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Li Y, Li YJ, Fang X, Chen DQ, Yu WQ, Zhu ZQ. Peripheral inflammation as a potential mechanism and preventive strategy for perioperative neurocognitive disorder under general anesthesia and surgery. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1365448. [PMID: 39022312 PMCID: PMC11252726 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1365448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
General anesthesia, as a commonly used medical intervention, has been widely applied during surgical procedures to ensure rapid loss of consciousness and pain relief for patients. However, recent research suggests that general anesthesia may be associated with the occurrence of perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND). PND is characterized by a decline in cognitive function after surgery, including impairments in attention, memory, learning, and executive functions. With the increasing trend of population aging, the burden of PND on patients and society's health and economy is becoming more evident. Currently, the clinical consensus tends to believe that peripheral inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of PND, providing strong support for further investigating the mechanisms and prevention of PND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mianyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Ying-Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Mianyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Xu Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical School of North Sichuan Medical College, Zunyi, China
| | - Dong-Qin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Wan-Qiu Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhao-Qiong Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Early Clinical Research Ward of Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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2
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Tang X, Guo J, Qi F, Rezaei MJ. Role of non-coding RNAs and exosomal non-coding RNAs in vasculitis: A narrative review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129658. [PMID: 38266857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
A category of very uncommon systemic inflammatory blood vessel illnesses known as vasculitides. The pathogenesis and etiology of vasculitis are still poorly known. Despite all of the progress made in understanding the genetics and causes behind vasculitis, there is still more to learn. Epigenetic dysregulation is a significant contributor to immune-mediated illnesses, and epigenetic aberrancies in vasculitis are becoming more widely acknowledged. Less than 2 % of the genome contains protein-encoding DNA. Studies have shown that a variety of RNAs originating from the non-coding genome exist. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have attracted the most attention in recent years as they are becoming more and more important regulators of different biological processes, such as diseases of the veins. Extracellular vehicles (EVs) such as exosomes, are membrane-bound vesicular structures that break free either during programmed cell death, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis or during cell activation. Exosomes may be involved in harmful ways in inflammation, procoagulation, autoimmune reactions, endothelial dysfunction/damage, intimal hyperplasia and angiogenesis, all of which may be significant in vasculitis. Herein, we summarized various non-coding RNAs that are involved in vasculitides pathogenesis. Moreover, we highlighted the role of exosomes in vasculitides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuming Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The affiliated hospital to Changchun University of Chinise Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Jiajuan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The affiliated hospital to Changchun University of Chinise Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Cardiology, The affiliated hospital to Changchun University of Chinise Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Mohammad J Rezaei
- Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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3
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Kuntic I, Kuntic M, Oelze M, Stamm P, Karpi A, Kleinert H, Hahad O, Münzel T, Daiber A. The role of acrolein for E-cigarette vapour condensate mediated activation of NADPH oxidase in cultured endothelial cells and macrophages. Pflugers Arch 2023:10.1007/s00424-023-02825-9. [PMID: 37285062 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02825-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) have recently become a popular alternative to traditional tobacco cigarettes. Despite being marketed as a healthier alternative, increasing evidence shows that E-cigarette vapour could cause adverse health effects. It has been postulated that degradation products of E-cigarette liquid, mainly reactive aldehydes, are responsible for those effects. Previously, we have demonstrated that E-cigarette vapour exposure causes oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, endothelial dysfunction and hypertension by activating NADPH oxidase in a mouse model. To better understand oxidative stress mechanisms, we have exposed cultured endothelial cells and macrophages to condensed E-cigarette vapour (E-cigarette condensate) and acrolein. In both endothelial cells (EA.hy 926) and macrophages (RAW 264.7), we have observed that E-cigarette condensate incubation causes cell death. Since recent studies have shown that among toxic aldehydes found in E-cigarette vapour, acrolein plays a prominent role, we have incubated the same cell lines with increasing concentrations of acrolein. Upon incubation with acrolein, a translocation of Rac1 to the plasma membrane has been observed, accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress. Whereas reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation by acrolein in cultured endothelial cells was mainly intracellular, the release of ROS in cultured macrophages was both intra- and extracellular. Our data also demonstrate that acrolein activates the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant pathway and, in general, could mediate E-cigarette vapour-induced oxidative stress and cell death. More mechanistic insight is needed to clarify the toxicity associated with E-cigarette consumption and the possible adverse effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Kuntic
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Oelze
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Paul Stamm
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Angelica Karpi
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kleinert
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department for Cardiology 1, University Medical Center Mainz, Molecular Cardiology, Geb. 605, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
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Wang F, Liu J, An Q, Wang Y, Yang Y, Huo T, Yang S, Ju R, Quan Q. Aloe Extracts Inhibit Skin Inflammatory Responses by Regulating NF-κB, ERK, and JNK Signaling Pathways in an LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages Model. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:267-278. [PMID: 36742263 PMCID: PMC9891070 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s391741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Inflammation generally refers to the body's defensive response to stimuli, and skin inflammation is still one of the major problems that affect human physical and mental health. While current pharmacological treatments are reported to have cytotoxicity and various side effects, herbal medicines with few side effects and low cytotoxicity are considered as alternative therapeutic approaches. Methods In order to investigate anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of ALOE, the potential cytotoxicity of A. vera extracts (ALOE) was determined in vitro at first. The production of the pro-inflammatory proteins (ie, IL-6, TNF-α) in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and ultraviolet A (UVA)-stimulated HaCaT and RAW264.7 cells were then treated with ALOE to test its inhibitory effects using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To further explore the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of ALOE, quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) was used to analyze the mRNA expression of inflammatory genes iNOS, COX-2 and NO production. For NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways analysis, Western blotting and nuclear fluorescence staining were used to evaluate the expression of key factors. Results ALOE did not exhibit obvious cytotoxicity (0-3 mg/mL) in vitro. ALOE was able to inhibit the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and functioned more prominently in LPS-induced model. ALOE could also suppress the mRNA expression of LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 and further down-regulate NO level. Furthermore, ALOE reduced the protein expression of P65 in NF-κB signaling pathway and suppressed LPS-induced activation of ERK and JNK, instead of p38 MAPK pathway. Conclusion Taken together, these results demonstrated that ALOE is a potential treatment in suppressing LPS-stimulated inflammation reactions targeting NF-κB, JNK and ERK signaling pathways. The anti-inflammatory effects of ALOE indicated that it has the potential to become an effective cosmetic ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jitao Liu
