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Zhou T, Lv Q, Zhang L, Fan J, Wang T, Meng Y, Xia H, Ren X, Hu S. Converted paddy to upland in saline-sodic land could improve soil ecosystem multifunctionality by enhancing soil quality and alleviating microbial metabolism limitation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171707. [PMID: 38490429 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinization is one of the major soil degradation threats worldwide, and parameters related to soil quality and ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF) are crucial for evaluating the success of reclamation efforts in saline-sodic wasteland (WL). Microbial metabolic limitation is also one of the main factors that influences EMF in agricultural cropping systems. A ten-year localization experiment was conducted to reveal the key predictors of soil quality index (SQI) values, microbial metabolic characteristics, and EMF in different farmland cropping systems. A random forest model showed that the β-glucosidase (BG), cellobiosidase (CBH) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (SHC) of the SQI factors were the main driving forces of soil EMF. Compared to monoculture models, such as paddy field (PF) or upland field (UF), the converted paddy field to upland field (CF) cropping system was most effective at improving EMF in reclaimed saline-sodic WL, increasing this metric by 275.35 %. CF integrates practices from both PF and UF planting systems, improved soil quality and relieves microbial metabolic limitation. Specifically, both CF and PF significantly reduced soil pH (by 16-23 %) and sodium adsorption ration (SAR) (by 65-83 %) and significantly reduced the abundance of large macroaggregates. Moreover, CF significantly improved soil saturated hydraulic conductivity relative to PF and UF (p < 0.05), indicating an improvement in soil physical properties. Overall, although reclamation improved SQI compared to WL (0.25), the EMF of CF (0.56) was significantly higher than that of other treatments (p < 0.05). Thus, while increasing SQI can improve soil EMF, it was not as effective alone as it was when combined with more comprehensive efforts that focus on improving various soil properties and alleviating microbial metabolic limitations. Therefore, our results suggested that future saline-sodic wasteland reclamation efforts should avoid monoculture systems to enhance soil EMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tairan Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan west road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Qilin Lv
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan west road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Luxin Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan west road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jingbiao Fan
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan west road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Tianhao Wang
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan west road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yunshan Meng
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan west road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Haiyang Xia
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan west road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xueqin Ren
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan west road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
| | - Shuwen Hu
- College of Resources and Environment Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan west road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Xiao Z, Han R, Su J, Zhu Z, Zhao Y, Chen Q, Zhao J, Li G, Zhu YG. Application of earthworm and silicon can alleviate antibiotic resistance in soil-Chinese cabbage system with ARGs contamination. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:120900. [PMID: 36581242 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Organic fertilization is a major contributor to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the agroecosystem, which substantially increases the risk of ARGs acquisition and their transmission into human food chains. Earthworms are among the most vital soil faunas involved in the link between belowground and aboveground, and silicon is beneficial for soil health and plant stress resistance. This study aims to explore the effect of different amendment strategies (earthworm and/or silicon) and the related influencing factors on the alleviation of ARGs using high-throughput qPCR. The results showed that the application of earthworms and silicon fertilizers reduced the absolute abundance of ARGs in the rhizosphere soils, either singly or in combination. According to the structural equation model and random forest analysis, mobile genetic elements are the major factors enhancing ARGs transfers and the treatment affects ARGs in direct or indirect ways. Our results highlight the role of "rhizosphere effect" in alleviating antibiotic resistance and suggest that silicon fertilizers, together with the earthworms, can be considered as a sustainable and natural solution to mitigate high-risk ARGs spread in the soil-plant systems. Our findings provide guidance in formulating strategies for halting the spread of ARGs in the agroecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zufei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, PR China
| | - Ruixia Han
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, PR China
| | - Jianqiang Su
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zhe Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, PR China; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham, Ningbo, 315100, PR China
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 10083, PR China
| | - Qinglin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, PR China
| | - Junyi Zhao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, PR China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, PR China.
