1
|
Insights into the Structures, Inhibitors, and Improvement Strategies of Glucose Oxidase. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179841. [PMID: 36077243 PMCID: PMC9456440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose oxidase, which uses molecular oxygen as an electron acceptor to specifically catalyze the conversion of β-d-glucose to gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), has been considered an important enzyme in increasing environmental sustainability and food security. However, achieving the high yield, low price and high activity required for commercial viability remains challenging. In this review, we first present a brief introduction, looking at the sources, characteristics, catalytic process, and applications of glucose oxidase. Then, the predictive structures of glucose oxidase from two different sources are comparatively discussed. We summarize the inhibitors of glucose oxidase. Finally, we highlight how the production of glucose oxidase can be improved by optimizing the culture conditions and microbial metabolic engineering.
Collapse
|
2
|
Liang Z, Yan Y, Zhang W, Luo H, Yao B, Huang H, Tu T. Review of glucose oxidase as a feed additive: production, engineering, applications, growth-promoting mechanisms, and outlook. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2022:1-18. [PMID: 35723581 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2057275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The regulation and prohibition of antibiotics used as growth promoters (AGP) in the feed field are increasing because they cause antimicrobial resistance and drug residue issues and threaten community health. Recently, glucose oxidase (GOx) has attracted increasing interest in the feed industry as an alternative to antibiotics. GOx specifically catalyzes the production of gluconic acid (GA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by consuming molecular oxygen, and plays an important role in relieving oxidative stress, preserving health, and promoting animal growth. To expand the application of GOx in the feed field, considerable efforts have been made to mine new genetic resources. Efforts have also been made to heterologously overexpress relevant genes to reduce production costs and to engineer proteins by modifying enzyme properties, both of which are bottleneck problems that limit industrial feed applications. Herein, the: different sources, diverse biochemical properties, distinct structural features, and various strategies of GOx engineering and heterologous overexpression are summarized. The mechanism through which GOx promotes growth in animal production, including the improvement of antioxidant capacity, maintenance of intestinal microbiota homeostasis, and enhancement of gut function, are also systematically addressed. Finally, a new perspective is provided for the future development of GOx applications in the feed field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yaru Yan
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huoqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang Y, Ghatge S, Ko Y, Yoon Y, Ahn JH, Kim JJ, Hur HG. Non-specific degradation of chloroacetanilide herbicides by glucose oxidase supported Bio-Fenton reaction. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133417. [PMID: 34954194 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bio-Fenton reaction supported by glucose oxidase (GOx) for producing H2O2 was applied to degrade persistent chloroacetanilide herbicides in the presence of Fe (Ⅲ)-citrate at pH 5.5. There were pH decrease to 4.3, the production of 8 mM H2O2 and simultaneous consumption to produce •OH radicals which non-specifically degraded the herbicides. The degradation rates followed the order acetochlor ≈ alachlor ≈ metolachlor > propachlor ≈ butachlor with the degradation percent of 72.8%, 73.4%, 74.0%, 47.4%, and 43.8%, respectively. During the Bio-Fenton degradation, alachlor was dechlorinated and filtered into catechol via the production of intermediates formed through a series of hydrogen atom abstraction and hydrogen oxide radical addition reactions. The current Bio-Fenton reaction leading to the production of •OH radicals could be applied for non-specific oxidative degradation to various persistent organic pollutants under in-situ environmental conditions, considering diverse microbial metabolic systems able to continuously supply H2O2 with ubiquitous Fe(II) and Fe(III) and citrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youri Yang
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunil Ghatge
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Ko
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Younggun Yoon
- Bioremediation Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Ahn
- Bioremediation Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Jun Kim
- Bioremediation Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hor-Gil Hur