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan An
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Huo
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Simin Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Enze Biomass Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruijun Ju
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Enze Biomass Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianghua Quan
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Health Products Co., Ltd., Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- East Asia Skin Health Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, REAL DermaSci & Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research and Development Department, Yunnan Baiyao Group Shanghai Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Tiemeijer BM, Heester S, Sturtewagen AYW, Smits AIPM, Tel J. Single-cell analysis reveals TLR-induced macrophage heterogeneity and quorum sensing dictate population wide anti-inflammatory feedback in response to LPS. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1135223. [PMID: 36911668 PMCID: PMC9998924 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1135223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of macrophages in controlling tissue inflammation is indispensable to ensure a context-appropriate response to pathogens whilst preventing excessive tissue damage. Their initial response is largely characterized by high production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) which primes and attracts other immune cells, thereafter, followed by production of interleukin 10 (IL-10) which inhibits cell activation and steers towards resolving of inflammation. This delicate balance is understood at a population level but how it is initiated at a single-cell level remains elusive. Here, we utilize our previously developed droplet approach to probe single-cell macrophage activation in response to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) stimulation, and how single-cell heterogeneity and cellular communication affect macrophage-mediated inflammatory homeostasis. We show that only a fraction of macrophages can produce IL-10 in addition to TNFα upon LPS-induced activation, and that these cells are not phenotypically different from IL-10 non-producers nor exhibit a distinct transcriptional pathway. Finally, we demonstrate that the dynamics of TNFα and IL-10 are heavily controlled by macrophage density as evidenced by 3D hydrogel cultures suggesting a potential role for quorum sensing. These exploratory results emphasize the relevance of understanding the complex communication between macrophages and other immune cells and how these amount to population-wide responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart M Tiemeijer
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Heester
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Ashley Y W Sturtewagen
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Anthal I P M Smits
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Soft Tissue Engineering and Mechanobiology, Department Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Jurjen Tel
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
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Li Y, Yin S, Chen X, Shi F, Wang J, Yang H. The inhibitory effect of paeoniflorin on reactive oxygen species alleviates the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways in macrophages. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2022; 168. [PMID: 35920812 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF) has been proven to possess a protective effect in some inflammatory diseases, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Macrophages play central roles in inflammatory responses and LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage is an ideal model for studying the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of drugs. Thus, it was used to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of PF in this study. The results showed that PF markedly attenuated the activation of NF-κB, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38) signalling pathways induced by LPS exposure. In addition, PF pretreatment dose-dependently suppressed the production of cytokines and the expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Concomitantly, PF pretreatment dramatically inhibited the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) without affecting the phagocytosis of macrophages. Furthermore, it has proved the scavenging effect of PF on ROS was involved in the anti-inflammatory process. This study provides a novel aspect to the understanding of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, PR China
| | - Shaojie Yin
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, PR China.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xiaolan Chen
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, PR China
| | - Feifei Shi
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, PR China
| | - Haifeng Yang
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, PR China
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7
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MED1 Deficiency in Macrophages Accelerates Intimal Hyperplasia via ROS Generation and Inflammation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3010577. [PMID: 34853629 PMCID: PMC8629658 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3010577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mediator complex subunit 1 (MED1) is a component of the mediator complex and functions as a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Previously, we showed that MED1 in macrophages has a protective effect on atherosclerosis; however, the effect of MED1 on intimal hyperplasia and mechanisms regulating proinflammatory cytokine production after macrophage MED1 deletion are still unknown. In this study, we report that MED1 macrophage-specific knockout (MED1 ΔMac) mice showed aggravated neointimal hyperplasia, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and macrophage accumulation in injured arteries. Moreover, MED1 ΔMac mice showed increased proinflammatory cytokine production after an injury to the artery. After lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, MED1 ΔMac macrophages showed increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced expression of peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC1α) and antioxidant enzymes, including catalase and glutathione reductase. The overexpression of PGC1α attenuated the effects of MED1 deficiency in macrophages. In vitro, conditioned media from MED1 ΔMac macrophages induced more proliferation and migration of VSMCs. To explore the potential mechanisms by which MED1 affects inflammation, macrophages were treated with BAY11-7082 before LPS treatment, and the results showed that MED1 ΔMac macrophages exhibited increased expression of phosphorylated-p65 and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (p-STAT1) compared with the control macrophages, suggesting the enhanced activation of NF-κB and STAT1. In summary, these data showed that MED1 deficiency enhanced inflammation and the proliferation and migration of VSMCs in injured vascular tissue, which may result from the activation of NF-κB and STAT1 due to the accumulation of ROS.
