1
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Fouladi H, Ebrahimi A, Derakhshan SM, Khaniani MS. Over-expression of mir-181a-3p in serum of breast cancer patients as diagnostic biomarker. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:372. [PMID: 38411870 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the significance of epigenetics, particularly in breast cancer (BC), has become increasingly recognized. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as an epigenetic factor, are offering valuable insights into various aspects of BC, such as its origins and clinical features. Therefore, studying the disruption of specific miRNAs through microarray and RNA-seq techniques is considered useful. METHODS AND MATERIALS We analyzed two microarray datasets (GSE106817 and GSE113486) in order to discover dysregulated miRNAs in the serum of BC patients. Subsequently, RNA-seq analysis was employed on the TCGA data. Two miRNAs, mir-450a-5p and mir-181a-3p, as novel miRNAs in BC studies, were selected for assessment in the serum of 100 BC patients versus 100 healthy female participants. The quantities of the miRNAs described above were determined through the utilization of RT-qPCR. Furthermore, ROC curve assessments were conducted for each individual miRNA. Next, an assessment was conducted to determine the prognostic significance of these miRNAs. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the utilization of microarray and RNA-seq analysis techniques has demonstrated that mir-450a-5p and mir-181a-3p exhibit elevated expression levels in the serum of BC patients. However, it is noteworthy that only mir-181a-3p displayed clinical dysregulation, as confirmed by RT-PCR findings. These miRNAs have been found to play a crucial role in modulating essential cellular processes and biological functions that contribute to cancer development. Furthermore, noteworthy outcomes have been observed for mir-181a-3p in relation to diagnostic and prognostic clinical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Fouladi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Genetics, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ebrahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Genetics, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sima Mansoori Derakhshan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Genetics, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shekari Khaniani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Genetics, Tabriz, Iran.
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2
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Cao J, Huang S, Li X. Rapamycin inhibits the progression of human acute myeloid leukemia by regulating circ_0094100/miR-217/ATP1B1 axis. Exp Hematol 2022; 112-113:60-69.e2. [PMID: 35901982 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2022.07.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Rapamycin has been reported to inhibit the progression of diverse tumor cells. However, the functions of rapamycin in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are little known. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was conducted to evaluate cell viability. Flow cytometry analysis was employed to analyze cell apoptosis and cell cycle process. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay was performed to determine the levels of circRNA_0094100 (circ_0094100) and microRNA-217 (miR-217). Western blot assay was carried out to measure the protein levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D1, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit beta 1 (ATP1B1). Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were conducted to verify the relationship between miR-217 and circ_0094100 or ATP1B1. Rapamycin treatment suppressed AML cell viability and promoted apoptosis in a dose-dependent way. Circ_0094100 was elevated in AML tissues and cells. Moreover, the circ_0094100 level was reduced in AML cells treated with rapamycin. Circ_0094100 knockdown further inhibited rapamycin-mediated AML cell viability, and cell cycle, and promoted cell apoptosis. Circ_0094100 silencing reduced the protein levels of PCNA, cyclin D1, and Bcl-2 in rapamycin-treated AML cells. For mechanism analysis, circ_0094100 acted as the sponge for miR-217 and miR-217 inhibition reversed circ_0094100 knockdown-mediated malignant behaviors of rapamycin-treated AML cells. Furthermore, miR-217 overexpression suppressed cell viability and cell cycle and facilitated apoptosis in rapamycin-exposed AML cells, which were abolished by increasing ATP1B1. Rapamycin inhibited AML cell viability and cell cycle process and induced apoptosis through regulating circ_0094100/miR-217/ATP1B1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiufang Cao
- Department of Hematolgy, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin City, Sichuan 644000, China
| | - Shihua Huang
- Department of Hematolgy, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin City, Sichuan 644000, China.