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Glucose Oxidase, an Enzyme “Ferrari”: Its Structure, Function, Production and Properties in the Light of Various Industrial and Biotechnological Applications. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030472. [PMID: 35327664 PMCID: PMC8946809 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (GOx) is an important oxidoreductase enzyme with many important roles in biological processes. It is considered an “ideal enzyme” and is often called an oxidase “Ferrari” because of its fast mechanism of action, high stability and specificity. Glucose oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of β-d-glucose to d-glucono-δ-lactone and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of molecular oxygen. d-glucono-δ-lactone is sequentially hydrolyzed by lactonase to d-gluconic acid, and the resulting hydrogen peroxide is hydrolyzed by catalase to oxygen and water. GOx is presently known to be produced only by fungi and insects. The current main industrial producers of glucose oxidase are Aspergillus and Penicillium. An important property of GOx is its antimicrobial effect against various pathogens and its use in many industrial and medical areas. The aim of this review is to summarize the structure, function, production strains and biophysical and biochemical properties of GOx in light of its various industrial, biotechnological and medical applications.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Y, Li J, Zhao F, Zhang Y, Yang X, Lin Y, Han S. Methanol oxidase from Hansenula polymorpha shows activity in peroxisome-deficient Pichia pastoris. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
6
|
Huang L, Li X, Dong L, Wang B, Pan L. Profiling of chromatin accessibility identifies transcription factor binding sites across the genome of Aspergillus species. BMC Biol 2021; 19:189. [PMID: 34488759 PMCID: PMC8419926 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-021-01114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The identification of open chromatin regions and transcription factor binding sites (TFBs) is an important step in understanding the regulation of gene expression in diverse species. ATAC-seq is a technique used for such purpose by providing high-resolution measurements of chromatin accessibility revealed through integration of Tn5 transposase. However, the existence of cell walls in filamentous fungi and associated difficulty in purifying nuclei have precluded the routine application of this technique, leading to a lack of experimentally determined and computationally inferred data on the identity of genome-wide cis-regulatory elements (CREs) and TFBs. In this study, we constructed an ATAC-seq platform suitable for filamentous fungi and generated ATAC-seq libraries of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae grown under a variety of conditions. Results We applied the ATAC-seq assay for filamentous fungi to delineate the syntenic orthologue and differentially changed chromatin accessibility regions among different Aspergillus species, during different culture conditions, and among specific TF-deleted strains. The syntenic orthologues of accessible regions were responsible for the conservative functions across Aspergillus species, while regions differentially changed between culture conditions and TFs mutants drove differential gene expression programs. Importantly, we suggest criteria to determine TFBs through the analysis of unbalanced cleavage of distinct TF-bound DNA strands by Tn5 transposase. Based on this criterion, we constructed data libraries of the in vivo genomic footprint of A. niger under distinct conditions, and generated a database of novel transcription factor binding motifs through comparison of footprints in TF-deleted strains. Furthermore, we validated the novel TFBs in vivo through an artificial synthetic minimal promoter system. Conclusions We characterized the chromatin accessibility regions of filamentous fungi species, and identified a complete TFBs map by ATAC-seq, which provides valuable data for future analyses of transcriptional regulation in filamentous fungi. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-021-01114-0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianggang Huang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuejie Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Liangbo Dong
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Li Pan
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rapid determination of sucrose and glucose in microbial fermentation and fruit juice samples using engineered multi-enzyme biosensing microchip. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
8
|
Enhanced in vitro anticancer activity of yeast expressed recombinant glucose oxidase versus commercial enzyme. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:2377-2384. [PMID: 33616698 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatments continue to have many disadvantages. Reactive oxygen species, such as H2O2, in high concentrations, can cause cytotoxicity to cells, being even greater in cancer cells. One of the H2O2-producing enzymes is glucose oxidase; its application in cancer treatment should be explored. In this work, the extracellular expression of the mutated recombinant enzyme glucose oxidase was carried out in the eukaryotic expression system Pichia pastoris SMD1168, through the modification and optimization of the gox gene of Aspergillus niger to improve its expression in yeast and its purification. Also, the secretion signal of the alpha-mating factor from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was added to the gene for extracellular expression, and it was inserted into the expression vector pPIC3.5k. The extracellular expression of the enzyme facilitated purification by anion exchange chromatography; the purification was corroborated by SDS-PAGE, with a molecular weight of its subunit between 63 kDa and 100 kDa. The mutated recombinant enzyme glucose oxidase showed greater anticancer activity compared to the commercial glucose oxidase and could have potential for cancer treatment. KEY POINTS: • Pichia pastoris is an excellent eukaryotic expression system for proteins that need post-translational modifications. • Extracellular expression facilitates protein purification. • Glucose oxidase has potential application in cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