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8
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Zhang Z, Liu N, Chen X, Zhang F, Kong T, Tang X, Yang Q, Chen W, Xiong X, Chen X. UCHL1 regulates inflammation via MAPK and NF-κB pathways in LPS-activated macrophages. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:2107-2117. [PMID: 34288216 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a common pathophysiological process as well as a clinical threat that occurs in various diseases worldwide. It is well-documented that nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways are involved in inflammatory reactions to microbial infections in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages. The deubiquitinase ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL1) has been reported as an oncoprotein to promote the growth and progression of cancer cells. However, the regulatory mechanism of UCHL1 in inflammation is currently unclear. Here, we aimed to assess the effects of UCHL1 on LPS-associated inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis. This study identified that inhibition or knockdown of UCHL1 decreased the amounts of the key pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in macrophages. Additionally, inhibition of UCHL1 suppressed LPS-induced extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 phosphorylation and NF-κB translocation by regulating the inhibitor of NF-κB. Mechanically, UCHL1 interacts with IκBα protein in THP-1. Meanwhile, inhibition of UCHL1 blocked the LPS-induced degradation of IκBα through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Moreover, in vivo assay showed that suppression of UCHL1 notably reduced the LPS-induced animal death and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Overall, the current findings uncover that UCHL1 functions as a crucial regulator for inflammatory response via reversing the degradation of IκBα, representing a potential target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fangcheng Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianyu Kong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qilin Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiyan Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuming Xiong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Zhang CY, Lin SQ, Liu FY, Ma JH, Jia FJ, Han Z, Xie WD, Li X. The anti-inflammatory effect of ent-kaur-15-en-17-al-18-oic acid on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells associated with NF-κB and P38/MAPK pathways. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2021; 23:570-583. [PMID: 32603193 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2020.1786371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ent-kaur-15-en-17-al-18-oic acid (LL-3) was demonstrated that it can inhibit LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production and macrophage migration, maintain homeostasis of oxidative stress, including increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and maintenance of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activities and inhibit oxidative stress-induced P38 and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathways to decrease inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygense-2 (COX-2), and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA expressions without marked cytotoxicity. These findings revealed that LL-3 could serve as a candidate lead compound for further studying anti-inflammatory therapies.[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yun Zhang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Shi-Qi Lin
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Jia-Hui Ma
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Fu-Juan Jia
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Zhuo Han
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Wei-Dong Xie
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Xia Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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10
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Jiang L, Akram W, Luo B, Hu S, Faruque MO, Ahmad S, Yasin NA, Khan WU, Ahmad A, Shikov AN, Chen J, Hu X. Metabolomic and Pharmacologic Insights of Aerial and Underground Parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC. for Maximum Utilization of Medicinal Resources. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:658670. [PMID: 34140890 PMCID: PMC8204184 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.658670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The roots of Glycyrrhiza spp. have been utilized in Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for thousands of years. Non-traditional (aerial) parts constitute a large portion of the biomass of Glycyrrhiza plants and are mostly discarded after harvesting the roots and rhizomes. Through comparative phytochemical and anti-inflammatory activity analyses, this study explored the potential benefits of the aerial parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC. as medicinal materials. First, a combined approach based on GC/MS and UHPLC-ESI-QTof MS analysis was adopted for the identification and quantitative examination of medicinally important compounds from G. uralensis. Additionally, a bioassay-guided fractioning of ethanolic extracts of G. uralensis leaf material was performed and its anti-inflammatory activity was tested. The aerial portion of G. uralensis was rich in medicinally important compounds. Two compounds (henicosane-1 and decahydroisoquinoline-2) were found to exert a significant anti-inflammatory effect, inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory mediators (NO and PGE2) and cytokines (IL-1β, IL6, and TNF-α), without exerting cytotoxic effects. Moreover, both compounds down-regulated iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression. These results suggest that non-traditional parts of G. uralensis are suitable sources of bioactive metabolites that can be explored for medicinal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Waheed Akram
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Wuhan, China
| | - Biaobiao Luo
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mohammad Omar Faruque
- Ethnobotany and Pharmacognosy Lab, Department of Botany, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | - Aqeel Ahmad
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Wuhan, China
| | - Alexander N. Shikov
- Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuebo Hu
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Molecular Engineering, Department of Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Wuhan, China
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11
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Ahmad B, Gamallat Y, Khan MF, Din SR, Israr M, Ahmad M, Tahir N, Azam N, Rahman KU, Xin W, Zexu W, Linjie P, Su P, Liang W. Natural Polyphyllins (I, II, D, VI, VII) Reverses Cancer Through Apoptosis, Autophagy, Mitophagy, Inflammation, and Necroptosis. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:1821-1841. [PMID: 33732000 PMCID: PMC7956893 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s287354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Conventional therapies, including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, have limited success because of secondary resistance. Therefore, safe, non-resistant, less toxic, and convenient drugs are urgently required. Natural products (NPs), primarily sourced from medicinal plants, are ideal for cancer treatment because of their low toxicity and high success. NPs cure cancer by regulating different pathways, such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, ER stress, JNK, Wnt, STAT3, MAPKs, NF-kB, MEK-ERK, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, mitophagy, and necroptosis. Among the NPs, steroid saponins, including polyphyllins (I, II, D, VI, and VII), have potent pharmacological, analgesic, and anticancer activities for the induction of cytotoxicity. Recent research has demonstrated that polyphyllins (PPs) possess potent effects against different cancers through apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, and necroptosis. This review summarizes the available studies on PPs against cancer to provide a basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Ahmad
- Department of Biology, University of Haripur, KPK, I. R. Pakistan.,College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaser Gamallat
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Syed Riaz Din
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Israr
- Department of Biology, University of Haripur, KPK, I. R. Pakistan.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Malakand University, Chakdara, KPK, I. R. Pakistan