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo, 315830, PR China
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Silicon Controls Bacterial Wilt Disease in Tomato Plants and Inhibits the Virulence-Related Gene Expression of Ralstonia solanacearum. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136965. [PMID: 35805970 PMCID: PMC9266643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicon (Si) has a multifunctional role in improving plant growth and enhancing plant disease resistance, but its mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the impacts of silicon application on the control of bacterial wilt and elucidated the molecular mechanisms using transcriptome sequencing. Compared to non-Si treatment, Si application (0.5–2 mM) significantly reduces tomato bacterial wilt index by 46.31–72.23%. However, Si does not influence the growth of R. solanacearum. Si application negatively influences R. solanacearum exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis and biofilm formation. Transcriptome analysis showed that Si treatment significantly downregulates the expression of virulence genes’ transcriptional regulator (xpsR), EPS synthesis-related genes (epsD and tek), and type III effectors (HrpB2, SpaO, and EscR) in R. solanacearum. In addition, Si remarkably upregulates the expression of twitch motor-related genes (pilE2, pilE, fimT, and PilX). These findings suggest that silicon-suppressed tomato wilt incidence may be due to the regulation of the virulence-related genes of R. solanacearum by Si. Our research adds new knowledge to the application of Si in the field of disease control.
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Khan I, Awan SA, Rizwan M, Ali S, Hassan MJ, Brestic M, Zhang X, Huang L. Effects of silicon on heavy metal uptake at the soil-plant interphase: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112510. [PMID: 34273846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is the second richest element in the soil and surface of earth crust with a variety of positive roles in soils and plants. Different soil factors influence the Si bioavailability in soil-plant system. The Si involves in the mitigation of various biotic (insect pests and pathogenic diseases) and abiotic stresses (salt, drought, heat, and heavy metals etc.) in plants by improving plant tolerance mechanism at various levels. However, Si-mediated restrictions in heavy metals uptake and translocation from soil to plants and within plants require deep understandings. Recently, Si-based improvements in plant defense system, cell damage repair, cell homeostasis, and regulation of metabolism under heavy metal stress are getting more attention. However, limited knowledge is available on the molecular mechanisms by which Si can reduce the toxicity of heavy metals, their uptake and transfer from soil to plant roots. Thus, this review is focused the following facets in greater detail to provide better understandings about the role of Si at molecular level; (i) how Si improves tolerance in plants to variable environmental conditions, (ii) how biological factors affect Si pools in the soil (iii) how soil properties impact the release and capability of Si to decrease the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil and their accumulation in plant roots; (iv) how Si influences the plant root system with respect to heavy metals uptake or sequestration, root Fe/Mn plaque, root cell wall and compartment; (v) how Si makes complexes with heavy metals and restricts their translocation/transfer in root cell and influences the plant hormonal regulation; (vi) the competition of uptake between Si and heavy metals such as arsenic, aluminum, and cadmium due to similar membrane transporters, and (vii) how Si-mediated regulation of gene expression involves in the uptake, transportation and accumulation of heavy metals by plants and their possible detoxification mechanisms. Furthermore, future research work with respect to mitigation of heavy metal toxicity in plants is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Samrah Afzal Awan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Jawad Hassan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Trieda A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Deng Q, Yu T, Zeng Z, Ashraf U, Shi Q, Huang S, Lian T, Chen J, Muzaffar W, Shen W. Silicon Application Modulates the Growth, Rhizosphere Soil Characteristics, and Bacterial Community Structure in Sugarcane. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:710139. [PMID: 34490012 PMCID: PMC8417577 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.710139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) deficiency, caused by acidic soil and rainy climate, is a major constraint for sugarcane production in southern China. Si application generally improves sugarcane growth; however, there are few studies on the relationships between enhanced plant growth, changes in rhizosphere soil, and bacterial communities. A field experiment was conducted to measure sugarcane agronomic traits, plant nutrient contents, rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and chemical properties, and the rhizosphere bacterial community diversity and structure of three predominant sugarcane varieties under two Si treatments, i.e., 0 and 200 kg of silicon dioxide (SiO2) ha-1 regarded as Si0 and Si200, respectively. Results showed that Si application substantially improved the sugarcane stalk fresh weight and Si, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) contents comparing to Si0, and had an obvious impact on rhizosphere soil pH, available Si (ASi), available P (AP), available K (AK), total phosphorus (TP), and the activity of acid phosphatase. Furthermore, the relative abundances of Proteobacteria showed a remarkable increase in Si200, which may be the dominant group in sugarcane growth under Si application. Interestingly, the AP was noticed as a major factor that caused bacterial community structure differences between the two Si treatments according to canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). In addition, the association network analysis indicated that Si application enriched the rhizosphere bacterial network, which could be beneficial to sugarcane growth. Overall, appropriate Si application, i.e., 200 kg SiO2 ha-1 promoted sugarcane growth, changed rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and chemical properties, and bacterial community structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanqing Deng
