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Omidi F, Rahmannia M, Khalili F, Shahidi Bonjar AH, Nasiri MJ. Comparing higher-dose and single standard-dose influenza vaccines in preventing cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis with 68,713 patients. Public Health 2024; 235:71-75. [PMID: 39068775 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This manuscript offers an in-depth comparative examination of the effectiveness of higher-dose (double standard-dose and high-dose) influenza vaccines in contrast to a single standard-dose vaccine when it comes to alleviating major cardiovascular events. STUDY DESIGN Meta-Analysis. METHODS To conduct this study, an exhaustive search was carried out in the medical English literature using databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane CENTRAL until 10 April 2024. The evaluation of associations was achieved through the calculation of pooled relative risks (RRs) accompanied by their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS A meticulous analysis encompassed a comprehensive cohort of 68,713 patients. Among these participants, 34,430 individuals were randomly assigned to receive a higher-dose influenza vaccination, whereas 34,283 received the standard influenza vaccination. Contrary to initial expectations, a higher-dose influenza vaccine did not manifest elevated efficacy compared to the standard-dose vaccine in terms of mitigating major cardiovascular events. The computed pooled RR stood at 1.0, accompanied by a 95% CI ranging from 0.93 to 1.10. CONCLUSION While this systematic review and meta-analysis did not find a statistically significant advantage of higher-dose influenza vaccines over a single standard-dose vaccine in preventing major cardiovascular events, the observed trend towards risk reduction warrants continued investigation. These findings contribute to the ongoing dialogue surrounding vaccination strategies and their implications for cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Omidi
- Department of Cardiology, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Rahmannia
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Khalili
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A H Shahidi Bonjar
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M J Nasiri
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Temtem M, Mendonça MI, Gomes Serrão M, Santos M, Sá D, Sousa F, Soares C, Rodrigues R, Henriques E, Freitas S, Borges S, Rodrigues M, Guerra G, Drumond Freitas A, Sousa AC, Palma Dos Reis R. Predictive improvement of adding coronary calcium score and a genetic risk score to a traditional risk model for cardiovascular event prediction. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:709-715. [PMID: 38175668 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and polygenic risk score have been used as novel markers to predict cardiovascular (CV) events of asymptomatic individuals compared with traditional scores. No previous studies have directly compared the additive capacity of these two markers relative to conventional scores. The aim of the study was to evaluate the change in CV risk prediction ability when CACS, genetic risk score (GRS), or both are added to Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation 2 (SCORE2). METHODS AND RESULTS In a prospective, observational population-based study, 1002 asymptomatic subjects (mean age 53.1 ± 6.8 years, 73.8% male), free of clinical coronary disease and diabetes, were selected from GENEMACOR-study controls. SCORE2, CACS, and GRS were estimated to evaluate CV events' predictive and discriminative ability through Harrell's C-statistics. Net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination index were used to reclassify the population. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard ratio (HR) analysis assessed the variables independently associated with CV events. C-statistic demonstrated that the discriminative value for CV event occurrence was 0.608 for SCORE2, increasing to 0.749 (P = 0.001) when CACS was added, and improved to 0.802 (P = 0.0008) with GRS, showing a better discriminative capacity for CV events. Continuous NRI reclassified >70% of the population. Cox proportional analysis showed that the highest categories of SCORE2, CACS, and GRS remained in the equation with an HR of 2.9 (P = 0.003), 5.0 (P < 0.0001), and 3.2 (P = 0.003), respectively, when compared with the lowest categories. CONCLUSION In our population, CACS added to SCORE2 had better ability than GRS in CV event risk prediction, discrimination, and reclassification. However, adding the three scores can become clinically relevant, especially in intermediate-risk persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Temtem
- Serviço de Cardiologia, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Maria Isabel Mendonça
- Centro de Investigação Dra. Maria Isabel Mendonça, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Marco Gomes Serrão
- Serviço de Cardiologia, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Marina Santos
- Serviço de Cardiologia, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Débora Sá
- Serviço de Cardiologia, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Francisco Sousa
- Serviço de Cardiologia, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Carolina Soares
- Serviço de Cardiologia, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Rodrigues
- Serviço de Cardiologia, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Eva Henriques
- Centro de Investigação Dra. Maria Isabel Mendonça, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Sónia Freitas
- Centro de Investigação Dra. Maria Isabel Mendonça, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Sofia Borges
- Centro de Investigação Dra. Maria Isabel Mendonça, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Mariana Rodrigues
- Centro de Investigação Dra. Maria Isabel Mendonça, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Graça Guerra
- Centro de Investigação Dra. Maria Isabel Mendonça, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - António Drumond Freitas
- Serviço de Cardiologia, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
| | - Ana Célia Sousa
- Centro de Investigação Dra. Maria Isabel Mendonça, SESARAM EPERAM, Hospital Central do Funchal, Avenida Luís de Camões, no 57, Funchal 9004-514, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, Funchal 9020-105, Portugal
| | - Roberto Palma Dos Reis
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NOVA Medical School, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria 130, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal
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Woo K, Lim JE, Lee EY. Influence of blood pressure polygenic risk scores and environmental factors on coronary artery disease in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. J Hum Hypertens 2024; 38:221-227. [PMID: 37985823 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-023-00878-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association of blood pressure polygenic risk scores (BP PRSs) with coronary artery disease (CAD) in a Korean population and the interaction effects between PRSs and environmental factors on CAD. Data were derived from the Cardiovascular Disease Association Study (CAVAS; N = 5100) and the Health Examinee Study (HEXA; N = 58,623) within the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. PRSs for systolic and diastolic BP were calculated with the weighted allele sum of >200 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Multivariable logistic regression models were used. BP PRSs were strongly associated with systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and hypertension in both CAVAS and HEXA (p < 0.0001). PRSSBP was significantly associated with CAD in CAVAS, while PRSSBP and PRSDBP were significantly associated with CAD in HEXA. There was an interaction effect between the BP PRSs and environmental factors on CAD. The odds ratios (ORs) for CAD were 1.036 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.016-1.055) for obesity, 1.028 (95% CI, 1.011-1.045) for abdominal obesity, 1.030 (95% CI, 1.009-1.050) for triglyceride, 1.024 (95% CI, 1.008-1.041) for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and 1.039 for smoking (95% CI, 1.003-1.077) in CAVAS. There was no significant interaction in HEXA, except between PRSDBP and triglyceride (OR, 1.012; 95% CI, 1.001-1.024). BP PRS was associated with an increased risk of hypertension and CAD. The interactions among PRSs and environmental risk factors increased the risk of CAD. Multi-component interventions to lower BP in the population via healthy behaviors are needed to prevent CAD regardless of genetic predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsook Woo
- Institute of Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Nursing, Catholic Kkottongnae University, Cheongju, 28211, Republic of Korea.
