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Pérez P, Hashemi S, Cano-Lamadrid M, Martínez-Zamora L, Gómez PA, Artés-Hernández F. Effect of Ultrasound and High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing on Quality and Bioactive Compounds during the Shelf Life of a Broccoli and Carrot By-Products Beverage. Foods 2023; 12:3808. [PMID: 37893701 PMCID: PMC10606312 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vegetable beverages are a convenient strategy to enhance the consumption of horticultural commodities, with the possibility of being fortified with plant by-products to increase functional quality. The main objective was to develop a new veggie beverage from broccoli stalks and carrot by-products seasoned with natural antioxidants and antimicrobial ingredients. Pasteurization, Ultrasound (US), and High Hydrostatic Pressure (HHP) and their combinations were used as processing treatments, while no treatment was used as a control (CTRL). A shelf-life study of 28 days at 4 °C was assayed. Microbial load, antioxidant capacity, and bioactive compounds were periodically measured. Non-thermal treatments have successfully preserved antioxidants (~6 mg/L ΣCarotenoids) and sulfur compounds (~1.25 g/L ΣGlucosinolates and ~5.5 mg/L sulforaphane) throughout the refrigerated storage, with a longer shelf life compared to a pasteurized beverage. Total vial count was reduced by 1.5-2 log CFU/mL at day 0 and by 6 log CFU/mL at the end of the storage in HHP treatments. Thus, the product developed in this study could help increase the daily intake of glucosinolates and carotenoids. These beverages can be a good strategy to revitalize broccoli and carrot by-products with high nutritional potential while maintaining a pleasant sensory perception for the final consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Pérez
- Postharvest and Refrigeration Group, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Region of Murcia, Spain; (P.P.); (S.H.); (M.C.-L.)
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Tecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería (INTECIN), Facultad de Ingeniería, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científica y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, C.A.B.A, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Seyedehzeinab Hashemi
- Postharvest and Refrigeration Group, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Region of Murcia, Spain; (P.P.); (S.H.); (M.C.-L.)
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Region of Murcia, Spain;
| | - Marina Cano-Lamadrid
- Postharvest and Refrigeration Group, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Region of Murcia, Spain; (P.P.); (S.H.); (M.C.-L.)
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Region of Murcia, Spain;
| | - Lorena Martínez-Zamora
- Postharvest and Refrigeration Group, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Region of Murcia, Spain; (P.P.); (S.H.); (M.C.-L.)
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Region of Murcia, Spain;
- Department of Food Technology, Nutrition, and Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, 30071 Espinardo, Region of Murcia, Spain
| | - Perla A. Gómez
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Region of Murcia, Spain;
| | - Francisco Artés-Hernández
- Postharvest and Refrigeration Group, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Region of Murcia, Spain; (P.P.); (S.H.); (M.C.-L.)
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Region of Murcia, Spain;
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2
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Microwave decontamination process for hummus: A computational study with experimental validation. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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3
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Yang Q, Luo M, Zhou Q, Zhou X, Zhao Y, Chen J, Ji S. Insights into Profiling of 24-Epibrassinolide Treatment Alleviating the Loss of Glucosinolates in Harvested Broccoli. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02909-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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Enrichment of glucosinolate and carotenoid contents of mustard sprouts by using green elicitors during germination. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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5
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Improvement of the Stability and Release of Sulforaphane-enriched Broccoli Sprout Extract Nanoliposomes by Co-encapsulation into Basil Seed Gum. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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González-Tejedor G, Garre A, Egea JA, Aznar A, Artés-Hernández F, Fernández PS. Application of High Hydrostatic Pressure in fresh purple smoothie: Microbial inactivation kinetic modelling and qualitative studies. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2022; 29:372-382. [PMID: 35491670 DOI: 10.1177/10820132221095607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The inactivation kinetics of Listeria monocytogenes during High Hydrostatic Pressure (HHP) treatments was studied in a purple smoothie based of fresh fruit and vegetables. Pressure intensity studied was 300, 350, 400 and 450 MPa. Untreated samples were used as control. Furthermore, the effects on quality attributes (sensory, total soluble solids content, colour, titratable acidity, pH, vitamin C and total phenolics content) were also monitored. Microbial inactivation was modelled as a function of the HHP intensity using the Geeraerd model. Shoulder and tail effects were observed only for the 300 MPa pressure assayed, supporting a multiple hit kinetic inactivation of critical factors. Increasing the HHP intensity resulted in a faster inactivation with tailing. A strong positive correlation was observed between the pressure level and the inactivation rate (k). Hence, a linear model was used to describe the relationship between both variables. Nevertheless, further data are required to confirm this secondary model. Quality was mostly unaffected by the HHP treatments, except for the vitamin C content, which reported reductions of 26 and 21% after 300 and 350 MPa, respectively. In conclusion, HHP can be a viable technology for processing fruit and vegetable-based smoothies to preserve quality and safety. A pressure of 400 MPa is advisable to ensure an efficient microbial inactivation with the best sensory and nutritional quality retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo González-Tejedor
- Centro de Producción e Investigaciones Agroindustriales, 252900Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá.,Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá
| | - Alberto Garre
- Department of Agronomical Engineering and Institute of Plant Biotechnology, 16769Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.,Food Microbiology, 4508Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jose A Egea
- Plant Breeding Department, Fruit Breeding Group, 54424CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Aznar
- Department of Agronomical Engineering and Institute of Plant Biotechnology, 16769Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Francisco Artés-Hernández
- Department of Agronomical Engineering and Institute of Plant Biotechnology, 16769Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Pablo S Fernández
- Department of Agronomical Engineering and Institute of Plant Biotechnology, 16769Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
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Castillejo N, Martínez-Zamora L, Artés-Hernández F. Periodical UV-B radiation hormesis in biosynthesis of kale sprouts nutraceuticals. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 165:274-285. [PMID: 34090151 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the periodical UV-B radiation hormesis during kale seeds germination in their main content of secondary metabolite compounds (phenols; glucosinolates; total antioxidant capacity -TAC-) and their changes during a refrigerated shelf-life. The total UV-B doses received were 0, 5, 10, and 15 kJ m-2 (CTRL, UVB5, UVB10, and UVB15) in where the 25% was applied on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 10th sprouting day. UV radiation did not affect the morphological development of the sprouts. UVB10 and UVB15 treatments increased their phenolic content (>30%). Likewise, TAC was increased by UV-B lighting ~10% (DPPH) and ~20% (FRAP). The hydroxycinnamic acid content in UVB15-treated sprouts increased by 52%, while UVB5 reported an increase of 34% in the kaempferol-3,7-di-O-glucoside concentration, compared to CTRL. After 10 d at 4 °C of shelf-life, content of gallic acid hexoside I and gallic acid increased by 55 and 78% compared to UV-untreated kale sprouts, respectively. Glucoraphanin was the main glucosinolate found in kale sprouts and seeds, followed by 4-hydroxy-glucobrassicin, whose biosynthesis was enhanced by UVB10 (~24 and ~27%) and UVB15 (~36 and ~30%), respectively, compared to CTRL. In conclusion, periodical low UV-B illumination represents a useful tool to stimulate phytochemicals biosynthesis in kale sprouts as an important source of bioactive compounds with potential health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Castillejo
- Department of Agronomical Engineering & Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Murcia, 30203, Spain
| | - Lorena Martínez-Zamora
- Department of Agronomical Engineering & Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Murcia, 30203, Spain
| | - Francisco Artés-Hernández
- Department of Agronomical Engineering & Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Murcia, 30203, Spain.
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The Impact of N 2-Assisted High-Pressure Processing on the Microorganisms and Quality Indices of Fresh-Cut Bell Peppers. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030508. [PMID: 33670953 PMCID: PMC7997287 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the effects of N2-assisted high-pressure processing (HPP, 400 MPa/7.5 min and 500 MPa/7.5 min) on the microorganisms and physicochemical, nutritional, and sensory characteristics of fresh-cut bell peppers (FCBP) during 25 days of storage at 4 °C. Yeasts and molds were not detected, and the counts of total aerobic bacteria were less than 4 log10 CFU/g during storage at 4 °C. The total soluble solids and L* values were maintained in HPP-treated FCBP during storage. After the HPP treatment, an 18.7–21.9% weight loss ratio and 54–60% loss of hardness were found, and the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity was significantly inactivated (33.87–55.91% of its original activity). During storage, the weight loss ratio and PPO activity of the samples increased significantly, but the hardness of 500 MPa/7.5 min for treated FCBP showed no significant change (9.79–11.54 N). HPP also effectively improved the total phenol content and antioxidant capacity of FCBP to 106.69–108.79 mg GAE/100 g and 5.76–6.55 mmol Trolox/L; however, a non-negligible reduction in total phenols, ascorbic acid, and antioxidant capacity was found during storage. Overall, HPP treatments did not negatively impact the acceptability of all sensory attributes during storage, especially after the 500 MPa/7.5 min treatment. Therefore, N2-assisted HPP processing is a good choice for the preservation of FCBP.