| | - Naeem Tahir
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Nasir Azam
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Khalil Ur Rahman
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Xin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Zexu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Linjie
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyu Su
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Liang
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, 116011, People's Republic of China
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12
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Ahmad B, Rehman SU, Azizullah A, Khan MF, Din SRU, Ahmad M, Ali A, Tahir N, Azam N, Gamallat Y, Rahman KU, Ali M, Safi M, Khan I, Qamer S, Oh DH. Molecular mechanisms of anticancer activities of polyphyllin VII. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 97:914-929. [PMID: 33342040 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality in the world. The major therapies for cancer treatment are chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy. All these therapies expensive, toxic and show resistance. The plant-derived compounds are considered safe, cost-effective and target cancer through different pathways. In these pathways include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dependent and independent, STAT3, NF-kB, MAPKs, cell cycle, and autophagy pathways. One of the new plants derived compounds is Polyphyllin VII (PPVII), which target cancer through different molecular mechanisms. In literature, there is a review gap of studies on PPVII; therefore in the current review, we summarized the available studies on PPVII to provide a base for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Ahmad
- Department of Biology (Botany, Zoology, Biochemistry), The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan.,College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Department of Biology (Botany, Zoology, Biochemistry), The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Azizullah Azizullah
- Department of Biology (Botany, Zoology, Biochemistry), The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Riaz Ud Din
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Malakand University, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Ashraf Ali
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Tahir
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nasir Azam
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yaser Gamallat
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Khalil Ur Rahman
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Muhsin Ali
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mohammad Safi
- Oncology Department First affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Samina Qamer
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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13
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Zhou H, Simion V, Pierce JB, Haemmig S, Chen AF, Feinberg MW. LncRNA-MAP3K4 regulates vascular inflammation through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and cis-modulation of MAP3K4. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21133. [PMID: 33184917 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001654rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic vascular inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as essential inflammation regulators. We identify a novel lncRNA termed lncRNA-MAP3K4 that is enriched in the vessel wall and regulates vascular inflammation. In the aortic intima, lncRNA-MAP3K4 expression was reduced by 50% during the progression of atherosclerosis (chronic inflammation) and 70% during endotoxemia (acute inflammation). lncRNA-MAP3K4 knockdown reduced the expression of key inflammatory factors (eg, ICAM-1, E-selectin, MCP-1) in endothelial cells or vascular smooth muscle cells and decreased monocytes adhesion to endothelium, as well as reducing TNF-α, IL-1β, COX2 expression in macrophages. Mechanistically, lncRNA-MAP3K4 regulates inflammation through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. lncRNA-MAP3K4 shares a bidirectional promoter with MAP3K4, an upstream regulator of the MAPK signaling pathway, and regulates its transcription in cis. lncRNA-MAP3K4 and MAP3K4 show coordinated expression in response to inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Similar to lncRNA-MAP3K4, MAP3K4 knockdown reduced the expression of inflammatory factors in several different vascular cells. Furthermore, lncRNA-MAP3K4 and MAP3K4 knockdown showed cooperativity in reducing inflammation in endothelial cells. Collectively, these findings unveil the role of a novel lncRNA in vascular inflammation by cis-regulating MAP3K4 via a p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Viorel Simion
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacob B Pierce
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stefan Haemmig
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alex F Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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14
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Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Cardiovascular Toxicity of Specific Uremic Solutes. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092024. [PMID: 32887404 PMCID: PMC7565564 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence strongly suggests a causal link between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Compared with non-CKD patients, patients with CKD suffer disproportionately from CVD and derive suboptimal benefits from interventions targeting conventional CVD risk factors. Uremic toxins (UTs), whose plasma levels rapidly rise as CKD progresses, represent a unique risk factor in CKD, which has protean manifestations on CVD. Among the known UTs, tryptophan metabolites and trimethylamine N-oxide are well-established cardiovascular toxins. Their molecular mechanisms of effect warrant special consideration to draw translational value. This review surveys current knowledge on the effects of specific UTs on different pathways and cell functions that influence the integrity of cardiovascular health, with implication for CVD progression. The effect of UTs on cardiovascular health is an example of a paradigm in which a cascade of molecular and metabolic events induced by pathology in one organ in turn induces dysfunction in another organ. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying such cross-organ pathologies will help uncover therapeutic targets to improve the management of CVD in patients with CKD.
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15
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Regulating the Polarization of Macrophages: A Promising Approach to Vascular Dermatosis. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:8148272. [PMID: 32775470 PMCID: PMC7407038 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8148272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, a kind of innate immune cells, derive from monocytes in circulation and play a crucial role in the innate and adaptive immunity. Under the stimulation of the signals from local microenvironment, macrophages generally tend to differentiate into two main functional phenotypes depending on their high plasticity and heterogeneity, namely, classically activated macrophage (M1) and alternatively activated macrophage (M2). This phenomenon is often called macrophage polarization. In pathological conditions, chronic persistent inflammation could induce an aberrant response of macrophage and cause a shift in their phenotypes. Moreover, this shift would result in the alteration of macrophage polarization in some vascular dermatoses; e.g., an increase in proinflammatory M1 emerges from Behcet's disease (BD), psoriasis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), whereas an enhancement in anti-inflammatory M2 appears in infantile hemangioma (IH). Individual polarized phenotypes and their complicated cytokine networks may crucially mediate in the pathological processes of some vascular diseases (vascular dermatosis in particular) by activation of T cell subsets (such as Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells), deterioration of oxidative stress damage, and induction of angiogenesis, but the specific mechanism remains ambiguous. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the possible role of macrophage polarization in the pathological processes of vascular skin diseases. In addition, it is proposed that regulation of macrophage polarization may become a potential strategy for controlling these disorders.