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El-Sayed EH, Fathy A, Al-Deen Younes SE, Al-Shahaly MH, Omar HH. Long Non-coding RNA Genes Polymorphisms H19 (rs2251375) and MALAT1 (rs3200401) Association with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Their Correlation with Disease Activity in a Cohort of Egyptian Patients: A Pilot Study. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:2443-2456. [PMID: 37103602 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory, autoimmune disease that could be disabling throughout its course. It affects people in their most reproductive years with relatively high morbidity and mortality. Long non-coding RNAs became one of the epigenetic mechanisms to prove a link to RA pathogenesis and development, including H19 and MALAT1 genes. These two genes' expressions had proved to increase in multiple diseases, attracting attention to their polymorphisms and their possible risk role. Assess the association between H19 SNP (rs2251375) and MALAT1 SNP (rs3200401) and the susceptibility of RA and its disease activity. In this pilot study, 200 hundred subjects (100 RA patients and 100 healthy controls) were investigated for a possible link between the polymorphisms H19 SNP (rs2251375) and MALAT1 SNP (3200401) and RA susceptibility and disease activity. RA-related investigations and clinical assessment were done. Real-time PCR genotyping of both SNPs was done using TaqMan® MGB probes. There was no association between the SNPs and risk of developing RA. However, both SNPs had a significant association with high disease activity. H19 SNP (rs2251375) heterozygous genotype CA had an association with elevated levels of ESR (p = 0.04) and higher DAS28-ESR score (p = 0.03). MALAT1 (rs3200401) C allele had an association with elevated ESR (p = 0.001), DAS28-ESR (p = 0.03), and DAS28-CRP (p = 0.007), while CC genotype had an association with DAS28-CRP (p = 0.015). Linkage disequilibrium and haplotyping of the alleles of both SNPs were analyzed as both genes are present on chromosome 11, but no significant association was found between any of the combinations of the alleles (p > 0.05), denoting that (rs2251375) and (rs3200401) are not in linkage disequilibrium. There is no association between H19 SNP (rs2251375) and MALAT1 SNP (rs3200401) and the susceptibility of RA. However, there is an association between H19 SNP (rs2251375) genotype CA and MALAT1 SNP (rs3200401) genotype CC with RA high disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Hassan El-Sayed
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 4.5 km Ring Road, P.O: 41111, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Amal Fathy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 4.5 km Ring Road, P.O: 41111, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Soha Ezz Al-Deen Younes
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 4.5 km Ring Road, P.O: 41111, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohsen Hassan Al-Shahaly
- Rheumatology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hanan Hassan Omar
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 4.5 km Ring Road, P.O: 41111, Ismailia, Egypt.
