA-supplemented cells by RAW264.7 and THP-1 macrophages was more than an order of magnitude more effective than that of naive cells. A similar stimulation of phagocytosis was observed with LA-enriched HL60 cells and Jurkat cells triggered to apoptosis with staurosporine. This was due to the presence of PSox on the surface of apoptotic LA-supplemented cells (but not of naive cells). This enhanced phagocytosis was dependent on activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, as no stimulation of phagocytosis occurred in LA-enriched cells challenged with Fas antibody. Incubation of apoptotic cells with lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), a secreted enzyme with high specificity towards PSox, hydrolyzed peroxidized PS species in LA-supplemented cells resulting in the suppression of phagocytosis to the levels observed for naive cells. This suppression of phagocytosis by Lp-PLA2 was blocked by a selective inhibitor of Lp-PLA2, SB-435495. Screening of possible receptor candidates revealed the ability of several PS receptors and bridging proteins to recognize both PS and PSox, albeit with diverse selectivity. We conclude that PSox is an effective phagocytic 'eat-me' signal that participates in the engulfment of cells undergoing intrinsic apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Tyurin
- 1] Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA [2] Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - K Balasubramanian
- 1] Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA [2] Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D Winnica
- 1] Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA [2] Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Y Y Tyurina
- 1] Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA [2] Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - A S Vikulina
- 1] Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA [2] Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA [3] Department of Biophysics, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - R R He
- 1] Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA [2] Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA [3] Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - A A Kapralov
- 1] Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA [2] Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - V E Kagan
- 1] Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA [2] Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Tyurin VA, Yanamala N, Tyurina YY, Klein-Seetharaman J, Macphee CH, Kagan VE. Specificity of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) toward oxidized phosphatidylserines: liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry characterization of products and computer modeling of interactions. Biochemistry 2012; 51:9736-50. [PMID: 23148485 DOI: 10.1021/bi301024e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ca(2+)-independent lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)) is a member of the phospholipase A(2) superfamily with a distinguishing characteristic of high specificity for oxidatively modified sn-2 fatty acid residues in phospholipids that has been especially well characterized for peroxidized species of phosphatidylcholines (PC). The ability of Lp-PLA(2) to hydrolyze peroxidized species of phosphatidylserine (PS), acting as a recognition signal for clearance of apoptotic cells by professional phagocytes, as well as the products of the reaction has not been investigated. We performed liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry-based structural characterization of oxygenated, hydrolyzed molecular species of PS-containing linoleic acid in either the sn-2 position (C(18:0)/C(18:2)) or in both sn-1 and sn-2 positions (C(18:2)/C(18:2)), formed in the cytochrome c- and H(2)O(2)-driven enzymatic oxidation reaction. Cytochrome c has been chosen as a catalyst of peroxidation reactions because of its likely involvement in PS oxidation in apoptotic cells. We found that Lp-PLA(2) catalyzed the hydrolysis of both nontruncated and truncated (oxidatively fragmented) species of oxidized PS species, albeit with different efficiencies, and performed detailed characterization of the major reaction products: oxygenated derivatives of linoleic acid as well as nonoxygenated and oxygenated species of lyso-PS. Among linoleic acid products, derivatives oxygenated at the C(9) position, including 9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HODE), a potent ligand of G protein-coupled receptor G2A, were the most abundant. Computer modeling of interactions of Lp-PLA(2) with different PS-oxidized species indicated that they are able to bind in the proximity (<5 Å) of Ser273 and His351 of the catalytic triad. For 9-hydroxy and 9-hydroperoxy derivatives of oxidized PS, the sn-2 ester bond was positioned very close (<3 Å) to the Ser273 residue, a nucleophile directly attacking the sn-2 bond, thus favoring the hydrolysis reaction. We suggest that oxidatively modified free fatty acids and lyso-PS species generated by Lp-PLA(2) may represent important signals facilitating and regulating the execution of apoptotic and phagocytosis programs essential for the control of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Tyurin
- Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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Zhang H, Zhang J, Shen D, Zhang L, He F, Dang Y, Li L. Regression of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice by lentivirus-mediated gene silencing of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 427:557-62. [PMID: 23022183 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.09.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)) is implicated in atherosclerosis. We tested the hypothesis that lentivirus-mediated Lp-PLA(2) silencing could inhibit atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Sixty eight apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were fed a high-fat diet and a constrictive collar was placed around the left carotid artery to induce plaque formation. The mice were randomly divided into control, negative control (NC) and RNA interference (RNAi) groups. Lp-PLA(2) RNAi or scrambled NC lentivirus viral suspensions were constructed and transfected into the carotid plaques 8 weeks after surgery; the control group was administered saline. The carotid plaques were assessed 7 weeks later using hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome and oil red O staining; plasma and lesion inflammatory gene expression were examined using ELISAs and real-time PCR. Seven weeks after transfection, the serum concentration and plaque mRNA expression of Lp-PLA(2) was significantly lower in the RNAi group, and lead to reduced local and systemic inflammatory gene expression. Lp-PLA(2) RNAi also ameliorated plaque progression, reduced the plaque lipid content and increased the plaque collagen content. The effects of Lp-PLA(2) RNAi were independent of serum lipoprotein levels, as the triglyceride and total cholesterol levels of the control, NC and RNAi groups were not significantly different. These findings support the hypothesis that lentivirus-mediated Lp-PLA(2) gene silencing has therapeutic potential to inhibit atherosclerosis and increase plaque stability, without altering the plasma lipoprotein profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
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Maki KC, Bays HE, Dicklin MR, Johnson SL, Shabbout M. Effects of prescription omega-3-acid ethyl esters, coadministered with atorvastatin, on circulating levels of lipoprotein particles, apolipoprotein CIII, and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 mass in men and women with mixed dyslipidemia. J Clin Lipidol 2011; 5:483-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dennis EA, Cao J, Hsu YH, Magrioti V, Kokotos G. Phospholipase A2 enzymes: physical structure, biological function, disease implication, chemical inhibition, and therapeutic intervention. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6130-85. [PMID: 21910409 PMCID: PMC3196595 DOI: 10.1021/cr200085w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 804] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward A. Dennis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0601
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0601
| | - Yuan-Hao Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0601
| | - Victoria Magrioti
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - George Kokotos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens 15771, Greece
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Dullaart RPF, Constantinides A, Perton FG, van Leeuwen JJJ, van Pelt JL, de Vries R, van Tol A. Plasma cholesteryl ester transfer, but not cholesterol esterification, is related to lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2: possible contribution to an atherogenic lipoprotein profile. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011; 96:1077-84. [PMID: 21252249 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-2139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Plasma lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)) predicts incident cardiovascular disease and is associated preferentially with negatively charged apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. The plasma cholesteryl ester transfer (CET) process, which contributes to low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and small, dense low-density lipoproteins, is affected by the composition and concentration of apolipoprotein B-containing cholesteryl ester acceptor lipoproteins. OBJECTIVE We tested relationships of CET with Lp-PLA(2) in subjects with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS). DESIGN AND SETTING In 68 subjects with MetS and 74 subjects without MetS, plasma Lp-PLA(2) mass, cholesterol esterification (EST), lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity level, CET, CET protein (CETP) mass, and lipoproteins were measured. RESULTS EST, LCAT activity, CET (P < 0.001 for all), and CETP (P = 0.030) were increased, and Lp-PLA(2) was decreased (P = 0.043) in MetS. CET was correlated positively with Lp-PLA(2) in subjects with and without MetS (P < 0.05 for both). EST and LCAT activity were unrelated to Lp-PLA(2), despite a positive correlation between EST and CET (P < 0.001). After controlling for age, sex, and diabetes status, CET was determined by Lp-PLA(2) in the whole group (β = 0.245; P < 0.001), and in subjects with (β = 0.304; P = 0.001) and without MetS (β = 0.244; P = 0.006) separately, independently of triglycerides and CETP. CONCLUSIONS Plasma CET is related to Lp-PLA(2) in subjects with and without MetS. The process of CET, but not EST, may be influenced by Lp-PLA(2). These findings provide a rationale to evaluate whether maneuvers that inhibit Lp-PLA(2) will reduce CET, and vice versa to document effects of CETP inhibition on Lp-PLA(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin P F Dullaart
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
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