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Hematolgy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No.25 Taiping Street, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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3
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Zhang L, Nguyen LXT, Chen YC, Wu D, Cook GJ, Hoang DH, Brewer CJ, He X, Dong H, Li S, Li M, Zhao D, Qi J, Hua WK, Cai Q, Carnahan E, Chen W, Wu X, Swiderski P, Rockne RC, Kortylewski M, Li L, Zhang B, Marcucci G, Kuo YH. Targeting miR-126 in inv(16) acute myeloid leukemia inhibits leukemia development and leukemia stem cell maintenance. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6154. [PMID: 34686664 PMCID: PMC8536759 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) harboring inv(16)(p13q22) expresses high levels of miR-126. Here we show that the CBFB-MYH11 (CM) fusion gene upregulates miR-126 expression through aberrant miR-126 transcription and perturbed miR-126 biogenesis via the HDAC8/RAN-XPO5-RCC1 axis. Aberrant miR-126 upregulation promotes survival of leukemia-initiating progenitors and is critical for initiating and maintaining CM-driven AML. We show that miR-126 enhances MYC activity through the SPRED1/PLK2-ERK-MYC axis. Notably, genetic deletion of miR-126 significantly reduces AML rate and extends survival in CM knock-in mice. Therapeutic depletion of miR-126 with an anti-miR-126 (miRisten) inhibits AML cell survival, reduces leukemia burden and leukemia stem cell (LSC) activity in inv(16) AML murine and xenograft models. The combination of miRisten with chemotherapy further enhances the anti-leukemia and anti-LSC activity. Overall, this study provides molecular insights for the mechanism and impact of miR-126 dysregulation in leukemogenesis and highlights the potential of miR-126 depletion as a therapeutic approach for inv(16) AML. miR-126 is highly expressed in inv(16) Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but its role is unclear. Here, the authors show that the aberrant expression of miR-126 in inv(16) AML is directly due to the CBFB-MYH11 fusion gene and that it can promote AML development and leukemia stem cell maintenance, highlighting miR-126 as a therapeutic target for inv(16) AML patients
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjun Zhang
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Le Xuan Truong Nguyen
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Ying-Chieh Chen
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Dijiong Wu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Guerry J Cook
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Dinh Hoa Hoang
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Casey J Brewer
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Xin He
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Haojie Dong
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Man Li
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jing Qi
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Wei-Kai Hua
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Qi Cai
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Emily Carnahan
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Integrated Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Integrated Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Piotr Swiderski
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Russell C Rockne
- Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Division of Mathematical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Marcin Kortylewski
- Department of Immuno-oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Ling Li
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Guido Marcucci
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Ya-Huei Kuo
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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4
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MicroRNA-181a-3p as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2020; 12:e2020012. [PMID: 32180907 PMCID: PMC7059742 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2020.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Micro (mi) RNAs play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and their abnormal expression may be sufficient to predict the prognosis and outcomes in AML patients. We evaluated the clinical diagnostic value of miRNA-181a-3p in predicting prognosis and outcomes in patients with AML. Methods A total of 119 newly diagnosed adult patients with AML and 60 healthy controls were recruited. Blood specimens were obtained from all AML patients at diagnosis, and 10 blood specimens were obtained on day 28 after induction chemotherapy. The controls also provided blood samples. Relative gene expression was quantified by PCR and determined using the comparative Ct method. Publicly available clinical data and gene expressions for 188 patients with AML were downloaded from TCGA data portal. Results Compared with healthy controls, the expression of miRNA-181a-3p was significantly increased in patients with AML. MiR-181a-3p expression could be used to discriminate AML patients from controls, with up-regulated expression correlating with favorable prognosis. Moreover, miRNA-181a-3p expression was significantly decreased in patients who achieved a complete response after induction chemotherapy. The multivariate Cox analysis highlighted the prognostic value of miR-181a-3p for patients with AML. Finally, we found that miR-181a-3p expression was negatively correlated with the expression of the NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO/IKBKG). Conclusions MiR-181a-3p may be clinically useful as a disease marker for AML, and enhanced the prediction of patient outcomes to chemotherapy.
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5
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Aberrant Expression of the miR-181b/miR-222 after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2019; 35:446-450. [PMID: 31388255 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-018-01066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, dysregulated expression of various micro RNAs has been reported in hematologic malignancies, especially AML disease which affects normal hematopoiesis in these patients and thereby contribute to clinical outcome of AML patients, associated with either poor or favorable prognosis. Herein, we evaluated the expression of miR-181b and miR-222 in acute myeloid leukemia patients and correlation with response to therapy after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Eighty newly diagnosed AML patients and 80 healthy controls were recruited. The expression of miR-181b and miR-222 was evaluated by real-time SYBR Green PCR method. miR-181b gene expression was significantly increased (4.7 fold) whereas miR-222 was decreased (18.3 fold) in AML patients compared to controls (P = 0.03 and P < 0.001, respectively). Both miR-181b and miR-222 were not associated with response to treatment (P > 0.05). Also, miR-181b and miR-222 were not differentially expressed in AML patients with M3 compared to non-M3 FAB subtypes (P > 0.05). miR-181b and miR-222 are aberrantly expressed in AML patients and their baseline level is not associated with response to treatment.