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Lin CM, Lin YS. Utilizing a Two-Stage Taguchi Method and Artificial Neural Network for the Precise Forecasting of Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1286. [PMID: 38002410 PMCID: PMC10669281 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The complexity of cardiovascular disease onset emphasizes the vital role of early detection in prevention. This study aims to enhance disease prediction accuracy using personal devices, aligning with point-of-care testing (POCT) objectives. This study introduces a two-stage Taguchi optimization (TSTO) method to boost predictive accuracy in an artificial neural network (ANN) model while minimizing computational costs. In the first stage, optimal hyperparameter levels and trends were identified. The second stage determined the best settings for the ANN model's hyperparameters. In this study, we applied the proposed TSTO method with a personal computer to the Kaggle Cardiovascular Disease dataset. Subsequently, we identified the best setting for the hyperparameters of the ANN model, setting the hidden layer to 4, activation function to tanh, optimizer to SGD, learning rate to 0.25, momentum rate to 0.85, and hidden nodes to 10. This setting led to a state-of-the-art accuracy of 74.14% in predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease. Moreover, the proposed TSTO method significantly reduced the number of experiments by a factor of 40.5 compared to the traditional grid search method. The TSTO method accurately predicts cardiovascular risk and conserves computational resources. It is adaptable for low-power devices, aiding the goal of POCT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Shiang Lin
- Professional Master Program in Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
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Xia X, Liu F, Huang K, Chen S, Li J, Cao J, Yang X, Liu X, Shen C, Yu L, Zhao Y, Zhao L, Li Y, Hu D, Huang J, Lu X, Gu D. Egg consumption and risk of coronary artery disease, potential amplification by high genetic susceptibility: a prospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:773-781. [PMID: 37793743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remarkable heterogeneity has been observed among population-based studies on egg consumption and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Whether genetic susceptibility serves as a potential explanation for this inconsistency remains unknown. OBJECTIVES We performed a prospective cohort study to investigate the association of egg consumption with incident CAD at different genetic susceptibilities. METHODS We included 34,111 participants without CAD at baseline from the project of Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China. Egg consumption was assessed with food frequency questionnaires. Genetic susceptibility was quantified by a predefined polygenic risk score (PRS) with 540 genetic variants. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of incident CAD associated with egg consumption and PRS were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Over a median 11.7 y of follow-up, 1,128 incident cases of CAD were recorded. Both higher egg consumption and increased PRS were related to higher risk of CAD. When stratified by genetic risk, each increment of 3 eggs/wk was associated with a 5% higher risk of CAD for participants at low to intermediate genetic risk (HR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.09), whereas risk increased to HR 1.10 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.16) for those at high genetic risk; a significant synergistic interaction was also indicated at both multiplicative (Pinteraction = 0.007) and additive (relative excess risk: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.24, 1.22) scales. When the joint effect was examined, in comparison with those at low to intermediate genetic risk and consuming <1 egg/wk, the HR (95% CI) was 2.95 (2.41, 3.62) for participants with high genetic risk and consumption of ≥10 eggs/wk, and the corresponding standardized 10-y CAD rates increased from 1.37% to 4.24%. CONCLUSIONS Genetic predisposition may synergistically interact with egg consumption in relation to increased CAD risk. PRS-stratified recommendations on egg consumption may help formulate personalized nutrition policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xia
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keyong Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shufeng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xueli Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Division of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chong Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Cardio-Cerebrovascular Control and Research Center, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Liancheng Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangfeng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangfeng Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Dongfeng Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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Wankhede J, Sambandam P, Kumar M. Effective prediction of heart disease using hybrid ensemble deep learning and tunicate swarm algorithm. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:13334-13345. [PMID: 34661512 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1987328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Heart disease (HD) is the major reason for the rampant cause of death around the world. It is deemed as a crucial illness among the middle and old age people which tends to high mortality rates. Recently, Effects of HD is presenting a shocking rise in India. Prediction of HD is considered as the major concern as people are engaged with their day-to-day life and not bothering about their health issues due to the tight schedule of work. Various symptoms may occur for the people who got affected with HD and the recognition of the disease tends to be difficult. Based on the clinical dataset, Data mining techniques are employed for gathering the hidden information. In the present effort, a Hybrid TSA-EDL (Hybrid Tunicate Swarm Algorithm and Ensemble Deep Learning) is implemented for the exact determination of HD. The main tasks indulged for the HD prediction are Pre-processing, clustering and classification. The relevant, irrelevant and redundant features are grouped by DBSCAN (Density-based clustering with noise). At last, the classification process is performed by the hybrid classifier. The proposed work is implemented using the python platform. Two datasets have been included for the analysis as University of California Irvine (UCI) and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). The different performance metrics used for the analysis are accuracy, recall, specificity, precision, probability of misclassification error, root mean square error, F-score, false positive rate and false negative rate. The obtained performances are differentiated with the outcomes of UCI Cleveland HD dataset and other previous algorithms. As a matter of fact, the performance of the proposed work is increased by attaining the accuracy (98.33%) in CVD and (97.5%) in UCI.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaishri Wankhede
- Department of CSE, Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palaniappan Sambandam
- Department of Artificial intelligence and Data science, KCG College of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Magesh Kumar
- Department of CSE, Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Khaki-Khatibi F, Shademan B, Gholikhani-Darbroud R, Nourazarian A, Radagdam S, Porzour M. Gene polymorphism of leptin and risk for heart disease, obesity, and high BMI: a systematic review and pooled analysis in adult obese subjects. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2022; 44:11-20. [PMID: 36103664 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Leptin polymorphism (LEP) has been associated with coronary heart disease (CAD), obesity, and high body mass index (BMI). However, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to discover the association because previous studies reached different conclusions.
Methods
Review Manager, version 5.3.5, and Stata, version 15.0, were used for statistical analysis. We calculated the effect size of the studies using the OR with the corresponding 95% CI, and two-sided (bilateral) p-values of 0.05 were considered significant. To determine heterogeneity among the selected studies, the Q test and I2 statistics were used. Meta-regression was used to examine the disease (heart disease, obesity, and high BMI) and heterogeneity between these subgroups.
