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Zhao K, Wang X, Yue X, Lv J, Xu X, Lu H, Zuo J, Xu X, Chen B, Yuan S, Wang Q. A comprehensive physiological and -Omic analysis of trypsin-mediated protection of green pepper fruits from chilling injury. Food Chem 2024; 460:140547. [PMID: 39068792 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Chilling injury (CI) in green pepper fruits during low-temperature storage causes a significant decline in quality. The present study utilized physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses to idneitfy the mechanisms by which trypsin mitigates CI in green peppers stored at 4 °C for 8 days, followed by 3 days of shelf life. Results indicated that the trypsin treatment significantly reduced electrolyte leakage and the CI index in peppers, effectively extending their shelf life and preserving postharvest quality. After 4 days of storage, comparative -omic analyses identified 2514 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 397 differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) between trypsin-treated and control peppers. The trypsin treatment induced changes in sugar metabolism, modulating the expression of HK, SUS, INV, and GLGC, which affected the abundance of metabolites such as CDP-glucose and α-D-p-glucose. Trypsin also enhanced carotenoid metabolism, altering the abundance of rhodopinal glucoside, 1'-hydroxyl-γ-carotene glucoside, and farnesyl 1-PP, and influencing the expression of PDS, CRTH, CRTB, and LUT5. Notably, the trypsin treatment activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway that plays an integral role in the signal transduction of abiotic stress. Differential expression of FLS2, ELF18, PTO, PR1, PTI5, WPKY, MEKK1, and MPK6 genes in the MAPK pathway was observed, which was correlated with CI mitigation in green peppers during cold storage. In conclusion, trypsin is an effective treatment for reducing CI in green peppers during cold storage. The present study provides valuable insights into its physiological and molecular impact on green pepper fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xuanqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaozhen Yue
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Jieyu Lv
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaodi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Hongshan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Jinhua Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xiangbin Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
| | - Shuzhi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agri-food Processing and Nutrition, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
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2
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Wang J, Tian P, Sun J, Li B, Jia J, Yuan J, Li X, Gu S, Pang X. CsMYC2 is involved in the regulation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis induced by trypsin in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) during storage. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:65-74. [PMID: 36701992 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Trypsin has a new activity of scavenging superoxide anion and generating hydrogen peroxide. Trypsin can significantly improve the storage quality of C. sativus. To illustrate the mechanism of trypsin-induced resistance in fruits and vegetables, an integrated analysis of widely targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics was carried out. Transcriptomic results showed that 1068 genes highly related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis gathered in the brown module were obtained by WGCNA. In KEGG analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were also highly enriched in EIP (Environmental Information Processing) pathways "Plant hormone signal transduction (map04075)" and "MAPK signaling pathway-plant (map04016)". Next, 87 genes were identified as the leading edge by GSEA analysis. So far, CsMYC2 was highlighted as a key transcription factor that regulates phenylpropanoid biosynthesis identified by GSEA and WGCNA. Furthermore, the major route of biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid compounds including coumarins, lignins, chlorogenic acid, flavonoids, and derivatives regulated by trypsin was also illustrated by both transcriptomic and metabolomic data. Results of O2PLS showed that CsMYC2 was positively correlated with Rosmarinic acid-3-O-glucoside, Epigallocatechin, Quercetin-3-O-sophoroside (Baimaside), and so on. Correlation between CsMYC2, phenylpropanoid related genes, and metabolites in C. sativus was illustrated by co-expression networks. Roles of CsMYC2 were further checked in C. sativus by VIGS. The results of this study might give new insight into the exploration of the postharvest resistance mechanism of C. sativus induced by trypsin and provide useful information for the subsequent mining of resistance genes in C. sativus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Pingping Tian
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Jiaju Sun
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Bairu Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Jingyu Jia
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Jiangfeng Yuan
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, Luoyang, 471023, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education, Luoyang, 471000, China.
