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Ataş AD, Akın-Polat Z, Gülpınar DG, Şahin N. The first evaluation of the in vitro effects of silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes on Encephalitozoon intestinalis and Leishmania major promastigotes. J Biol Inorg Chem 2024; 29:499-509. [PMID: 38918208 PMCID: PMC11343777 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-024-02063-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Encephalitozoon intestinalis is an opportunistic microsporidian parasite that primarily infects immunocompromised individuals, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing organ transplantation. Leishmaniasis is responsible for parasitic infections, particularly in developing countries. The disease has not been effectively controlled due to the lack of an effective vaccine and affordable treatment options. Current treatment options for E. intestinalis infection and leishmaniasis are limited and often associated with adverse side effects. There is no previous study in the literature on the antimicrosporidial activities of Ag(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene compounds. In this study, the in vitro antimicrosporidial activities of previously synthesized Ag(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes were evaluated using E. intestinalis spores cultured in human renal epithelial cell lines (HEK-293). Inhibition of microsporidian replication was determined by spore counting. In addition, the effects of the compounds on Leishmania major promastigotes were assessed by measuring metabolic activity or cell viability using a tetrazolium reaction. Statistical analysis was performed to determine significant differences between treated and control groups. Our results showed that the growth of E. intestinalis and L. major promastigotes was inhibited by the tested compounds in a concentration-dependent manner. A significant decrease in parasite viability was observed at the highest concentrations. These results suggest that the compounds have potential anti-microsporidial and anti-leishmanial activity. Further research is required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action and to evaluate the efficacy of the compounds in animal models or clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Duran Ataş
- Departments of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Zübeyda Akın-Polat
- Departments of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Derya Gül Gülpınar
- Departments of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, 58140, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Şahin
- Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Cumhuriyet University, 58040, Sivas, Turkey.
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2
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Wang X, Cong J, Zhang L, Han Z, Jiang X, Yu L. Antiultraviolet, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties and Anticancer Potential of Novel Environmentally Friendly Amide-Modified Gallic Acid Derivatives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:15352-15362. [PMID: 37802117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols and amides isolated from natural products have various biological functions, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and antiviral activities, and they are widely used in the fields of food and medicine. In this work, four novel and environmentally friendly amide-modified gallic acid derivatives (AMGADs), which were prepared by using different amides to modify gallic acid (GA) from Polygonaceae plants, displayed good antiultraviolet (anti-UV), antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. Significantly, the anti-UV capability of compounds n1 and n2 was notably superior to that of the UV absorber GA. Moreover, compound n2 possessed better 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) scavenging ability and ferric reducing antioxidant power than vitamin C. The antibacterial activities of all AMGADs, with inhibition rates of more than 96.00 and 79.00% for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, were better than those of GA. Compound n1 had broad-spectrum anticancer activity, and its inhibitory effect on HepG2 cells exceeded that of 5-fluorouracil. The good and rich bioactivities of these AMGADs revealed that combining GA with amides is conducive to improving the activity of GA, and this study laid a good foundation for their scientific application in the fields of food and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Information of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Jinyue Cong
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Information of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Linghui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Information of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Zhicheng Han
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Information of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Xiaohui Jiang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liangmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and Information of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266100, China
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3