Results
Eleven studies with 18,984 subjects were included in this study. The G-2548A (rs12112075), rs7799039, and A19G (rs2167270) polymorphisms of the leptin gene (but not the Lys656Asn (rs1805094) polymorphism) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Our pooled analysis revealed an association between the G-2548A (rs12112075) polymorphism and heart disease, high BMI, and obesity. This indicates that individuals carrying the AA allele are at an increased risk for heart disease, high BMI, and obesity. People with heart failure and coronary artery disease did not have the rs7799039 polymorphism or its alleles linked to them.
Conclusions
Combined analysis of data from current and published research suggests that the leptin gene polymorphisms G-2548A (rs12112075), rs7799039, and A19G (rs2167270) (but not the Lys656Asn (rs1805094) polymorphism) are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Further research is needed to understand this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khaki-Khatibi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behrouz Shademan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, EGE University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Reza Gholikhani-Darbroud
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Saeed Radagdam
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maghsoud Porzour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
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9
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Coronary artery disease and cancer: a significant resemblance. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:187. [PMID: 36071253 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01789-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer and coronary artery disease (CAD) are two of the most common causes of death, and they frequently coexist, especially as the world's population ages. CAD can develop prior to or following cancer diagnosis, as well as a side effect of cancer treatment. CAD develops as complex interactions of lifestyle and hereditary variables, just like the development of the most complex and non-communicable diseases. Cancer is caused by both external/acquired factors (tobacco, food, physical activity, alcohol consumption, epigenetic alterations) and internal/inherited factors (genetic mutations, hormones, and immunological diseases). The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system has recently emerged as a strong tool for gene therapy for both cancer as well as CAD treatment due to its great accuracy and efficiency. A deeper understanding of the complex link between CAD and cancer should lead to better prevention, faster detection, and safer treatment strategies.
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Geng T, Chang X, Wang L, Liu G, Liu J, Khor CC, Neelakantan N, Yuan JM, Koh WP, Pan A, Dorajoo R, Heng CK. The association of genetic susceptibility to smoking with cardiovascular disease mortality and the benefits of adhering to a DASH diet: The Singapore Chinese Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:386-393. [PMID: 35551603 PMCID: PMC9348979 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the genetic predisposition to cardiovascular disease (CVD) may help to improve clinical intervention strategies. Lifestyle factors, such as diet, may differ among ethnic groups and may, in turn, modify individuals' risks to diseases. OBJECTIVES We examined the genetic predisposition to ever smoking in relation to CVD mortality and assessed whether such an association could be modified by dietary intake. METHODS A total of 23,760 Chinese adults from the Singapore Chinese Heath Study who were free of cancer and CVD at recruitment (1993-1998) were included in the study. A weighted genetic risk score (wGRS) was calculated to define the genetically determined regular smoking behavior (never or ever). Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models were used to assess the association between the wGRS and CVD mortality. We also conducted a 1-sample Mendelian randomization analysis for ever smoking and CVD mortality. RESULTS Over a mean of 22.6 years of follow-up, 2301 CVD deaths were identified. A genetic predisposition to ever smoking was significantly associated with CVD mortality; the multivariable-adjusted HR of CVD mortality was 1.07 (95% CI: 1.03-1.12), with a per-SD increment in the wGRS. However, the Mendelian randomization analysis did not support a causal relationship between ever smoking and CVD mortality (OR, 1.13; 95% CI: 0.87-1.45). Additionally, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score significantly modified the association between the smoking wGRS and CVD mortality; the association between a genetic predisposition to smoking and CVD mortality was only observed among individuals with a low DASH score (P-interaction = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS A genetic predisposition to smoking was associated with CVD mortality in the Chinese population. In addition, we detected a significant interaction showing higher CVD mortality related to genetically determined smoking among those with lower DASH scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Geng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health and School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Xuling Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ling Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health and School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nithya Neelakantan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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11
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Yazdandoust S, Parizadeh SMR, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Yaghmaei P, Sahebkar AH. High-density lipoprotein lipid peroxidation as a diagnostics biomarker in coronary artery disease. Biofactors 2022; 48:634-642. [PMID: 35080064 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating the serum High-density lipoprotein lipid peroxidation (HDLox) levels and their association with coronary artery disease (CAD). This case-control study comprised 572 patients with stable CAD and 281 healthy subjects with no history of cardiovascular disease (control group). Based on the results of coronary angiography, the patient group was divided into two groups: CAD- and CAD+. HDLox was measured using a fluorimetric method. The ability of HDLox and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to detect CAD and coronary artery stenosis ≥50% was also compared using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The CAD patients showed significantly higher serum HDLox levels, compared to the control group [1.15 (1.01-1.31) vs. 0.85 (0.62-1.06), no units, p < 0.001]. Moreover, serum HDLox levels were significantly lower in CAD- patients, compared to the CAD+ patients [1.05 (0.92-1.22) vs. 1.24 (1.12-1.35), no units, p < 0.001]. According to the results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression, the HDLox showed association with the presence of CAD (odds ratio [OR]: 1.754; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.564-1.968; p < 0.001) and coronary artery stenosis ≥50% (OR: 1.729; 95% CI: 1.534-1.949; p < 0.001). The results obtained from the area under the ROC curve revealed that the HDLox could better detect the risk of CAD and coronary artery stenosis ≥50% compared to serum HDL-C level. The oxidation of HDL leads to a reduction in its antioxidant function and it has a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis. HDLox is suggested as a diagnostics biomarker for CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Yazdandoust