| | - Shaobin Gu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
| | - Xinyue Pang
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
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3
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Li X, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Li B, Sun J, Gu S, Pang X. Lipid metabolism regulated by superoxide scavenger trypsin in
Hylocereus undatus
through multi‐omics analyses. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14144. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Utilization Luoyang China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education Luoyang China
| | - Yinyin Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Ying Wu
- College of Food and Bioengineering Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Bairu Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Jiaju Sun
- College of Food and Bioengineering Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Shaobin Gu
- College of Food and Bioengineering Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
| | - Xinyue Pang
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang China
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4
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Li X, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Li B, Cai L, Pang X. Omics analyses indicate the routes of lignin related metabolites regulated by trypsin during storage of pitaya (Hylocereus undatus). Genomics 2021; 113:3681-3695. [PMID: 34509619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The storage quality of Hylocereus undatus was significantly improved by trypsin, a novel preservative. The transcriptomic results revealed that antioxidant signal pathways were induced, while lignin catabolic process was impeded by trypsin. In addition, the results of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network networks suggested that flavone 3'-O-methyltransferase 1 (OMT1), ferulic acid 5-hydroxylase 1 (CYP84A1), cellulose synthase isomer (CEV1), and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase 3 (4CL3) act as hubs of peroxidases, lignin related proteins, and proteins involved in the phenylpropanoid metabolism (PLPs) induced by trypsin. Trypsin also regulated the biosynthesis of lignin, chlorogenic acid, and flavonoids. Caffeic acid might be the hub in the metabolic network of the early pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. It has been hypothesized that trypsin might quickly induce lignin biosynthesis and then up-regulated bioactive metabolites to enhance storage quality of H. undatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Luoyang 471023, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Yinyin Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Shoujing Zhao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Bairu Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Luning Cai
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Xinyue Pang
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
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5
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Pang X, Zhao S, Zhang M, Cai L, Zhang Y, Li X. Catechin gallate acts as a key metabolite induced by trypsin in Hylocereus undatus during storage indicated by omics. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 158:497-507. [PMID: 33257230 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Trypsin is a novel superoxide scavenger. The storage quality of H. undatus was significantly improved by trypsin. To investigate the mechanism of flavonoid metabolism regulated by trypsin, combined analysis of widely targeted metabolomic and transcriptome were performed. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the transcriptome profiles of H. undatus revealed that some of the flavonoid related biosynthesis pathways were regulated by up or down patterns with the treatment of trypsin. Correlation analysis of flavonoid related genes expression in H. undatus provided a rationale for the functional significance of them. Furthermore, it has been revealed that the most significantly regulated flavonoid was catechin gallate in metabolomic profiles of H. undatus. The major route of flavonoid biosynthesis regulated by trypsin was also illustrated by both transcriptomic and metabolomic data. Finally, the results of PPI network revealed that C4H, HCT, and CYP75B1 acted as hub proteins involved in flavonoid metabolism regulated by trypsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Pang
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Shoujing Zhao
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Luning Cai
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Yinyin Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education, Luoyang, 471000, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
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6
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Li X, Li B, Guan S, Cai L, Xinyue P. Hub genes and sub-networks of stoma-related genes in Hylocereus undatus through trypsin treatment during storage revealed by transcriptomic analysis. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13538. [PMID: 33152799 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To further investigate the preservation mechanisms of trypsin, the synergistic mechanisms of trypsin and stoma-related genes were evaluated in Hylocereus undatus. Trypsin significantly induced the stoma closure and improved the storage quality of H. undatus. Transcriptomic analyses of H. undatus revealed that important antioxidant signal pathway, such as SREBP signaling pathway, cellular response to H2 O2 or cellular response to molecule of bacterial origin, were induced; while responses to water deprivation were impeded by trypsin. These results indicated that trypsin relieved pitaya of pressure of water deprivation and exhibited the protection on pitaya during storage. Furthermore, the analyses of networks of protein-protein interaction suggested that OST1, HK5, AT4G27585, and HIR1 act as hubs of stoma-related proteins induced by trypsin during storage of H. undatus. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Preservation of fruit is becoming increasingly important to the world. Keep the balance of production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species is efficient to improve the storage quality of fruit. Trypsin had a novel superoxide anion scavenging activity and protect fruit cells from cellular injury induced by excess ROS. This article investigates the hub genes and interaction mechanisms of stoma closure induced by trypsin during the storage of H. undatus. The application of trypsin provides a new strategy for the quality control of fruit storage. Trypsin will have a broad market and development potential in the area of food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, Luoyang, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Food Processing and Safety Education, Luoyang, China
| | - Bairu Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Suixia Guan
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Luning Cai
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Pang Xinyue
- Medical Technology and Engineering College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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7