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16
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Study on Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Major Anti-Inflammatory Components of PSORI-CM02 by Zebrafish Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:5604654. [PMID: 32595728 PMCID: PMC7275242 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5604654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PSORI-CM02 is an optimization formula of PSORI-CM01, which is a clinical herbal formula for the treatment for psoriasis in the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine. Previous research indicates that it plays a critical role in anti-inflammation and immunoregulation. Rhizoma smilacis glabrae (RSG) is one herbal medicine of PSORI-CM02, whose effective anti-inflammatory component is astilbin. This study aims to test the anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation effects of astilbin as well as RSG in PSORI-CM02, and we, respectively, used the CuSO4-induced neutrophil-specific transgenic zebrafish model Tg(mpx: EGFP) and the melanin allele mutated Albino strain zebrafish model to visualize the effects of neutrophil recruitment and macrophage phagocytosis. Our data indicated that both PSORI-CM02 and astilbin had anti-inflammatory effects, leading to a reduction in the recruitment of neutrophils and promotion in macrophage phagocytosis. Nevertheless, the negative liquor of Rhizoma smilacis glabrae (PSORI-CM02 without RSG) also had anti-inflammatory and promoting macrophage phagocytosis effects. The results revealed the formula excluding RSG also had anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation effects, which demonstrated that RSG was not the major anti-inflammatory herbal medicine in PSORI-CM02. Similarly, astilbin was not the major anti-inflammatory active ingredient in the formula. The anti-inflammatory and the promotion of macrophage phagocytosis effect of PSORI-CM02 in vivo zebrafish were the results of multiple component interaction, which was the common characteristic of the Chinese medicine compound.
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17
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Freeman ML, Panigrahi S, Chen B, Juchnowski S, Sieg SF, Lederman MM, Funderburg NT, Zidar DA. CD8+ T-Cell-Derived Tumor Necrosis Factor Can Induce Tissue Factor Expression on Monocytes. J Infect Dis 2020; 220:73-77. [PMID: 30698729 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating CD8+ T cells and monocytes are activated during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and colocalize in the aortas of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected nonhuman primates. We hypothesized that CD8+ T cells could exert a proatherosclerotic effect via paracrine actions on monocytes. We found that T-cell receptor-stimulated CD8+ T cells induce monocytes to express tissue factor, a potent activator of coagulation. Tumor necrosis factor was both necessary and sufficient for this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Freeman
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland
| | - Soumya Panigrahi
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland
| | - Bonnie Chen
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland
| | - Steven Juchnowski
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland
| | - Scott F Sieg
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland
| | - Michael M Lederman
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland
| | - Nicholas T Funderburg
- Division of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David A Zidar
- Center for AIDS Research, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland.,Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland
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18
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MMP-12, Secreted by Pro-Inflammatory Macrophages, Targets Endoglin in Human Macrophages and Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123107. [PMID: 31242676 PMCID: PMC6627183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon inflammation, monocyte-derived macrophages (MΦ) infiltrate blood vessels to regulate several processes involved in vascular pathophysiology. However, little is known about the mediators involved. Macrophage polarization is crucial for a fast and efficient initial response (GM-MΦ) and a good resolution (M-MΦ) of the inflammatory process. The functional activity of polarized MΦ is exerted mainly through their secretome, which can target other cell types, including endothelial cells. Endoglin (CD105) is a cell surface receptor expressed by endothelial cells and MΦ that is markedly upregulated in inflammation and critically involved in angiogenesis. In addition, a soluble form of endoglin with anti-angiogenic activity has been described in inflammation-associated pathologies. The aim of this work was to identify components of the MΦ secretome involved in the shedding of soluble endoglin. We find that the GM-MΦ secretome contains metalloprotease 12 (MMP-12), a GM-MΦ specific marker that may account for the anti-angiogenic activity of the GM-MΦ secretome. Cell surface endoglin is present in both GM-MΦ and M-MΦ, but soluble endoglin is only detected in GM-MΦ culture supernatants. Moreover, MMP-12 is responsible for the shedding of soluble endoglin in vitro and in vivo by targeting membrane-bound endoglin in both MΦ and endothelial cells. These data demonstrate a direct correlation between GM-MΦ polarization, MMP-12, and soluble endoglin expression and function. By targeting endothelial cells, MMP-12 may represent a novel mediator involved in vascular homeostasis.