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Castillejo N, Martínez-Hernández GB, Artés-Hernández F. Revalorized broccoli by-products and mustard improved quality during shelf life of a kale pesto sauce. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2021; 27:734-745. [PMID: 33423548 DOI: 10.1177/1082013220983100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The effect of revalorized Bimi leaves (B) and/or mustard (M) addition, as supplementary ingredients, to develop an innovative kale (K) pesto sauce was studied. Microbial, physicochemical (color, total soluble solids content -SSC-, pH and titratable acidity -TA-) and sensory quality were studied during 20 days at 5 °C. Bioactive compounds changes (total phenolics, total antioxidant capacity and glucoraphanin contents) were also monitored throughout storage. The high TA and pH changes in the last 6 days of storage were avoided in the K+B pesto when adding mustard, due to the antimicrobial properties of this brassica seed. SSC was increased when B + M were added to the K pesto, which positively masked the kale-typical bitterness. Mustard addition hardly change yellowness of the K pesto, being not detected in the sensory analyses, showing K+B+M pesto the lowest color differences after 20 days of shelf life. The addition of Bimi leaves to the K pesto enhanced its phenolic content while mustard addition did not negatively affect such total antioxidant compounds content. Finally, mustard addition effectively aimed to glucoraphanin conversion to its bioactive products. Conclusively, an innovative kale pesto supplemented with Bimi by-products was hereby developed, being its overall quality well preserved up to 20 days at 5 °C due to the mustard addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Castillejo
- Postharvest and Refrigeration Group, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
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10
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Ilahy R, Tlili I, Pék Z, Montefusco A, Siddiqui MW, Homa F, Hdider C, R'Him T, Lajos H, Lenucci MS. Pre- and Post-harvest Factors Affecting Glucosinolate Content in Broccoli. Front Nutr 2020; 7:147. [PMID: 33015121 PMCID: PMC7511755 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to several presumed health-promoting biological activities, increased attention is being given to natural plant chemicals, especially those frequently entering the human diet. Glucosinolates (GLs) are the main bioactive compounds found in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck). Their regular dietary assumption has been correlated with reduced risk of various types of neoplasms (lung, colon, pancreatic, breast, bladder, and prostate cancers), some degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, and decreased incidence of cardiovascular pathologies. GL's synthesis pathway and regulation mechanism have been elucidated mainly in Arabidopsis. However, nearly 56 putative genes have been identified as involved in the B. oleracea GL pathway. It is widely recognized that there are several pre-harvest (genotype, growing environment, cultural practices, ripening stage, etc.) and post-harvest (harvesting, post-harvest treatments, packaging, storage, etc.) factors that affect GL synthesis, profiles, and levels in broccoli. Understanding how these factors act and interact in driving GL accumulation in the edible parts is essential for developing new broccoli cultivars with improved health-promoting bioactivity. In this regard, any systematic and comprehensive review outlining the effects of pre- and post-harvest factors on the accumulation of GLs in broccoli is not yet available. Thus, the goal of this paper is to fill this gap by giving a synoptic overview of the most relevant and recent literature. The existence of substantial cultivar-to-cultivar variation in GL content in response to pre-harvest factors and post-harvest manipulations has been highlighted and discussed. The paper also stresses the need for adapting particular pre- and post-harvest procedures for each particular genotype in order to maintain nutritious, fresh-like quality throughout the broccoli value chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Ilahy
- Laboratory of Horticulture, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imen Tlili
- Laboratory of Horticulture, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Zoltán Pék
- Laboratory of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Horticultural Institute, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Montefusco
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento (DiSTeBA), Lecce, Italy
| | - Mohammed Wasim Siddiqui
- Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur, India
| | - Fozia Homa
- Department of Statistics, Mathematics, and Computer Application, Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur, India
| | - Chafik Hdider
- Laboratory of Horticulture, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Thouraya R'Him
- Laboratory of Horticulture, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Helyes Lajos
- Laboratory of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Horticultural Institute, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marcello Salvatore Lenucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento (DiSTeBA), Lecce, Italy
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Using High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing Come-Up Time as an Innovative Tool to Induce the Biosynthesis of Free and Bound Phenolics in Whole Carrots. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-020-02512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Ahmed J, Thomas L, Mulla M. High‐pressure treatment of hummus in selected packaging materials: Influence on texture, rheology, and microstructure. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasim Ahmed
- Food & Nutrition Program, Environment & Life Sciences Research CenterKuwait Institute for Scientific Research Safat Kuwait
| | - Linu Thomas
- Food & Nutrition Program, Environment & Life Sciences Research CenterKuwait Institute for Scientific Research Safat Kuwait
| | - Mehrajfatema Mulla
- Food & Nutrition Program, Environment & Life Sciences Research CenterKuwait Institute for Scientific Research Safat Kuwait
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Ramirez D, Abellán-Victorio A, Beretta V, Camargo A, Moreno DA. Functional Ingredients From Brassicaceae Species: Overview and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1998. [PMID: 32183429 PMCID: PMC7139885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassicaceae vegetables are important crops consumed worldwide due to their unique flavor, and for their broadly recognized functional properties, which are directly related to their phytochemical composition. Isothiocyanates (ITC) are the most characteristic compounds, considered responsible for their pungent taste. Besides ITC, these vegetables are also rich in carotenoids, phenolics, minerals, and vitamins. Consequently, Brassica's phytochemical profile makes them an ideal natural source for improving the nutritional quality of manufactured foods. In this sense, the inclusion of functional ingredients into food matrices are of growing interest. In the present work, Brassicaceae ingredients, functionality, and future perspectives are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ramirez
- Laboratorio de Cromatografía para Agroalimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, UNCuyo, Mendoza 54 261, Argentina; (D.R.); (V.B.); (A.C.)