9
|
Yuan M, Ning C, Yang S, Liang Q, Mou H, Liu Z. A New Cold-Active Glucose Oxidase From Penicillium: High-Level Expression and Application in Fish Preservation. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:606007. [PMID: 33329498 PMCID: PMC7719636 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.606007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (GOx) with high enzyme activity at low temperature (4°C) is potentially useful for food preservation, especially for aquatic products preservation. A cold-active GOx with approximately 83% similarity to known protein sequences, was isolated from Penicillium sp. MX3343 and expressed in Pichia pastoris X33. Through high cell density fermentation, the yield of recombinant enzyme (named GOxP5) reached 458.6 U/mL. GOxP5 showed optimal activity at 30°C and pH 5.5, and was stable at a broad pH range from pH 2-6. Moreover, GOxP5 could maintain 72% maximum activity at 4°C, suggesting its application for the preservation of aquatic products at low-temperatures. Importantly, GOxP5 showed a good antimicrobial effect against common fish pathogenic bacteria (Listeria monocytogenes and Vibrio parahaemolyticus). Moreover, sensory, microbiological (total bacterial count), and physicochemical (total volatile basic nitrogen and pH) systematic analyses proved GOxP5 to be an excellent freshness preserving agent in the context of the grass carp. These favorable enzymatic properties of GOxP5 make it potentially useful in food biopreservation, and the effect was better compared to the commonly used chemical preservatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhemin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu Z, Yuan M, Zhang X, Liang Q, Yang M, Mou H, Zhu C. A thermostable glucose oxidase from Aspergillus heteromophus CBS 117.55 with broad pH stability and digestive enzyme resistance. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 176:105717. [PMID: 32745582 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the heterologous expression of an engineered thermostablle glucose oxidase from Aspergillus heteromophus CBS 117.55 was achieved in P. pastoris. This recombinant GoxAh was thermostable, with an optimal temperature range 25 °C-65 °C, and it was capable of retaining greater than 90% of its initial activity following a 10-min incubation at 75 °C. This enzyme had an optimum pH of 6.0, and it could retain above 80% of its initial activity following a 2-h incubation at a broad pH range (2.0-8.0). Moreover, GoxAh displayed excellent pepsin and trypsin resistance, and highly resistant to a range of tested metal ions and chemical reagents. These good properties make GoxAh a promising candidate for feed additive. The Km and kcat/Km values of GoxAh were 187 mM and 1.09/mM/s, which limited its widespread application to some degree. However, due to its excellent characteristics, GoxAh is still of potential economic value for high value-added areas, as well as a good initial enzyme for developing applicable feed enzyme by protein engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhemin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Mingxue Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Qingping Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Changliang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Characterization, stability improvement, and bread baking applications of a novel cold-adapted glucose oxidase from Cladosporium neopsychrotolerans SL16. Food Chem 2020; 310:125970. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
12
|
Fan S, Liang B, Xiao X, Bai L, Tang X, Lojou E, Cosnier S, Liu A. Controllable Display of Sequential Enzymes on Yeast Surface with Enhanced Biocatalytic Activity toward Efficient Enzymatic Biofuel Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3222-3230. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Fan
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Xiao
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lu Bai
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjiang Tang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, P. R. China
| | - Elisabeth Lojou
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, BIP, Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines UMR7281, 31 chemin Joseph Aiguier 13402 Marseille Cedex 20 France
| | - Serge Cosnier
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Département de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS, DCM UMR 5250, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Aihua Liu