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6
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Liao Q, Wang B, Li X, Jiang G. miRNAs in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 8:3666-3682. [PMID: 27705921 PMCID: PMC5356910 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs found throughout the eukaryotes that control the expression of a number of genes involved in commitment and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and tumorigenesis. Widespread dysregulation of miRNAs have been found in hematological malignancies, including human acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A comprehensive understanding of the role of miRNAs within the complex regulatory networks that are disrupted in malignant AML cells is a prerequisite for the development of therapeutic strategies employing miRNA modulators. Herein, we review the roles of emerging miRNAs and the miRNAs regulatory networks in AML pathogenesis, prognosis, and miRNA-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liao
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Dseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Jinan University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Bingping Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Dseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China.,Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Guosheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Dseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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7
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Bhatnagar B, Garzon R. Long noncoding RNAs to predict survival in acute myeloid leukemia: a step toward personalized medicine? Biomark Med 2016; 10:935-8. [PMID: 27548737 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Bhatnagar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ramiro Garzon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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8
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Lechman ER, Gentner B, Ng SWK, Schoof EM, van Galen P, Kennedy JA, Nucera S, Ciceri F, Kaufmann KB, Takayama N, Dobson SM, Trotman-Grant A, Krivdova G, Elzinga J, Mitchell A, Nilsson B, Hermans KG, Eppert K, Marke R, Isserlin R, Voisin V, Bader GD, Zandstra PW, Golub TR, Ebert BL, Lu J, Minden M, Wang JCY, Naldini L, Dick JE. miR-126 Regulates Distinct Self-Renewal Outcomes in Normal and Malignant Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Cancer Cell 2016; 29:214-28. [PMID: 26832662 PMCID: PMC4749543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To investigate miRNA function in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) stem cells (LSC), we generated a prognostic LSC-associated miRNA signature derived from functionally validated subpopulations of AML samples. For one signature miRNA, miR-126, high bioactivity aggregated all in vivo patient sample LSC activity into a single sorted population, tightly coupling miR-126 expression to LSC function. Through functional studies, miR-126 was found to restrain cell cycle progression, prevent differentiation, and increase self-renewal of primary LSC in vivo. Compared with prior results showing miR-126 regulation of normal hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) cycling, these functional stem effects are opposite between LSC and HSC. Combined transcriptome and proteome analysis demonstrates that miR-126 targets the PI3K/AKT/MTOR signaling pathway, preserving LSC quiescence and promoting chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Lechman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan 20132, Italy; Vita Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan 20132, Italy; Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Stanley W K Ng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada; The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Erwin M Schoof
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Peter van Galen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - James A Kennedy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Silvia Nucera
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan 20132, Italy; Vita Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Vita Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan 20132, Italy; Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Kerstin B Kaufmann
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Naoya Takayama
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Stephanie M Dobson
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Aaron Trotman-Grant
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Gabriela Krivdova
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Janneke Elzinga
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Amanda Mitchell
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Björn Nilsson
- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Lund University Hospital, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Karin G Hermans
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Kolja Eppert
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University and The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Rene Marke
- Laboratory of Pediatric Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, Netherlands
| | - Ruth Isserlin
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Veronique Voisin
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Peter W Zandstra
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada; The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Todd R Golub
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jun Lu
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mark Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Jean C Y Wang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Luigi Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan 20132, Italy; Vita Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - John E Dick
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Research Tower, Room 8-301, 101 College Street, Toronto M5G 1L7, Canada.
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9
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Dorrance AM, Neviani P, Ferenchak GJ, Huang X, Nicolet D, Maharry KS, Ozer HG, Hoellarbauer P, Khalife J, Hill EB, Yadav M, Bolon BN, Lee RJ, Lee LJ, Croce CM, Garzon R, Caligiuri MA, Bloomfield CD, Marcucci G. Targeting leukemia stem cells in vivo with antagomiR-126 nanoparticles in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2015; 29:2143-53. [PMID: 26055302 PMCID: PMC4633325 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Current treatments for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are designed to target rapidly dividing blast populations with limited success in eradicating the functionally distinct leukemia stem cell (LSC) population, which is postulated to be responsible for disease resistance and relapse. We have previously reported high miR-126 expression levels to be associated with a LSC-gene expression profile. Therefore, we hypothesized that miR-126 contributes to “stemness” and is a viable target for eliminating the LSC in AML. Here we first validate the clinical relevance of miR-126 expression in AML by showing that higher expression of this microRNA (miR) is associated with worse outcome in a large cohort of older (≥60 years) cytogenetically normal AML patients treated with conventional chemotherapy. We then show that miR-126 overexpression characterizes AML LSC-enriched cell subpopulations and contributes to LSC long-term maintenance and self-renewal. Finally, we demonstrate the feasibility of therapeutic targeting of miR-126 in LSCs with novel targeting nanoparticles (NP) containing antagomiR-126 resulting in in vivo reduction of LSCs likely by depletion of the quiescent cell subpopulation. Our findings suggest that by targeting a single miR, i.e., miR-126, it is possible to interfere with LSC activity, thereby opening potentially novel therapeutic approaches to treat AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Dorrance
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - P Neviani
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - G J Ferenchak
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - X Huang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - D Nicolet
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - K S Maharry
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology Statistics and Data Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - H G Ozer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - P Hoellarbauer
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J Khalife
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - E B Hill
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M Yadav
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - B N Bolon
- Comparative Pathology and Mouse Phenotyping Shared Resource, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - R J Lee
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - L J Lee
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C M Croce
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - R Garzon
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - M A Caligiuri
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - C D Bloomfield
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - G Marcucci
- Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
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10
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Ruvolo PP. The Interplay between PP2A and microRNAs in Leukemia. Front Oncol 2015; 5:43. [PMID: 25750899 PMCID: PMC4335100 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a serine/threonine phosphatase family whose members have been implicated in tumor suppression in many cancer models. In many cancers, loss of PP2A activity has been associated with tumorigenesis and drug resistance. Loss of PP2A results in failure to turn off survival signaling cascades that drive drug resistance such as those regulated by protein kinase B. PP2A is responsible for modulating function and controlling expression of tumor suppressors such as p53 and oncogenes such as BCL2 and MYC. Thus, PP2A has diverse functions regulating cell survival. The importance of microRNAs (miRs) is emerging in cancer biology. A role for miR regulation of PP2A is not well understood; however, recent studies suggest a number of clinically significant miRs such as miR-155 and miR-19 may include PP2A targets. We have recently found that a PP2A B subunit (B55α) can regulate a number of miRs in acute myeloid leukemia cells. The identification of a miR/PP2A axis represents a novel regulatory pathway in cellular homeostasis. The ability of miRs to suppress specific PP2A targets and for PP2A to control such miRs can add an extra level of control in signaling that could be used as a rheostat for many signaling cascades that maintain cellular homeostasis. As such, loss of PP2A or expression of miRs relevant for PP2A function could promote tumorigenesis or at least result in drug resistance. In this review, we will cover the current state of miR regulation of PP2A with a focus on leukemia. We will also briefly discuss what is known of PP2A regulation of miR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter P Ruvolo
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
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11
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Bhatnagar B, Garzon R. The use of molecular genetics to refine prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2015; 9:148-57. [PMID: 24659319 DOI: 10.1007/s11899-014-0208-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and application of advanced molecular techniques, such as gene and microRNA expression profiling, whole genome and exome sequencing, proteomic analysis and methylation assays, have allowed for the identification of recurrent molecular abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that have revolutionized our understanding of the genetic landscape of the disease. These modalities have emerged as valuable tools that permit a more comprehensive and detailed molecular characterization of AML. Many of these molecular abnormalities have been shown to predict prognosis, particularly within the context of cytogenetically normal AML. This review will discuss the major techniques and platforms that have been used to identify novel recurrent gene mutations in AML and briefly describe how these discoveries have impacted on outcome prediction.