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Iranian UNESCO center of excellence for human nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Sahebkar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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12
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Elwazir MY, Hussein MH, Toraih EA, Al Ageeli E, Esmaeel SE, Fawzy MS, Faisal S. Association of Angio-LncRNAs MIAT rs1061540/MALAT1 rs3200401 Molecular Variants with Gensini Score in Coronary Artery Disease Patients Undergoing Angiography. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010137. [PMID: 35053285 PMCID: PMC8773982 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as essential biomolecules with variable diagnostic and/or prognostic utility in several diseases, including coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed for the first time to investigate the potential association of five angiogenesis-related lncRNAs (PUNISHER, SENCR, MIAT, MALAT1, and GATA6-AS) variants with CAD susceptibility and/or severity. TaqMan Real-Time genotyping for PUNISHER rs12318065A/C, SENCR rs12420823C/T, MIAT rs1061540C/T, MALAT1 rs3200401T/C, and GATA6-AS1 rs73390820A/G were run on the extracted genomic DNA from 100 unrelated patients with stable CAD undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography and from 100 controls. After adjusting covariates, the studied variants showed no association with disease susceptibility; however, MIAT*T/T genotype was associated with a more severe Gensini score. In contrast, MALAT1*T/C heterozygosity was associated with a lower score. The lipid profile, and to a lesser extent smoking status, male sex, weight, hypertension, and MALAT1 (T > C) (negative correlation), explained the variance between patients/control groups via a principal component analysis. Incorporating the principal components into a logistic regression model to predict CAD yielded a 0.92 AUC. In conclusion: MIAT rs1061540 and MALAT1 rs3200401 variants were associated with CAD severity and Gensini score in the present sample of the Egyptian population. Further large multi-center and functional analyses are needed to confirm the results and identify the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Y. Elwazir
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Mohammad H. Hussein
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Eman A. Toraih
- Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
- Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.A.T.); (M.S.F.); Tel.: +1-346-907-4237 (E.A.T.); +20-1008584720 (M.S.F.)
| | - Essam Al Ageeli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry (Medical Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Safya E. Esmaeel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Manal S. Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 1321, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (E.A.T.); (M.S.F.); Tel.: +1-346-907-4237 (E.A.T.); +20-1008584720 (M.S.F.)
| | - Salwa Faisal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
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13
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Lazarus NR, Harridge SDR. A Hypothesis: The Interplay of Exercise and Physiological Heterogeneity as Drivers of Human Ageing. Front Physiol 2021; 12:695392. [PMID: 34566675 PMCID: PMC8458865 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.695392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the inherent ageing process affects every facet of biology, physiology could be considered as the study of the healthy human ageing process. Where biological health is affected by lifestyle, the continual and continuing interaction of this process with physical activity and other lifestyle choices determine whether the ageing trajectory is toward health or disease. The presentation of both these states is further modified in individuals by the interaction of inherent physiological heterogeneity and the heterogeneity associated with responses and adaptions to exercise. The range of heterogeneity in healthy physiology is circumscribed by the necessity to conform to that of the human species. Our hypothesis is that, when sufficient exercise is present, these multiple interactions appear to produce an ageing profile that, while functional ability is in decline, remains synchronous, coherent, and integrated throughout most of life. In the absence of sufficient physical activity, physiology over time is gradually deteriorating toward the production of a lifestyle disease. Here, the ageing process, interacting with individual physiological heterogeneity, probably determines the age of presentation of a disease as well as the order of presentation of subsequent diseases. In this article, we discuss this hypothesis and related concepts in the context of the trajectory of healthy and non-healthy human ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman R Lazarus
- Centre for Human & Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D R Harridge
- Centre for Human & Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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14
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Association of TNF-α (-308G/A) Gene Polymorphism with Circulating TNF-α Levels and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Adults with Coronary Artery Disease and Concomitant Obstructive Sleep Apnea. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153413. [PMID: 34362196 PMCID: PMC8348542 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), in which inflammatory activity has a crucial role. The manifestation of OSA varies significantly between individuals in clinical cohorts; not all adults with OSA demonstrate the same set of symptoms; i.e., excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and/or increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers. The further exploration of the molecular basis of these differences is therefore essential for a better understanding of the OSA phenotypes in cardiac patients. In this current secondary analysis of the Randomized Intervention with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in CAD and OSA (RICCADSA) trial (Trial Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; No: NCT 00519597), we aimed to address the association of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-308G/A gene polymorphism with circulating TNF-α levels and EDS among 326 participants. CAD patients with OSA (apnea–hypopnea-index (AHI) ≥ 15 events/h; n = 256) were categorized as having EDS (n = 100) or no-EDS (n = 156) based on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale score with a cut-off of 10. CAD patients with no-OSA (AHI < 5 events/h; n = 70) were included as a control group. The results demonstrated no significant differences regarding the distribution of the TNF-α alleles and genotypes between CAD patients with vs. without OSA. In a multivariate analysis, the oxygen desaturation index and TNF-α genotypes from GG to GA and GA to AA as well as the TNF-α-308A allele carriage were significantly associated with the circulating TNF-α levels. Moreover, the TNF-α-308A allele was associated with a decreased risk for EDS (odds ratio 0.64, 95% confidence interval 0.41–0.99; p = 0.043) independent of age, sex, obesity, OSA severity and the circulating TNF-α levels. We conclude that the TNF-α-308A allele appears to modulate circulatory TNF-α levels and mitigate EDS in adults with CAD and concomitant OSA.