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Second and third-row transition metal compounds containing benzimidazole ligands: An overview of their anticancer and antitumour activity. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Hkiri S, Coşkun KA, Üstün E, Samarat A, Tutar Y, Şahin N, Sémeril D. Silver(I) Complexes Based on Oxadiazole-Functionalized α-Aminophosphonate: Synthesis, Structural Study, and Biological Activities. Molecules 2022; 27:8131. [PMID: 36500224 PMCID: PMC9738469 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two silver(I) complexes, bis{diethyl[(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl-κN3:κN4-amino) (4-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]phosphonate-(tetrafluoroborato-κF)}-di-silver(I) and tetrakis-{diethyl[(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl-κN3-amino)(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]phosphonate} silver(I) tetrafluoroborate, were prepared starting from the diethyl[(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl-amino)(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]phosphonate (1) ligand and AgBF4 salt in Ag/ligand ratios of 1/1 and 1/4, respectively. The structure, stoichiometry, and geometry of the silver complexes were fully characterized by elemental analyses, infrared, single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies, multinuclear NMR, and mass spectroscopies. The binuclear complex ([Ag2(1)2(BF4)2]; 2) crystallizes in the monoclinic asymmetric space group P21/c and contains two silver atoms adopting a {AgN2F} planar trigonal geometry, which are simultaneously bridged by two oxadiazole rings of two ligands, while the mononuclear complex ([Ag(1)4]BF4; 3) crystallizes in the non-usual cubic space group Fd-3c in which the silver atom binds to four distinct electronically enriched nitrogen atoms of the oxadiazole ring, in a slightly distorted {AgN4} tetrahedral geometry. The α-aminophosphonate and the monomeric silver complex were evaluated in vitro against MCF-7 and PANC-1 cell lines. The silver complex is promising as a drug candidate for breast cancer and the pancreatic duct with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 8.3 ± 1.0 and 14.4 ± 0.6 μM, respectively. Additionally, the interactions of the ligand and the mononuclear complex with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 and DNA were evaluated by molecular docking methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaima Hkiri
- Synthèse Organométallique et Catalyse, UMR-CNRS 7177, University of Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratory of Hetero-Organic Compounds and Nanostructured Materials (LR18ES11), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Kübra Açıkalın Coşkun
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of İstanbul Aydın, Istanbul 34295, Turkey
| | - Elvan Üstün
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Science, University of Ordu, Ordu 52200, Turkey
| | - Ali Samarat
- Laboratory of Hetero-Organic Compounds and Nanostructured Materials (LR18ES11), Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia
| | - Yusuf Tutar
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences-Turkey, Istanbul 34668, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Şahin
- Department of Science Education, Faculty of Education, University of Cumhuriyet, Sivas 58140, Turkey
| | - David Sémeril
- Synthèse Organométallique et Catalyse, UMR-CNRS 7177, University of Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg, France
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5
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Synthesis, molecular docking and anticancer potential of azolium based salts and their silver complexes: DNA/BSA interaction studies and cell cycle analysis. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mariconda A, Iacopetta D, Sirignano M, Ceramella J, Costabile C, Pellegrino M, Rosano C, Catalano A, Saturnino C, El‐Kashef H, Aquaro S, Sinicropi MS, Longo P. N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Silver Complexes as Versatile Chemotherapeutic Agents Targeting Human Topoisomerases and Actin. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200345. [PMID: 35904129 PMCID: PMC9804882 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of people suffering from cancer has risen rapidly and the World Health Organization and U.S. and European governments have identified this pathology as a priority issue. It is known that most bioactive anticancer molecules do not target a single protein but exert pleiotropic effects, simultaneously affecting multiple pathways. In our study, we designed and synthesized a new series of silver N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes [(NHC)2 Ag]+ [AgX2 ]- (X=iodide or acetate). The new complexes were active against two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. These compounds showed multiple target actions as anticancer, by inhibiting in vitro the activity of the human topoisomerases I and II and interfering with the cytoskeleton dynamic, as also confirmed by in silico studies. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of these silver complexes was studied against Gram-positive/negative bacteria. These dual properties provide a two-tiered approach, making these compounds of interest to be further deepened for the development of new chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annaluisa Mariconda