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12
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Bruserud Ø, Nepstad I, Hauge M, Hatfield KJ, Reikvam H. STAT3 as a possible therapeutic target in human malignancies: lessons from acute myeloid leukemia. Expert Rev Hematol 2014; 8:29-41. [PMID: 25374305 DOI: 10.1586/17474086.2015.971005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
STAT3 is important for transcriptional regulation in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML). STAT3 has thousands of potential DNA binding sites but usually shows cell type specific binding preferences to a limited number of these. Furthermore, AML is a very heterogeneous disease, and studies of the prognostic impact of STAT3 in human AML have also given conflicting results. A more detailed characterization of STAT3 functions and the expression of various isoforms in human AML will therefore be required before it is possible to design clinical studies of STAT3 inhibitors in this disease, and it will be especially important to investigate whether the functions of STAT3 differ between patients. Several other malignancies also show extensive biological heterogeneity, and the present discussion and the suggested scientific approaches may thus be relevant for other cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øystein Bruserud
- Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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13
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Matuszcak C, Haier J, Hummel R, Lindner K. MicroRNAs: Promising chemoresistance biomarkers in gastric cancer with diagnostic and therapeutic potential. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:13658-13666. [PMID: 25320504 PMCID: PMC4194550 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i38.13658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer worldwide and ranks second in global cancer mortality statistics. Perioperative chemotherapy plays an important role in the management and treatment of advanced stage disease. However, response to chemotherapy varies widely, with some patients presenting no or only minor response to treatment. Hence, chemotherapy resistance is a major clinical problem that impacts on outcome. Unfortunately, to date there are no reliable biomarkers available that predict response to chemotherapy before the start of the treatment, or that allow modification of chemotherapy resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could provide an answer to this problem. miRNAs are involved in the initiation and progression of a variety of cancer types, and there is evidence that miRNAs impact on resistance towards chemotherapeutic drugs as well. This current review aims to provide an overview about the potential clinical applicability of miRNAs as biomarkers for chemoresistance in GC. The authors focus in this context on the potential of miRNAs to predict sensitivity towards different chemotherapeutics, and on the potential of miRNAs to modulate sensitivity and resistance towards chemotherapy in GC.
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14
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Lymphohematopoietic cancers induced by chemicals and other agents and their implications for risk evaluation: An overview. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2014; 761:40-64. [PMID: 24731989 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lymphohematopoietic neoplasia are one of the most common types of cancer induced by therapeutic and environmental agents. Of the more than 100 human carcinogens identified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, approximately 25% induce leukemias or lymphomas. The objective of this review is to provide an introduction into the origins and mechanisms underlying lymphohematopoietic cancers induced by xenobiotics in humans with an emphasis on acute myeloid leukemia, and discuss the implications of this information for risk assessment. Among the agents causing lymphohematopoietic cancers, a number of patterns were observed. Most physical and chemical leukemia-inducing agents such as the therapeutic alkylating agents, topoisomerase II inhibitors, and ionizing radiation induce mainly acute myeloid leukemia through DNA-damaging mechanisms that result in either gene or chromosomal mutations. In contrast, biological agents and a few immunosuppressive chemicals induce primarily lymphoid neoplasms through mechanisms that involve alterations in immune response. Among the environmental agents examined, benzene was clearly associated with acute myeloid leukemia in humans, with increasing but still limited evidence for an association with lymphoid neoplasms. Ethylene oxide and 1,3-butadiene were linked primarily to lymphoid cancers. Although the association between formaldehyde and leukemia remains controversial, several recent evaluations have indicated a potential link between formaldehyde and acute myeloid leukemia. The four environmental agents examined in detail were all genotoxic, inducing gene mutations, chromosomal alterations, and/or micronuclei in vivo. Although it is clear that rapid progress has been made in recent years in our understanding of leukemogenesis, many questions remain for future research regarding chemically induced leukemias and lymphomas, including the mechanisms by which the environmental agents reviewed here induce these diseases and the risks associated with exposures to such agents.