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15
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Elfi EF, Decroli E, Nasrul E, Yanwirasti Y, Darwin E. The Risk Factors of Coronary Heart Disease and its Relationship with Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death and start with injury to the endothelium of a coronary artery. The common feature of endothelial dysfunction is a decrease of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability that regulated by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activity.
AIM: The aim of our study was to study the relationship between risk factors of CHD patients with the level of eNOS.
METHODS: Thirty-seven outpatients in cardiology department of the regional public hospital diagnosed as CHD were included in our study. Thirty healthy individuals were included as the control group. Risk factors of CHD were identified according to anamnesis and laboratory finding. eNOS was measured by ELISA methods.
RESULTS: Endothelial NOS levels were significantly higher in the CHD when compared to the controls (p < 0.05). The most dominant risk factor for CHD is overweight, and followed by dyslipidemia, smoking, hypertension, history of CHD, and diabetes mellitus. eNOS in CHD patients who had one risk factor was 37.598 ± 0.1541 ng/ml, two risk factors 42.154 ± 22.329 ng/ml, three risk factors 25.329 ± 6.083 ng/ml, four risk factors 22.483 ± 4.022 ng/ml, and five risk factors 15.994 ± 4.774 ng/ml. There were significant differences in the average eNOS levels based on the number of risk factors (p < 0.05), and a tendency that more risk factors in CHD patients, the lower the average level of eNOS.
CONCLUSION: In our study, eNOS levels showed highly significant relation with CHD and related to the number of risk factors those the CHD patients had.
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16
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Mendonça MI, Henriques E, Borges S, Sousa AC, Pereira A, Santos M, Temtem M, Freitas S, Monteiro J, Sousa JA, Rodrigues R, Guerra G, dos Reis RP. Genetic information improves the prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events in the GENEMACOR population. Genet Mol Biol 2021; 44:e20200448. [PMID: 34137427 PMCID: PMC8201463 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The inclusion of a genetic risk score (GRS) can modify the risk prediction of coronary artery disease (CAD), providing an advantage over the use of traditional models. The predictive value of the genetic information on the recurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) remains controversial. A total of 33 genetic variants previously associated with CAD were genotyped in 1587 CAD patients from the GENEMACOR study. Of these, 18 variants presented an hazard ratio >1, so they were selected to construct a weighted GRS (wGRS). MACE discrimination and reclassification were evaluated by C-Statistic, Net Reclassification Index and Integrated Discrimination Improvement methodologies. After the addition of wGRS to traditional predictors, the C-index increased from 0.566 to 0.572 (p=0.0003). Subsequently, adding wGRS to traditional plus clinical risk factors, this model slightly improved from 0.620 to 0.622 but with statistical significance (p=0.004). NRI showed that 17.9% of the cohort was better reclassified when the primary model was associated with wGRS. The Kaplan-Meier estimator showed that, at 15-year follow-up, the group with a higher number of risk alleles had a significantly higher MACE occurrence (p=0.011). In CAD patients, wGRS improved MACE risk prediction, discrimination and reclassification over the conventional factors, providing better cost-effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Isabel Mendonça
- Hospital Central do Funchal, Unidade de Investigação, Serviço de
Saúde da Região, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Eva Henriques
- Hospital Central do Funchal, Unidade de Investigação, Serviço de
Saúde da Região, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Sofia Borges
- Hospital Central do Funchal, Unidade de Investigação, Serviço de
Saúde da Região, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Ana Célia Sousa
- Hospital Central do Funchal, Unidade de Investigação, Serviço de
Saúde da Região, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Andreia Pereira
- Hospital Central do Funchal, Unidade de Investigação, Serviço de
Saúde da Região, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Marina Santos
- Hospital Central do Funchal, Unidade de Investigação, Serviço de
Saúde da Região, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Margarida Temtem
- Hospital Central do Funchal, Unidade de Investigação, Serviço de
Saúde da Região, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Sónia Freitas
- Hospital Central do Funchal, Unidade de Investigação, Serviço de
Saúde da Região, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Joel Monteiro
- Hospital Central do Funchal, Unidade de Investigação, Serviço de
Saúde da Região, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Portugal
| | - João Adriano Sousa
- Hospital Central do Funchal, Unidade de Investigação, Serviço de
Saúde da Região, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Rodrigues
- Hospital Central do Funchal, Unidade de Investigação, Serviço de
Saúde da Região, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Graça Guerra
- Hospital Central do Funchal, Unidade de Investigação, Serviço de
Saúde da Região, SESARAM, EPERAM, Funchal, Portugal
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17
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Zivkovic M, Bubic M, Kolakovic A, Dekleva M, Stankovic G, Stankovic A, Djuric T. The association of glutathione S-transferase T1 and M1 deletions with myocardial infarction. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:267-274. [PMID: 34003050 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.1931166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are the family of enzymes involved in the second line of defense against oxidative stress (OS). The lack of GSTT1/GSTM1 enzyme quantity or activity, due to the presence of homozygous deletion compromises antioxidative defense resulting in OS. OS is the critical mechanism in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and myocardial infarction (MI). The increase in reactive oxygen species together with the process of apoptosis plays a role in left ventricular remodeling (LVR) after MI. The associations of GSTT1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphisms with the risk of MI are inconsistent. The aim was to analyze the association of GSTT1/GSTM1 null genotypes with first MI and LVR 8 months after the MI. The study involved 330 controls and 438 consecutive patients with symptoms and signs of first MI. The subgroup of 150 MI patients was prospectively followed up for 6 months. Evidence of maladaptive LVR was obtained by 2D Doppler echocardiography 3-5 days and 6 months after the MI. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the deletion in GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes. GSTM1 null genotype was significantly and independently associated with first MI (adjusted OR = 1.45 95% CI 1.03-2.03, p = 0.03). Association of double null genotypes with maladaptive LVR in patients 6 months after the first MI was no longer significant after adjustment for factors that differed significantly between patients with and without maladaptive LVR. This study demonstrated the association of GSTM1 null genotypes with the risk of MI in the Serbian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Zivkovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, "Vinca" Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Bubic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, "Vinca" Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Kolakovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, "Vinca" Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Dekleva
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinical Center "Zvezdara", Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Goran Stankovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Cardiology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Stankovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, "Vinca" Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Djuric