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Sugarcane Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taobing Yu
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Sugarcane Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Qihan Shi
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Suihua Huang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tengxiang Lian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianwen Chen
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Sugarcane Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wardah Muzaffar
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wankuan Shen
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Sugarcane Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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Etesami H, Jeong BR, Glick BR. Contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria, and Silicon to P Uptake by Plant. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:699618. [PMID: 34276750 PMCID: PMC8280758 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.699618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) availability is usually low in soils around the globe. Most soils have a deficiency of available P; if they are not fertilized, they will not be able to satisfy the P requirement of plants. P fertilization is generally recommended to manage soil P deficiency; however, the low efficacy of P fertilizers in acidic and in calcareous soils restricts P availability. Moreover, the overuse of P fertilizers is a cause of significant environmental concerns. However, the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), and the addition of silicon (Si) are effective and economical ways to improve the availability and efficacy of P. In this review the contributions of Si, PSB, and AMF in improving the P availability is discussed. Based on what is known about them, the combined strategy of using Si along with AMF and PSB may be highly useful in improving the P availability and as a result, its uptake by plants compared to using either of them alone. A better understanding how the two microorganism groups and Si interact is crucial to preserving soil fertility and improving the economic and environmental sustainability of crop production in P deficient soils. This review summarizes and discusses the current knowledge concerning the interactions among AMF, PSB, and Si in enhancing P availability and its uptake by plants in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Etesami
- Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Byoung Ryong Jeong
- Department of Horticulture, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+ Program), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Bernard R. Glick
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Xu L, Deng X, Ying J, Zhou G, Shi Y. Silicate fertilizer application reduces soil greenhouse gas emissions in a Moso bamboo forest. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 747:141380. [PMID: 32795802 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Silicate fertilizer application in croplands is effective in mitigating soil methane (CH4) emissions and increasing rice yield. However, the effects of silicate fertilizer on soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Moso bamboo forests, and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, a two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of silicate fertilizer rates (0 (CK), 0.225 and 1.125 Mg ha-1) on soil GHG emissions in a Moso bamboo forest. The results showed that silicate fertilizer application significantly reduced soil CO2 and N2O emissions, and increased soil CH4 uptakes. Compared to the CK treatments, the cumulative soil CO2 emission fluxes decreased by 29.6% and 32.5%, and the cumulative soil N2O emission fluxes decrease by 41.9% and 48.3%, the CH4 uptake fluxes increased by 13.5% and 32.4% in the 0.225 and 1.125 Mg ha-1 treatments, respectively. The soil GHG emissions were significantly positively related to soil temperature (P < 0.05), but negatively related to soil moisture; however, this relationship was not observed between CH4 uptake fluxes and moisture in CK treatment. Soil CO2 emission and CH4 uptake were significantly positively related with water-soluble organic C (WSOC) and microbial biomass C (MBC) concentrations in all treatments (P < 0.05). Soil N2O emissions were significantly positively related to MBC, NH4+-N, NO3--N, and microbial biomass N (MBN) concentrations in all treatments (P < 0.05), but not with WSOC concentration. Structural equation modeling showed that application of silicate fertilizer directly reduced soil GHG emission by decreasing the labile C and N pools, and indirectly by influencing the soil physicochemical properties. Our findings suggest that silicate fertilizer can be an effective tool in combatting climate change by reducing soil GHG emissions in Moso bamboo forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayang Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300 Zhejiang, China.