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sützl L, Foley G, Gillam EMJ, Bodén M, Haltrich D. The GMC superfamily of oxidoreductases revisited: analysis and evolution of fungal GMC oxidoreductases. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:118. [PMID: 31168323 PMCID: PMC6509819 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glucose-methanol-choline (GMC) superfamily is a large and functionally diverse family of oxidoreductases that share a common structural fold. Fungal members of this superfamily that are characterised and relevant for lignocellulose degradation include aryl-alcohol oxidoreductase, alcohol oxidase, cellobiose dehydrogenase, glucose oxidase, glucose dehydrogenase, pyranose dehydrogenase, and pyranose oxidase, which together form family AA3 of the auxiliary activities in the CAZy database of carbohydrate-active enzymes. Overall, little is known about the extant sequence space of these GMC oxidoreductases and their phylogenetic relations. Although some individual forms are well characterised, it is still unclear how they compare in respect of the complete enzyme class and, therefore, also how generalizable are their characteristics. RESULTS To improve the understanding of the GMC superfamily as a whole, we used sequence similarity networks to cluster large numbers of fungal GMC sequences and annotate them according to functionality. Subsequently, different members of the GMC superfamily were analysed in detail with regard to their sequences and phylogeny. This allowed us to define the currently characterised sequence space and show that complete clades of some enzymes have not been studied in any detail to date. Finally, we interpret our results from an evolutionary perspective, where we could show, for example, that pyranose dehydrogenase evolved from aryl-alcohol oxidoreductase after a change in substrate specificity and that the cytochrome domain of cellobiose dehydrogenase was regularly lost during evolution. CONCLUSIONS This study offers new insights into the sequence variation and phylogenetic relationships of fungal GMC/AA3 sequences. Certain clades of these GMC enzymes identified in our phylogenetic analyses are completely uncharacterised to date, and might include enzyme activities of varying specificities and/or activities that are hitherto unstudied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leander Sützl
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Doctoral Programme BioToP-Biomolecular Technology of Proteins, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriel Foley
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Elizabeth M J Gillam
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mikael Bodén
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dietmar Haltrich
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Doctoral Programme BioToP-Biomolecular Technology of Proteins, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Improving the thermostability and catalytic efficiency of glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger by molecular evolution. Food Chem 2019; 281:163-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
15
|
Ma Y, Chi Z, Li YF, Jiang H, Liu GL, Hu Z, Chi ZM. Cloning, deletion, and overexpression of a glucose oxidase gene in Aureobasidium sp. P6 for Ca2+-gluconic acid overproduction. ANN MICROBIOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-018-1393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
16
|
Belyad F, Karkhanei AA, Raheb J. Expression, characterization and one step purification of heterologous glucose oxidase gene from Aspergillus niger ATCC 9029 in Pichia pastoris. EUPA OPEN PROTEOMICS 2018; 19:1-5. [PMID: 30197862 PMCID: PMC6126455 DOI: 10.1016/j.euprot.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucose Oxidase (GOD), is a common flavoprotein from Aspergillus niger ATCC 9029 with a broad application in biotechnology, food and medical industries. In this study, GOD gene was cloned into the expression vector, pPIC9 and screened by the alcohol oxidase promoter. The enzyme production increased at 28 °C. GOD activity induced by 1.0% methanol and the highest level of GOD production was the result of shaking rate at 225 rpm. The highest enzyme activity obtained at a pH value ranged from 5 to 7 at 50 °C. The enzyme was stable at a broad pH range and temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fakhry Belyad
- Molecular Medicine Department, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Karkhanei
- Bioprocess Engineering Department, Institute of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamshid Raheb
- Molecular Medicine Department, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author at: Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (Nigeb), Shahrak-e Pajoohesh, km 15, Tehran – Karaj Highway, P.O. Box 14965/161, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dubey MK, Zehra A, Aamir M, Meena M, Ahirwal L, Singh S, Shukla S, Upadhyay RS, Bueno-Mari R, Bajpai VK. Improvement Strategies, Cost Effective Production, and Potential Applications of Fungal Glucose Oxidase (GOD): Current Updates. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1032. [PMID: 28659876 PMCID: PMC5468390 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal glucose oxidase (GOD) is widely employed in the different sectors of food industries for use in baking products, dry egg powder, beverages, and gluconic acid production. GOD also has several other novel applications in chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, and other biotechnological industries. The electrochemical suitability of GOD catalyzed reactions has enabled its successful use in bioelectronic devices, particularly biofuel cells, and biosensors. Other crucial aspects of GOD such as improved feeding efficiency in response to GOD supplemental diet, roles in antimicrobial activities, and enhancing pathogen defense response, thereby providing induced resistance in plants have also been reported. Moreover, the medical science, another emerging branch where GOD was recently reported to induce several apoptosis characteristics as well as cellular senescence by downregulating Klotho gene expression. These widespread applications of GOD have led to increased demand for more extensive research to improve its production, characterization, and enhanced stability to enable long term usages. Currently, GOD is mainly produced and purified from Aspergillus niger and Penicillium species, but the yield is relatively low and the purification process is troublesome. It is practical to build an excellent GOD-producing strain. Therefore, the present review describes innovative methods of enhancing fungal GOD production by using genetic and non-genetic approaches in-depth along with purification techniques. The review also highlights current research progress in the cost effective production of GOD, including key advances, potential applications and limitations. Therefore, there is an extensive need to commercialize these processes by developing and optimizing novel strategies for cost effective GOD production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish K. Dubey
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Andleeb Zehra
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Mohd Aamir
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Mukesh Meena
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Laxmi Ahirwal
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, Dr. Hari Singh Gour UniversitySagar, India
| | - Siddhartha Singh
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, Dr. Hari Singh Gour UniversitySagar, India
| | - Shruti Shukla
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk UniversitySeoul, South Korea
| | - Ram S. Upadhyay
- Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi, India
| | - Ruben Bueno-Mari
- Research and Development (R+D) Department, Laboratorios LokímicaValencia, Spain
| | - Vivek K. Bajpai
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Halalipour A, Duff MR, Howell EE, Reyes-De-Corcuera JI. Glucose oxidase stabilization against thermal inactivation using high hydrostatic pressure and hydrophobic modification. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 114:516-525. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Halalipour
- Department of Food Science and Technology; University of Georgia; Food Science Building, 100 Cedar St. Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Michael R. Duff
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology; University of Tennessee; Knoxville Tennessee
| | - Elizabeth E. Howell
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology; University of Tennessee; Knoxville Tennessee
| | - José I. Reyes-De-Corcuera
- Department of Food Science and Technology; University of Georgia; Food Science Building, 100 Cedar St. Athens, Georgia 30602
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ozawa K, Iwasa H, Sasaki N, Kinoshita N, Hiratsuka A, Yokoyama K. Identification and characterization of thermostable glucose dehydrogenases from thermophilic filamentous fungi. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:173-183. [PMID: 27510979 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (FAD-GDH), which contains FAD as a cofactor, catalyzes the oxidation of D-glucose to D-glucono-1,5-lactone, and plays an important role in biosensors measuring blood glucose levels. In order to obtain a novel FAD-GDH gene homolog, we performed degenerate PCR screening of genomic DNAs from 17 species of thermophilic filamentous fungi. Two FAD-GDH gene homologs were identified and cloned from Talaromyces emersonii NBRC 31232 and Thermoascus crustaceus NBRC 9129. We then prepared the recombinant enzymes produced by Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris. Absorption spectra and enzymatic assays revealed that the resulting enzymes contained oxidized FAD as a cofactor and exhibited glucose dehydrogenase activity. The transition midpoint temperatures (T m) were 66.4 and 62.5 °C for glycosylated FAD-GDHs of T. emersonii and T. crustaceus prepared by using P. pastoris as a host, respectively. Therefore, both FAD-GDHs exhibited high thermostability. In conclusion, we propose that these thermostable FAD-GDHs could be ideal enzymes for use as thermotolerant glucose sensors with high accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazumichi Ozawa
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Hisanori Iwasa
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Noriko Sasaki
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Nao Kinoshita
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Atsunori Hiratsuka
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kenji Yokoyama
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan. .,School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0982, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Qiu Z, Guo Y, Bao X, Hao J, Sun G, Peng B, Bi W. Expression of Aspergillus niger glucose oxidase in yeast Pichia pastoris SMD1168. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2016.1193442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanjun Qiu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, PR China