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, "Vinca" Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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18
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van de Vegte YJ, Siland JE, Rienstra M, van der Harst P. Atrial fibrillation and left atrial size and function: a Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8431. [PMID: 33875748 PMCID: PMC8055882 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87859-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) patients have enlarged left atria (LA), but prior studies suggested enlarged atria as both cause and consequence of AF. The aim of this study is to investigate the causal association between AF and LA size and function. In the UK Biobank, all individuals with contoured cardiovascular magnetic resonance data were selected. LA maximal volume (LA max), LA minimal volume (LA min), LA stroke volume and LA ejection fraction were measured and indexed to body surface area (BSA). Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were performed using 84 of the known genetic variants associated with AF to assess the association with all LA size and function in individuals without prevalent AF. A total of 4274 individuals (mean age 62.0 ± 7.5 years, 53.2% women) were included. Mendelian randomization analyses estimated a causal effect between genetically determined AF and BSA-indexed LA max, LA min, and LA ejection fraction, but not between AF and LA stroke volume. Leave-one-out analyses showed that the causal associations were attenuated after exclusion of rs67249485, located near PITX2 gene. Our results suggest that AF causally increases LA size and decreases LA ejection fraction. The AF risk allele of rs67249485, located near the PITX2 gene, contributes strongly to these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yordi J van de Vegte
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joylene E Siland
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Rienstra
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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19
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DeCoste LR, Wang N, Palmisano JN, Mendez J, Hoffmann U, Benjamin EJ, Long MT. Adherence to Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics Is Associated With Reduced Odds of Hepatic Steatosis. Hepatol Commun 2021; 5:74-82. [PMID: 33437902 PMCID: PMC7789839 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The American Heart Association (AHA) introduced Life's Simple 7 as a metric to define ideal cardiovascular health. We examined the association between cardiovascular health score (CHS) and prevalent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among Framingham Heart Study participants with varying genetic risk of NAFLD. Framingham Heart Study participants who underwent abdominal computed tomography scans were included (n = 2,773). We defined hepatic steatosis as the mean Hounsfield unit attenuation of the liver compared to a phantom control. We calculated CHS based on adherence to metrics from the AHA's Life's Simple 7 guidelines, including blood sugar, total cholesterol, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), time spent on physical activity per week, and smoking status. We used multivariable-adjusted regression models to evaluate the association between CHS and hepatic steatosis, accounting for covariates and stratifying by NAFLD genetic risk. Overall, 12% of the sample achieved 0-1 goals and 25%, 27%, 21%, 13%, and 2.6% achieved 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 goals, respectively. For each 1-unit increase in CHS, there was a decrease in the odds ratio (OR) of prevalent hepatic steatosis (OR, 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.49-0.59). Individually, BMI had the strongest association with NAFLD. Participants with high or intermediate genetic risk of NAFLD demonstrated higher relative decreases in hepatic steatosis with increased CHS compared to those at low genetic risk. Conclusion: Adhering to the AHA Life's Simple 7 metrics was associated with reduced odds of prevalent NAFLD, particularly for those at high genetic risk. Additional longitudinal studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah R DeCoste
- Evans Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUS
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Mathematics and StatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMAUS
| | - Joseph N Palmisano
- Department of Mathematics and StatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMAUS
| | - Jean Mendez
- Section of GastroenterologyBoston Medical CenterBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUS
| | - Udo Hoffmann
- Radiology DepartmentMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUS
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute and Cardiology SectionEvans Department of MedicineBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUS.,Department of EpidemiologyBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMAUS.,Boston University and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institutes' Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMAUS
| | - Michelle T Long
- Section of GastroenterologyBoston Medical CenterBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUS
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20
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Ghoch ME, Shamieh SE. Is There a Link Between Nutrition, Genetics, and Cardiovascular Disease? J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2020; 7:jcdd7030033. [PMID: 32867398 PMCID: PMC7570096 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd7030033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders that mainly include coronary, cerebrovascular and rheumatic heart diseases [1].[...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan El Ghoch
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020 Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon
- Correspondence:
| | - Said El Shamieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020 Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon;
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21
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Systematic review and meta-analysis of association of polymorphisms in inflammatory cytokine genes with coronary artery disease. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:1001-1013. [PMID: 32719924 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has comprehensively been acknowledged that a genetic contribution, especially in immune inflammatory players, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, are critically involved in the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease (CAD). This meta-analysis study aimed to reach a conclusive understanding of the role of genetic polymorphisms, including IL6 gene C572G (rs1800796) and G174C (rs1800795) as well as TNFA gene G238A (rs361525) and G308A (rs1800629) in susceptibility to CAD. METHODS Two major databases, namely MEDLINE and Scopus, were searched to find the studies surveying the mentioned polymorphisms and CAD susceptibility up to July 2020. Association comparison between the polymorphisms and CAD susceptibility were assessed using pooled odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS This meta-analysis study was conducted on 69 papers (73 population studies), comprising 5062 patients and 8446 controls for IL6 gene rs1800796 (17 studies), 13801 patients and 16215 controls for IL6 gene rs1800795 (38 studies), 1439 patients and 2850 controls for TNFA gene rs361525 (5 studies), and 5051 patients and 3958 controls for TNFA gene rs1800629 (13 studies), according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were statistically positive association between all genetic comparisons of IL6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism and the CAD risk. Moreover, the recessive model (CC vs. CG + GG) in IL6 gene rs1800796 polymorphism had marginally significant association with decreased risk of CAD. None of the TNFA gene polymorphisms were associated with CAD risk. CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis revealed the positive association of IL6 gene rs1800795 polymorphism in susceptibility to CAD.