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19
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Zhang C, Li C, Jia X, Wang K, Tu Y, Wang R, Liu K, Lu T, He C. In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Polyphyllin VII through Downregulating MAPK and NF-κB Pathways. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050875. [PMID: 30832224 PMCID: PMC6429153 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polyphyllin VII (PP7), a steroidal saponin from Paris polyphylla, has been found to exert strong anticancer activity. Little is known about the anti-inflammatory property of PP7. In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity and its underlying mechanisms of PP7 were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and in multiple animal models. Methods: The content of nitric oxide (NO) was determined by spectrophotometry. The levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay. The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes was determined by qPCR. The total and phosphorylated protein levels were examined by Western blotting. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by using mouse and zebrafish models. Results: PP7 reduced the production of NO and PGE2 and the protein and mRNA expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and enzymes (inducible NO synthase [iNOS], cyclooxygenase-2 [COX-2], and Matrix metalloproteinase-9 [MMP-9]) in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells by suppressing the NF-κB and MAPKs pathways. Notably, PP7 markedly inhibited xylene-induced ear edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in mice and suppressed LPS and CuSO4-induced inflammation and toxicity in zebrafish embryos. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that PP7 exerts strong anti-inflammatory activities in multiple in vitro and in vivo models and suggests that PP7 is a potential novel therapeutic agent for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
| | - Chaoying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Xuejing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
| | - Yanbei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
| | - Rongchun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biosensor, Biology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Kechun Liu
- Key Laboratory for Drug Screening Technology of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biosensor, Biology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
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20
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Aizik G, Grad E, Golomb G. Monocyte-mediated drug delivery systems for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:868-882. [PMID: 29058205 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Major advances have been achieved in understanding the mechanisms and risk factors leading to cardiovascular disorders and consequently developing new therapies. A strong inflammatory response occurs with a substantial recruitment of innate immunity cells in atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and restenosis. Monocytes and macrophages are key players in the healing process that ensues following injury. In the inflamed arterial wall, monocytes, and monocyte-derived macrophages have specific functions in the initiation and resolution of inflammation, principally through phagocytosis, and the release of inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species. In this review, we will focus on delivery systems, mainly nanoparticles, for modulating circulating monocytes/monocyte-derived macrophages. We review the different strategies of depletion or modulation of circulating monocytes and monocyte subtypes, using polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes for the therapy of myocardial infarction and restenosis. We will further discuss the strategies of exploiting circulating monocytes for biological targeting of nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Aizik
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Etty Grad
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gershon Golomb
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel.
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21
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Chen Y, Ji N, Pan S, Zhang Z, Wang R, Qiu Y, Jin M, Kong D. Roburic Acid Suppresses NO and IL-6 Production via Targeting NF-κB and MAPK Pathway in RAW264.7 Cells. Inflammation 2018; 40:1959-1966. [PMID: 28761990 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of roburic acid on production of nitric oxide (NO) and interlukin-6 (IL-6) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. We found that roburic acid reduced production of NO and IL-6, and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS). Meanwhile, phosphorylation of inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) and IκB kinase α/β (IKKα/β), as well as translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) to the nucleus, was suppressed by roburic acid treatment. In addition, phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) including p38 and c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) was inhibited. Roburic acid exhibited inhibitory activities on production of NO and IL-6 via blocking IKK/IκB/NF-κB and MAPKs pathway, suggesting the potential application as a drug candidate for therapy of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Pharmacy Department, Tanggu Hospital of Infectious Diseases of Tianjin Binhai New Area, Tianjin, 300454, China
| | - Ning Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Shunli Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Dexin Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China. .,Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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22
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Tu YM, Gong CX, Ding L, Liu XZ, Li T, Hu FF, Wang S, Xiong CP, Liang SD, Xu H. A high concentration of fatty acids induces TNF-α as well as NO release mediated by the P2X4 receptor, and the protective effects of puerarin in RAW264.7 cells. Food Funct 2018; 8:4336-4346. [PMID: 28937704 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00544j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Circulating levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) are often found to be increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS). High plasma FFA levels may give rise to maladaptive macrophage activation and promote inflammatory responses, which has been proposed as a potential mechanism for the development of DM and MS. P2X4 receptor (P2X4R), a ligand-gated cation channel activated by extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), plays a primary role in the regulation of inflammatory responses. Puerarin has been reported to possess potential anti-inflammatory activity. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of puerarin and the underlying molecular mechanisms in a setting of a high concentration of FFAs remain unknown. In this study, we found that a high concentration of FFAs increased the expression of P2X4R, cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and induced the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and the release of TNF-α and nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 macrophages. Such a high concentration FFA-induced inflammation may be reversed by the P2X4R selective antagonist 5-BDBD, which manifests the important role of P2X4R in the TNF-α and NO release caused by the high concentration of FFAs in RAW264.7 cells. Molecular docking data showed that puerarin could interfere with the activation of P2X4R by forming hydrogen bonding towards residue Arg267, an important residue essential for the canonical activation of P2X4R. Treatment with puerarin dose-dependently reduced high concentration FFA-elevated P2X4R expression and inhibited P2X4R-mediated inflammatory signalling, including high concentration FFA-evoked [Ca2+]i, ERK phosphorylation, expression of TNF-α and iNOS mRNA and release of TNF-α and NO. Our findings emphasize the critical role of P2X4R in high concentration FFA-induced TNF-α and NO release of RAW264.7 macrophages. Puerarin notably counteracts these high concentration FFA-induced adverse effects through its inhibition of P2X4R expression and P2X4R-mediated inflammatory signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ming Tu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Welsh C, Welsh P, Mark PB, Celis-Morales CA, Lewsey J, Gray SR, Lyall DM, Iliodromiti S, Gill JMR, Pell J, Jhund PS, Sattar N. Association of Total and Differential Leukocyte Counts With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in the UK Biobank. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:1415-1423. [PMID: 29699973 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.310945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Elevated white blood cell count is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to investigate whether specific leukocyte subpopulations, which may more closely indicate a specific inflammatory pathway, are specifically associated with CVD. APPROACH AND RESULTS Participants (478 259) from UK Biobank with data for white blood cell count were included. Death because of CVD (n=1377) and non-CVD causes (n=8987) occurred during median follow-up time of 7.0 years (interquartile range, 6.3-7.6). In Cox models, deciles of leukocyte counts (lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) were examined using the fifth decile as the referent group. Models were stratified by sex and adjusted for a range of classical risk factors. A sensitivity analysis excluded participants with baseline comorbidites and the first 2 years of follow-up. Men (hazard ratio [HR], 1.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-2.08) and women (HR, 2.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.38-3.35) in the highest decile of neutrophil count were at higher risk of CVD mortality and nonfatal CVD (men HR, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.16-1.42 and women HR, 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.38). In the sensitivity analysis, the power to investigate CVD mortality was limited, but for both sexes combined, the linear HRs for a 1×109/L cell count increase in white blood cell count and neutrophils, respectively, was 1.05 (1.03-1.07) and 1.07 (1.04-1.11). CONCLUSIONS Among circulating leukocyte subpopulations, neutrophil count in men was most consistently associated with fatal and nonfatal CVD. Further studies of interventions that lower circulating neutrophils, such as canakinumab, are required to investigate causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Welsh
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.W., C.W., P.B.M., C.A.C.-M., S.R.G., S.I., J.M.R.G., P.S.J., N.S.)