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Wang B, Chu C, Wei H, Zhang L, Ahmad Z, Wu S, Xie B. Ameliorative effects of silicon fertilizer on soil bacterial community and pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) grown on soil contaminated with multiple heavy metals. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115411. [PMID: 32866868 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soil with heavy metals seriously harms the growth of crops. Silicon fertilizer is known to promote growth of crops and alleviate heavy metals stresses in vegetables. However, little is known about the effects of silicon fertilizer on pakchoi vegetable growth and soil microbial community in soil contaminated with multiple heavy metals. In order to elucidate this question, current study was designed to analyze the impact of different silicon fertilizer doses on the growth of pakchoi, heavy metals accumulation in pakchoi, and diversity and composition of bacterial community in heavy metals contaminated soil. Results of the study showed that, silicon fertilizer application significantly improved the yield of pakchoi and reduced the content of heavy metals in pakchoi. Moreover, the silicon fertilizer led to the heterogeneity of bacterial community structure in soil. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) test showed the change of soil bacterial community structures under the higher silicon fertilizer doses (0.8-3.2%). Similarly, soil bacteria associated with heavy metal resistance and carbon/nitrogen metabolism showed a more active response to medium fertilizer dose (0.8% w/w). In addition, Mantel test and Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that both the soil bacterial community structures and pakchoi growth were significantly correlated with soil EC, available K and pH. Study suggested that the application of silicon fertilizer provided richer bacteria associated with heavy metal resistance and plant growth, and more favorable soil physicochemical environment for the growth of pakchoi under multiple heavy metal contamination, and the impact was dependent on fertilizing dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghan Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China; Eco-environmental Protection Institute of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Changbin Chu
- Eco-environmental Protection Institute of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Huawei Wei
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Liangmao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zahoor Ahmad
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Department of Soil Science, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shuhang Wu
- Eco-environmental Protection Institute of Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Bing Xie
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Gaur S, Kumar J, Kumar D, Chauhan DK, Prasad SM, Srivastava PK. Fascinating impact of silicon and silicon transporters in plants: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 202:110885. [PMID: 32650140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is a metalloid which is gaining worldwide attention of plant scientists due to its ameliorating impact on plants' growth and development. The beneficial response of Si is observed predominantly under numerous abiotic and biotic stress conditions. However, under favorable conditions, most of the plant can grow without it. Therefore, Si has yet not been fully accepted as essential element rather it is being considered as quasi-essential for plants' growth. Si is also known to enhance resilience in plants by reducing the plant's stress. Besides its second most abundance on the earth crust, most of the soils lack plant available form of Si i.e. silicic acid. In this regard, understanding the role of Si in plant metabolism, its uptake from roots and transport to aerial tissues along with its ionomics and proteomics under different circumstances is of great concern. Plants have evolved a well-optimized Si-transport system including various transporter proteins like Low silicon1 (Lsi1), Low silicon2 (Lsi2), Low silicon3 (Lsi3) and Low silicon6 (Lsi6) at specific sub-cellular locations along with the expression profiling that creates precisely coordinated network among these transporters, which also facilitate uptake and accumulation of Si. Though, an ample amount of information is available pertinent to the solute specificity, active sites, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of these transporter genes. Similarly, the information regarding transporters involved in Si accumulation in different organelles is also available particularly in silica cells occurred in poales. But in this review, we have attempted to compile studies related to plants vis à vis Si, its role in abiotic and biotic stress, its uptake in various parts of plants via different types of Si-transporters, expression pattern, localization and the solute specificity. Besides these, this review will also provide the compiled knowledge about the genetic variation among crop plants vis à vis enhanced Si uptake and related benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Gaur
- DD Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P, 211002, India.
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P, 211002, India; Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dr. Shakuntla Misra National Rehabilitation University, Mohaan Road, Lucknow, U.P, 226017, India.
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- DD Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P, 211002, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- DD Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P, 211002, India.
| | - Sheo Mohan Prasad
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P, 211002, India.
| | - Prabhat Kumar Srivastava
- Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P, 211002, India; Department of Botany, KS Saket PG College, Ayodhya U.P, 224123., India.