| | - Yuanfang Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, College of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Jianrong Hao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Gaoying Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Bingyin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, College of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Wenxiang Bi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
High-Level Extracellular Production of Glucose Oxidase by Recombinant Pichia Pastoris Using a Combined Strategy. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:1429-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
22
|
Gu L, Zhang J, Du G, Chen J. Multivariate modular engineering of the protein secretory pathway for production of heterologous glucose oxidase in Pichia pastoris. Enzyme Microb Technol 2014; 68:33-42. [PMID: 25435503 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Limitations in protein production and secretion have been attributed to the inefficient folding rate of overexpressed proteins and the cellular response to the presence of overexpressed proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this study, we improved the yield of glucose oxidase (GOD) by manipulating genes involved in protein folding machinery and abnormal folding stress responses. First, genes with folding and secretion functions were used to modulate the folding rate of GOD in the ER and its secretion level in the cytoplasm. Next, the potential benefits of the ERAD elements were determined. Cellular resistance to ER derived stress was then strengthened by overexpressing the stress response gene GCN4. Furthermore, a module combination strategy, which co-expressed the SEC53, CNE1 and GCN4 genes, was employed to construct the Pichia pastoris strain S17. This increased the yield of GOD to 21.81g/L, with an activity of 1972.9U/mL, which were 2.53- and 5.11-fold higher, respectively, than the control strain. The work described here improved GOD production significantly, and the strategies employed in this study provide novel information for the large-scale production of heterologous proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Guocheng Du
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jian Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Meng Y, Zhao M, Yang M, Zhang Q, Hao J, Meng Y. Production and characterization of recombinant glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger expressed in Pichia pastoris. Lett Appl Microbiol 2014; 58:393-400. [PMID: 24283586 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Recombinant glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger expressed in Pichia pastoris by fed-batch fermentation was purified and assessed with 1·26 purification fold to homogeneity using Q-Sepharose F.F. chromatography. The enzyme was determined by SDS-PAGE and gradient PAGE, which showed a dimeric form of 150 kDa. The purified rGOD was proved to be a glycoprotein, and the content of which was estimated to be 36·7 and 25·14% by phenol-sulfuric acid and anthrone-sulfuric acid methods. Characteristics demonstrated that the highest activity was in pH 6·0 at 40°C and was stable at a broad pH range from 4·0 to 9·0 at 55°C or below. The optimum substrate for this enzyme was d-glucose, and the Km was 21·06 mmol l(-1) as well as the Vmax was 359 μmol min(-1) mg(-1). rGOD possessed high resistance to various chemicals except for Hg(2+), Fe(2+), Ag(+), Cu(2+), 1,4-dithiothreitol, sodium dodecyl sulfate and ascorbic acid. In addition, the inhibitors also exhibited intensive fluorescence quenching effect on rGOD. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Glucose oxidase is a very important enzyme produced by several species. However, large-scale applications have always been postponed by its complexity in fermentation and purification. Our research focused on developing new purification strategy of recombinant GOD from A. niger expressed in P. pastoris. Here, we described this novel one-step purification method and subsequent research in the characteristics of rGOD which showed different results from previous work. These can open new opportunities to increase its application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Meng
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
RAMANAVICIUS A, VORONOVIC J, SEMASHKO T, MIKHAILOVA R, KAUSAITE-MINKSTIMIENE A, RAMANAVICIENE A. Comparison of Glucose Oxidases from Penicillium Adametzii, Penicillium Funiculosum and Aspergillus Niger in the Design of Amperometric Glucose Biosensors. ANAL SCI 2014; 30:1143-9. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.30.1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arunas RAMANAVICIUS
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Vilnius University
- Laboratory of Bionanotechnology, Semiconductor Physics Institute, State Research Institute Center for Physical and Technological Sciences
| | - Jaroslav VORONOVIC
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Vilnius University
- Division of Immunology, State Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine
| | | | | | - Asta KAUSAITE-MINKSTIMIENE
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Vilnius University
- Division of Immunology, State Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine
| | - Almira RAMANAVICIENE