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22
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Liu YT, Tantoh DM, Wang L, Nfor ON, Hsu SY, Ho CC, Lung CC, Chang HR, Liaw YP. Interaction between Coffee Drinking and TRIB1 rs17321515 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism on Coronary Heart Disease in a Taiwanese Population. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1301. [PMID: 32370221 PMCID: PMC7285234 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex interplay of several genetic and lifestyle factors influence coronary heart disease (CHD). We determined the interaction between coffee consumption and the tribbles pseudokinase 1 (TRIB1) rs17321515 variant on coronary heart disease (CHD). Data on CHD were obtained from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) while genotype data were collected from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) Database. From the linked electronic health record data, 1116 individuals were identified with CHD while 7853 were control individuals. Coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of CHD. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.84 (0.72-0.99). Association of CHD with the TRIB1 rs17321515 variant was not significant. The OR (95% CI) was 1.01 (0.72-0.99). There was an interaction between TRIB1 rs17321515 and coffee consumption on CHD risk (p for interaction = 0.0330). After stratification by rs17321515 genotypes, coffee drinking remained significantly associated with a lower risk of CHD only among participants with GG genotype (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.45-0.85). In conclusion, consumption of coffee was significantly associated with a decreased risk of CHD among Taiwanese adults with the TRIB1 GG genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Tso Liu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan;
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Asia University Hospital, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Disline Manli Tantoh
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan;
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (L.W.); (O.N.N.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Lee Wang
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (L.W.); (O.N.N.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (L.W.); (O.N.N.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Shu-Yi Hsu
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (L.W.); (O.N.N.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan;
- Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Lung
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (L.W.); (O.N.N.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Horng-Rong Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan;
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (L.W.); (O.N.N.); (S.-Y.H.); (C.-C.L.)
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23
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Huang R, Zhao SR, Li Y, Liu F, Gong Y, Xing J, Xu ZS. Association of tumor necrosis factor-α gene polymorphisms and coronary artery disease susceptibility: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:29. [PMID: 32046680 PMCID: PMC7014948 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-0952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background The goal of this study was to review relevant case-control studies to determine the association of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene polymorphisms and coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility. Methods Using appropriate keywords, we identified relevant studies using PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, CNKI, VANFUN, and VIP. Key pertinent sources in the literature were also reviewed, and all articles published through April 2019 were considered for inclusion. Based on eligible studies, we performed a meta-analysis of association between 308G/A, 238G/A, 857C/T, 863C/A and 1031 T/C polymorphisms in TNF-α and risk of CAD. Results We found 25 studies that were consistent with this meta-analysis, including 7697 patients in the CAD group and 9655 control patients. TNF-α 308G/A locus A showed no significant association with CAD susceptibility by the five models in the analysis of the overall population, European, African, South Asian, and North Asian patients. TNF-α 863C/A locus A and 1031 T/C locus C exhibited no significant association with CAD susceptibility. TNF-α 238G/A locus A had no significant association with CAD susceptibility in the overall population. However, TNF-α 238G/A locus A showed significant association with higher CAD susceptibility in the subgroup of Europeans and north Asians. TNF-α 857C/T locus T had no significant association with CAD susceptibility in the analysis of the overall population and Europeans. In the north Asian population, TNF-α 857C/T locus T was associated with lower CAD susceptibility by the heterozygote model. Conclusion TNF-α 308G/A, 857C/T, 863C/A, and 1031 T/C has no significant association with CAD susceptibility. TNF-α 238G/A locus A has significant association with CAD susceptibility in Europeans and north Asians, but has no significant association in the overall population. Studies with a larger sample size are required to confirm the association between TNF-α 238G/A and CAD susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Su-Rui Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yue Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xing
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Sheng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China. .,Department of Cardiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei Province, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Ganzhou, 061001, China.
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