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Effects of rice straw and rice straw ash on rice growth and α-diversity of bacterial community in rare-earth mining soils. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10331. [PMID: 32587300 PMCID: PMC7316728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67160-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pot experiments were carried out to study the effects of rice straw (RS) and rice straw ash (RSA) on the growth of early rice and α-diversity of bacterial community in soils around rare earth mining areas of Xunwu and Xinfeng counties in South Jiangxi of China. The results showed that the exploitation of rare earth resources leads to soil pollution around rare earth mining areas and affects the growth of rice, and the content of rare earth elements (REEs) in rice was positively correlated with that in soils and negative correlated with dry weight of rice; The addition of RS to soils around REE mining area can inhibit growth of early rice, and the dry weight of rice grains, shoots, roots is lower when compared with the controls, while the content of REEs is higher. The α-diversity of soil bacterial decreases, which promotes the growth of Pseudorhodoferax, Phenylobacterium and other bacteria of the same kind, and inhibits the growth of beneficial bacteria. The addition of RSA to soils had no significant effect on α-diversity of soil bacterial but promoted the growth of Azospira and other beneficial bacteria, inhibited the growth of Bryobacter and other bacteria of the same kind, significantly improved the dry weight of grains, shoots and roots of early rice, and reduced the content of REEs in these parts of rice. It can be concluded that RS is unsuitable to be added to the planting soil of early rice in REE mining area, while RSA is suitable.
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Lux A, Lukačová Z, Vaculík M, Švubová R, Kohanová J, Soukup M, Martinka M, Bokor B. Silicification of Root Tissues. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E111. [PMID: 31952260 PMCID: PMC7020167 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is not considered an essential element, however, its tissue concentration can exceed that of many essential elements in several evolutionary distant plant species. Roots take up Si using Si transporters and then translocate it to aboveground organs. In some plant species, root tissues are also places where a high accumulation of Si can be found. Three basic modes of Si deposition in roots have been identified so far: (1) impregnation of endodermal cell walls (e.g., in cereals, such as Triticum (wheat)); (2) formation of Si-aggregates associated with endodermal cell walls (in the Andropogoneae family, which includes Sorghum and Saccharum (sugarcane)); (3) formation of Si aggregates in "stegmata" cells, which form a sheath around sclerenchyma fibers e.g., in some palm species (Phoenix (date palm)). In addition to these three major and most studied modes of Si deposition in roots, there are also less-known locations, such as deposits in xylem cells and intercellular deposits. In our research, the ontogenesis of individual root cells that accumulate Si is discussed. The documented and expected roles of Si deposition in the root is outlined mostly as a reaction of plants to abiotic and biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lux
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.L.); (Z.L.); (M.V.); (R.Š.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.M.)
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Lukačová
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.L.); (Z.L.); (M.V.); (R.Š.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Marek Vaculík
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.L.); (Z.L.); (M.V.); (R.Š.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.M.)
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Renáta Švubová
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.L.); (Z.L.); (M.V.); (R.Š.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Jana Kohanová
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.L.); (Z.L.); (M.V.); (R.Š.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Milan Soukup
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.L.); (Z.L.); (M.V.); (R.Š.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.M.)
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Martinka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.L.); (Z.L.); (M.V.); (R.Š.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Boris Bokor
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.L.); (Z.L.); (M.V.); (R.Š.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.M.)