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15
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16
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Shivarov V, Stoimenov A, Spassov B, Angelova S, Niagolov M, Ivanova M. Patient-specific microRNA expression profiles as a marker for minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia. Hematology 2013; 19:18-21. [DOI: 10.1179/1607845413y.0000000089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Velizar Shivarov
- Laboratory of Hematopathology and ImmunologyNational Hematology Hospital, 6 Plovdivsko pole Str., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Angel Stoimenov
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular BiologyNational Hematology Hospital, 6 Plovdivsko pole Str., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Branimir Spassov
- Department of Clinical HematologyNational Hematology Hospital, 6 Plovdivsko pole Str., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Svetlana Angelova
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular BiologyNational Hematology Hospital, 6 Plovdivsko pole Str., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Milena Ivanova
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Hospital Alexandrovska, Medical University, 1 Georgy Sofiisky, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
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17
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Chen YP, Jin X, Xiang Z, Chen SH, Li YM. Circulating MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for alcoholic steatohepatitis. Liver Int 2013; 33:1257-65. [PMID: 23682678 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate serum miRNA profile in alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), evaluate its effect as non-invasive diagnostic tool and to study its targets' function. METHODS Microarray and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were utilized to detect serum miRNAs pattern in a rat ASH model, followed by target prediction with bioinformatics calculation. The functions and pathways of miRNAs' targets were analysed using databases of Gene Ontology and KEGG. The association between dysregulated miRNAs and genes was assessed by MiR-Gene Network. Five top dysregulated miRNAs were also verified in humans. RESULTS Eight up-regulated and three down-regulated serum miRNAs were selected as an accurate molecular signature in distinguishing ASH from control. For up-regulated miRNAs, 122 GO and 144 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched, including apoptosis, lipid metabolic process, PPAR signalling pathway. For down-regulated miRNAs, 86 GO and 104 KEGG pathways were enriched, including fatty acid metabolism and insulin signalling pathway. Besides, Ccdc117, Gcom1, Zmynd11 and Zfp423 were found at top list as under common regulation of maximum miRNAs. Moreover, miR-214 had the highest degree of 63 among all miRNAs, followed by miR-203 and miR-539. Similarly, Stat3 and Lyn showed the highest degree of 5 among all downstream targets. All significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) revealed that five top dysregulated miRNAs showed the same tendency in humans. CONCLUSION We have reported a unique serum miRNA pattern for non-invasive diagnosis of ASH and provided data reservoir for miRNA and downstream targets exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-peng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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18
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The role of miR-150 in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Oncogene 2013; 33:3887-93. [PMID: 23955084 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that have been implicated to mediate gene regulation in virtually all important biological processes. Recently there is accumulating evidence showing that miR-150 has essential regulatory roles in both normal and malignant hematopoiesis and holds great potential as a therapeutic target in treating various types of hematopoietic malignancies. The purpose of this review is to summarize our current knowledge about the expression patterns, biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of miR-150 in normal and malignant hematopoiesis, and to highlight the important questions to be answered in this burgeoning field.
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19
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Mazeh H, Mizrahi I, Ilyayev N, Halle D, Brücher B, Bilchik A, Protic M, Daumer M, Stojadinovic A, Itzhak A, Nissan A. The Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of microRNA in Colorectal Cancer - a Comprehensive review. J Cancer 2013; 4:281-95. [PMID: 23459799 PMCID: PMC3584841 DOI: 10.7150/jca.5836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of microRNA, a group of regulatory short RNA fragments, has added a new dimension to the diagnosis and management of neoplastic diseases. Differential expression of microRNA in a unique pattern in a wide range of tumor types enables researches to develop a microRNA-based assay for source identification of metastatic disease of unknown origin. This is just one example of many microRNA-based cancer diagnostic and prognostic assays in various phases of clinical research. Since colorectal cancer (CRC) is a phenotypic expression of multiple molecular pathways including chromosomal instability (CIN), micro-satellite instability (MIS) and CpG islands promoter hypermethylation (CIMP), there is no one-unique pattern of microRNA expression expected in this disease and indeed, there are multiple reports published, describing different patterns of microRNA expression in CRC. The scope of this manuscript is to provide a comprehensive review of the scientific literature describing the dysregulation of and the potential role for microRNA in the management of CRC. A Pubmed search was conducted using the following MeSH terms, "microRNA" and "colorectal cancer". Of the 493 publications screened, there were 57 papers describing dysregulation of microRNA in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haggi Mazeh
- 1. Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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20
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García-Ortí L, Cristóbal I, Cirauqui C, Guruceaga E, Marcotegui N, Calasanz MJ, Castello-Cros R, Odero MD. Integration of SNP and mRNA arrays with microRNA profiling reveals that MiR-370 is upregulated and targets NF1 in acute myeloid leukemia. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47717. [PMID: 23077663 PMCID: PMC3471844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deregulated miRNA expression plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis. Recent studies show different mechanisms leading to miRNA deregulation in cancer; however, alterations affecting miRNAs by DNA copy number variations (CNV) remain poorly studied. Results Our integrative analysis including data from high resolution SNPs arrays, mRNA expression arrays, and miRNAs expression profiles in 16 myeloid cell lines highlights that CNV are alternative mechanisms to deregulate the expression of miRNAs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and represent a novel approach to identify novel candidate genes involved in AML. We found association between the expression levels of 19 miRNAs and CNVs affecting their loci. Functional analysis showed that NF1 is a direct target of miR-370, and that overexpression of miR-370 has similar effects that NF1 inactivation, increasing proliferation and colony formation in AML cells. Moreover, real time RT-PCR showed that NF1 downregulation is a recurrent event in AML (30.8%), and western blot analysis confirmed this result. MiR-370 overexpression and deletions affecting the NF1 locus were identified as alternative mechanisms to downregulate NF1. Conclusions NF1 downregulation is a common event in AML, and both deletions in the NF1 locus and overexpression of miR-370 are alternative mechanisms to downregulate NF1 in this disease. Our results suggest a leukemogenic role of miR-370 through NF1 downregulation in AML cells. Since NF1 deficiency leads to RAS activation, patients with AML and overexpression of miR-370 may potentially benefit from additional treatment with either RAS or mTOR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Ortí
- Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ion Cristóbal
- Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Cirauqui
- Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Guruceaga
- Unit of Proteomics, Genomics and Bioinformatics, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Marcotegui
- Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Remedios Castello-Cros
- Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María D. Odero
- Division of Oncology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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21
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Spencer P, Fry RC, Kisby GE. Unraveling 50-Year-Old Clues Linking Neurodegeneration and Cancer to Cycad Toxins: Are microRNAs Common Mediators? Front Genet 2012; 3:192. [PMID: 23060898 PMCID: PMC3460211 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2012.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recognition of overlapping molecular signaling activated by a chemical trigger of cancer and neurodegeneration is new, but the path to this discovery has been long and potholed. Six conferences (1962–1972) examined the puzzling neurotoxic and carcinogenic properties of a then-novel toxin [cycasin: methylazoxymethanol (MAM)-β-d-glucoside] in cycad plants used traditionally for food and medicine on Guam where a complex neurodegenerative disease plagued the indigenous population. Affected families showed combinations of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), parkinsonism (P), and/or a dementia (D) akin to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Modernization saw declining disease rates on Guam and remarkable changes in clinical phenotype (ALS was replaced by P-D and then by D) and in two genetically distinct ALS-PDC-affected populations (Kii-Japan, West Papua-Indonesia) that used cycad seed medicinally. MAM forms DNA lesions – repaired by O6-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) – that perturb mouse brain development and induce malignant tumors in peripheral organs. The brains of young adult MGMT-deficient mice given a single dose of MAM show DNA lesion-linked changes in cell-signaling pathways associated with miRNA-1, which is implicated in colon, liver, and prostate cancers, and in neurological disease, notably AD. MAM is metabolized to formaldehyde, a human carcinogen. Formaldehyde-responsive miRNAs predicted to modulate MAM-associated genes in the brains of MGMT-deficient mice include miR-17-5p and miR-18d, which regulate genes involved in tumor suppression, DNA repair, amyloid deposition, and neurotransmission. These findings marry cycad-associated ALS-PDC with colon, liver, and prostate cancer; they also add to evidence linking changes in microRNA status both to ALS, AD, and parkinsonism, and to cancer initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Spencer
- Global Health Center, Oregon Health and Science University Portland, OR, USA
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22
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Gutiyama LM, Coutinho DF, Lipkin MV, Zalcberg IR. Myeloid neoplasias: what molecular analyses are telling us. ISRN ONCOLOGY 2012; 2012:321246. [PMID: 23056961 PMCID: PMC3465937 DOI: 10.5402/2012/321246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, cytogenetic and molecular characterizations of hematological disorders at diagnosis and followup have been most valuable for guiding therapeutic decisions and prognosis. Genetic and epigenetic alterations detected by different procedures have been associated to different cancer types and are considered important indicators for disease classification, differential diagnosis, prognosis, response, and individualization of therapy. The search for new biomarkers has been revolutionized by high-throughput technologies. At this point, it seems that we have overcome technological barriers, but we are still far from sorting the biological puzzle. Evidence based on translational research is required for validating novel genetic and epigenetic markers for routine clinical practice. We herein discuss the importance of genetic abnormalities and their molecular pathways in acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, and myeloproliferative neoplasms. We also discuss how novel genomic abnormalities may interact and reassess concepts and classifications of myeloid neoplasias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ilana R. Zalcberg
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Transplantes de Medula Óssea, Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA), Praça da Cruz Vermelha 23, 6° Andar, 20230-130 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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23
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Abstract
Thyroid cancer accounts for 1.5% of all malignancies in the U.S., and it is the most common endocrine malignancy. Detection of thyroid cancer mostly relies on evaluation of thyroid nodules, which are very common but only 5%-7% harbor malignancy. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is currently the most important tool for the evaluation of thyroid nodules; however, it is limited in that it provides only a cytology assessment of the aspirated cells, and indeterminate diagnoses are present in up to 30% of FNAB results. This limitation can be overcome by the molecular analysis of FNAB, and more specifically with the use of microRNAs (miRs). miRs constitute a class of endogenous small noncoding RNA fragments that regulate gene expression, and in vitro studies have shown that miRs play a significant role in cancer and regulate major processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell death. Several studies have investigated the miR expression signature in different thyroid cancers, and data support its use as a diagnostic tool that is highly accurate for thyroid nodules. The purpose of this study is to review the accumulated data on miR dysregulation in the different thyroid cancer types, critically assess its diagnostic utility, and conclude with future study strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haggi Mazeh
- Section of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, K3/704 Clinical Science Center, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, USA.