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Vilnius University
- Division of Immunology, State Research Institute Center for Innovative Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kovačević G, Blažić M, Draganić B, Ostafe R, Gavrović-Jankulović M, Fischer R, Prodanović R. Cloning, Heterologous Expression, Purification and Characterization of M12 Mutant of Aspergillus niger Glucose Oxidase in Yeast Pichia pastoris KM71H. Mol Biotechnol 2013; 56:305-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-013-9709-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
26
|
Wang H, Lang Q, Li L, Liang B, Tang X, Kong L, Mascini M, Liu A. Yeast Surface Displaying Glucose Oxidase as Whole-Cell Biocatalyst: Construction, Characterization, and Its Electrochemical Glucose Sensing Application. Anal Chem 2013; 85:6107-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ac400979r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Wang
- Laboratory for Biosensing, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology and Key Laboratory of Bioenergy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory
of Crop
Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Qiaolin Lang
- Laboratory for Biosensing, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology and Key Laboratory of Bioenergy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- Laboratory for Biosensing, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology and Key Laboratory of Bioenergy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Liang
- Laboratory for Biosensing, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology and Key Laboratory of Bioenergy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangjiang Tang
- Laboratory for Biosensing, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology and Key Laboratory of Bioenergy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingrang Kong
- State Key Laboratory
of Crop
Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Marco Mascini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia,
3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Aihua Liu
- Laboratory for Biosensing, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology and Key Laboratory of Bioenergy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Blazic M, Kovacevic G, Prodanovic O, Ostafe R, Gavrovic-Jankulovic M, Fischer R, Prodanovic R. Yeast surface display for the expression, purification and characterization of wild-type and B11 mutant glucose oxidases. Protein Expr Purif 2013; 89:175-80. [PMID: 23562736 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2013.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (GOx) catalyzes the oxidation of glucose to form gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide, a reaction with important applications in food preservation, the manufacture of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, and the development of glucose monitoring devices and biofuel cells. We expressed Aspergillus niger wild type GOx and the B11 mutant, which has twice the activity of the wild type enzyme at pH 5.5, as C-terminal fusions with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Aga2 protein, allowing the fusion proteins to be displayed on the surface of yeast EBY100 cells. After expression, we extracted the proteins from the yeast cell wall and purified them by ion-exchange chromatography and ultrafiltration. This produced a broad 100-140kDa band by denaturing SDS-PAGE and a high-molecular-weight band by native PAGE corresponding to the activity band revealed by zymography. The wild type and B11 fusion proteins had kcat values of 33.3 and 61.3s(-1) and Km values for glucose of 33.4 and 27.9mM, respectively. The pH optimum for both enzymes was 5.0. The kinetic properties of the fusion proteins displayed the same ratio as their native counterparts, confirming that yeast surface display is suitable for the high-throughput directed evolution of GOx using flow cytometry for selection. Aga2-GOx fusion proteins in the yeast cell wall could also be used as immobilized catalysts for the production of gluconic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Blazic
- Center for Chemistry IHTM, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gao Z, Li Z, Zhang Y, Huang H, Li M, Zhou L, Tang Y, Yao B, Zhang W. High-level expression of the Penicillium notatum glucose oxidase gene in Pichia pastoris using codon optimization. Biotechnol Lett 2011; 34:507-14. [PMID: 22052258 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-011-0790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The glucose oxidase (GOD) gene from Penicillium notatum was expressed in Pichia pastoris. The 1,815 bp gene, god-w, encodes 604 amino acids. Recombinant GOD-w had optimal activity at 35-40°C and pH 6.2 and was stable, from pH 3 to 7 maintaining >75% maximum activity after incubation at 50°C for 1 h. GOD-w worked as well as commercial GODs to improve bread making. To achieve high-level expression of recombinant GOD in P. pastoris, 272 nucleotides involving 228 residues were mutated, consistent with the codon bias of P. pastoris. The optimized recombinant GOD-m yielded 615 U ml(-1) (2.5 g protein l(-1)) in a 3 l fermentor--410% higher than GOD-w (148 U ml(-1)), and thus is a low-cost alternative for the bread baking industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Gao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|