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Li X, Liu X, Pang X, Yin Y, Yu H, Yuan Y, Li B. Transcriptomic analysis reveals hub genes and subnetworks related to ROS metabolism in Hylocereus undatus through novel superoxide scavenger trypsin treatment during storage. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:437. [PMID: 32590938 PMCID: PMC7318492 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-06850-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It was demonstrated in our previous research that trypsin scavenges superoxide anions. In this study, the mechanisms of storage quality improvement by trypsin were evaluated in H. undatus. RESULTS Trypsin significantly delayed the weight loss and decreased the levels of ROS and membrane lipid peroxidation. Transcriptome profiles of H. undatus treated with trypsin revealed the pathways and regulatory mechanisms of ROS genes that were up- or downregulated following trypsin treatment by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) enrichment analyses. The current results showed that through the regulation of the expression of hub redox enzymes, especially thioredoxin-related proteins, trypsin can maintain low levels of endogenous active oxygen species, reduce malondialdehyde content and delay fruit aging. In addition, the results of protein-protein interaction networks suggested that the downregulated NAD(P) H and lignin pathways might be the key regulatory mechanisms governed by trypsin. CONCLUSIONS Trypsin significantly prolonged the storage life of H. undatus through regulatory on the endogenous ROS metabolism. As a new biopreservative, trypsin is highly efficient, safe and economical. Therefore, trypsin possesses technical feasibility for the quality control of fruit storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang city, 471023, Henan, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 455000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China. .,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Xueru Liu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang city, 471023, Henan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 455000, China
| | - Xinyue Pang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.,College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Yong Yin
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang city, 471023, Henan, China
| | - Huichun Yu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang city, 471023, Henan, China
| | - Yunxia Yuan
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang city, 471023, Henan, China
| | - Bairu Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, No. 263, Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District, Luoyang city, 471023, Henan, China
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8
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Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Cu/Zn SODs Acting as Hub Genes of SODs in Hylocereus undatus Induced by Trypsin during Storage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020162. [PMID: 32079316 PMCID: PMC7070240 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been revealed by us that superoxide scavenging is a new activity of trypsin. In this study, the synergistic mechanisms of trypsin and superoxide dismutases (SODs) were evaluated in Hylocereus undatus (pitaya). Trypsin significantly improved the storage quality of H. undatus, including weight loss impediment and decrease of cellular injury. The regulatory mechanisms of 16 SOD genes by trypsin were revealed using transcriptomic analysis on H. undatus. Results revealed that important physiological metabolisms, such as antioxidant activities or metal ion transport were induced, and defense responses were inhibited by trypsin. Furthermore, the results of protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks showed that besides the entire ROS network, the tiny SODs sub-network was also a scale-free network. Cu/Zn SODs acted as the hub that SODs synergized with trypsin during the storage of H. undatus.
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9
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Li X, Liu X, Yin Y, Yu H, Zhang M, Jing H, Ma Y, Xiong X, Pang X. Transcriptomic analysis reveals key genes related to antioxidant mechanisms of Hylocereus undatus quality improvement by trypsin during storage. Food Funct 2019; 10:8116-8128. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00809h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The synergistic effect of trypsin with antioxidant enzymes can improve the storage quality of H. undatus. Transcriptomic analysis and PPI network indicated that CAT is the key one among the enzymes of the complicated antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology
| | - Xueru Liu
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- China
| | - Yong Yin
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- China
| | - Huichun Yu
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- China
| | - Haonan Jing
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- China
| | - Yingchao Ma
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- China
| | - Xianlang Xiong
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- China
| | - Xinyue Pang
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang 471003
- China
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10
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Li X, Zhong Y, Pang X, Yuan Y, Liu Y, Zhang Z. Trypsin and ascorbic acid have a synergistic effect on the quality of apple processing by protecting apple cells from oxidative damage. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang Henan China
- Luoyang Engineering and Technology Research Center of Microbial Fermentation; Luoyang Henan China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology; Henan University; Kaifeng China
| | - Yongliang Zhong
- College of Food and Bioengineering; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang Henan China
| | - Xinyue Pang
- Medical Technology and Engineering College; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang Henan China
| | - Yunxia Yuan
- College of Food and Bioengineering; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang Henan China
- Luoyang Engineering and Technology Research Center of Microbial Fermentation; Luoyang Henan China
| | - Yunhong Liu
- College of Food and Bioengineering; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang Henan China
| | - Zhishuai Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang Henan China
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11
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Li X, Zhong Y, Zhao C. Trypsin Binding with Copper Ions Scavenges Superoxide: Molecular Dynamics-Based Mechanism Investigation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15010139. [PMID: 29342974 PMCID: PMC5800238 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Trypsin is a serine protease, which has been proved to be a novel superoxide scavenger. The burst of superoxide induced by polychlorinated biphenyls can be impeded by trypsin in both wild type and sod knockout mutants of Escherichia coli. The experimental results demonstrated that the activities of superoxide scavenging of trypsin were significantly accelerated by Cu ions. Also, with the addition of Cu ions, a new β-sheet (β7) transited from a random coil in the Cu(II)-trypsin (TP) system, which was favorable for the formation of more contacts with other sheets of trypsin. Residue–residue network analysis and the porcupine plots proved that the Cu ion in trypsin strengthened some native interactions among residues, which ultimately resulted in much greater stability of the Cu(II)-TP system. Moreover, compact and stable trypsin structures with Cu ions might be responsible for significantly provoking the activity of superoxide scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yongliang Zhong
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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