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza, CONICET Mendoza 54 261, Argentina
| | - Angel Abellán-Victorio
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council for Scientific Research (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia 30100, Spain;
| | - Vanesa Beretta
- Laboratorio de Cromatografía para Agroalimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, UNCuyo, Mendoza 54 261, Argentina; (D.R.); (V.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Alejandra Camargo
- Laboratorio de Cromatografía para Agroalimentos, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, UNCuyo, Mendoza 54 261, Argentina; (D.R.); (V.B.); (A.C.)
- Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza, CONICET Mendoza 54 261, Argentina
| | - Diego A. Moreno
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Foods Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council for Scientific Research (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia 30100, Spain;
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Ahmed J, Thomas L, Mulla M. Dielectric and microstructural properties of high-pressure treated hummus in the selected packaging materials. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Buendía-Moreno L, Ros-Chumillas M, Navarro-Segura L, Sánchez-Martínez MJ, Soto-Jover S, Antolinos V, Martínez-Hernández GB, López-Gómez A. Effects of an Active Cardboard Box Using Encapsulated Essential Oils on the Tomato Shelf Life. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-019-02311-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Garre A, Egea JA, Iguaz A, Palop A, Fernandez PS. Relevance of the Induced Stress Resistance When Identifying the Critical Microorganism for Microbial Risk Assessment. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1663. [PMID: 30087669 PMCID: PMC6066666 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Decisions regarding microbial risk assessment usually have to be carried out with incomplete information. This is due to the large number of possible scenarios and the lack of specific data for the problem considered. Consequently, risk assessment studies are based on the information obtained with a small number of bacterial cells which are considered the most heat resistant and/or more capable of multiplying during storage. The identification of the most resistant strains is usually based on D and z-values, normally estimated from isothermal experiments. This procedure omits the potential effect that the shape of the dynamic thermal profile applied in industry has on the microbial inactivation. One example of such effects is stress acclimation, which is related to a physiological response of the cells during sub-lethal treatments that increases their resistance. In this article, we use a recently published mathematical model to compare the development of thermal resistance for Escherichia coli K12 MG1655 and E. coli CECT 515 using inactivation data already published for these strains. Based only on the isothermal experiments, E. coli K12 MG1655 would be identified as more resistant to the thermal treatment than the CECT 515 strain in the 50-65°C temperature range. However, we conclude that stress acclimation is strain (and/or media)-dependent; the CECT 515 strain has a higher capacity for developing a stress acclimation than K12 MG1655 (300% increase of the D-value for CECT 515, 50% for K12 MG1655). It, thus, has the potential to be more resistant to the thermal treatment than the K12 MG1655 strain for some conditions allowing acclimation. A methodology is proposed to identify for which conditions this may be the case. After calibrating the model parameters representing acclimation using real experimental data, the applicability of the proposed approach is demonstrated using numerical simulations, showing how the CECT 515 strain can be more resistant for some heating profiles. Consequently, the most resistant bacterial strain to a dynamic heating profile should not be identified based only on isothermal experiments (D- and z-value). The relevance of stress acclimation for the treatment studied should also be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Garre
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos y del Equipamiento Agrícola, Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (ETSIA), Cartagena, Spain
| | - Jose A. Egea
- Departamento de Matemática Aplicada y Estadística, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Antiguo Hospital de Marina (ETSII), Cartagena, Spain
| | - Asunción Iguaz
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos y del Equipamiento Agrícola, Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (ETSIA), Cartagena, Spain
| | - Alfredo Palop
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos y del Equipamiento Agrícola, Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (ETSIA), Cartagena, Spain
| | - Pablo S. Fernandez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Alimentos y del Equipamiento Agrícola, Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (ETSIA), Cartagena, Spain
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