| | - Paul Welsh
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.W., C.W., P.B.M., C.A.C.-M., S.R.G., S.I., J.M.R.G., P.S.J., N.S.)
| | - Patrick B Mark
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.W., C.W., P.B.M., C.A.C.-M., S.R.G., S.I., J.M.R.G., P.S.J., N.S.)
| | - Carlos A Celis-Morales
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.W., C.W., P.B.M., C.A.C.-M., S.R.G., S.I., J.M.R.G., P.S.J., N.S.)
| | - James Lewsey
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing (J.L., D.M.L., J.P.), University of Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Stuart R Gray
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.W., C.W., P.B.M., C.A.C.-M., S.R.G., S.I., J.M.R.G., P.S.J., N.S.)
| | - Donald M Lyall
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing (J.L., D.M.L., J.P.), University of Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Stamatina Iliodromiti
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.W., C.W., P.B.M., C.A.C.-M., S.R.G., S.I., J.M.R.G., P.S.J., N.S.)
| | - Jason M R Gill
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.W., C.W., P.B.M., C.A.C.-M., S.R.G., S.I., J.M.R.G., P.S.J., N.S.)
| | - Jill Pell
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing (J.L., D.M.L., J.P.), University of Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.W., C.W., P.B.M., C.A.C.-M., S.R.G., S.I., J.M.R.G., P.S.J., N.S.)
| | - Naveed Sattar
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (P.W., C.W., P.B.M., C.A.C.-M., S.R.G., S.I., J.M.R.G., P.S.J., N.S.)
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Sessile Innate Immune Cells. DAMAGE-ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERNS IN HUMAN DISEASES 2018. [PMCID: PMC7123606 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-78655-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this chapter, sessile cells of the innate immune system are briefly introduced. Defined as cells equipped with diverse pattern recognition molecules capable of detecting MAMPs and DAMPs, they encompass cells such as epithelial cells, fibroblasts, vascular cells, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and adipocytes. Located at the body surfaces, epithelial cells represent the first line of innate immune defense against invading microbial pathogens. They are significant contributors to innate mucosal immunity and generate various antimicrobial defense mechanisms. Also, epithelial cells critically contribute to tissue repair via the phenomenon of re-epithelialization. Fibroblasts operate as classical sentinel cells of the innate immune system dedicated to responding to MAMPs and DAMPs emitted upon any tissue injury. Typically, fibroblasts synthesize most of the extracellular matrix of connective tissues, thereby playing a crucial role in tissue repair processes. Vascular cells of the innate immune system represent an evolutionarily developed first-line defense against any inciting insult hitting the vessel walls from the luminal side including bacteria, viruses, microbial toxins, and chemical noxa such as nicotine. Upon such insults and following recognition of MAMPs and DAMPs, vascular cells react with an innate immune response to create an acute inflammatory milieu in the vessel wall aimed at curing the vascular injury concerned. Chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts represent other vital cells of the skeletal system acting as cells of the innate immune system in its wider sense. These cells mediate injury-promoted DAMP-induced inflammatory and regenerative processes specific for the skeletal systems. Finally, adipocytes are regarded as highly active cells of the innate immune system. As white, brown, and beige adipocytes, they operate as a dynamic metabolic organ that can secrete certain bioactive molecules which have endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine actions.