- Department of ScienceUniversity of BasilicataViale dell'Ateneo Lucano 1085100PotenzaItaly
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of PharmacyHealthand Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaVia Pietro Bucci87036Arcavacata diRendeItaly
| | - Marco Sirignano
- Department of Chemistry and BiologyUniversity of SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II, 132Fisciano84084Italy
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of PharmacyHealthand Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaVia Pietro Bucci87036Arcavacata diRendeItaly
| | - Chiara Costabile
- Department of Chemistry and BiologyUniversity of SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II, 132Fisciano84084Italy
| | - Michele Pellegrino
- Department of PharmacyHealthand Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaVia Pietro Bucci87036Arcavacata diRendeItaly
| | - Camillo Rosano
- Biopolymers and Proteomics IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino – ISTLargo R. Benzi 1016132GenovaItaly
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug SciencesUniversity of Bari “Aldo Moro”Via Edoardo Orabona 470126BariItaly
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of ScienceUniversity of BasilicataViale dell'Ateneo Lucano 1085100PotenzaItaly
| | | | - Stefano Aquaro
- Department of PharmacyHealthand Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaVia Pietro Bucci87036Arcavacata diRendeItaly
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of PharmacyHealthand Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaVia Pietro Bucci87036Arcavacata diRendeItaly
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Chemistry and BiologyUniversity of SalernoVia Giovanni Paolo II, 132Fisciano84084Italy
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Nadeem RY, Yaqoob M, Yam W, Haque RA, Iqbal MA. Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of Bis-benzimidazolium salts and their silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02942-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Kadafour AN, Ibrahim H, Bala MD. Synthesis, characterization and application of new imino-functionalized 1,3-diazolium salts as antimicrobial agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Raducka A, Świątkowski M, Korona-Głowniak I, Kaproń B, Plech T, Szczesio M, Gobis K, Szynkowska-Jóźwik MI, Czylkowska A. Zinc Coordination Compounds with Benzimidazole Derivatives: Synthesis, Structure, Antimicrobial Activity and Potential Anticancer Application. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126595. [PMID: 35743039 PMCID: PMC9224258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing new, smart drugs with the anticancer activity is crucial, especially for cancers, which cause the highest mortality in humans. In this paper we describe a series of coordination compounds with the element of health, zinc, and bioactive ligands, benzimidazole derivatives. By way of synthesis we have obtained four compounds named C1, C2, C4 and C4. Analytical analyses (elemental analysis (EA), flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS)), spectroscopic (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), mass spectrometry (MS)) and thermogravimetric (TG) methods and the definition of crystal structures were used to explore the nature of bonding and to elucidate the chemical structures. The collected analytical data allowed the determination of the stoichiometry in coordination compounds, thermal stability, crystal structure and way of bonding. The cytotoxicity effect of the new compounds as a potential antitumor agent on the glioblastoma (T98G), neuroblastoma (SK-N-AS) and lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cell lines and human normal skin fibroblasts (CCD-1059Sk) was also determined. Cell viability was determined by the MTT assay. The results obtained confirmed that conversion of ligands into the respective metal complexes significantly improved their anticancer properties. The complexes were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities. The ADME technique was used to determine the physicochemical and biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Raducka
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland; (M.Ś.); (M.S.); (M.I.S.-J.)
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Marcin Świątkowski
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland; (M.Ś.); (M.S.); (M.I.S.-J.)
| | - Izabela Korona-Głowniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Barbara Kaproń
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwilłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Plech
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Szczesio
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland; (M.Ś.); (M.S.); (M.I.S.-J.)
| | - Katarzyna Gobis
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Iwona Szynkowska-Jóźwik
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland; (M.Ś.); (M.S.); (M.I.S.-J.)
| | - Agnieszka Czylkowska
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland; (M.Ś.); (M.S.); (M.I.S.-J.)
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (A.C.)