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24
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Hou L, Zhang X, Wang D, Baccarelli A. Environmental chemical exposures and human epigenetics. Int J Epidemiol 2012; 41:79-105. [PMID: 22253299 PMCID: PMC3304523 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyr154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Every year more than 13 million deaths worldwide are due to environmental pollutants, and approximately 24% of diseases are caused by environmental exposures that might be averted through preventive measures. Rapidly growing evidence has linked environmental pollutants with epigenetic variations, including changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications and microRNAs. Environ mental chemicals and epigenetic changes All of these mechanisms are likely to play important roles in disease aetiology, and their modifications due to environmental pollutants might provide further understanding of disease aetiology, as well as biomarkers reflecting exposures to environmental pollutants and/or predicting the risk of future disease. We summarize the findings on epigenetic alterations related to environmental chemical exposures, and propose mechanisms of action by means of which the exposures may cause such epigenetic changes. We discuss opportunities, challenges and future directions for future epidemiology research in environmental epigenomics. Future investigations are needed to solve methodological and practical challenges, including uncertainties about stability over time of epigenomic changes induced by the environment, tissue specificity of epigenetic alterations, validation of laboratory methods, and adaptation of bioinformatic and biostatistical methods to high-throughput epigenomics. In addition, there are numerous reports of epigenetic modifications arising following exposure to environmental toxicants, but most have not been directly linked to disease endpoints. To complete our discussion, we also briefly summarize the diseases that have been linked to environmental chemicals-related epigenetic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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25
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Zhu YD, Wang L, Sun C, Fan L, Zhu DX, Fang C, Wang YH, Zou ZJ, Zhang SJ, Li JY, Xu W. Distinctive microRNA signature is associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of acute leukemia. Med Oncol 2011; 29:2323-31. [PMID: 22209839 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-0140-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are of great importance in pathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis of acute leukemia (AL). We studied five AL-related miRNAs to confirm the significance of these miRNAs in AL. Samples tested included acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 107 cases; acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 40 cases. Five AL-related miRNAs: miR-128, let-7b, miR-223, miR-181a and miR-155 expression were detected by qRT-PCR. Analysis showed that miRNA-128 expression was significantly higher in ALL (P<0.001). However, the let-7b and miR-223 expressions in ALL were significantly lower than in AML (P<0.001). Compared with normal controls, miR-128 expression was significantly higher in ALL (P<0.001), but there was no significant difference in AML (P=0.900). The expressions of Let-7b and miR-223 in AL group were higher than in normal controls (P<0.001). MiR-181a was quantitatively detected in 107 AML patients, and we found that the expression of miR181a in M1 or M2 patients was significantly higher compared with it in M4 or M5 (P=0.013). According to karyotype, 84 cases of AML were classified into three groups named favorable, moderate and poor. It was found that the expression of miR-181a in favorable prognosis group was significantly lower than in poor prognosis group (P=0.015). In FLT3-ITD mutation positive patients, the miR-155 expression was significantly higher than in the negative group (P=0.002). These results support that miR-128, let-7b, miR-223 and miR181a have a diagnosis value in AL, while miR-181a and miR-155 are of great prognostic significance in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Dong Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
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26
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Godley LA, Cunningham J, Dolan ME, Huang RS, Gurbuxani S, McNerney ME, Larson RA, Leong H, Lussier Y, Onel K, Odenike O, Stock W, White KP, Le Beau MM. An integrated genomic approach to the assessment and treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Semin Oncol 2011; 38:215-24. [PMID: 21421111 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, new scientific advances have been applied quickly to the leukemias based on the ease with which relatively pure samples of malignant cells can be obtained. Currently, our arsenal of approaches used to characterize an individual's acute myeloid leukemia (AML) combines hematopathologic evaluation, flow cytometry, cytogenetic analysis, and molecular studies focused on a few key genes. The advent of high-throughput methods capable of full-genome evaluation presents new options for a revolutionary change in the way we diagnose, characterize, and treat AML. Next-generation DNA sequencing techniques allow full sequencing of a cancer genome or transcriptome, with the hope that this will be affordable for routine clinical care within the decade. Microarray-based testing will define gene and miRNA expression, DNA methylation patterns, chromosomal imbalances, and predisposition to disease and chemosensitivity. The vision for the future entails an integrated and automated approach to these analyses, bringing the possibility of formulating an individualized treatment plan within days of a patient's initial presentation. With these expectations comes the hope that such an approach will lead to decreased toxicities and prolonged survival for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy A Godley
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. lgodley@medicine
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27
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Hou L, Wang D, Baccarelli A. Environmental chemicals and microRNAs. Mutat Res 2011; 714:105-12. [PMID: 21609724 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short single-stranded non-coding molecules that function as negative regulators to silence or suppress gene expression. Aberrant miRNA expression has been implicated in a several cellular processes and pathogenic pathways of a number of diseases. Evidence is rapidly growing that miRNA regulation of gene expression may be affected by environmental chemicals. These environmental exposures include those that have frequently been associated with chronic diseases, such as heavy metals, air pollution, bisphenol A, and cigarette smoking. In this article, we review the published data on miRNAs in relation to the exposure to several environmental chemicals, and discuss the potential mechanisms that may link environmental chemicals to miRNA alterations. We further discuss the challenges in environmental-miRNA research and possible future directions. The accumulating evidence linking miRNAs to environmental chemicals, coupled with the unique regulatory role of miRNAs in gene expression, makes miRNAs potential biomarkers for better understanding the mechanisms of environmental diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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28