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Flavonoids from Carya cathayensis Sarg. leaves inhibit carotid artery lesion formation induced by low blood flow. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:88-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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王 娟, 李 磊, 罗 海, 姜 勇. [Expressions of inflammatory cytokines in mouse peritoneal macrophages induced by MRP8/MRP14 in vitro]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:1164-1170. [PMID: 28951356 PMCID: PMC6765494 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.09.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate MRP8/MRP14-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines in mouse peritoneal macrophages and explore the mechanism. METHODS Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ inducible protein 10 (IP-10), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, IL-5 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) proteins in the culture supernatants of mouse peritoneal macrophages treated with recombinant MRP8/MRP14 were quantified using Luminex xMAP system. TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 levels were detected in the culture supernatants of the peritoneal macrophages after treatment with different domains of MRP14. Western blotting was used to detect the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, JNK and ERK in the cells after MRP8/MRP14 treatment. The effects of p38 MAPK, JNK, ERK inhibitors, TLR4 or RAGE receptor antagonists on MRP8/MRP14-induced expressions of TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 were tested. RESULTS MRP8/MRP14 significantly increased TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 levels in mouse peritoneal macrophages by 98.2, 378.6 and 6.3 folds (P<0.01), respectively, but did not obviously affect IL-2, IL-5 and IFN-α levels. MRP14 protein and its calcium binding motifs such as EF hand-1, EF hand-2, EF hand-1+2, but not CT terminal domain, all induced TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 expressions (P<0.01). Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, JNK and ERK were detected by Western blotting in the cells at 1 h after MRP8/MRP14 stimulation and sustained to 2 h. Compared with MRP8/MRP14, SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor) significantly inhibited TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 expression (P<0.05), and SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) inhibited the expression of TNF-α and IP-10 (P<0.05) but not IL-6, PD98059 and U0126 (ERK and MEK1/2 inhibitor) reduced IL-6 expression (P<0.05). TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 levels were inhibited by TAK242 (P<0.05); IL-6 level in the cells was also partially inhibited by RAGE neutralizing antibody (P<0.05). CONCLUSION MRP8/MRP14 can induce the expression of TNF-α, IP-10 and IL-6 in mouse peritoneal macrophages. MRP14 protein, which contain calcium binding motifs, has the biological activity of inducing cytokine expression. TNF-α and IP-10 expressions are related with TLR4 and its downstream p38 MAPKs and JNK; IL-6 is regulated by both TLR4 and RAGE and their downstream p38 MAPKs and ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- 娟 王
- />南方医科大学病理生理学教研室//广东省蛋白质组学重点实验室,广东 广州 510515Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 磊 李
- />南方医科大学病理生理学教研室//广东省蛋白质组学重点实验室,广东 广州 510515Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 海华 罗
- />南方医科大学病理生理学教研室//广东省蛋白质组学重点实验室,广东 广州 510515Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 勇 姜
- />南方医科大学病理生理学教研室//广东省蛋白质组学重点实验室,广东 广州 510515Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Chen L, Chen Z, Ge M, Tang O, Cheng Y, Zhou H, Shen Y, Qin F. Monocytic cell junction proteins serve important roles in atherosclerosis via the endoglin pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6750-6756. [PMID: 28901429 PMCID: PMC5865831 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of atherosclerosis is recognized to be caused by multiple factors including pathogenesis in monocytes during inflammation. The current study provided evidence that monocytic junctions were significantly altered in patients with atherosclerosis, which suggested an association between cell junctions and atherosclerosis. Claudin‑1, occludin‑1 and ZO‑1 were significantly enhanced in atherosclerosis, indicating that the tight junction pathway was activated during the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In addition, the gene expression of 5 connexin members involved in the gap junction pathway were quantified, indicating that connexin 43 and 46 were significantly up‑regulated in atherosclerosis. Furthermore, inflammatory factors including endoglin and SMAD were observed, suggesting that immune regulative factors were down‑regulated in this pathway. Silicon‑based analysis additionally identified that connexins and tight junctions were altered in association with monocytic inflammation regulations, endoglin pathway. The results imply that reduced expression of the immune regulation pathway in monocytes is correlated with the generation of gap junctions and tight junctions which serve important roles in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Zhongliang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Menghua Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Oushan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Yinhong Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Haoliang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
| | - Fengming Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, P.R. China
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Kwon DH, Cheon JM, Choi EO, Jeong JW, Lee KW, Kim KY, Kim SG, Kim S, Hong SH, Park C, Hwang HJ, Choi YH. The Immunomodulatory Activity of Mori folium, the Leaf of Morus alba L., in RAW 264.7 Macrophages In Vitro. J Cancer Prev 2016; 21:144-151. [PMID: 27722140 PMCID: PMC5051588 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2016.21.3.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunoregulatory elements have emerged as useful immunotherapeutic agents against cancer. In traditional medicine, Mori folium, the leaf of Morus alba L. (Moraceae), has been used for various medicinal purposes; however, the immunomodulatory effects have not been fully identified. We evaluated the immunoenhancing potential of water extract of Mori folium (WEMF) in murine RAW264.7 macrophages. Methods RAW264.7 cells were treated with WEMF for 24 hours and cell viability was detected by an MTT method. Nitric oxide (NO) levels in the culture supernatants were assayed using Griess reagent. The productions of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and immune-related cytokines was measured using ELISA detection kits. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Inducible NO synthase, COX-2, and cytokines were assayed by reverse transcription-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The effect of WEMF on phagocytic activity was measured using a Phagocytosis Assay Kit. Results WEMF significantly stimulated the production of NO and PGE2 as immune response parameters at noncytotoxic concentrations, which was associated with the increased expression of inducible NO synthase and COX-2. The release and expression of cytokines, such as TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, were also significantly increased in response to treatment with WEMF. Moreover, WEMF promoted the macrophagic differentiation of RAW264.7 cells and the resulting phagocytosis activity. Conclusions WEMF has the potential to modulate the immune function by regulating immunological parameters. Further studies are needed to identify the active compounds and to support the use of WEMF as an immune stimulant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ji Min Cheon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Dongeui University, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun-Ok Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Busan, Korea; Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Jeong
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Busan, Korea; Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Bio-Port Korea Inc., MarineBio-industry Development Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Ki Young Kim
- Bio-Port Korea Inc., MarineBio-industry Development Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung Goo Kim
- Bio-Port Korea Inc., MarineBio-industry Development Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Su Hyun Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Cheol Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Dongeui University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Hwang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Dongeui University, Busan, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Anti-Aging Research Center, Busan, Korea; Department of Biochemistry, Dongeui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea
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