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10
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Zin NFHM, Shyen SOY, Khor BK, Chear NJY, Tang WK, Siu CK, Razali MR, Haque RA, Yam W. Cytotoxicity of asymmetric mononuclear silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes against human cervical cancer: Synthesis, crystal structure, DFT calculations and effect of substituents. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Chaudhary S, Altaf MF, Latif S, Imran M, Hasnain M, Iqbal MA. In-situ synthesis of mercury(II)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes by using “oxide route”, structural characterization and their photo-catalytic degradation activity for dyes. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Hussaini SY, Haque RA, Haziz UF, Amirul A, Razali M. Dinuclear silver(I)- and gold(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of N-alkyl substituted bis-benzimidazol-2-ylidenes with aliphatic spacer: Synthesis, characterizations and antibacterial studies. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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13
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Design, DFT studies, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of Binuclear N-heterocyclic Carbene (NHCs) complexes, Probing the aspect of DNA interaction through In-vitro and In-silico approach. Comput Biol Chem 2021; 95:107591. [PMID: 34702631 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2021.107591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) adducts have shown remarkable biological potential for numerous medical applications. With an aim to improve biological potential of benzimidazolium salts, newer analogues of benzimidazole and their silver complexes were synthesized and characterized. Synthesized salts (L1-L2) and silver complexes (C1-C2) were confirmed through elemental analysis, UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, 1H NMR & 13C NMR spectroscopy. The compounds C1 & C2 were found stable in solution form for studied time period when examined spectroscopically and showed optimum lipophilicity when measured for their partition coefficient through flask shake method. Synthesized compounds showed good antimicrobial potential against gram positive bacterial strain S. Aureus with IC50 2.02±0.12 and 2.11±0.13 µM respectively while 2.11±0.1 and 2.28±0.17 µM against gram negative bacterial strain E. Coli for C1 and C2 respectively. The interaction study of the related compounds with DNA was predicted by molecular docking study, which confirmed that the studied compound C1 (-8.04 kcal/mol) has a higher binding energy than compound C2 (-4.23 kcal/mol); Also, the compound C1 exhibits a better affinity against to DNA than Ethidium bromide (-7.68 kcal/mol) and cisplatin (-6.21 kcal/mol).The claim was practically assured through spectroscopic and viscometeric method which confirmed that compounds have good affinity for DNA with binding constant kb, 5.78×104 M-1 and 6.84×104 M-1 for C1 and C2 respectively.
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Serdaroğlu G, Şahin N, Şahin-Bölükbaşı S, Üstün E. Novel Ag(I)-NHC complex: synthesis, in vitro cytotoxic activity, molecular docking, and quantum chemical studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 77:21-36. [PMID: 34225394 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2021-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The importance of organometallic complexes in cancer biology has attracted attention in recent years. In this paper, we look for the in vitro cytotoxic capability of novel benzimidazole-based N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursor (1) and its Ag(I)-NHC complex (2). For this purpose, these novel Ag(I)-NHC complex (2) was characterized by spectroscopic techniques (1H, 13C{1H} nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)). Then, in vitro cytotoxic activities of NHC precursor (1) and Ag(I)-NHC complex (2) were investigated against MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 human breast, DU-145 prostate cancer cells, and L-929 healthy cells using MTT assay for 24, 48, and 72 h incubation times. Ag(I)-NHC complex (2) showed promising in vitro cytotoxic activity against all cell lines for three incubation times, with IC50 values lower than 5 µM. It was also determined that (NHC) precursor (1) were lower in vitro cytotoxic activity than Ag(I)-NHC complex (2) against all cell lines. Selectivity indexes (SIs) of Ag(I)-NHC complex (2) against cancer cells were found higher than 2 for 24 and 48 h incubation time. Besides, the electronic structure and spectroscopic data of the newly synthesized precursor and its Ag-complex have been supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molecular docking analysis. After, the anticancer activity of these compounds has been discussed considering the results of the frontier molecular orbital analysis. We hope that the obtained results from the experiments and computational tools will bring a new perspective to cancer research in terms of supported by quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goncagül Serdaroğlu
- Math. and Sci. Edu., Faculty of Education, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Şahin
- Department of Basic Education, Faculty of Education, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
- Catalysis Research, and Application Center, İnönü University, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
| | - Serap Şahin-Bölükbaşı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
| | - Elvan Üstün
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, Ordu University, 52200 Ordu, Turkey
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15