- Comenius University Science Park, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Siddiqui ZA, Hashmi A, Khan MR, Parveen A. Management of bacteria Pectobacterium carotovorum, Xanthomonas campestris pv. carotae, and fungi Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani and Alternaria dauci with silicon dioxide nanoparticles on carrot. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19315260.2019.1675843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Areesha Hashmi
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Manzoor R. Khan
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Aiman Parveen
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Kaushik P, Saini DK. Silicon as a Vegetable Crops Modulator-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E148. [PMID: 31159270 PMCID: PMC6631416 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vegetables require an optimum supply of mineral elements like silicon (Si). Si is second to oxygen in its abundance in the earth crust, and its role is quite significant in tackling biotic and abiotic stresses of vegetables. Si application also improves several agronomic and quality traits of vegetables. Hence, Si application is recommended as a strategy for the improvement of vegetable crops production. Although the research about the role of Si in vegetable dicots still lags far behind than cereals. Recently, omics-based approaches were used to provide a deeper understanding of the role of Si in vegetable protection. Here, we have compiled the studies focusing on the role of Si for vegetables, thus, enabling all of the important information regarding the effect Si application to vegetables at one place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kaushik
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Dinesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India.
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Zhou X, Shen Y, Fu X, Wu F. Application of Sodium Silicate Enhances Cucumber Resistance to Fusarium Wilt and Alters Soil Microbial Communities. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:624. [PMID: 29868080 PMCID: PMC5958222 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous silicates can enhance plant resistance to pathogens and change soil microbial communities. However, the relationship between changes in soil microbial communities and enhanced plant resistance remains unclear. Here, effects of exogenous sodium silicate on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedling resistance to Fusarium wilt caused by the soil-borne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum Owen (FOC) were investigated by drenching soil with 2 mM sodium silicate. Soil bacterial and fungal community abundances and compositions were estimated by real-time PCR and high-throughput amplicon sequencing; then, feedback effects of changes in soil biota on cucumber seedling resistance to FOC were assessed. Moreover, effects of sodium silicate on the growth of FOC and Streptomyces DHV3-2, an antagonistic bacterium to FOC, were investigated both in vitro and in the soil environment. Results showed that exogenous sodium silicate enhanced cucumber seedling growth and resistance to FOC. In bare soil, sodium silicate increased bacterial and fungal community abundances and diversities. In cucumber-cultivated soil, sodium silicate increased bacterial community abundances, but decreased fungal community abundances and diversities. Sodium silicate also changed soil bacterial and fungal communality compositions, and especially, decreased the relative abundances of microbial taxa containing plant pathogens but increased these with plant-beneficial potentials. Moreover, sodium silicate increased the abundance of Streptomyces DHV3-2 in soil. Soil biota from cucumber-cultivated soil treated with sodium silicate decreased cucumber seedling Fusarium wilt disease index, and enhanced cucumber seedling growth and defense-related enzyme activities in roots. Sodium silicate at pH 9.85 inhibited FOC abundance in vitro, but did not affect FOC abundance in soil. Overall, our results suggested that, in cucumber-cultivated soil, sodium silicate increased cucumber seedling resistance to Fusarium wilt by changing soil microbial communities rather than by directly inhibiting the growth of FOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingang Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China
| | - Yanhui Shen
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuepeng Fu
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fengzhi Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China
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Aloyce A, Ndakidemi PA, Mbega ER. Identification and Management Challenges Associated with <I>Ralstonia solanacearum </I> (Smith), Causal Agent of Bacterial Wilt Disease of Tomato in Sub-Saharan Africa. Pak J Biol Sci 2017; 20:530-542. [PMID: 30187736 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2017.530.542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Tomato is the world's most consumed vegetable crop after potato and it is source of vitamins, minerals, fiber, lycopene, β-carotene and income. Despite its significant importance tomato can heavily be attacked by different pathogens including Ralstonia solanacearum that incites bacteria wilt disease. The disease is very devastating causing a considerable yield loss worldwide. The pathogen can survive in plant debris, infected plants and host weeds and spread from one field to another by irrigation or flood water, soil, farm equipment and workers and weeds which usually grow along waterways and it is difficult to manage due to complication in biology, nature of infestation and wide host range. In areas like the Sub-Saharan Africa where there exists a wide diversity of plant species, the pathogen becomes even more difficult to manage. It is on this basis that this review article, clearly discusses challenges for bacterial wilt disease identification and management in tomato farming systems with respect to the diagnosis methods used, pathogen genetic diversity and host range and pathogen survival mechanisms under different environment. The information will empower the responsible personnel involved in tomato production chain to have clear information about the pathogen and management options available against the disease in Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Hong JK, Kim HJ, Jung H, Yang HJ, Kim DH, Sung CH, Park CJ, Chang SW. Differential Control Efficacies of Vitamin Treatments against Bacterial Wilt and Grey Mould Diseases in Tomato Plants. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 32:469-480. [PMID: 27721697 PMCID: PMC5051566 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2016.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt and grey mould in tomato plants are economically destructive bacterial and fungal diseases caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and Botrytis cinerea, respectively. Various approaches including chemical and biological controls have been attempted to arrest the tomato diseases so far. In this study, in vitro growths of bacterial R. solanacearum and fungal B. cinerea were evaluated using four different vitamins including thiamine (vitamin B1), niacin (vitamin B3), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), and menadione (vitamin K3). In planta efficacies of the four vitamin treatments on tomato protection against both diseases were also demonstrated. All four vitamins showed different in vitro antibacterial activities against R. solanacearum in dose-dependent manners. However, treatment with 2 mM thiamine was only effective in reducing bacterial wilt of detached tomato leaves without phytotoxicity under lower disease pressure (106 colony-forming unit [cfu]/ml). Treatment with the vitamins also differentially reduced in vitro conidial germination and mycelial growth of B. cinerea. The four vitamins slightly reduced the conidial germination, and thiamine, pyridoxine and menadione inhibited the mycelial growth of B. cinerea. Menadione began to drastically suppress the conidial germination and mycelial growth by 5 and 0.5 mM, respectively. Grey mould symptoms on the inoculated tomato leaves were significantly reduced by pyridoxine and menadione pretreatments one day prior to the fungal challenge inoculation. These findings suggest that disease-specific vitamin treatment will be integrated for eco-friendly management of tomato bacterial wilt and grey mould.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeum Kyu Hong
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Heesoo Jung
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Hye Ji Yang
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Sung
- Turfgrass Science Institute, Hanul Inc., Hapcheon 50229,
Korea
| | - Chang-Jin Park
- Department of Bioresources Engineering and PERI, Sejong University, Seoul 05006,
Korea
| | - Seog Won Chang
- Department of Golf Course Management, Korea Golf University, Gangwon 25247,
Korea
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Yuliar, Nion YA, Toyota K. Recent trends in control methods for bacterial wilt diseases caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Microbes Environ 2015; 30:1-11. [PMID: 25762345 PMCID: PMC4356456 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me14144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have described the development of control methods against bacterial wilt diseases caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. This review focused on recent advances in control measures, such as biological, physical, chemical, cultural, and integral measures, as well as biocontrol efficacy and suppression mechanisms. Biological control agents (BCAs) have been dominated by bacteria (90%) and fungi (10%). Avirulent strains of R. solanacearum, Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp., and Streptomyces spp. are well-known BCAs. New or uncommon BCAs have also been identified such as Acinetobacter sp., Burkholderia sp., and Paenibacillus sp. Inoculation methods for BCAs affect biocontrol efficacy, such as pouring or drenching soil, dipping of roots, and seed coatings. The amendment of different organic matter, such as plant residue, animal waste, and simple organic compounds, have frequently been reported to suppress bacterial wilt diseases. The combined application of BCAs and their substrates was shown to more effectively suppress bacterial wilt in the tomato. Suppression mechanisms are typically attributed to the antibacterial metabolites produced by BCAs or those present in natural products; however, the number of studies related to host resistance to the pathogen is increasing. Enhanced/modified soil microbial communities are also indirectly involved in disease suppression. New promising types of control measures include biological soil disinfection using substrates that release volatile compounds. This review described recent advances in different control measures. We focused on the importance of integrated pest management (IPM) for bacterial wilt diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliar
- Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Km 46, Cibinong Science Center 16911Indonesia
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology2–24–16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184–8588Japan
| | - Yanetri Asi Nion
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology2–24–16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184–8588Japan
- Palangka Raya University JlYos Sudarso, Center of Kalimantan, Palangka RayaIndonesia
| | - Koki Toyota
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology2–24–16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184–8588Japan
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