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Rager JE, Smeester L, Jaspers I, Sexton KG, Fry RC. Epigenetic changes induced by air toxics: formaldehyde exposure alters miRNA expression profiles in human lung cells. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2011; 119:494-500. [PMID: 21147603 PMCID: PMC3080931 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to formaldehyde, a known air toxic, is associated with cancer and lung disease. Despite the adverse health effects of formaldehyde, the mechanisms underlying formaldehyde-induced disease remain largely unknown. Research has uncovered microRNAs (miRNAs) as key posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression that may influence cellular disease state. Although studies have compared different miRNA expression patterns between diseased and healthy tissue, this is the first study to examine perturbations in global miRNA levels resulting from formaldehyde exposure. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether cellular miRNA expression profiles are modified by formaldehyde exposure to test the hypothesis that formaldehyde exposure disrupts miRNA expression levels within lung cells, representing a novel epigenetic mechanism through which formaldehyde may induce disease. METHODS Human lung epithelial cells were grown at air-liquid interface and exposed to gaseous formaldehyde at 1 ppm for 4 hr. Small RNAs and protein were collected and analyzed for miRNA expression using microarray analysis and for interleukin (IL-8) protein levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Gaseous formaldehyde exposure altered the miRNA expression profiles in human lung cells. Specifically, 89 miRNAs were significantly down-regulated in formaldehyde-exposed samples versus controls. Functional and molecular network analysis of the predicted miRNA transcript targets revealed that formaldehyde exposure potentially alters signaling pathways associated with cancer, inflammatory response, and endocrine system regulation. IL-8 release increased in cells exposed to formaldehyde, and results were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSIONS Formaldehyde alters miRNA patterns that regulate gene expression, potentially leading to the initiation of a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E. Rager
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health and
| | - Lisa Smeester
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health and
| | - Ilona Jaspers
- Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kenneth G. Sexton
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health and
| | - Rebecca C. Fry
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health and
- Address correspondence to R.C. Fry, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, 135 Dauer Dr., CB 7431, University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 27599. Telephone: (919) 843-6864. Fax: 919-966-7911. E-mail:
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29
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Saxena A, Carninci P. Whole transcriptome analysis: what are we still missing? WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2010; 3:527-43. [PMID: 21197667 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
New technologies such as tag-based sequencing and tiling arrays have provided unique insights into the transcriptional output of cells. Many new RNA classes have been uncovered in the past decade, despite limitations in current technologies. Even as the repertoire of known functional elements of the transcriptome increases and contemporary technologies become mainstream, inadequacies in conventional protocols for library preparation, sequencing and mapping continue to hamper revelation of the entire transcriptome of cells. In this article, we review current protocols and outline their deficiencies. We also provide our view on what we may be overlooking in the transcriptome, despite exhaustive investigations, and indicate future areas of technological development and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Saxena
- Omics Science Center, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Tsurumi, Japan
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Kar G, Keskin O, Gursoy A, Nussinov R. Allostery and population shift in drug discovery. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2010; 10:715-22. [PMID: 20884293 PMCID: PMC7316380 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2010.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Proteins can exist in a large number of conformations around their native states that can be characterized by an energy landscape. The landscape illustrates individual valleys, which are the conformational substates. From the functional standpoint, there are two key points: first, all functionally relevant substates pre-exist; and second, the landscape is dynamic and the relative populations of the substates will change following allosteric events. Allosteric events perturb the structure, and the energetic strain propagates and shifts the population. This can lead to changes in the shapes and properties of target binding sites. Here we present an overview of dynamic conformational ensembles focusing on allosteric events in signaling. We propose that combining equilibrium fluctuation concepts with genomic screens could help drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Kar
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics and College of Engineering, Koc University Rumelifeneri Yolu, 34450 Sariyer Istanbul, Turkey
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31
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are short (18-22 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs that are important in regulating gene expression. MiR expression is deregulated in many types of cancers, including leukemias. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the expression of specific miRs has been linked with both prognostically and cytogenetically defined subgroups. Recent studies have shown that deregulation of miR expression is not simply a consequence of AML but a potential contributer to leukemogenesis. This commentary will focus on select findings that describe the different mechanistic roles for miRs in the development of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Katherine Hyde
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, NHGRI/NIH, 49 Convent Drive Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
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