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DEMİR ATLI D. Synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties of cationic N-heterocyclic carbene silver complexes. Turk J Chem 2021; 45:577-584. [PMID: 34385853 PMCID: PMC8326491 DOI: 10.3906/kim-2010-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new dibenzimidazolium salts bridged by 2-methylenepropane-1,3-diyl group were synthesized. Their dinuclear N-heterocyclic carbene Ag(I) complexes were prepared by the reactions of these salts with Ag2O. The structures of the synthesized compounds were defined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, and LC-MSMS (for complexes) techniques. Stability of the silver complexes was confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Catalytic activities of Ag(I) compounds were tested for three-component coupling reaction of some aldehydes, amines, and phenylacetylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz DEMİR ATLI
- Manisa Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Chemistry Department, ManisaTurkey
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16
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Şahin-Bölükbaşı S, Cantürk-Kılıçkaya P, Kılıçkaya O. Silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes challenge cancer; evaluation of their anticancer properties and in silico studies. Drug Dev Res 2021; 82:907-926. [PMID: 33978961 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Because of the continuous need for efficient therapeutic agents against various kinds of cancers and infectious diseases, the pharmaceutical industry has to find new candidates and strategies to develop novel and efficient drugs. They increasingly use computational tools in R&D stages for screening extensive sets of drug candidates before starting pre-clinical and clinical trials. N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) can be evaluated as good drug candidates because they offer both anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory features with their general low-toxicity profiles. To date, different kinds of NHCs (Cu, Co, Ni, Au, Ag, Ru, etc.) have been synthesized and their therapeutic uses has been shown. Here, we have reviewed the recent studies focused on Ag(I)-NHC complexes and their anti-cancer activities. Also, existing examples of the usage of density functional theory and structure-activity relationship have been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serap Şahin-Bölükbaşı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Pakize Cantürk-Kılıçkaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ozan Kılıçkaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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Iqbal N, Yaqoob M, Javed M, Abbasi M, Iqbal J, Iqbal MA. Synthesis in combination with Biological and Computational evaluations of selenium-N-Heterocyclic Carbene compounds. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.113135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Organometallic complexes of neodymium: an overview of synthetic methodologies based on coordinating elements. REV INORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/revic-2020-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Organometallic complexes of neodymium have unique coordinating ability to form both micro and macromolecules as well as metal-based polymers. These complexes have been reported in different fields and play a tremendous role in luminescence, catalytic, biological and magnetic applications. So, the current study will comprise all possible routes for the synthesis of organometallic complexes of neodymium. Neodymium complexes have been synthesized of single, double, triple and tetra linkages with H, C, N, O as well as S, B, and X. The detailed synthetic routes have been classified into four categories but in brief, neodymium forms complexes by reacting metal chloride, nitrate or oxide (hydrated or dehydrated) as precursor along with appropriate ligand. Most applied solvents for neodymium complexes were Toluene and THF. These complexes required a range of temperature based on the nature of complexes as well as linkages. The authors have surveyed the research work published through 2011–2020 and provide a comprehensive overview to understand the synthetic routes of organometallic complexes of neodymium.
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N-heterocyclic carbene-metal complexes as bio-organometallic antimicrobial and anticancer drugs, an update (2015–2020). Future Med Chem 2020; 12:2239-2275. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are organic compounds that typically mimic the chemical properties of phosphines. NHCs have made a significant impact on the field of coordination and organometallic chemistry because they are easy to prepare and handle and because of their versatility and stability. Importantly, the physicochemical properties of NHCs can be easily fine-tuned by simple variation of substituents on the nitrogen atoms. Over the past few years, various NHC–metal complexes have been extensively used as metal-based drug candidates and catalysts (homogeneous or heterogeneous) for various applications. To help assist future work with these compounds, this review provides a thorough review on the latest information involving some biomedical applications of NHC–metal complexes. Specifically, this article focuses on recent advances in the design, synthesis, characterization and biomedical applications (e.g., antimicrobial and anticancer activity) of various NHC–metal complexes (metal: silver, gold, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and platinum) covering work published from 2015 to 2020. It is hoped that the promising discoveries to date will help accelerate studies on the encouraging potential of NHC–metal complexes as a class of effective therapeutic agents.
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